CN114807733A - Method for connecting and fixing high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part and metal part - Google Patents
Method for connecting and fixing high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part and metal part Download PDFInfo
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- CN114807733A CN114807733A CN202210509883.3A CN202210509883A CN114807733A CN 114807733 A CN114807733 A CN 114807733A CN 202210509883 A CN202210509883 A CN 202210509883A CN 114807733 A CN114807733 A CN 114807733A
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- cast iron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0242—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy using the impregnating technique
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for connecting and fixing a high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part and a metal part, which is characterized in that the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part is connected with the metal part to be connected by adopting an electric welding method, the mass of carbon elements in the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part accounts for 6-10% of the total mass of the part, and molybdenum and nickel exist in the form of inevitable impurities. The high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part is prepared by adopting a unique powder mixing processing method to prepare a porous blank and utilizing a liquid forging and infiltration process. The invention can realize the direct connection of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part and other metal parts to be connected by an electric welding method, greatly promotes the use of the high-chromium cast iron, and effectively enlarges the actual application range of the wear-resistant part of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron. Under the same hardness and the same wear resistance, the addition of noble metals such as molybdenum, nickel and the like can be omitted, so that the material cost of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for realizing connection between cast iron and other metal parts, in particular to a method for connecting and fixing high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron and metal parts.
Background
The high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron material is widely used as a third-generation wear-resistant material, because about 30 percent of carbide exists in the material, a matrix mainly comprises martensite, the structure distortion energy is large, the favorable factors of crack propagation are many, once thermal stress exists, the probability of cracking is very high, long-term industry understanding of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron material generally considers that because heat is concentrated at a welding seam during electric welding, the thermal stress is concentrated, the cracking of the material reaches 100 percent, in order to improve the properties of hard, brittle and thermal stress of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron material, enough precious nonferrous metals such as nickel, molybdenum and the like are generally added during preparation, but because the nonferrous metals have high cost and low reserve, the matrix crystal structure of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron is not fundamentally changed, the structure distortion energy is still high, and the hardness and toughness values of the cast iron are not obviously improved, particularly, the problems of failure, scrappage and the like of the material caused by uneven heating cannot be obviously solved. Therefore, it is well known that the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron material is not suitable for direct electric welding operation, and is a material which can not be directly welded. In order to solve the problem of combining the wear-resistant material with other parts to enable the wear-resistant material to play a wear-resistant function, a method for welding a high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron material with a common carbon steel plate by a vacuum copper brazing method and then assembling the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron material and the common carbon steel plate on mining machinery by electric welding to achieve the wear-resistant purpose is proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for connecting and fixing high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron and a metal part, which can realize that the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part is directly connected and fixed with other metal parts to be connected by electric welding and can greatly reduce the material cost. The scheme of the invention is as follows.
A method for connecting and fixing a high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part and a metal part comprises the steps of enabling the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part to be connected and fixed with the metal part to be connected by an electric welding method, enabling the mass of carbon in the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part to be 6-10% of the total mass of the part, enabling the mass content of nickel to be less than 10ppm, enabling the mass content of molybdenum to be less than 10ppm, and preparing the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part by the following steps,
the step (1): mixing carbon powder, iron powder, high-carbon ferrochromium powder, a binder and a pore-forming agent according to a certain proportion for at least 20 hours;
step (2): placing the mixed powder obtained in the step (1) in a die to be pressed, and then carrying out heat treatment for a certain time to obtain a porous blank body, wherein the porosity of the porous blank body is 25-40%;
step (3): and (3) placing the porous blank prepared in the step (2) into a liquid forging die, pouring the totally liquid pre-melted high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron furnace charge without nickel and molybdenum into a die cavity, standing, closing the die by a pressure applying device, keeping the die closing pressure of 200-400 tons for a certain time, applying at least 800 tons of pressure to the furnace charge until the liquid high-chromium cast iron furnace charge in the die is solidified, cooling to room temperature, and taking out of the die to obtain the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part.
In order to improve the yield of the electric welding operation, experiments show that the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part prepared is less prone to cracking under the following conditions:
(1) in the step (1) of the step of preparing the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part, the mass ratio of the carbon powder, the iron powder, the high-carbon ferrochrome powder, the binder and the pore-forming agent is as follows: (6-10): (36 to 70), (10 to 50), (0.5 to 1), (1 to 5);
(2) in the step (2) of the step of preparing the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part, the heat treatment temperature is 1200-1300 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 16-26 hours;
(3) in the step (3) of the step of preparing the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part, the standing time is at least 5 seconds, and the certain time for keeping the mold clamping pressure is 5-10 seconds.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the carbon content (mass percent) of the existing high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron material is generally 2-3.5 percent, and the highest carbon content is 3.8-4.0 percent. This is because, if the carbon content is increased further, the content of carbide (mainly, the chromium carbide of C3 Cr 7 and the chromium carbide of C1 Cr 1) in the material will exceed 40%, the high-chromium cast iron will be in a brittle region, not only will not be wear-resistant, but also will be easy to peel off in a large area, and will not be practical, therefore the carbon content of the existing high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron material has a recognized upper limit value in the industry. The carbon content of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron component reaches 6-10 percent, which is far beyond the limit (4 percent) of the carbon content of the existing high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron component, and a gold phase diagram of the material shows that carbides (mainly chromium carbide of carbon 3 chromium 7 and chromium carbide of carbon 1 chromium 1) formed by carbon and chromium in the material are completely distributed in a granular dispersion manner, and the carbides and a martensite or austenite matrix of the material are distributed in fine particles, have clean crystal boundaries and strong bonding force among grains, have no macroscopic slag holes and pores, and can greatly weaken the cutting and cracking condition of the carbides to the matrix; the heat conductivity coefficient of the material is sharply reduced, the crack propagation energy is sharply reduced, and therefore the problem that the material is easy to crack when heat is accumulated is effectively solved, the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part can be connected and fixed with other metal parts to be connected by an electric welding method, and the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part does not need to be connected with the metal parts to be connected after a composite part is obtained by other methods, so that the use of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron is greatly promoted, and the actual application range of the wear-resistant part of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron is effectively expanded.
2. According to the invention, a special powder is mixed and processed into a porous blank, and then the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part is prepared by using a liquid forging and infiltration process, so that the ultrahigh carbon content of 6-10% can be achieved, non-ferrous metals such as nickel, molybdenum and the like are not required to be added in the preparation process, the prepared part basically does not contain non-ferrous metal elements such as nickel, molybdenum and the like, and the addition of noble metals such as molybdenum, nickel and the like can be cancelled under the same hardness and the same wear resistance, so that the material cost of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 metallographic micrographs of a high chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the electric welding connection of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron member to the steel plate according to example 1.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron is obtained by adopting the following steps:
the step (1): mixing carbon powder, iron powder, high-carbon ferrochromium powder, adhesive paraffin and pore-forming agent plastic particles for 20 hours, wherein the mass ratio of the substances is as follows: 6:80:10:0.5: 0.5;
step (2): placing the mixed powder obtained in the step (1) in a mold for pressing, and then carrying out heat treatment for 26 hours at 1300 ℃ to obtain a porous blank body, wherein the porosity of the porous blank body is 35-40%;
step (3): and (3) placing the porous blank prepared in the step (2) into a liquid forging die, pouring the totally liquid pre-melted common high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron furnace burden (the furnace burden temperature is 1400 ℃) without adding nickel and molybdenum into a die cavity, standing for 5 seconds, closing the die by a pressure applying device, keeping the die closing pressure of 200 tons for 5 seconds, then applying at least 800 tons of pressure to the furnace until the liquid high-chromium cast iron furnace burden in the die is solidified, cooling to room temperature, and taking out from the die to obtain the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part. Through detection, each carbon element of the part accounts for 6 percent of the total mass of the part; the mass content of nickel element <10ppm and the mass content of molybdenum element <10ppm, which are considered to be the equivalent of impurities present; the parts had a Rockwell hardness HRC of 63 and a toughness value of 6J. The metallographic microscope is used for observing the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part, the gold phase diagram of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part is shown in figure 1, and the carbide of the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron is dispersed in a matrix in a granular manner.
The experimental result of testing whether the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part can be directly fixedly connected with the steel plate by electric welding is shown in fig. 2, the manufactured high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part 1 is fixedly connected with the steel plate 2 by the electric welding, and the purpose of the invention is completely achieved.
Example 2
The high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron is obtained by adopting the following steps:
the step (1): mixing carbon powder, iron powder, high-carbon ferrochromium powder, adhesive paraffin and pore-forming agent plastic particles for 30 hours, wherein the mass ratio of the substances is as follows: 10:45:40:1: 1;
step (2): placing the mixed powder obtained in the step (1) in a die to be pressed, and then carrying out heat treatment for 26 hours at 1200 ℃ to obtain a porous blank body, wherein the porosity of the porous blank body is 25-29%;
step (3): and (3) placing the porous blank prepared in the step (2) into a liquid forging die, pouring the totally liquid pre-melted common high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron furnace burden (the furnace burden temperature is 1400 ℃) without adding nickel and molybdenum into a die cavity, standing for 8 seconds, closing the die by a pressure applying device, keeping the die closing pressure of 200 tons for 10 seconds, then applying at least 800 tons of pressure to the furnace until the liquid high-chromium cast iron furnace burden in the die is solidified, cooling to room temperature, and taking out from the die to obtain the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part. The detection shows that each carbon element of the part accounts for 10 percent of the total mass of the part, the mass content of the nickel element is less than 10ppm, the mass content of the molybdenum element is less than 10ppm, and the equivalent of impurities exists; the parts had a Rockwell hardness HRC of 66 and a toughness value of 5J.
On a trough, the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part is directly fixed on a position needing wear resistance by electric welding, so that the high-chromium cast iron part is connected and fixed with the trough, and the aim of enhancing wear resistance is fulfilled.
Example 3
The high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron is obtained by adopting the following steps:
the step (1): mixing carbon powder, iron powder, high-carbon ferrochromium powder, adhesive paraffin and pore-forming agent plastic particles for 30 hours, wherein the mass ratio of the substances is as follows: 7:58:29:1: 2;
step (2): placing the mixed powder obtained in the step (1) in a die to be pressed, and then carrying out heat treatment for 16 hours at 1200 ℃ to obtain a porous blank body, wherein the porosity of the porous blank body is 30-32%;
step (3): and (3) placing the porous blank prepared in the step (2) into a liquid forging die, pouring the totally liquid pre-melted common high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron furnace burden (the furnace burden temperature is 1400 ℃) without adding nickel and molybdenum into a die cavity, standing for 10 seconds, closing the die by a pressure applying device, keeping the die closing pressure of 200 tons for 8 seconds, then applying at least 800 tons of pressure to the furnace until the liquid high-chromium cast iron furnace burden in the die is solidified, cooling to room temperature, and taking out from the die to obtain the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part. The detection shows that each carbon element of the part accounts for 7 percent of the total mass of the part, the mass content of the nickel element is less than 10ppm, the mass content of the molybdenum element is less than 10ppm, and the equivalent of the impurity is considered to exist; the parts had a Rockwell hardness HRC of 62 and a toughness value of 7J.
On engineering machinery, the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part is directly fixed on a part needing wear resistance by electric welding, so that the high-chromium cast iron part is connected and fixed with the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part, and the aim of enhancing wear resistance is fulfilled.
Claims (5)
1. A method for connecting and fixing a high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part and a metal part is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part is connected and fixed with a metal part to be connected by adopting an electric welding method, the mass of carbon element in the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part accounts for 6-10% of the total mass of the part, the mass content of nickel element is less than 10ppm, the mass content of molybdenum element is less than 10ppm, and the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part is prepared by the following steps,
the step (1): mixing carbon powder, iron powder, high-carbon ferrochromium powder, a binder and a pore-forming agent according to a certain proportion for at least 20 hours;
step (2): placing the mixed powder obtained in the step (1) in a die to be pressed, and then carrying out heat treatment for a certain time to obtain a porous blank body, wherein the porosity of the porous blank body is 25-40%;
step (3): and (3) placing the porous blank prepared in the step (2) into a liquid forging die, pouring the totally liquid pre-melted high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron furnace charge without nickel and molybdenum into a die cavity, standing, closing the die by a pressure applying device, keeping the die closing pressure of 200-400 tons for a certain time, applying at least 800 tons of pressure to the furnace charge until the liquid high-chromium cast iron furnace charge in the die is solidified, cooling to room temperature, and taking out of the die to obtain the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part.
2. The method for joining and fixing a high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron member to a metal member according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1) of the step of preparing the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part, the mass ratios of the carbon powder, the iron powder, the high-carbon ferrochrome powder, the binder and the pore-forming agent are as follows: (6-10): (36 to 70), (10 to 50), (0.5 to 1), (1 to 5).
3. A method of joining and fixing a high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron member to a metal member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the step (2) of the step of preparing the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part, the heat treatment temperature is 1200-1300 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 16-26 hours.
4. A method of joining and fixing a high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron member to a metal member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the step (3) of the step of preparing the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part, the standing time is at least 5 seconds, and the certain time for maintaining the mold clamping pressure is 5-10 seconds.
5. A method of joining and fixing a high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron member to a metal member according to claim 3, wherein: in the step (3) of the step of preparing the high-chromium white wear-resistant cast iron part, the standing time is at least 5 seconds, and the certain time for maintaining the mold clamping pressure is 5-10 seconds.
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Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1371948A (en) * | 1972-02-29 | 1974-10-30 | Moore W H | Abrasion-resistant cast iron |
| GB2153846A (en) * | 1984-02-04 | 1985-08-29 | Sheepbridge Equipment Limited | Cast iron alloy for grinding media |
| RU2007465C1 (en) * | 1990-06-04 | 1994-02-15 | Балашов Виктор Фадеевич | Process of production of high-chrome white wear-resistant cast irons |
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| CN102534356A (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2012-07-04 | 驻马店市永诚耐磨材料有限公司 | Wear-resistant white cast iron material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109957703A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-07-02 | 荆州市巨鲸传动机械有限公司 | A kind of abrasion-resistant cast high-chromium white cast iron |
| CN113292318A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-08-24 | 西安理工大学 | Preparation method of ZTA/high-chromium cast iron composite wear-resistant material |
| CN113560540A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-29 | 太原理工大学 | Method for preparing ZTA ceramic particle reinforced high-chromium cast iron based wear-resistant composite material |
| CN113579208A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-02 | 南通理工学院 | Preparation method of high-chromium cast iron-based ceramic composite grinding roller |
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2022
- 2022-05-11 CN CN202210509883.3A patent/CN114807733B/en active Active
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1371948A (en) * | 1972-02-29 | 1974-10-30 | Moore W H | Abrasion-resistant cast iron |
| GB2153846A (en) * | 1984-02-04 | 1985-08-29 | Sheepbridge Equipment Limited | Cast iron alloy for grinding media |
| RU2007465C1 (en) * | 1990-06-04 | 1994-02-15 | Балашов Виктор Фадеевич | Process of production of high-chrome white wear-resistant cast irons |
| EP2351865A1 (en) * | 2004-10-27 | 2011-08-03 | Global Tough Alloys Pty Ltd | Improved wear resitant alloy |
| JP2007030037A (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-08 | Jfe Steel Kk | Manufacturing method of cast iron article with excellent wear resistance |
| CN102534356A (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2012-07-04 | 驻马店市永诚耐磨材料有限公司 | Wear-resistant white cast iron material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113292318A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-08-24 | 西安理工大学 | Preparation method of ZTA/high-chromium cast iron composite wear-resistant material |
| CN113560540A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-29 | 太原理工大学 | Method for preparing ZTA ceramic particle reinforced high-chromium cast iron based wear-resistant composite material |
| CN113579208A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-02 | 南通理工学院 | Preparation method of high-chromium cast iron-based ceramic composite grinding roller |
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