CN113153473B - Peak regulation system integrating compressed air and fuel gas steam circulation and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Peak regulation system integrating compressed air and fuel gas steam circulation and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113153473B CN113153473B CN202110420848.XA CN202110420848A CN113153473B CN 113153473 B CN113153473 B CN 113153473B CN 202110420848 A CN202110420848 A CN 202110420848A CN 113153473 B CN113153473 B CN 113153473B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/08—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/02—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of multiple-expansion type
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
Abstract
The invention discloses a peak shaving system integrating compressed air and gas steam circulation and an operation method thereof, wherein the peak shaving system comprises a gas turbine power generation unit, a compressed air energy storage unit, a waste heat boiler power generation unit and a heat exchange unit; the inlet of the gas turbine power generation unit is connected with compressed air and fuel gas, the flue gas outlet of the gas turbine power generation unit is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler power generation unit and the heat exchange unit, and the heat exchange unit is communicated with the waste heat boiler power generation unit; the compressed air energy storage unit comprises an air compressor set, an air storage container and an expansion generator set which are sequentially communicated, a heat absorption unit is arranged between an air outlet of the air compressor set and the air storage container, and an air outlet of the air storage container is communicated with a working medium inlet of the expansion generator set through a heat exchange unit; the gas turbine is coupled with the heat absorption and expansion process of the compressed gas with higher heat utilization rate, the effect that the system generating capacity is obviously improved compared with the gas and steam combined cycle generating capacity is achieved, and the function of an energy storage peak regulation system is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of physical energy storage, and particularly relates to a peak shaving system integrating compressed air and gas steam circulation and an operation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of society, renewable energy power generation internet surfing and the real-time change of resident's power consumption have higher and higher requirements on the peak shaving of electric wire netting power generation side, take the compressed air energy storage system in the supporting physics energy storage technology of gas steam combined cycle power generation system as an example, because traditional compressed air energy storage system is the independent design, after the design function and the effect of realization system, carry out capacity matching with the power generation side with energy storage system. And in the capacity matching process after the independent design is finished, the performance of the compressed air energy storage system or the gas and steam combined cycle unit at the power generation side is difficult to further improve, the design of the compressed air energy storage system is established on the basis of the existing gas and steam cycle based on the concept of cooperative complementation so as to achieve energy storage and peak shaving, the overall performance is improved through the integration of the system, the total cost is reduced, and the development of the compressed air energy storage technology is facilitated.
In the compressed air energy storage system, the reasonable utilization of the compression heat and the heating of the expansion gas obviously influence the energy storage performance of the system, the use of the heat storage equipment enables the cost of the compressed air energy storage system to be high, and in the gas circulation, in order to fully recycle the heat in the flue gas at the outlet of the gas turbine, the steam circulation is often matched to recycle the heat, but the steam circulation recycling efficiency is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the compressed air energy storage system in the prior art is difficult to be matched with a gas-steam combined cycle to realize power generation side peak regulation due to high heat storage cost, and provides a peak regulation system integrating compressed air and gas-steam cycle and an operation method thereof.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a peak shaving system integrating compressed air and gas steam circulation comprises a gas turbine power generation unit, a compressed air energy storage unit, a waste heat boiler power generation unit and a heat exchange unit; the inlet of the gas turbine power generation unit is connected with compressed air and fuel gas, the flue gas outlet of the gas turbine power generation unit is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler power generation unit and the hot side inlet of the heat exchange unit, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchange unit is communicated with the economizer of the waste heat boiler power generation unit; the compressed air energy storage unit comprises an air compressor set, an air storage container and an expansion generator set which are sequentially communicated, a heat absorption unit is arranged between an air outlet of the air compressor set and the air storage container, an air outlet of the air storage container is communicated with a cold side inlet of the heat exchange unit, and a cold side outlet of the heat exchange unit is communicated with a working medium inlet of the expansion generator set; and a flow regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline from the flue gas outlet of the gas turbine power generation unit to the power generation unit of the waste heat boiler and the heat exchange unit, and the flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler is communicated with the atmosphere.
The device comprises an air compressor set, a low-pressure compressor and a high-pressure compressor, wherein an air outlet of the low-pressure compressor of the air compressor set is connected with a first cracking reactor, an air inlet of the high-pressure compressor is communicated with an air outlet of the first cracking reactor, an air outlet of the high-pressure compressor is connected with a second cracking reactor, and an air outlet of the second cracking reactor is communicated with an air storage container; and the outlet of the output medium of the first cracking reactor and the outlet of the output medium of the second cracking reactor are communicated with the gas inlet of the power generation unit of the gas turbine, and the gas inlet is provided with a flow regulating valve.
The flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler is also communicated with the heating medium inlets of the first cracking reactor and the second cracking reactor.
And high-selectivity methanol separation membranes are arranged at the cracked gas outlets of the first cracking reactor and the second cracking reactor, and are inorganic silicon dioxide separation membranes or phenolic resin matrix mixed matrix carbon molecular sieve membranes.
The heat exchange unit comprises a high-pressure heat exchanger and a low-pressure heat exchanger, and the expansion generator set comprises a high-pressure expander and a low-pressure expander; the outlet of the high-pressure expander is connected with the inlet of the low-pressure expander through the cold side of the low-pressure heat exchanger; the high-pressure expander and the low-pressure expander are coaxially connected with the generator, and the high-pressure heat exchanger and the low-pressure heat exchanger adopt plate heat exchangers.
The waste heat boiler power generation unit comprises a waste heat boiler, a steam turbine, a cooler and a water pump, wherein the outlet of the cooler is connected with the inlet of the water pump, the outlet of the water pump is connected with the cold side inlet of the waste heat boiler, and the cold side outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected with the inlet of the steam turbine; the outlet of the steam turbine is connected with the inlet of the cooler.
The electric energy input ends of the low-pressure compressor and the high-pressure compressor are connected with the electric energy output ends of the gas turbine power generation unit and the waste heat boiler power generation unit or the electric energy output end of the renewable energy power generation system.
The operation method of the peak shaving system based on the cycle integration of the compressed air and the fuel gas steam, disclosed by the invention, comprises the following specific steps of:
the air is compressed by the compressor set and then enters the air storage container for storage;
in the energy releasing and peak shaving stage of the compressed air energy storage unit, smoke generated by gas power generation of the gas turbine power generation unit enters the waste heat boiler power generation unit and the heat exchange unit to push the waste heat boiler power generation unit to keep the lowest load work, meanwhile, compressed air of the gas storage container enters the heat exchange unit, the smoke heats the compressed air in the heat exchange unit, the compressed air enters the expansion generator set to expand to do work to generate power after being heated, and the air after doing work is exhausted to the atmosphere; flue gas at the outlet of the heat exchange unit enters the hot-side inlet of the economizer part of the waste heat boiler; and (4) discharging flue gas of the waste heat boiler power generation unit or discharging the flue gas after heat recovery.
The exhaust gas of the low-pressure compressor enters a first cracking reactor to release heat and then enters a high-pressure compressor, the air compressed by the high-pressure compressor enters a second cracking reactor to release heat and then enters an air storage container, meanwhile, the flue gas at the outlet of the hot side of the waste heat boiler power generation unit preheats the methanol to be fed into the first cracking reactor and the second cracking reactor respectively, the methanol absorbs heat in the first cracking reactor and the second cracking reactor to crack to generate cracked gas, and the cracked gas enters a gas turbine power generation unit to burn and do work.
The flue gas of the waste heat boiler power generation unit is used for preheating methanol or heating domestic hot water.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention couples the gas turbine with the heat absorption expansion process of the compressed gas with higher heat utilization rate, achieves the effect that the generated energy of the system is obviously improved compared with the generated energy of the gas-steam combined cycle, and realizes the function of an energy storage peak shaving system.
Furthermore, the compression heat is recovered by combining a methanol cracking technology, the heat quality is improved, and then the heat is directly used for a gas turbine power generation system, so that the reasonable utilization of the compression heat is realized, and the use of high-cost heat storage equipment is avoided on the whole system.
Furthermore, the cracked gas directly enters the gas turbine power generation system, so that the problems of high cost and unsafety of cracked gas storage are solved, meanwhile, the process of heat release or secondary heat exchange utilization before the cracked gas is stored is reduced, and the heat waste or heat loss caused by heat exchange is reduced.
Furthermore, the electric energy generated by the compressed air energy storage system driving the compressor can be generated by renewable energy sources or by gas-steam combined cycle, and can be used for both renewable energy power generation and traditional power generation systems.
Furthermore, the flue gas at the outlet of the hot side of the waste heat boiler can be used for preheating the methanol to be fed into the cracking reactor in the energy storage period, and can be used for supplying heat of domestic hot water in the energy release period and other periods, so that the full utilization of the energy of the low-temperature heat source is realized.
Further, gas at the outlet of the hot side of the heat exchanger enters the inlet of the hot side of the economizer of the waste heat boiler in the energy release period to preheat high-pressure water in steam circulation, so that heat is recovered, and the system efficiency is improved.
Further, according to the teaching of the working mode of the energy release process, a power generation mode combining a gas cycle and an isothermal compressed gas cycle is provided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a peaking system of the present invention incorporating compressed air and gas steam cycle integration.
In fig. 1: 1. a low pressure compressor; 2. a first cracking reactor; 3. a high pressure compressor; 4. a second cracking reactor; 5. a gas storage container; 6. a high pressure heat exchanger; 7. a high pressure expander; 8. a low pressure heat exchanger; 9. a low pressure expander; 10. an air compressor; 11. a combustion chamber; 12. a gas turbine; 13. a waste heat boiler; 14. a steam turbine; 15. a cooler; 16. and (4) a water pump.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
The invention couples the gas turbine with the heat absorption and expansion process of the compressed gas with higher heat utilization rate, can achieve the effect that the generated energy of the system is obviously improved compared with the combined cycle generated energy of the gas and the steam, realizes the function of an energy storage and peak regulation system, meanwhile, the invention recovers the compression heat by combining the methanol cracking technology, and the compression heat is directly used for the power generation system of the gas turbine after the taste of the heat is improved, thereby realizing the reasonable utilization of the compression heat and avoiding the use of high-cost heat storage equipment on the whole system.
As shown in fig. 1, a peak shaving system with integrated compressed air and gas steam circulation comprises a gas turbine power generation unit, a compressed air energy storage unit, a waste heat boiler power generation unit and a heat exchange unit; the inlet of the gas turbine power generation unit is connected with compressed air and fuel gas, the flue gas outlet of the gas turbine power generation unit is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler power generation unit and the hot side inlet of the heat exchange unit, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchange unit is communicated with the economizer of the waste heat boiler power generation unit; the compressed air energy storage unit comprises an air compressor set, an air storage container 5 and an expansion generator set which are sequentially communicated, a heat absorption unit is arranged between an air outlet of the air compressor set and the air storage container 5, an air outlet of the air storage container 5 is communicated with a cold side inlet of the heat exchange unit, and a cold side outlet of the heat exchange unit is communicated with a working medium inlet of the expansion generator set; a flow regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline from a flue gas outlet of the gas turbine power generation unit to the power generation unit of the waste heat boiler and a pipeline from the flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler to the heat exchange unit, and the flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler is communicated with the atmosphere;
the system comprises a low-pressure gas compressor 1, a first cracking reactor 2, a high-pressure gas compressor 3, a second cracking reactor 4, a gas storage container 5, a high-pressure heat exchanger 6, a high-pressure expander 7, a low-pressure heat exchanger 8, a low-pressure expander 9, an air compressor 10, a combustion chamber 11, a gas turbine 12, a waste heat boiler 13, a steam turbine 14, a cooler 15 and a water pump 16; an exhaust pipeline of the low-pressure compressor 1 is connected with an inlet of a high-pressure compressor 3 through a first cracking reactor 2; the exhaust pipeline of the high-pressure compressor 3 is connected with the inlet of the gas storage container 5 through the second cracking reactor 4; the outlet of the gas storage container 5 is connected with the inlet of a high-pressure expander 7 through the cold side of a high-pressure heat exchanger 6; the outlet of the high-pressure expander 7 is connected with the inlet of the low-pressure expander 9 through the cold side of the low-pressure heat exchanger 8; the low-pressure compressor 1 and the high-pressure compressor 3 are respectively connected with a motor, and the high-pressure expander 7 and the low-pressure expander 9 are coaxially connected with a generator.
An exhaust port of the air compressor 10 is connected with a combustion chamber 11; the flue gas outlet of the combustion chamber 11 is connected with the inlet of the gas turbine 12; an outlet of the gas turbine 12 is connected with an inlet of a hot-side pipeline of the waste heat boiler 13, an outlet of the gas turbine 12 is respectively connected with inlets of hot-side pipelines of the low-pressure heat exchanger 8 and the high-pressure heat exchanger 6, and hot-side outlets of the high-pressure heat exchanger 6 and the low-pressure heat exchanger 8 are connected with hot-side inlets of an economizer part of the waste heat boiler 13; the outlet of the cooler 15 is connected with the inlet of a water pump 16; the outlet of the water pump 16 is connected with the cold side inlet of the waste heat boiler 13; a cold side outlet of the waste heat boiler 13 is connected with an inlet of a steam turbine 14; the outlet of the steam turbine 14 is connected to the inlet of the cooler 15.
The heat absorption unit adopts a methanol cracking reactor or a heat exchanger.
A fuel gas inlet of the combustion chamber 11 is respectively connected with a fuel source and a methanol source; a methanol pipeline connects a methanol source with a fuel inlet of the combustion chamber 11 through the first cracking reactor 2 and the second cracking reactor 4 respectively; and a flow regulating valve is arranged at the gas inlet.
As a preferred embodiment, the cracked gas outlets of the first cracking reactor 2 and the second cracking reactor 4 are provided with high selectivity methanol separation membranes, such as inorganic silica separation membranes or phenolic resin matrix carbon molecular sieve membranes.
Optionally, the high-pressure heat exchanger 6 and the low-pressure heat exchanger 8 are plate heat exchangers.
The waste heat boiler power generation unit comprises a waste heat boiler 13, a steam turbine 14, a cooler 15 and a water pump 16, wherein an outlet of the cooler 15 is connected with an inlet of the water pump 16, an outlet of the water pump 16 is connected with a cold side inlet of the waste heat boiler 13, and a cold side outlet of the waste heat boiler 13 is connected with an inlet of the steam turbine 14; the outlet of the steam turbine 14 is connected with the inlet of the cooler 15; the waste heat boiler 13 is roughly divided into three parts according to a heating temperature interval, namely a superheater part, an evaporator part and an economizer part; pressurized water at the outlet of the water pump 16 is preheated, evaporated and superheated in the waste heat boiler 13, enters the steam turbine 14 for expansion and energy release, steam or gas-liquid two phases after expansion are condensed into liquid in the cooler 15, liquid water at the outlet of the cooler 15 is pressurized in the water pump 16, and a flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler is also communicated with a heating medium inlet of the first cracking reactor and a heating medium inlet of the second cracking reactor; flue gas at the hot side outlet of the waste heat boiler 13 can be used for preheating methanol to be fed into the first cracking reactor 2 and the second cracking reactor 4.
Flow regulating valves are arranged on pipelines of the gas turbine 12, the outlet of which is connected with the waste heat boiler 13, the high-pressure heat exchanger 6 and the low-pressure heat exchanger 8, so that the flow of flue gas entering each part can be regulated.
The electric energy input ends of the low-pressure compressor 1 and the high-pressure compressor 3 are connected with the electric energy output ends of the gas turbine power generation unit and the waste heat boiler power generation unit or the electric energy output end of the renewable energy power generation system; the electric power for driving the low-pressure compressor 1 and the high-pressure compressor 3 may be generated by renewable energy sources or by a gas turbine 12 or a steam turbine 14.
The invention relates to an operation method of a peak shaving system with integrated circulation of compressed air and fuel gas steam, which comprises the following steps:
in the energy storage period, air is compressed by the low-pressure compressor 1, the compressed air enters the first cracking reactor 2 to release heat, then is compressed by the high-pressure compressor 3, the compressed air releases heat in the second cracking reactor 4, and the released air is stored in the air storage container 5. In the process, the methanol preheated by the flue gas at the hot side outlet of the waste heat boiler 13 respectively enters the first cracking reactor 2 and the second cracking reactor 4, the cracking reaction is completed by absorbing and compressing heat, the cracking gas in the first cracking reactor 2 and the second cracking reactor 4 is introduced into the combustion chamber 11 to be mixed and combusted with the high-pressure air from the air compressor 10, the combustion flue gas in the combustion chamber 11 drives the gas turbine 12 to run for power generation, the flue gas at the outlet of the gas turbine 12 enters the hot side inlet of the waste heat boiler 13 and sequentially passes through the superheater part, the evaporator part and the economizer part, and the flue gas at the hot side outlet of the waste heat boiler 13 is used for preheating the methanol which is about to enter the first cracking reactor 2 and the second cracking reactor 4; the pressurized water at the outlet of the water pump 16 is preheated, evaporated and superheated in the waste heat boiler 13, enters the steam turbine 14 for expansion and energy release, the expanded steam or gas-liquid two-phase is condensed into liquid in the cooler 15, and the liquid water at the outlet of the cooler 15 is pressurized in the water pump 16.
In the energy releasing period, fuel and high-pressure air from an air compressor 11 are mixed and combusted in a combustion chamber 11, smoke in the combustion chamber 11 drives a gas turbine 12 to operate and generate power, a small part of smoke at the outlet of the gas turbine 12 enters a waste heat boiler 13 to ensure the lowest power operation of steam circulation, the rest of smoke respectively enters hot sides of a high-pressure heat exchanger 6 and a low-pressure heat exchanger 8 to be used for heating the pressurized gas entering the high-pressure expander 7 and the low-pressure expander 9, the gas at the hot side of the high-pressure heat exchanger 6 and the low-pressure heat exchanger 8 enters an inlet at the hot side of an economizer of the waste heat boiler 13 to be used for preheating high-pressure water in steam circulation, and the smoke after heat release is discharged from an outlet at the hot side of the waste heat boiler 13. The pressurized water at the outlet of the water pump 16 is preheated, evaporated and superheated in the waste heat boiler 13, enters the steam turbine 14 for expansion and energy release, the expanded steam or gas-liquid two-phase is condensed into liquid in the cooler 15, and the liquid water at the outlet of the cooler 15 is pressurized in the water pump 16. High-pressure air in the air storage container 5 is heated in the high-pressure heat exchanger 6 and then enters the high-pressure expansion machine 7 to be expanded for power generation, air at the outlet of the high-pressure expansion machine 7 is heated in the low-pressure heat exchanger 8 and then enters the low-pressure expansion machine 9 to be expanded for power generation. Because the energy-releasing work capacity of the compressed air energy storage system is far greater than the work capacity of the steam cycle under the same heat supply, the total power generation capacity of the system is remarkably improved during energy release through the distribution and adjustment of the flue gas at the outlet of the gas turbine 12, and the demand of the power consumption peak period can be effectively met.
And in the rest period: the fuel and the high-pressure air from the air compressor 10 are mixed and combusted in the combustion chamber 11, the flue gas in the combustion chamber 11 drives the gas turbine 12 to operate and generate power, and the flue gas at the outlet of the gas turbine 12 enters the waste heat boiler 13 to release heat and then is discharged. The pressurized water at the outlet of the water pump 16 is preheated, evaporated and superheated in the waste heat boiler 13, enters the steam turbine 14 for expansion and energy release, the expanded steam or gas-liquid two-phase is condensed into liquid in the cooler 15, and the liquid water at the outlet of the cooler 15 is pressurized in the water pump 16. The compressed air energy storage portion is not operational.
In a preferred embodiment, the fuel source and methanol source flow at the fuel inlet of the combustor 11 is adjustable.
As a further optimization, the high selectivity methanol separation membrane at the cracked gas outlet in the first cracking reactor 2 and the second cracking reactor 4 can effectively separate the cracked gas and the methanol.
Flue gas at the hot side outlet of the waste heat boiler 13 can be used for preheating methanol which is about to enter the first cracking reactor 2 and the second cracking reactor 4 in the energy storage period; can be used for domestic hot water heat supply and the like in the energy release period and the rest period.
Compared with a compressed air energy storage system matched with a traditional power station, the compressed air energy storage system in the system avoids the use of high-cost heat storage equipment, and meanwhile, the compression heat of the air compressor is effectively recovered by utilizing the methanol cracking reaction, so that the energy quality is improved; compared with the traditional energy recovery or energy storage system for recovering compression heat by utilizing the methanol cracking reaction, the system has the advantages that the methanol cracking gas is directly used for fuel gas circulation, so that high cost and insecurity caused by cracking gas storage are avoided, meanwhile, the process of heat release or secondary heat exchange utilization before cracking gas storage is reduced, and heat waste or heat loss caused by heat exchange is reduced; the system combines the gas heat absorption expansion in the energy release process of the compressed air energy storage system with the tail gas heat utilization in the gas circulation, ensures that the compressed air energy storage system can release energy efficiently, obviously improves the electric energy output power by utilizing the tail gas heat in the gas circulation through steam circulation in the integrated system in a more common period, and realizes the power supply in a high-load period.
Actually, under the inspiration of the working mode of the energy release process, the invention also provides a power generation mode combining gas circulation and isothermal compressed gas circulation, in the traditional gas circulation power generation, in order to fully utilize the heat in the flue gas at the outlet of the gas turbine, the matched steam circulation carries out the power generation again, the matched steam circulation mainly considers that the temperature rise does not exist in the steam circulation pressurization process, so that the pressurized water can absorb the heat in the flue gas at the outlet of the gas turbine, if the matched general gas circulation is adopted, the gas compressed by the gas compressor can not fully absorb the heat in the flue gas at the outlet of the gas turbine due to the heat generated by the compression, and the isothermal gas compression is gradually applied along with the development of the compressed gas technology. A gas circulation and isothermal compression gas circulation combined power generation mode, the gas circulation still is that the outlet gas of an air compressor and fuel are mixed and burnt in a combustion chamber, and combustion flue gas enters a gas turbine to expand and release energy;
the isothermal compressed gas cycle working mode for absorbing the heat of the flue gas at the outlet of the gas turbine is as follows: the gas after isothermal compression absorbs the heat of the flue gas at the outlet of the gas turbine, the temperature rises, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas expands in the expander to release energy, and the gas after isothermal compression does not have the problem of heating and warming, and the compressed high-pressure gas can effectively absorb the heat of the flue gas at the outlet of the gas turbine for reutilization, so that the problem that the gas after compression cannot fully absorb the heat of the flue gas at the outlet of the gas turbine due to heating of compression in the traditional design is solved, and the power generation combining gas circulation and isothermal compression gas circulation is realized.
Claims (10)
1. A peak shaving system integrating compressed air and gas steam circulation is characterized by comprising a gas turbine power generation unit, a compressed air energy storage unit, a waste heat boiler power generation unit and a heat exchange unit; compressed air and fuel gas are connected into an inlet of the gas turbine power generation unit, a flue gas outlet of the gas turbine power generation unit is communicated with a flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler power generation unit and a hot side inlet of the heat exchange unit, and a hot side outlet of the heat exchange unit is communicated with an economizer of the waste heat boiler power generation unit; the compressed air energy storage unit comprises an air compressor set, an air storage container (5) and an expansion generator set which are sequentially communicated, a heat absorption unit is arranged between an air outlet of the air compressor set and the air storage container (5), an air outlet of the air storage container (5) is communicated with a cold side inlet of the heat exchange unit, and a cold side outlet of the heat exchange unit is communicated with a working medium inlet of the expansion generator set; and a flow regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline from the flue gas outlet of the gas turbine power generation unit to the power generation unit of the waste heat boiler and the heat exchange unit, and the flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler is communicated with the atmosphere.
2. The peak shaving system integrating compressed air and fuel gas steam circulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the low-pressure compressor (1) and the high-pressure compressor (3) of the air compressor set are connected, the exhaust port of the low-pressure compressor (1) of the air compressor set is connected with the first cracking reactor (2), the air inlet of the high-pressure compressor (3) is communicated with the air outlet of the first cracking reactor (2), the exhaust port of the high-pressure compressor (3) is connected with the second cracking reactor (4), and the air outlet of the second cracking reactor (4) is communicated with the air storage container (5); and the outlets of the output media of the first cracking reactor (2) and the second cracking reactor (4) are communicated with a gas inlet of a power generation unit of a gas turbine, and a flow regulating valve is arranged at the gas inlet.
3. The peak shaving system integrating compressed air and gas-steam circulation as claimed in claim 2, wherein the flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler is also communicated with the heating medium inlets of the first cracking reactor (2) and the second cracking reactor (4).
4. The peak shaving system integrating compressed air and fuel gas steam circulation as claimed in claim 2, wherein the cracked gas outlets of the first cracking reactor (2) and the second cracking reactor (4) are provided with high-selectivity methanol separation membranes, and the high-selectivity methanol separation membranes are inorganic silica separation membranes or phenolic resin matrix mixed carbon molecular sieve membranes.
5. The peak shaving system integrating compressed air and gas steam cycle according to claim 2, characterized in that the heat exchange unit comprises a high pressure heat exchanger (6) and a low pressure heat exchanger (8), and the expansion generator set comprises a high pressure expander (7) and a low pressure expander (9); the outlet of the gas storage container (5) is connected with the inlet of a high-pressure expander (7) through the cold side of a high-pressure heat exchanger (6), and the outlet of the high-pressure expander (7) is connected with the inlet of a low-pressure expander (9) through the cold side of a low-pressure heat exchanger (8); the high-pressure expander (7) and the low-pressure expander (9) are coaxially connected with a generator, and the high-pressure heat exchanger (6) and the low-pressure heat exchanger (8) adopt plate heat exchangers.
6. The peak shaving system integrating compressed air and gas steam circulation according to claim 2, characterized in that the waste heat boiler power generation unit comprises a waste heat boiler (13), a steam turbine (14), a cooler (15) and a water pump (16), wherein an outlet of the cooler (15) is connected with an inlet of the water pump (16), an outlet of the water pump (16) is connected with a cold side inlet of the waste heat boiler (13), and a cold side outlet of the waste heat boiler (13) is connected with an inlet of the steam turbine (14); the outlet of the steam turbine (14) is connected with the inlet of the cooler (15).
7. The peak shaving system integrating compressed air and gas steam cycle according to claim 2, characterized in that the power input ends of the low-pressure compressor (1) and the high-pressure compressor (3) are connected with the power output ends of the gas turbine power generation unit, the waste heat boiler power generation unit or the power output end of the renewable energy power generation system.
8. The method for operating a peak shaving system based on the integration of compressed air and gas steam cycle according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
the air is compressed by the compressor set and then enters the air storage container (5) for storage;
in the energy releasing and peak regulating stage of the compressed air energy storage unit, flue gas generated by gas power generation of the gas turbine power generation unit enters the waste heat boiler power generation unit and the heat exchange unit to push the waste heat boiler power generation unit to keep the lowest load work, meanwhile, compressed air in the air storage container (5) enters the heat exchange unit, the flue gas heats the compressed air in the heat exchange unit, the compressed air is heated and then enters the expansion generator set to expand to do work to generate power, and the air which does work is discharged to the atmosphere; the flue gas at the outlet of the heat exchange unit enters the hot-side inlet of the economizer of the waste heat boiler; and discharging flue gas of the waste heat boiler power generation unit or discharging the flue gas after heat recovery.
9. The operation method according to claim 8, characterized in that the exhaust gas of the low-pressure compressor (1) enters the first cracking reactor (2) for releasing heat and then enters the high-pressure compressor (3), the air compressed by the high-pressure compressor (3) enters the second cracking reactor (4) for releasing heat and then enters the air storage container (5), meanwhile, the flue gas at the outlet of the hot side of the exhaust-heat boiler power generation unit preheats the methanol which is about to enter the first cracking reactor (2) and the second cracking reactor (4) respectively, the methanol is subjected to endothermic cracking in the first cracking reactor (2) and the second cracking reactor (4) to generate cracked gas, and the cracked gas enters the gas turbine power generation unit for combustion to do work.
10. The operating method according to claim 8, characterized in that the flue gas of the waste heat boiler power generation unit is used for preheating methanol or for heating domestic hot water.
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