CN114804976A - One-stop preparation method of soil remediation material based on blue algae, sludge and biochar - Google Patents

One-stop preparation method of soil remediation material based on blue algae, sludge and biochar Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114804976A
CN114804976A CN202210305858.3A CN202210305858A CN114804976A CN 114804976 A CN114804976 A CN 114804976A CN 202210305858 A CN202210305858 A CN 202210305858A CN 114804976 A CN114804976 A CN 114804976A
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blue algae
sludge
biochar
algae
soil
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黄赳
张炜
沈国华
庄严
饶勋政
钱俊宇
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Zhongrui Suzhou Resources And Environment Technology Co ltd
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Zhongrui Suzhou Resources And Environment Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/34—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/20—Prevention of biofouling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a one-stop preparation method of a soil remediation material based on blue algae, sludge and biochar, and belongs to the field of biological pollution and soil treatment. Performing hydrodynamic cavitation wall-breaking equipment on the blue algae in the water body to kill the blue algae and the attached microorganisms to generate blue algae liquid containing abundant N, P elements, and spraying the blue algae liquid on biochar made of biogas residues; before use, trace components of regional surface soil are detected, nitrogen fixing bacteria are propagated in the regional surface soil if nitrogen is lacked, so that nitrogen fixing treatment is carried out by using the nitrogen fixing bacteria, irrigation water containing potassium is supplemented if potassium is lacked, and the content of phosphorus is increased by irrigating blue algae liquid mixed water or phosphorus is extracted from blue algae liquid to prepare biological fertilizer for use. The method is simple, the repairing effect is good, the organic pollutants are suddenly converted into waste materials to be treated, and the method has wide practicability.

Description

One-stop preparation method of soil remediation material based on blue algae, sludge and biochar
Technical Field
The invention relates to a one-stop preparation method of a soil remediation material based on blue algae, sludge and charcoal, and belongs to the field of biological pollution and soil treatment.
Background
The traditional soil improvement method usually only focuses on planting ground vegetation, usually performs fertilization and irrigation treatment on ground soil to improve the ground vegetation environment, and neglects the most fundamental improvement on soil texture.
The biogas residue fertilizer has high nutrient content, contains rich organic substances and humic acid, has the effect of improving soil, and is suitable for being used as a base fertilizer. The long-term application of the biogas residue fertilizer can loosen soil, increase fertility, have good permeability and are not hardened. However, it should be noted that the un-decomposed biogas residue will compete with crops for oxygen in the soil, which affects the root development of seeds, sometimes the seedlings will be withered and yellow, and the effect is better when the seedlings are used after they are composted and decomposed in production. The biogas residues are rich in organic matters and the like, so that the production of biological fertilizers by aerobic composting of the biogas residues gradually becomes a main trend of biogas residue treatment. However, the domestic collection of the biogas residues does not form a certain scale, so that the condition of biogas residue dispersion disposal is common, the scale is small due to the dispersion disposal, the daily treatment amount is small, the resource utilization efficiency is low, and the operation cost is high.
Most of the existing technologies for processing the blue algae comprise the following technologies:
treating MC-LR in the blue algae by a biological treatment method: tertiary biological contact oxidation process, biomembrane degradation, sequencing batch biofilm reactor, etc. Although the biological treatment method has the advantages of low cost, convenient operation, easy management, good effect and the like, the defects are very obvious, and the problems of long reaction time, difficult regulation and control of the microbial degradation effect, long time consumption for adjusting the operation parameters and the like are difficult to effectively solve.
The MC-LR in the blue algae is treated by a physical method: mechanical algae removal, air flotation, membrane filtration, adsorption, and the like. The mechanical algae removal method, the air floatation method and the membrane filtration method completely remove the cyanobacteria cells from the water body to achieve the purpose of removing MC-LR, but the subsequent treatment of the algae mud is a great problem, the adsorption method mainly utilizes the characteristics of developed micropore structure and huge specific surface area of the activated carbon to adsorb, but has some problems, such as the influence of competitive adsorption sometimes ensures the removal rate of MC-LR, and the usage amount of the activated carbon is far higher than the conventional usage amount (1-100 mg/L) in effluent treatment; the active carbon has short service cycle, and can greatly increase the water treatment cost; in addition, the mechanism of adsorption of MC-LR on the activated carbon is not clear, and MC-LR is likely to be degraded by a biological film on the surface of the activated carbon and released into a water body again to cause water quality pollution again.
The MC-LR in the blue algae is treated by a general oxidation method: ClO 2 Oxidation, Cl 2 Oxidation, KMnO 4 Oxidation, O 3 Oxidation, and the like. Wherein ClO is 2 Oxidation, Cl 2 Both methods of oxidation are not recommended because the reaction products are toxic and follow the ClO 2 The increase of the dosage can obviously increase the generation amount of toxic byproducts such as chlorite, chlorate and the like, and become dangerous substances which potentially affect the health of human beings in the water body. KMnO 4 Oxidation although oxidative as compared to ClO 2 And Cl 2 Is more strongly oxidizing, but the effect is not significantly increased, while O 3 The removal effect achieved by the oxidation is best and the reaction is most rapid compared to the above three oxidants, but the removal effect is influenced by various factors, such as: algal cell density, ozone concentration, contact time, temperature, pH, alkalinity, and nature and concentration of organic matter, among others.
The MC-LR in the blue algae is treated by an advanced oxidation method: TiO 2 2 Photocatalytic method, Fenton and Fenton-like method, ultrasonic method, UV/H 2 O 2 Advanced oxidationMethods, and the like. The drawbacks of this treatment are also evident: some process equipment is high in investment, high in use cost, difficult to maintain and the like, and the application range of the process equipment is limited to a certain extent.
The blue algae is directly applied to the soil without any treatment, but because the microcystin in the blue algae pollutes the soil, and the blue algae can release odor to cause great pollution to the surrounding environment, the treatment technology is basically not used at present.
The blue algae is fermented and then applied to soil, the blue algae treatment technology can reduce soil pollution, but the fermentation time required by the corresponding blue algae is longer, and the cost is higher.
The blue algae is dehydrated and dried to form algae powder, and then the algae powder is input into soil in the form of solid fertilizer, but the absorption and utilization speed of the blue algae powder by plants is not as high as that of liquid fertilizer, and the blue algae powder is solid fertilizer, so that the blue algae powder is likely to be fertilized too much in a certain place, and the fertilization is not uniform.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the one-stop preparation method of the soil remediation material based on blue algae, sludge and biochar is provided, the method is simple, the remediation effect is good, organic pollutants are suddenly converted into waste materials, and the method has wide practicability.
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the soil remediation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the blue algae in the water body is treated by the hydrodynamic cavitation wall-breaking equipment, so that the blue algae and the attached microorganisms are effectively killed, meanwhile, microcystins in the blue algae are removed, the odor generated by the blue algae can be removed, the blue algae liquid rich in N, P is generated, and the blue algae liquid is transported to an area lacking N, P element components as a biomass fertilizer to be used as the fertilizer; detecting the trace components of the regional surface soil before use, propagating nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the regional surface soil if nitrogen is deficient, performing nitrogen-fixing treatment by using the nitrogen-fixing bacteria, supplementing irrigation water containing potassium if potassium is deficient, and increasing the content of phosphorus by irrigating blue algae liquid mixed water or extracting phosphorus from blue algae liquid to prepare a biological fertilizer for use;
a one-stop preparation method of a soil remediation material based on blue algae, sludge and charcoal comprises the following steps:
preparing a blue algae solution:
constructing a fixed algae collecting facility according to the local wind direction at the bank side of the downwind algae bloom enrichment area; then, the algae-rich water is lifted to a hydrodynamic cavitation wall-breaking device through a water pump, wall-breaking treatment is carried out on the blue algae, and finally wall-broken blue algae liquid is obtained, a large amount of microorganisms mixed in the blue algae are killed in the wall-breaking process, so that the water content of the blue algae is greatly reduced, microcystins in the blue algae and odor generated by the blue algae can be effectively removed, and the blue algae liquid is rich in phosphorus elements;
collecting biogas residues and feeding the biogas residues into a charge furnace for pyrolysis:
feeding the biogas residues into a waste furnace for dehydration to generate sludge, and then degrading; the dehydrated sludge undergoes primary degradation at a temperature of 200 ℃ and 350 ℃ by releasing CO 2 、C H 4 And H 2 Alcohols and hydrocarbons are produced; the middle fraction produced after the primary degradation is further degraded at the average temperature of 350-550 ℃ to generate new alcohols and hydrocarbons; finally, at the temperature of 550-900 ℃, the secondary degradation product and the intermediate component of the sludge are completely degraded to generate the discharged CO 2 、C H 4 And H 2 The biochar of (1);
mixing the blue algae solution and the biochar:
the cyanobacteria liquid after hydrodynamic cavitation wall breaking is sprayed on the biochar made of biogas residues, because the biochar has the characteristics of large surface area, developed surface structure gaps, abundant surface active functional groups and the like, nutrient elements which are beneficial to plant growth and development in the cyanobacteria liquid are adsorbed on the surface of the biochar, and then the biochar sprayed with the cyanobacteria liquid is mixed with the sludge of the water jet loom after hydrodynamic cavitation treatment, so that the soil remediation material based on the cyanobacteria, the sludge of the water jet loom and the biochar is prepared.
Further, in the sludge pyrolysis process, all biodegradable organic matters are volatilized at the initial stage of heating to 150-400 ℃, and non-biodegradable organic matters are volatilized when the sludge is heated to 400-550 ℃; the quality of the biochar prepared by pyrolyzing the biogas residues is different due to different process parameters, pyrolysis modes (slow heat and fast heat), biogas residue quality, pressure, adsorbent particle size and heating speed, and finally the biochar is prepared by carrying out pyrolysis in a muffle furnace.
Further, the preparation process of the hydraulic cavitation treated sludge of the water jet loom comprises the following steps: feeding the sludge of the water jet loom into a hydraulic cavitation device for treatment, wherein the cavitation temperature is linearly raised to 60 ℃ and lasts for 240s, the water content of the sludge is reduced by 8-15%, and simultaneously, bacteria, parasites and virus cells contained in the sludge of the water jet loom are killed: when the cavitation generation temperature is 50-55 ℃, the number of bacteria is rapidly reduced; when the cavitation temperature reaches 60 ℃, the time is more than 240s, and the sterilization rate is 100%.
Further, the fixed algae collecting facilities are as follows: the floating fence is arranged in the algae enrichment area and is made of a rubber floating body and waterproof nylon cloth, the floating fence is in a bell mouth shape under water, and an algae sucking groove is arranged at the bottom of the bell mouth to collect blue algae.
And further, collecting the hydrodynamic cavitation wall-broken blue algae liquid flowing out after the biochar is sprayed, further refluxing the collected hydrodynamic cavitation wall-broken blue algae liquid into the hydrodynamic cavitation device to be mixed with the newly-fed blue algae to be subjected to hydrodynamic cavitation, and continuously performing hydrodynamic cavitation, so that the sewage is not discharged outside, and the aim of recycling is fulfilled.
Further, the soil property TN before the soil repair material is sprayed and improved is 440-460mg/kg, TP is 330-350mg/kg, pH is 8.5-9.5, SOC is 3-4g/kg, C/N is 7.8-8.5, and the improved soil property is as follows: TN is 2200-2500mg/kg, TP is 1200-1600mg/kg, pH is 7.3-7.7, SOC is 20-25g/kg, and C/N is 6.5-7.2.
Has the advantages that: killing most microorganisms and destroying cell walls of the microorganisms by using hydrodynamic cavitation wall-breaking equipment, greatly reducing the water content of the blue algae and improving the biodegradability of the blue algae; the blue algae subjected to hydrodynamic cavitation wall-breaking treatment not only can effectively remove microcystins in the blue algae, but also can remove odor generated by the blue algae; the wall-broken blue algae liquid after the hydrodynamic cavitation wall-breaking treatment contains abundant N, P elements, and phosphorus elements are mainly mineral circulation, and once the phosphorus elements enter lakes and rivers, the phosphorus elements cannot be removed, so that only the blue algae is subjected to ex-situ treatment and is transported to the outside of the drainage basin, and the content of the phosphorus elements in the drainage basin can be effectively removed. The deficiency of nitrogen and potassium elements is easy to solve, the deficiency of nitrogen elements and potassium elements can propagate azotobacter, so that the problem of the deficiency of nitrogen elements is solved by using azotobacter to fix nitrogen, the deficiency of potassium elements is soluble in water, and the problem of the deficiency of nitrogen elements can be solved by entering soil along with water flow, and the deficiency of phosphorus elements can be used for carrying out ex-situ treatment on a large amount of phosphorus elements contained in the blue-green algae, so that the problem of excessive phosphorus content in a blue-green algae outburst basin is solved, and the problem of the deficiency of phosphorus elements in soil in northwest regions is solved; fourthly, the biogas residues with the foul smell can be prepared into charcoal which can be used as an adsorbent of nutrient elements required by the growth and development of plants and can be subjected to resource treatment; fifthly, performing hydrodynamic cavitation treatment on the sludge of the water jet loom, thereby effectively removing perfluorinated compounds in the sludge of the water jet loom, and finally leaving fine grained minerals, providing materials for the next preparation of soil remediation materials, and performing resource treatment on the sludge of the water jet loom. Combining the blue algae liquid after the hydrodynamic cavitation wall breaking treatment with the water jet loom sludge and the biochar to prepare a soil remediation material, improving soil conditions and providing conditions for the growth and development of plants, thereby achieving the purpose of resource utilization of blue algae.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a one-stop preparation method of the soil remediation material based on blue algae, sludge and charcoal.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in figure 1, the one-stop preparation method of the soil remediation material based on blue algae, sludge and charcoal comprises the following steps:
killing most microorganisms and destroying cell walls of the microorganisms by using hydrodynamic cavitation wall-breaking equipment, greatly reducing the water content of the blue algae and improving the biodegradability of the blue algae;
the blue algae subjected to hydrodynamic cavitation wall-breaking treatment not only can effectively remove microcystins in the blue algae, but also can remove odor generated by the blue algae;
the wall-broken blue algae liquid after the hydrodynamic cavitation wall-breaking treatment contains abundant N, P elements, and phosphorus elements are mainly mineral circulation in the environment, and once the phosphorus elements enter lakes and rivers, the phosphorus elements cannot be removed, so that the content of the phosphorus elements in the watershed can be effectively removed only by carrying out ex-situ treatment on the blue-green algae and transporting the blue-green algae to the watershed. The deficiency of nitrogen and potassium elements is easy to solve, the deficiency of nitrogen elements can propagate azotobacter, so that azotobacter is used for nitrogen fixation, the potassium elements are deficient, potassium can be dissolved in water and can enter soil along with water flow, and the deficient phosphorus elements can carry out heterotopic treatment on a large amount of phosphorus elements in blue algae, so that the problem of excessive phosphorus content in a blue algae outbreak basin is solved, and the problem of the deficiency of phosphorus elements in soil in northwest of China is also solved;
fourthly, the biogas residues with the foul smell can be prepared into charcoal which can be used as an adsorbent of nutrient elements required by the growth and development of plants and can be subjected to resource treatment;
fifthly, performing hydrodynamic cavitation treatment on the sludge of the water jet loom, thereby effectively removing perfluorinated compounds in the sludge of the water jet loom, and finally leaving fine grained minerals, providing materials for the next preparation of soil remediation materials, and performing resource treatment on the sludge of the water jet loom.
Combining the blue algae liquid after the hydrodynamic cavitation wall breaking treatment with the water jet loom sludge and the biochar to prepare a soil remediation material, improving soil conditions and providing conditions for the growth and development of plants, thereby achieving the purpose of resource utilization of blue algae. .
The first embodiment,
The invention discloses a preparation method of a soil remediation material based on blue algae, water-jet loom sludge and biochar, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, according to the local wind direction, a fixed algae collecting facility is constructed on the bank side of the downwind algae bloom enrichment area. In order to obtain algae-enriched water with higher concentration, a floating fence made of a rubber floating body and waterproof nylon cloth is pulled in the algae enrichment area, so that the cyanobacterial bloom naturally flows into the algae collection fence according to the wind direction. An algae sucking groove (or disc) is arranged at the bottom end of the horn-mouth-shaped algae collecting area formed by the algae collecting fence ring to collect the blue algae.
Secondly promote the rich algae water to hydrodynamic cavitation broken wall device through the water pump, carry out the broken wall processing to the blue alga, obtain the broken wall blue alga finally, hydrodynamic cavitation broken wall efficiency can reach more than 90%, can reduce 8% -15% moisture content, because the blue alga after hydrodynamic cavitation processing, not only can kill a large amount of microorganisms, the moisture content of reduction blue alga by a wide margin but also can effectually get rid of the produced stink of microcystin and blue alga in the blue alga, and can provide a large amount of phosphorus elements, so can carry out the resourceful treatment to the blue alga after the broken wall.
Collecting biogas residues, performing high-temperature thermal decomposition by using a muffle furnace, dehydrating at an average temperature of 200 ℃, releasing water, and degrading. In the initial stage, the dewatered sludge undergoes primary degradation at an average temperature of 200-350 ℃ by releasing CO 2 、C H 4 And H 2 Alcohols and hydrocarbons are produced. In the secondary degradation process, the middle fraction produced after the primary degradation is further degraded at an average temperature of 350-550 ℃ to generate alcohols and hydrocarbons. Finally, at the average temperature of 550-900 ℃, the secondary degradation products and the intermediate components of the sludge are completely degraded to generate the discharged CO 2 、C H 4 And H 2 The biochar of (1). In the sludge pyrolysis process, almost all biodegradable organic matters are volatilized at the initial stage of 150-400 ℃, and non-biodegradable organic matters are volatilized at 400-550 ℃. Raw material prepared by pyrolyzing biogas residueThe quality of the charcoal varies with the process parameters, the pyrolysis mode (slow heat, fast heat), the quality of the biogas residue, the pressure, the particle size of the adsorbent and the heating speed. Finally, the biomass charcoal is prepared by high-temperature decomposition in a muffle furnace.
Then the blue algae liquid after the hydrodynamic cavitation wall breaking is sprayed on the biochar made of biogas residue, and because the biochar has the characteristics of large surface area, developed surface structure gaps, abundant surface active functional groups and the like, the nutrient elements which have the function of promoting the growth and development of plants in the blue algae can be as follows: and adsorbing nitrogen, phosphorus and the like on the surface of the biochar, mixing the biochar sprayed with the blue algae subjected to hydrodynamic cavitation wall breaking and the sludge of the water jet loom treated by hydrodynamic cavitation, and finally processing and manufacturing the soil remediation material based on the blue algae, the sludge of the water jet loom and the biochar. After the sludge of the water jet loom passes through the hydrodynamic cavitation device, the water content of the sludge can be reduced by 8-15%, and various bacteria, parasites and virus cells can be killed: when the cavitation generation temperature is 50-55 ℃, the number of bacteria is rapidly reduced; when the cavitation temperature reaches 60 ℃, the sterilization rate is 100 percent. And the number of bacteria is linearly reduced along with the increase of the cavitation time (0-240 s); when the emptying time is more than 240s, the sterilization rate is 100 percent. Collecting the hydrodynamic cavitation wall-broken blue algae liquid after being sprayed with the biochar, further refluxing the collected blue algae liquid into a hydrodynamic cavitation device to be mixed with the collected blue algae, continuing hydrodynamic cavitation, and then spraying the liquid subjected to hydrodynamic cavitation wall breaking onto the biochar again, so that sewage in the system is not discharged outside, and the purpose of recycling is achieved.
The finally prepared soil remediation material can be used for improving the aggregate structure of soil in northwest regions, improving the function of the soil, and finally achieving the effects of improving the soil fertility and providing good growth conditions for the growth and development of organisms. The soil property before improvement is TN 440-460mg/kg, TP 330-350mg/kg, pH 8.5-9.5, SOC 3-4g/kg, and C/N7.8-8.5. The properties of the improved soil are as follows: TN is 2200-2500mg/kg, TP is 1200-1600mg/kg, pH is 7.3-7.7, SOC is 20-25g/kg, and C/N is 6.5-7.2.

Claims (7)

1. A soil remediation method based on blue algae, sludge and biochar is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) processing blue algae in a water body by using a hydrodynamic cavitation wall breaking device, thereby effectively killing the blue algae and microbes attached to the blue algae, simultaneously removing microcystins in the blue algae, removing odor generated by the blue algae, generating abundant N, P-element blue algae liquid, and transporting the blue algae liquid as a biomass fertilizer to an area lacking N, P-element components as the fertilizer; before use, trace components of regional surface soil are detected, nitrogen fixing bacteria are propagated in the regional surface soil if nitrogen is lacked, so that nitrogen fixing treatment is carried out by using the nitrogen fixing bacteria, irrigation water containing potassium is supplemented if potassium is lacked, and the content of phosphorus is increased by irrigating blue algae liquid mixed water or phosphorus is extracted from blue algae liquid to prepare biological fertilizer for use.
2. A one-stop preparation method of a soil remediation material based on blue algae, sludge and biochar is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
preparing a blue algae solution:
constructing a fixed algae collecting facility according to the local wind direction at the bank side of the downwind algae bloom enrichment area; then, the algae-rich water is lifted to a hydrodynamic cavitation wall-breaking device through a water pump, wall-breaking treatment is carried out on the blue algae, and finally wall-broken blue algae liquid is obtained, a large amount of microorganisms mixed in the blue algae are killed in the wall-breaking process, so that the water content of the blue algae is greatly reduced, microcystins in the blue algae and odor generated by the blue algae can be effectively removed, and the blue algae liquid is rich in phosphorus elements;
collecting biogas residues and feeding the biogas residues into a charge furnace for pyrolysis:
feeding the biogas residues into a waste furnace for dehydration to generate sludge, and then degrading; the dehydrated sludge undergoes primary degradation at a temperature of 200 ℃ and 350 ℃ by releasing CO 2 、C H 4 And H 2 Alcohols and hydrocarbons are produced; the middle fraction produced after the primary degradation is further degraded at the average temperature of 350-550 ℃ to generate new alcohols and hydrocarbons; finally, secondary degradation products of the sludge are obtained at the temperature of 550-900 DEG CThe intermediate components are completely degraded to generate the emission CO 2 、C H 4 And H 2 The biochar of (1);
mixing the blue algae solution and the biochar:
the cyanobacteria liquid after hydrodynamic cavitation wall breaking is sprayed on the biochar made of biogas residues, because the biochar has the characteristics of large surface area, developed surface structure gaps, abundant surface active functional groups and the like, nutrient elements which are beneficial to plant growth and development in the cyanobacteria liquid are adsorbed on the surface of the biochar, and then the biochar sprayed with the cyanobacteria liquid is mixed with the sludge of the water jet loom after hydrodynamic cavitation treatment, so that the soil remediation material based on the cyanobacteria, the sludge of the water jet loom and the biochar is prepared.
3. The one-stop preparation method of the soil remediation material based on blue algae, sludge and charcoal as claimed in claim 2, wherein the one-stop preparation method comprises the following steps: in the sludge pyrolysis process, all biodegradable organic matters are volatilized in the initial stage of heating to 150-400 ℃, and non-biodegradable organic matters are volatilized when the sludge is heated to 400-550 ℃; the quality of the biochar prepared by pyrolyzing the biogas residues is different due to different process parameters, pyrolysis modes (slow heat and fast heat), biogas residue quality, pressure, adsorbent particle size and heating speed, and finally the biochar is prepared by carrying out pyrolysis in a muffle furnace.
4. The one-stop preparation method of the soil remediation material based on blue algae, sludge and biochar as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that the preparation process of the water-jet loom sludge treated by hydrodynamic cavitation comprises the following steps: feeding the sludge of the water jet loom into a hydraulic cavitation device for treatment, wherein the cavitation temperature is linearly raised to 60 ℃ and lasts for 240s, the water content of the sludge is reduced by 8-15%, and simultaneously, bacteria, parasites and virus cells contained in the sludge of the water jet loom are killed: when the cavitation generation temperature is 50-55 ℃, the number of bacteria is rapidly reduced; when the cavitation temperature reaches 60 ℃, the time is more than 240s, and the sterilization rate is 100%.
5. The one-stop preparation method of the soil remediation material based on blue algae, sludge and biochar as claimed in claim 2, wherein the fixed algae collection facility is: the floating fence is arranged in the alga enrichment area and is made of a rubber floating body and waterproof nylon cloth, the floating fence is in a bell mouth shape under water, and the bottom of the bell mouth is provided with an alga sucking groove for collecting blue algae.
6. The one-stop preparation method of the soil remediation material based on blue algae, sludge and charcoal as claimed in claim 2, wherein the one-stop preparation method comprises the following steps: collecting the hydrodynamic cavitation wall-broken blue algae liquid flowing out after the biochar is sprayed, further refluxing the collected hydrodynamic cavitation wall-broken blue algae liquid into a hydrodynamic cavitation device to be mixed with newly-fed blue algae to be subjected to hydrodynamic cavitation, and continuously performing hydrodynamic cavitation, so that the sewage is not discharged outside, and the aim of recycling is fulfilled.
7. The one-stop preparation method of the soil remediation material based on blue algae, sludge and charcoal as claimed in claim 2, wherein the one-stop preparation method comprises the following steps: the soil property TN before the soil repair material is sprayed and improved is 440-460mg/kg, TP is 330-350mg/kg, pH is 8.5-9.5, SOC is 3-4g/kg, C/N is 7.8-8.5, the improved soil property is as follows: TN is 2200-2500mg/kg, TP is 1200-1600mg/kg, pH is 7.3-7.7, SOC is 20-25g/kg, and C/N is 6.5-7.2.
CN202210305858.3A 2022-03-25 2022-03-25 One-stop preparation method of soil remediation material based on blue algae, sludge and biochar Pending CN114804976A (en)

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