CN114835092A - 一种球形氮化硼导热材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种球形氮化硼导热材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 9
- JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;oxygen(2-);yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Y+3] JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910019901 yttrium aluminum garnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000347 yttrium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RTAYJOCWVUTQHB-UHFFFAOYSA-H yttrium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Y+3].[Y+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RTAYJOCWVUTQHB-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitrate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OBOSXEWFRARQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n,2-n-dimethylpyridine-2,5-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(N)C=N1 OBOSXEWFRARQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NGDQQLAVJWUYSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-thiazole-5-sulfonyl chloride Chemical compound S1C(S(Cl)(=O)=O)=C(C)N=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 NGDQQLAVJWUYSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSEYYGFJBLWFGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylsulfanyl-2-[(2-methylsulfanylpyridine-3-carbonyl)amino]butanoic acid Chemical compound CSCCC(C(O)=O)NC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1SC HSEYYGFJBLWFGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 iron aluminate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000358 iron sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JESHZQPNPCJVNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;sulfite Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]S([O-])=O JESHZQPNPCJVNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012536 packaging technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/06—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron
- C01B21/064—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron with boron
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种球形氮化硼导热材料及其制备方法,将一部分六方氮化硼粉末分散在含有表面活性剂的去离子水中,得到悬浮液A;向悬浮液A中加入金属无机盐I,混合均匀后过滤,得到潮湿粉末B;将另一部分六方氮化硼粉末分散在硝酸水溶液中,超声后转入过氧化氢水溶液中处理,滤出后用去离子水冲洗、烘干待用;取金属无机盐II溶于去离子水中,然后加入得到的烘干粉末,混合均匀后过滤,得到潮湿粉末C;将潮湿粉末B和潮湿粉末C一同加入到去离子水中,搅拌均匀后得到混合液D;向混合液D中加入聚乙烯醇水溶液,混合均匀后进行喷雾干燥,得到粉体;将得到的粉体在氧气气氛下煅烧,然后转入惰性气氛中烧结,即得。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及无机非金属导热绝缘材料领域,具体为一种球形氮化硼导热材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
在集成技术与微电子技术封装技术的大力发展下,电子元器件逐渐趋向于小型化,但是总功率密度在不断地增大,由于效率的限制,这些电子元器件所消耗的大部分能量通常转化为了热能,所产生的热能迅速累积,导致电子元器件周围的热流密度也在增加,所以如果不及时将热量导出,高温环境必将影响电子元器件的性能,严重的还可引发火灾。因此散热是现代电子元器件的核心问题之一。
六方氮化硼作为唯一稳定存在于自然界的氮化硼相,呈白色,又因其具有类似于石墨的层状结构特征和晶格参数,故又称白色石墨。在六方氮化硼的结构中,层内是由sp3杂化的B和N交替排列成六角形的蜂巢结构,层间以ABABAB堆垛的方式进行紧密排列的,层间距为0.333nm。h-BN的晶格常数为a=b=0.2504nm,c=0.6652nm,沿c轴方向原子层间距较大,层间易于滑动,因此,h-BN具有较好的润滑性能。在机械方面,六方氮化硼高达~300Wm-1K-1的热导率、~0.85TPa的杨氏模量和~70GPa的断裂强度,在散热领域有重要应用。
六方氮化硼作为二维层状材料,具有较高的纵横比。在作为导热填料应用时,六方氮化硼更倾向于平行对齐,并且在平行方向上高度接触。因此,导热复合材料往往表现出各向异性的导热性能,平行方向的导热性能要优于垂直方向。而球形填料则具有各向同性的导热性能,在相同填充量下,更容易在复合材料中构建3D导热网络。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术的不足,提供一种球形氮化硼导热材料及其制备方法,以同时提升球形氮化硼导热系数。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案如下:
一种球形氮化硼导热材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将一部分六方氮化硼粉末I分散在含有表面活性剂的去离子水中,得到悬浮液A;
(2)向悬浮液A中加入金属无机盐I,混合均匀后过滤,得到潮湿粉末B;
(3)将另一部分六方氮化硼粉末II分散在硝酸水溶液中,超声后用去离子水洗涤过滤至中性后加入到过氧化氢水溶液中处理,滤出后用去离子水冲洗、烘干待用;
(4)取金属无机盐II溶于去离子水中,然后加入步骤(3)得到的烘干粉末,混合均匀后过滤,得到潮湿粉末C;
(5)将潮湿粉末B和潮湿粉末C一同加入到去离子水中,搅拌均匀后得到混合液D;
(6)向步骤(5)混合液D中加入聚乙烯醇水溶液,混合均匀后进行喷雾干燥,得到粉体;
(7)将步骤(6)得到的粉体在氧气气氛下煅烧,然后转入惰性气氛中烧结,即得。
优选地,步骤(1)中,所述表面活性剂为烷基苯磺酸盐、α-烯烃磺酸盐、烷基磺酸盐中的任意一种或多种,表面活性剂在去离子水中的质量百分比为1~3%;悬浮液A中,六方氮化硼粉末I的质量分数为10~30%。
优选地,步骤(2)中,所述金属无机盐I为含铝或镁的金属无机盐中的一种或两种以上的混合,优选自硫酸铝、硝酸铝、氯化铝、铝酸钠、硫酸铝铵、硫酸镁、硫酸亚镁、氯化镁、硝酸镁中的至少一种;
金属无机盐I按照质量百分比为1~10%加入悬浮液A中。
优选地,步骤(3)中,所述硝酸水溶液的浓度为30~65wt%,硝酸水溶液与六方氮化硼粉末II的质量比为5:1~20:1;所述过氧化氢水溶液的浓度为10~35wt%,过氧化氢水溶液与六方氮化硼粉末II的质量比为5:1~20:1。
优选地,步骤(4)中,所述金属无机盐II为含铁、锌或钇的金属无机盐中的一种或两种以上的混合,优选自硫酸铁、硝酸铁、氯化铁、铝酸铁、硫酸锆、氯化锆、硝酸锆,硫酸钇、氯化钇、硝酸钇中的至少一种;
金属无机盐II按照质量百分比为1~10%加入去离子水中;步骤(3)得到的烘干粉末与金属无机盐II的质量比为1:1~1:10。
优选地,步骤(5)中,潮湿粉末B和潮湿粉末C分别按照质量百分比为10~30%加入到去离子水中,且金属无机盐I与金属无机盐II的质量比为3:1~1:3。
优选地,步骤(6)中,所述聚乙烯醇水溶液中聚乙烯醇的质量浓度为3~5%;聚乙烯醇水溶液按照质量分数为1~5%加入到混合液D中。
优选地,步骤(7)中,所述煅烧的工艺条件为:氧气气氛下,从室温以1~5℃/min的速率升温至280~350℃,保温15~60min,以1~5℃/min的速率升温至600~900℃,保温2~24h后自然冷却至室温。
优选地,步骤(7)中,所述烧结的工艺条件为:惰性气氛下,以1~3℃/min的速率从室温升温至100℃,保温10~60min,以1~3℃/min的速率从100℃升温至300~400℃,保温10~60min,以3~10℃/min的速率升温至900~1200℃,保温10~60min,以3~10℃/min的速率升温至1500~1800℃,保温2~6h后自然冷却至室温。
进一步地,采用上述制备方法制备得到的球形氮化硼导热材料也在本发明的保护范围中。
有益效果:
本发明利用阴离子表面活性剂磺酸盐对氮化硼进行处理,阴离子表面活性剂可结合金属无机盐,为后面氮化硼片层搭接处生长金属氧化物做了铺垫。采用硝酸和过氧化氢对氮化硼进行处理,在边缘处获得更多活性位点,使得氮化硼和金属无机盐能很好地结合在一起,为后面氮化硼片层搭接处生长金属氧化物做了铺垫。首次通过在氮化硼片层生长出的金属氧化物之间可以进一步反应生成氧化物,构建导热通路,提升球形氮化硼的导热性能,同时又提升了球形复合材料的机械强度。本发明涉及到的原料易获得,制备工艺简单,适用于大规模工业化生产。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做更进一步的具体说明,本发明的上述和/或其他方面的优点将会变得更加清楚。
图1是实施例1球形氮化硼/钇铝石榴石复合材料的XRD图。
图2是实施例1球形氮化硼/钇铝石榴石复合材料的SEM图。
图3是实施例1球形氮化硼/钇铝石榴石复合材料的mapping图。
具体实施方式
根据下述实施例,可以更好地理解本发明。
实施例1~8
本发明实施例球形氮化硼导热填料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将一部分六方氮化硼粉末I分散在含有表面活性剂的去离子水中,得到悬浮液A;
(2)向悬浮液A中加入金属无机盐I,常温下搅拌混合均匀后过滤,但不冲洗,得到潮湿粉末B;
(3)将另一部分六方氮化硼粉末II分散在硝酸水溶液(65wt%)中,超声处理6h后用去离子水洗涤过滤至中性后加入到过氧化氢水溶液(35wt%)中处理1h,滤出后用去离子水冲洗、烘干待用;
(4)取金属无机盐II溶于去离子水中,然后加入步骤(3)得到的烘干粉末,常温下搅拌,混合均匀后过滤,但不冲洗,得到潮湿粉末C;
(5)将潮湿粉末B和潮湿粉末C一同加入到去离子水中,搅拌均匀后得到混合液D;
(6)向步骤(5)混合液D中加入聚乙烯醇水溶液(3wt%),混合均匀后进行喷雾干燥,得到粉体;
(7)将步骤(6)得到的粉体在氧气气氛下煅烧,然后转入惰性气氛中烧结,即得。
其中,六方氮化硼粉末I和六方氮化硼粉末II没有区别,只是分成两个部分分别反应得到粉末B和粉末C。
煅烧的升温程序为:从室温以5℃/min的速率升温至300℃,保温30min,从300℃以3℃/min的速率升温至900℃,保温6~24h后自然冷却至室温。
烧结的升温程序为:以1℃/min的速率从室温升温至100℃,保温30min,以2℃/min的速率从100℃升温至320℃,保温30min,以5℃/min的速率从320℃升温至1000℃,保温30min,以5℃/min的速率从1000℃升温至1500~1800℃,保温2~4h后自然冷却至室温。
对比例1
(1)将一部分六方氮化硼粉末I分散在含有表面活性剂的去离子水中,常温下搅拌混合均匀后过滤,但不冲洗,得到潮湿粉末A;
(2)将另一部分六方氮化硼粉末II分散在硝酸水溶液(65wt%)中,超声处理6h后用去离子水洗涤过滤至中性后加入到过氧化氢水溶液(35wt%)中处理1h,滤出后用去离子水冲洗、烘干得到粉末B;
(3)将潮湿粉末A和粉末B一同加入到去离子水中,搅拌均匀后得到混合液C;
(4)向步骤(3)混合液D中加入聚乙烯醇水溶液(3wt%),混合均匀后进行喷雾干燥,得到粉体;
(5)将步骤(4)得到的粉体在氧气气氛下煅烧,然后转入惰性气氛中烧结,即得。
其中,六方氮化硼粉末I和六方氮化硼粉末II没有区别,只是分成两个部分分别反应得到潮湿粉末A和粉末B。
煅烧的升温程序为:从室温以5℃/min的速率升温至300℃,保温30min,从300℃以3℃/min的速率升温至900℃,保温6~24h后自然冷却至室温。
烧结的升温程序为:以1℃/min的速率从室温升温至100℃,保温30min,以2℃/min的速率从100℃升温至320℃,保温30min,以5℃/min的速率从320℃升温至1000℃,保温30min,以5℃/min的速率从1000℃升温至1500~1800℃,保温2~4h后自然冷却至室温。
实施例1~8制备方法的主要参数见表1。针对界面导热材料的最终产品进行导热系数测试,实验数据如下表1所示。导热系数的测试方法为热流法。
表1
通过表1可知:本发明提供的实施例球形氮化硼/钇铝石榴石复合材料与市售球形氮化硼相比具有更高的导热性能。主要原因是生长的金属氧化物提供了导热通路,导热性能更好。
结合图1和图3中可知,添加的金属无机盐硫酸铝和硫酸钇经过煅烧与烧结处理后,生成了钇铝石榴石晶体,该晶体在氮化硼片层接触处提供了导热通路,大大提升了球形氮化硼/钇铝石榴石复合材料的导热性能。此外,图2表明,制备的球形氮化硼/钇铝石榴石复合材料具有致密的结构,且表面存在的突出棒状物可相互搭接增加导热通路和机械强度。
本发明提供了一种球形氮化硼导热材料及其制备方法的思路及方法,具体实现该技术方案的方法和途径很多,以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。本实施例中未明确的各组成部分均可用现有技术加以实现。
Claims (10)
1.一种球形氮化硼导热材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将一部分六方氮化硼粉末I分散在含有表面活性剂的去离子水中,得到悬浮液A;
(2)向悬浮液A中加入金属无机盐I,混合均匀后过滤,得到潮湿粉末B;
(3)将另一部分六方氮化硼粉末II分散在硝酸水溶液中,超声后用去离子水洗涤过滤至中性后加入到过氧化氢水溶液中处理,滤出后用去离子水冲洗、烘干待用;
(4)取金属无机盐II溶于去离子水中,然后加入步骤(3)得到的烘干粉末,混合均匀后过滤,得到潮湿粉末C;
(5)将潮湿粉末B和潮湿粉末C一同加入到去离子水中,搅拌均匀后得到混合液D;
(6)向步骤(5)混合液D中加入聚乙烯醇水溶液,混合均匀后进行喷雾干燥,得到粉体;
(7)将步骤(6)得到的粉体在氧气气氛下煅烧,然后转入惰性气氛中烧结,即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的球形氮化硼导热材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述表面活性剂为烷基苯磺酸盐、α-烯烃磺酸盐、烷基磺酸盐中的任意一种或多种,表面活性剂在去离子水中的质量百分比为1~3%;悬浮液A中,六方氮化硼粉末I的质量分数为10~30%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的球形氮化硼导热材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述金属无机盐I为含铝或镁的金属无机盐中的一种或两种以上的混合,金属无机盐I按照质量百分比为1~10%加入悬浮液A中。
4.根据权利要求1所述的球形氮化硼导热材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述硝酸水溶液的浓度为30~65wt%,硝酸水溶液与六方氮化硼粉末II的质量比为5:1~20:1;所述过氧化氢水溶液的浓度为10~35wt%,过氧化氢水溶液与六方氮化硼粉末II的质量比为5:1~20:1。
5.根据权利要求1所述的球形氮化硼导热材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中,所述金属无机盐II为含铁、锌或钇的金属无机盐中的一种或两种以上的混合,金属无机盐II按照质量百分比为1~10%加入去离子水中;步骤(3)得到的烘干粉末与金属无机盐II的质量比为1:1~1:10。
6.根据权利要求1所述的球形氮化硼导热材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(5)中,潮湿粉末B和潮湿粉末C分别按照质量百分比为10~30%加入到去离子水中,且金属无机盐I与金属无机盐II的质量比为3:1~1:3。
7.根据权利要求1所述的球形氮化硼导热材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(6)中,所述聚乙烯醇水溶液中聚乙烯醇的质量浓度为3~5%;聚乙烯醇水溶液按照质量分数为1~5%加入到混合液D中。
8.根据权利要求1所述的球形氮化硼导热材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(7)中,所述煅烧的工艺条件为:氧气气氛下,从室温以1~5℃/min的速率升温至280~350℃,保温15~60min,以1~5℃/min的速率升温至600~900℃,保温2~24h后自然冷却至室温。
9.根据权利要求1所述的球形氮化硼导热材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(7)中,所述烧结的工艺条件为:惰性气氛下,以1~3℃/min的速率从室温升温至100℃,保温10~60min,以1~3℃/min的速率从100℃升温至300~400℃,保温10~60min,以3~10℃/min的速率升温至900~1200℃,保温10~60min,以3~10℃/min的速率升温至1500~1800℃,保温2~6h后自然冷却至室温。
10.权利要求1~9中任意一项制备方法,制备得到的球形氮化硼导热材料。
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