CN114807733B - Method for connecting and fixing high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part and metal part - Google Patents
Method for connecting and fixing high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part and metal part Download PDFInfo
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- CN114807733B CN114807733B CN202210509883.3A CN202210509883A CN114807733B CN 114807733 B CN114807733 B CN 114807733B CN 202210509883 A CN202210509883 A CN 202210509883A CN 114807733 B CN114807733 B CN 114807733B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0242—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy using the impregnating technique
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for connecting and fixing a high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part and a metal part, which adopts an electric welding method to realize the connection of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part and the metal part to be connected, wherein the mass of carbon element in the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part accounts for 6-10% of the total mass of the part, and molybdenum and nickel exist in unavoidable impurity forms. The special powder is mixed and processed into a porous green body, and then the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part is prepared by utilizing the liquid forging and infiltration process. The invention can realize the direct connection of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron component and other metal components to be connected by an electric welding method, greatly promotes the use of the high-chromium cast iron, and effectively expands the practical application range of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron. Under the same hardness and the same wear resistance, the addition of noble metals such as molybdenum, nickel and the like can be canceled, thereby greatly reducing the material cost of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for realizing connection between cast iron and other metal parts, in particular to a method for connecting and fixing high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron and metal parts.
Background
The high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron material is widely used as a third-generation wear-resistant material, about 30% of carbide exists in the material, a matrix is mainly martensite, the structural distortion energy is large, the beneficial factors of crack propagation are many, once thermal stress exists, the cracking probability is very high, long-term knowledge of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron material in the industry generally considers that the thermal stress is concentrated at a welding seam due to heat concentration during electric welding, the cracking of the material reaches 100%, and in order to improve the hard, brittle and thermal stress performances of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron material, sufficient noble nonferrous metals such as nickel, molybdenum and the like are generally added during preparation, but the nonferrous metals have high cost and low reserves, the matrix crystal structure of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron is not fundamentally changed, the structural distortion energy is still higher, the hardness and toughness value of the cast iron are not obviously improved, and particularly the problems of failure, scrapping and the like caused by uneven heating of the material cannot be obviously solved. Therefore, the common knowledge in the industry is that the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron material is not suitable for the electric welding operation, and is a material which can not be directly welded. In order to solve the problem of combining the wear-resistant material with other parts to enable the wear-resistant material to play a wear-resistant function, a method for welding the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron material with a common carbon steel plate through vacuum copper brazing is proposed, and then the double-layer material of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron material and the common carbon steel plate is assembled on mining machinery through electric welding by an electric welding method, so that the aim of wear resistance is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for connecting and fixing high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron and metal parts, which can realize the connection and fixation of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron parts and other metal parts to be connected directly by adopting electric welding, and can greatly reduce the material cost. The scheme of the invention is as follows.
A method for connecting and fixing a high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part and a metal part comprises the steps of adopting an electric welding method to enable the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part and the metal part to be connected to realize connection and fixing, wherein the mass of carbon element in the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part accounts for 6-10% of the total mass of the part, the mass content of nickel element is less than 10ppm, the mass content of molybdenum element is less than 10ppm, and the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part is prepared according to the following steps,
step (1): mixing carbon powder, iron powder, high-carbon ferrochromium powder, a binder and a pore-forming agent according to a certain proportion for at least 20 hours;
step (2): placing the powder mixed in the step (1) in a die, pressing the powder, and performing heat treatment for a certain time to obtain a porous green body, wherein the porosity of the porous green body is 25-40%;
step (3): placing the porous blank body prepared in the step (2) in a liquid forging die, pouring the pre-melted common high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron burden which is completely liquid and is not added with nickel and molybdenum into a die cavity, standing, closing the die by a device for applying pressure, maintaining the die closing pressure for a certain time at 200-400 tons, applying pressure to at least 800 tons until the liquid high-chromium cast iron burden in the die is solidified, cooling to room temperature, and taking out from the die to obtain the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part.
To increase the yield of the welding operation, experiments have found that the high-chromium white cast iron parts produced are less susceptible to cracking under the following conditions:
(1) In the step (1) of the step of preparing the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part, the mass ratio of carbon powder, iron powder, high-carbon ferrochrome powder, binder and pore-forming agent is as follows: (6-10): (36-70): (10-50): (0.5-1): (1-5);
(2) In the step (2) of the step of preparing the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part, the heat treatment temperature is 1200-1300 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 16-26 hours;
(3) In the step (3) of the step of preparing the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part, the standing time is at least 5 seconds, and the certain time of maintaining the die assembly pressure is 5-10 seconds.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the carbon content (mass percent) of the existing high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron material is generally 2-3.5%, and the maximum carbon content is 3.8-4.0%. This is because if the carbon content is increased again, the carbide content in the material (mainly the chromium carbide of carbon 3 chromium 7 and the chromium carbide of carbon 1 chromium 1) will exceed 40%, and the high-chromium cast iron will be in a brittle zone, not only not wear-resistant but also easily flaked off over a large area, and not practical, so the carbon content of the existing high-chromium white cast iron material has a well-known upper limit value in the industry. The carbon content of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part reaches 6% -10%, which is far higher than the limit (4%) of the carbon content of the existing high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part, and the gold phase diagram of the material shows that the carbide formed by carbon and chromium (mainly the chromium carbide of carbon 3 chromium 7 and the chromium carbide of carbon 1 chromium 1) in the material is completely in granular dispersion distribution, and the carbide and a martensitic or austenitic matrix of the material are all in fine particle distribution, and the grain boundary is clean, so that the bonding force among grains is strong, macroscopic slag holes and pores are avoided, and the splitting condition of the carbide to the matrix can be greatly weakened; the thermal conductivity of the material is sharply reduced, and crack propagation can be sharply reduced, so that the problem that the material is extremely easy to crack when heat is gathered is effectively solved, the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part can be connected and fixed with other metal parts to be connected by an electric welding method, the composite part is not required to be obtained by other methods and then is connected with the metal parts to be connected, the use of the high-chromium cast iron is greatly promoted, and the practical application range of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron is effectively widened.
2. The invention adopts unique powder to mix and process into a porous blank, and then utilizes the liquid forging and infiltration process to prepare the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron component, which not only can achieve the ultra-high carbon content of 6% -10%, but also does not need to add nonferrous metals such as nickel, molybdenum and the like, and the prepared component basically does not contain nonferrous metal elements such as nickel, molybdenum and the like, and can cancel the addition of noble metals such as molybdenum, nickel and the like under the same hardness and the same wear resistance, thereby greatly reducing the material cost of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic micrograph of a high chromium white cast iron part of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the welded connection between a high-chromium white cast iron part and a steel plate according to example 1.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron is obtained by the following steps:
step (1): mixing carbon powder, iron powder, high-carbon ferrochromium powder, binder paraffin and pore-forming agent plastic particles for 20 hours, wherein the mass ratio of the materials is as follows: 6:80:10:0.5:0.5;
step (2): placing the powder mixed in the step (1) in a die for pressing, and performing heat treatment at 1300 ℃ for 26 hours to obtain a porous green body, wherein the porosity of the porous green body is 35-40%;
step (3): placing the porous blank body obtained in the step (2) in a liquid forging die, pouring a pre-melted common high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron furnace burden without adding nickel and molybdenum (the temperature of the furnace burden is 1400 ℃) into a die cavity, standing for 5 seconds, closing the die by a device for applying pressure, maintaining the closing pressure of 200 tons for 5 seconds, then applying pressure of at least 800 tons to the die until the liquid high-chromium cast iron furnace burden in the die is solidified, cooling to room temperature, and taking out from the die to obtain the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part. According to detection, each carbon element of the component accounts for 6% of the total mass of the component; the mass content of nickel element is <10ppm, the mass content of molybdenum element is <10ppm, and the equivalent existence of impurities is considered; the Rockwell hardness HRC of the part was 63 and the toughness value was 6J. When the prepared high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part is observed by a metallographic microscope, a golden phase diagram is shown as a figure 1, and the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron is seen from the golden phase diagram, and carbides of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron are dispersed in a matrix in a granular form.
The experimental result of testing whether the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part can be directly and fixedly connected with the steel plate by electric welding is shown in fig. 2, and the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part 1 prepared by the method realizes the fixed connection with the steel plate 2 by electric welding, thereby completely achieving the purpose of the invention.
Example 2
The high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron is obtained by the following steps:
step (1): mixing carbon powder, iron powder, high-carbon ferrochromium powder, binder paraffin and pore-forming agent plastic particles for 30 hours, wherein the mass ratio of the materials is as follows: 10:45:40:1:1;
step (2): placing the powder mixed in the step (1) in a die for pressing, and performing heat treatment at 1200 ℃ for 26 hours to obtain a porous green body, wherein the porosity of the porous green body is 25-29%;
step (3): placing the porous blank body obtained in the step (2) in a liquid forging die, pouring a pre-melted common high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron furnace burden without adding nickel and molybdenum (the temperature of the furnace burden is 1400 ℃) into a die cavity, standing for 8 seconds, closing the die by a device for applying pressure, keeping the closing pressure of 200 tons for 10 seconds, then applying pressure of at least 800 tons to the die until the liquid high-chromium cast iron furnace burden in the die is solidified, cooling to room temperature, and taking out from the die to obtain the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part. According to detection, each carbon element of the part accounts for 10% of the total mass of the part, the mass content of nickel element is less than 10ppm, the mass content of molybdenum element is less than 10ppm, and the part is considered to be the equivalent existence of impurities; the Rockwell hardness HRC of the part was 66 and the toughness value was 5J.
The high-chromium white abrasion-resistant cast iron part is directly fixed on a part which is needed to resist abrasion by electric welding on a trough by adopting the prepared high-chromium white abrasion-resistant cast iron part, so that the high-chromium cast iron part is connected and fixed with the trough, and the aim of enhancing abrasion resistance is fulfilled.
Example 3
The high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron is obtained by the following steps:
step (1): mixing carbon powder, iron powder, high-carbon ferrochromium powder, binder paraffin and pore-forming agent plastic particles for 30 hours, wherein the mass ratio of the materials is as follows: 7:58:29:1:2;
step (2): placing the powder mixed in the step (1) in a die for pressing, and performing heat treatment at 1200 ℃ for 16 hours to obtain a porous green body, wherein the porosity of the porous green body is 30-32%;
step (3): placing the porous blank body obtained in the step (2) in a liquid forging die, pouring a pre-melted common high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron furnace burden without adding nickel and molybdenum (the temperature of the furnace burden is 1400 ℃) into a die cavity, standing for 10 seconds, closing the die by a device for applying pressure, maintaining the closing pressure of 200 tons for 8 seconds, then applying pressure of at least 800 tons to the die until the liquid high-chromium cast iron furnace burden in the die is solidified, cooling to room temperature, and taking out from the die to obtain the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part. According to detection, each carbon element of the part accounts for 7% of the total mass of the part, the mass content of nickel element is less than 10ppm, and the mass content of molybdenum element is less than 10ppm, and is regarded as the equivalent existence of impurities; the Rockwell hardness HRC of the part was 62 and the toughness value was 7J.
On engineering machinery, the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part is directly fixed on a required wear-resistant part by electric welding, so that the high-chromium cast iron part is connected and fixed with the engineering machinery, and the aim of enhancing wear resistance is fulfilled.
Claims (1)
1. A method for connecting and fixing a high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part and a metal part is characterized by comprising the following steps: the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part is connected and fixed with the metal part to be connected by adopting an electric welding method, the mass of carbon element in the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part accounts for 6-10% of the total mass of the part, the mass content of nickel element is less than 10ppm, the mass content of molybdenum element is less than 10ppm, and the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part is prepared by the following steps,
step (1): carbon powder, iron powder, high-carbon ferrochromium powder, a binder and a pore-forming agent are mixed according to the following proportion (6-10): (36-70): 10-50): 0.5-1): 1-5 mass ratio, mixing for at least 20 hours;
step (2): placing the powder mixed in the step (1) into a die, pressing, and then carrying out heat treatment at the temperature of 1200-1300 ℃ for 16-26 hours to obtain a porous green body, wherein the porosity of the porous green body is 25-40%;
step (3): placing the porous blank body prepared in the step (2) in a liquid forging die, pouring the pre-melted common high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron burden which is completely liquid and is not added with nickel and molybdenum into a die cavity, closing the die by a device for applying pressure at least for 5 seconds, maintaining the die closing pressure of 200-400 tons for 5-10 seconds, applying pressure of at least 800 tons to the die after the die closing pressure is maintained for 5-10 seconds until the liquid high-chromium cast iron burden in the die is solidified, cooling to room temperature, and taking out from the die to obtain the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part.
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| RU2007465C1 (en) * | 1990-06-04 | 1994-02-15 | Балашов Виктор Фадеевич | Process of production of high-chrome white wear-resistant cast irons |
| JP2007030037A (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-08 | Jfe Steel Kk | Manufacturing method of cast iron article with excellent wear resistance |
| EP2351865A1 (en) * | 2004-10-27 | 2011-08-03 | Global Tough Alloys Pty Ltd | Improved wear resitant alloy |
| CN109957703A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-07-02 | 荆州市巨鲸传动机械有限公司 | A kind of abrasion-resistant cast high-chromium white cast iron |
| CN113560540A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-29 | 太原理工大学 | Method for preparing ZTA ceramic particle reinforced high-chromium cast iron based wear-resistant composite material |
| CN113579208A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-02 | 南通理工学院 | Preparation method of high-chromium cast iron-based ceramic composite grinding roller |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8403036D0 (en) * | 1984-02-04 | 1984-03-07 | Sheepbridge Equipment Ltd | Cast iron alloys |
| CN102534356A (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2012-07-04 | 驻马店市永诚耐磨材料有限公司 | Wear-resistant white cast iron material and preparation method thereof |
| DE102017203076A1 (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-08-30 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Composite materials with very high wear resistance |
| CN113292318A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-08-24 | 西安理工大学 | Preparation method of ZTA/high-chromium cast iron composite wear-resistant material |
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Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1371948A (en) * | 1972-02-29 | 1974-10-30 | Moore W H | Abrasion-resistant cast iron |
| RU2007465C1 (en) * | 1990-06-04 | 1994-02-15 | Балашов Виктор Фадеевич | Process of production of high-chrome white wear-resistant cast irons |
| EP2351865A1 (en) * | 2004-10-27 | 2011-08-03 | Global Tough Alloys Pty Ltd | Improved wear resitant alloy |
| JP2007030037A (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-08 | Jfe Steel Kk | Manufacturing method of cast iron article with excellent wear resistance |
| CN109957703A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-07-02 | 荆州市巨鲸传动机械有限公司 | A kind of abrasion-resistant cast high-chromium white cast iron |
| CN113560540A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-29 | 太原理工大学 | Method for preparing ZTA ceramic particle reinforced high-chromium cast iron based wear-resistant composite material |
| CN113579208A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-02 | 南通理工学院 | Preparation method of high-chromium cast iron-based ceramic composite grinding roller |
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