CN114803534A - Automatic tray supplying device and method for rice seedling raising and sowing - Google Patents
Automatic tray supplying device and method for rice seedling raising and sowing Download PDFInfo
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- CN114803534A CN114803534A CN202210524191.6A CN202210524191A CN114803534A CN 114803534 A CN114803534 A CN 114803534A CN 202210524191 A CN202210524191 A CN 202210524191A CN 114803534 A CN114803534 A CN 114803534A
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G59/00—De-stacking of articles
- B65G59/06—De-stacking from the bottom of the stack
- B65G59/067—De-stacking from the bottom of the stack articles being separated substantially perpendicularly to the axis of the stack
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/08—Devices for filling-up flower-pots or pots for seedlings; Devices for setting plants or seeds in pots
- A01G9/088—Handling or transferring pots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2201/00—Indexing codes relating to handling devices, e.g. conveyors, characterised by the type of product or load being conveyed or handled
- B65G2201/02—Articles
- B65G2201/0267—Pallets
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic tray supply device for rice seedling raising and seeding and a method thereof, and belongs to the field of agricultural mechanical equipment. The device comprises a frame conveying assembly, a seedling tray supporting and pulling assembly, a seedling tray supporting and lifting assembly and a control assembly, wherein the seedling tray supporting and pulling assembly is embedded into the frame conveying assembly, the vertical lifting of the seedling tray supporting and pulling assembly is powered by the seedling tray supporting and lifting assembly, the whole seedling tray is supported upwards through the position matching of ratchets of the seedling tray supporting and pulling assembly and a guide plate, the ratchets prevent the seedling tray from falling down when the seedling tray descends, the seedling tray separation of adjacent stopped seedling trays is forced to be crossed through elastic scraping hooks on the guide plate, the seedling tray is automatically supplied to the frame conveying assembly, the automatic supply of deformed and undeformed seedling trays to a sowing production line is realized, and the requirement of uninterrupted sowing is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical rice transplanting and planting of rice, and particularly relates to an automatic tray supply device and method for mechanical rice transplanting, seedling raising and seeding of rice.
Background
Rice is one of the main food crops in China, and the planting area is always over 3000 hectares for many years. Mechanized rice transplanting and planting are important planting modes of rice, are the most efficient high-yield mode in production, and have the advantages of simplicity and easiness in weed control, less later-period management, lodging resistance and the like. But the mechanized rice transplanting and planting must solve the difficult problems of large labor consumption for seedling raising. According to the traditional rice seedling raising and sowing production line, manual operation is needed when seedling trays are placed into the production line, the distance between the seedling trays is uneven, the sowing efficiency is reduced, production data such as seeds and matrixes are wasted, repetitive work cannot be interrupted, work is boring, and meanwhile the seedling raising cost is increased. Along with the increasing shortage of agricultural labor, the demand of rice seedling raising and seeding on automatic supply of seedling trays is very urgent.
At present, hard plastic seedling trays are mostly adopted for seeding in rice transplanting and seedling raising of China by rice machines, manual tray placing to a seedling raising and seeding line conveying belt is basically adopted during seeding, and a pneumatic control automatic tray supply device is also adopted, but the problems of complex control, high working noise and the like are rarely applied; a small amount of mechanical arms are adopted to automatically supply seedling trays, the operation results are high, and the popularization and the application are difficult. In addition, after sowing and in the process of growing seedlings, the seedling tray loaded with the matrix and the seedlings needs to be carried for many times, and all parts of the seedling tray are stressed unevenly, so that the seedling tray deforms; in addition, after the seedling trays are transplanted, the seedling trays are placed irregularly in a collecting and transporting process and in a stacking and storing process, so that the seedling trays are stressed unevenly, and various deformations such as bending, tilting of two ends, diagonal distortion and the like of the seedling trays are caused. Therefore, the stable and single-ground automatic seedling tray supply is the key for improving the seeding efficiency and safe production, and the development of the automatic seedling tray supply device for rice transplanting, seedling raising and seeding has important significance for improving the quality and efficiency of rice seedling raising and seeding, reducing the seedling raising cost and improving the mechanized level of rice planting.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides an automatic tray supply device for rice seedling raising and seeding and a method thereof.
The invention has the conception that the seedling tray support assembly is embedded into the frame conveying assembly, the seedling tray support assembly vertically ascends and descends under the action of the seedling tray support assembly, ratchets of the seedling tray support assembly do not work in the process of upwards supporting all the seedling trays, and the ratchets are supported by the side of the second seedling tray from bottom to top during descending to prevent the seedling tray on the upper part from descending; the lowest seedling tray descends along with the seedling tray support assembly under the action of gravity, if the lowest seedling tray is clamped with an adjacent seedling tray, the scraping hook on the seedling tray support assembly forcibly separates the lowest seedling tray and falls onto the roller of the rack conveying assembly, so that the automatic supply of a normal seedling tray and a deformed seedling tray is realized, the normal operation of a seedling and sowing production line is ensured, and the automation level is improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides an automatic tray supply device for rice seedling raising and seeding, which comprises a rack conveying assembly, a seedling tray supporting and pulling assembly, a seedling tray lifting assembly and a control assembly;
the frame conveying assembly comprises a frame for providing mounting sites for other assemblies and a driving mechanism for providing power for conveying the seedling trays;
the seedling tray supporting and pulling assembly supports the seedling trays by adopting ratchets and works intermittently, is nested and arranged on the frame conveying assembly, and jacks up all the seedling trays and falls down to the bottommost seedling tray under the action of the seedling tray supporting and pulling assembly;
the seedling tray lifting assembly adopts a combined form of a crank slide block mechanism and a fork type lifting mechanism, and the fork type lifting mechanism is pulled by the crank slide block mechanism, so that the lifting of a guide plate of the seedling tray lifting assembly is realized;
the control assembly is used for detecting the position of the seedling tray currently conveyed on the rack conveying assembly, and controlling the seedling tray lifting assembly to start again to work when the seedling tray moves beyond the preset position on the rack conveying assembly so as to perform next tray supply action.
Preferably, the seedling tray support assembly comprises a rear guide frame, a limiting plate, a support, a ratchet, an extended surface, a supporting pipe, a scraping hook, a dragging plate, a connecting plate, a front guide frame, a return spring, a boosting spring and a supporting plate; the two rear guide frames and the two front guide frames form a closed space which can just stack the seedling tray; the four supporting seats are divided into two groups and are respectively fixed on the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam of the frame, the four ratchets are respectively hinged with the four supporting seats, and the hinge shafts of the supporting seats and the ratchets are provided with return springs; the four limiting plates are symmetrically fixed on the inner side of the rack in two groups respectively, each limiting plate is positioned between two adjacent conveying shafts, and each group of limiting plates and the beam of the rack form a group of vertical guide structures respectively; the support plate is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the enclosed space and is supported by the seedling tray lifting assembly; the two parallel extended surface plates are respectively fixed on two sides of the support plate along the vertical direction, each extended surface plate is composed of three guide plates which are positioned on the same plane and connected with the bottom, the guide plates positioned on two sides in each extended surface plate are matched with a group of vertical guide structures, and the extended surface plate and the limit plate form an extended surface pair for limiting the extended surface plate to vertically slide; a plurality of support tubes are fixed on the support plate through the connecting plate; the two extended surface plates are respectively provided with a pull-down component on the guide plate positioned in the middle; in each pull-down assembly, two scraping hooks are mounted on the inner side of the upper part of the dragging plate through hinges, a force-increasing spring is arranged on a hinge shaft between the scraping hooks and the dragging plate, so that the scraping hooks and the surface of the dragging plate form an included angle with an opening downward in a state of not being subjected to external force, and the lower end of the dragging plate is fixed on an oriented plate in the middle of the extended surface.
Preferably, the seedling tray lifting assembly comprises a lower connecting rod, a pin shaft, a slide rail, an upper connecting rod, a transverse pull rod, a riding wheel, a longitudinal pull rod, a lifting speed reducing motor and a driving disc; the sliding rails are four in number and are groove-shaped rails, two sliding rails positioned above are fixed on the bottom surface of the support plate in parallel, and the other two sliding rails positioned below are fixed below the rack in parallel; the lower connecting rods have the same structure as the upper connecting rods, and the two lower connecting rods are respectively hinged with the middle parts of the two upper connecting rods through pin shafts to form a shearing fork mechanism; the upper and lower sliding rails and the shearing fork mechanism positioned between the upper and lower sliding rails form a group of fork type lifting mechanisms, and two sides of the support plate are respectively supported and controlled by the group of fork type lifting mechanisms; in each group of fork type lifting mechanisms, one end of a lower connecting rod is connected with one end of a sliding rail fixed on the rack, the other end of the lower connecting rod is provided with a riding wheel, the riding wheel extends into the sliding rail fixed at the lower part of a supporting plate and forms a sliding pair, the upper end of an upper connecting rod is hinged with one end of the sliding rail fixed at the lower part of the supporting plate, the lower end of the upper connecting rod is also provided with the riding wheel, and the riding wheel extends into the sliding rail fixed at the lower part of the rack and forms a sliding pair; two ends of the transverse pull rod are respectively hinged with the middle lower part of the upper connecting rod at two sides, one end of the longitudinal pull rod is hinged with the middle part of the transverse pull rod, and the other end of the longitudinal pull rod is hinged with the edge of the driving disc; the lifting speed reducing motor is fixed on the lower portion of the rack, the driving disc is fixed on an output shaft of the lifting speed reducing motor, the driving disc drives the eccentrically fixed longitudinal pull rod to reciprocate under the driving of the lifting speed reducing motor, and then the two groups of fork type lifting mechanisms are driven synchronously to reciprocate the support plate up and down through the transverse pull rod.
Preferably, the guide plates on the two sides of the extended surface plate are provided with vertical guide grooves, the inner side of the frame beam is provided with a guide bearing, and the guide grooves and the guide bearing form a sliding pair.
Preferably, the ratchet is integrally arc-shaped, the bottom surface of the ratchet below the hinge hole consists of a tangential arc surface part and a tangential plane part, the bottom surface of the ratchet is contacted with the support through the plane part under the action of the return spring, so that the ratchet cannot continuously rotate around the hinge shaft, and the ratchet is at an inward limit position in the state; when the extended surface is at the lower limit position, the guide plates at the two sides of the extended surface are positioned below the arc shape of the ratchet, and the ratchet is at the limit position; when the extended surface of the extended.
Preferably, the hinge shaft of the hinge connection between the dragging plate and the scraping hook is horizontal, and the scraping hook is in an opening state according to the initial opening and closing angle under the action of the boosting spring; when the scraping hook is pressed by the side part of the seedling tray in the upward moving process, the scraping hook can retract and avoid in the direction smaller than the initial opening and closing angle by rotating around the hinge shaft; when the scraping hook is clamped to the side edge of the seedling tray in the downward moving process, the scraping hook is limited to rotate towards the direction larger than the initial opening and closing angle, so that downward pressure is applied to the seedling tray to separate the seedling tray from the seedling tray above.
Preferably, the number of the conveying shafts is four, and the three guide plates of each of the extended surface plates are respectively distributed among the four conveying shafts at intervals.
Preferably, the support pipe and the connecting plate form an annular support structure which is sleeved outside the two conveying shafts but is not in contact with the conveying shafts on the support plate, and the height of the support pipe is adjustable; the supporting plate keeps a certain distance from the conveying shaft without interference when the supporting tube is at the upper limit position, and the supporting tube is lower than the top of the roller but does not interfere with the conveying shaft when the supporting tube is at the lower limit position, so that the seedling tray falling on the annular supporting structure can be conveyed downstream under the driving of the roller.
Preferably, the control assembly comprises a controller, a conveying photoelectric sensor and a lifting photoelectric sensor, the conveying photoelectric sensor and the lifting photoelectric sensor are electrically connected with the controller, the conveying photoelectric sensor is used for sensing the position of a seedling tray currently conveyed on the rack conveying assembly, and the lifting photoelectric sensor is used for sensing the position information of the longitudinal pull rod.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an automatic seedling tray supplying method using the automatic seedling tray supplying device for rice seedling raising and seeding, comprising:
s1, starting reset: the automatic rice seedling raising and seeding tray supply device is started through the control assembly, a controller receives signals of a conveying photoelectric sensor and controls a lifting speed reducing motor to work, the lifting speed reducing motor drives a driving disc to rotate, the driving disc drives a longitudinal pull rod to move leftwards, the longitudinal pull rod drives a transverse pull rod to move leftwards, the transverse pull rod moves leftwards so as to push two upper connecting rods to move leftwards synchronously until the left limit position, the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod are same in structural size and are hinged at the middle, two groups of upper connecting rods and supporting wheels at the end part of the lower connecting rod roll synchronously on a sliding rail, finally, a supporting plate of the seedling tray supporting and pulling assembly is translated to the lower limit position, the lifting photoelectric sensor senses position information of the longitudinal pull rod, and the controller controls the lifting speed reducing motor to stop rotating; at the moment, the ratchet is in the limit position towards the inner side of the machine frame under the action of the return spring;
s2, adding seedling trays: after the step S1 is completed, seedling trays are sequentially added into the enclosed space formed by the rear guide frame and the front guide frame and are stacked layer by layer, and the side edge of the seedling tray at the lowest position is supported at the upper part of the frame conveying assembly by the tooth ends of the four ratchets;
s3, supporting and lifting a seedling tray: the whole sowing production line is started to work through the control assembly, the rack conveying assembly starts to work, the driving power of the conveying speed reducing motor is input into the conveying shafts, and all the conveying shafts of the rack conveying assembly rotate at the same speed and in the same direction through chain transmission; the controller controls the lifting speed-reducing motor to rotate, the driving disc drives the longitudinal pull rod to enable the transverse pull rod to move rightwards, the support plate moves upwards under the action of the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod, meanwhile, the annular support structure formed by the supporting tube and the connecting plate on the support plate also moves upwards, the extended surface plate also moves upwards synchronously along with the support plate, the free end of the outer side of the scraping hook touches the seedling plate and then rotates towards the plate surface of the traction plate to realize retraction and avoidance, after the supporting tube is contacted with the seedling plate at the lowest part, all the seedling plates are supported upwards, meanwhile, the ratchets do not support the seedling plate, and along with further upward movement of the support plate, the guide plates at the two ends of the extended ratchet plate push the seedling guide plates to the outer side of the seedling guide plate; when the support plate reaches the upper limit position in a translation way, the support plate moves downwards along with the continuous rotation of the driving disc, and when the guide plates at the two ends of the extended surface plate are positioned below the ratchets, the tail ends of the ratchets extend into the lower parts of the two side edges of the second seedling tray from bottom to top under the action of the return springs and support all the seedling trays above the tail ends of the ratchets;
s4, seedling tray descending: after the step S3 is completed, the support plate further moves downwards along with the continuous rotation of the driving disc, if the lowest seedling tray and the seedling tray adjacent to the lowest seedling tray are not deformed and no clamping stagnation exists between the seedling trays, the lowest seedling tray falls on the support pipe and descends along with the support pipe; if the lowest seedling tray and the adjacent seedling tray are clamped due to deformation, the four scraping hooks are clamped on the side edge of the lowest seedling tray and move downwards along with the dragging plate, so that the clamped lowest seedling tray is separated from the adjacent seedling tray and falls on the support pipe under the action of gravity; when the support plate continues to descend to a lower limit position, the supporting pipe is positioned between the rollers, the lifting photoelectric sensor senses a position signal of the longitudinal pull rod, the lifting speed-reducing motor stops rotating, and the seedling tray falling to the rollers is conveyed forwards under the action of the rollers; the front end of the seedling tray moves to the front guide frame and continues to move forwards after touching the shading plate of the photoelectric sensor, thus completing one-time automatic tray supply; when the rear end of the seedling tray leaves the shading plate of the photoelectric conveying sensor, the controller controls the lifting speed-reducing motor to rotate, and the next automatic seedling tray supply is started.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention inserts the seedling tray support assembly into the frame conveying assembly, the vertical lifting component of the seedling tray support assembly is matched with and fixed on the ratchets of the frame conveying assembly, the ratchets are blocked outside the lifting part of the seedling tray support assembly when all the seedling trays are jacked up and do not play a role of support, the guide plate of the seedling tray support assembly does not block the ratchets when all the seedling trays are lowered to a certain position, and the ratchets extend into two sides of the second seedling tray from bottom to top to prevent the seedling tray on the seedling tray from lowering; if the lowest adjacent seedling tray is not blocked, the lowest seedling tray moves downwards along with the guide plate of the seedling tray support assembly, if the blockage occurs, the seedling tray is separated by the forced separation of the seedling tray by the scraping hook on the guide plate of the seedling tray support assembly and then descends to the roller of the rack conveying assembly, the automatic supply of the seedling tray is realized, and the problem that the automatic tray supply is difficult due to the deformation of the seedling tray in the production process is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an automatic tray feeder for rice seedling raising and seeding (including a rack conveying assembly) according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial cross-sectional structure of an automatic tray feeding device for rice seedling raising and seeding (including a rack conveying assembly) according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of an automatic tray feeding device for rice seedling raising and seeding (including a rack conveying assembly) according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of an automatic tray feeder for rice seedling raising and seeding according to the present invention (including a rack conveying assembly);
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional and isometric view of the denture assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a pull-down assembly of the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a rack conveying assembly 1, a rack 1-1, rollers 1-2, a conveying shaft 1-3, a conveying speed reducing motor 1-4, a chain wheel 1-5, a seedling tray supporting and pulling assembly 2, a guide frame 2-1, a limiting plate 2-2, a support 2-3, ratchets 2-4, an extended plate 2-5, a support pipe 2-6, a scraping hook 2-7, a pulling plate 2-8, a connecting plate 2-9, a front guide frame 2-10, a return spring 2-11, a boosting spring 2-12, a support plate 2-13, a seedling tray supporting and lifting assembly 3, a lower connecting rod 3-1, a pin shaft 3-2, a sliding rail 3-3, an upper connecting rod 3-4, a transverse pull rod 3-5, a supporting wheel 3-6, a longitudinal pull rod 3-8, a supporting and lifting speed reducing motor 3-9, a supporting and a lifting speed reducing motor 3-9, A driving disc 3-10, a control assembly 4, a controller 4-1, a conveying photoelectric sensor 4-2, a lifting photoelectric sensor 4-3 and a seedling tray 5.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. The technical characteristics in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined correspondingly without mutual conflict.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an automatic tray feeding device for rice seedling raising and seeding is provided, which includes a frame conveying assembly 1, a tray supporting and pulling assembly 2, a tray lifting assembly 3 and a control assembly 4.
The frame conveying assembly 1 comprises a frame for providing mounting sites for other assemblies and a driving mechanism for providing power for conveying seedling trays; the seedling tray supporting and pulling assembly 2 supports the seedling trays by adopting ratchets and works intermittently, is nested and arranged on the frame conveying assembly 1, and jacks up all the seedling trays and drops down one seedling tray at the bottommost part under the action of the seedling tray supporting and pulling assembly 3; the seedling tray lifting assembly 3 adopts a combined form of a crank block mechanism and a fork type lifting mechanism, and the fork type lifting mechanism is pulled by the crank block mechanism, so that the lifting of a guide plate of the seedling tray lifting assembly 2 is realized; the control assembly 4 is used for detecting the position of a seedling tray conveyed currently on the rack conveying assembly 1, and controlling the seedling tray lifting assembly 2 to start again to work when the seedling tray moves beyond the preset position on the rack conveying assembly 1, so as to perform next tray supply action.
The detailed structure and the implementation principle of the frame conveying assembly 1, the seedling tray supporting and pulling assembly 2, the seedling tray lifting assembly 3 and the control assembly 4 are described in detail below.
In the embodiment, the rack conveying assembly 1 comprises a rack 1-1, rollers 1-2, a conveying shaft 1-3, a conveying speed reducing motor 1-4 and chain wheels 1-5, wherein the conveying speed reducing motor 1-4 is fixed on one side of the rack 1-1, and the rollers 1-2 are fixed on the conveying shaft 1-3. The conveying shafts 1-3 are provided with a plurality of branches, each conveying shaft 1-3 is uniformly and parallelly arranged on two longitudinal beams of the rack 1-1 through a bearing, and one end of each conveying shaft 1-3 forms chain transmission through a chain wheel and a chain; the power output shaft of the conveying speed reducing motor 1-4 is fixedly connected with the other end of the conveying shaft 1-3 arranged at the end part of the machine frame 1-1 through a coupler.
In the embodiment, the seedling tray support assembly 2 comprises a rear guide frame 2-1, a limiting plate 2-2, a support 2-3, a ratchet 2-4, an extended surface 2-5, a support pipe 2-6, a scraping hook 2-7, a traction plate 2-8, a connecting plate 2-9, a front guide frame 2-10, a return spring 2-11, a boosting spring 2-12 and a support plate 2-13; the rear guide frame 2-1 and the front guide frame 2-10 are divided into two groups, a group of rear guide frame 2-1 and a group of front guide frame 2-10 are respectively fixed on the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam of the frame 1-1, and the two rear guide frames 2-1 and the two front guide frames 2-10 form a closed space which can just stack seedling trays. And the shape and size formed by the projections of the two guide frames 2-1 and the two front guide frames 2-10 on the horizontal plane are consistent with the external dimension of a standard seedling tray. Four supports 2-3 are divided into two groups and respectively fixed on a left longitudinal beam and a right longitudinal beam of a rack 1-1, four ratchets 2-4 are respectively hinged with the four supports 2-3, and return springs 2-11 are arranged on hinge shafts of the supports 2-3 and the ratchets 2-4, so that four support tooth assemblies are formed; the four limit plates 2-2 are divided into two groups and symmetrically fixed on the inner side of the rack 1-1 respectively, and in this embodiment, fixed on the inner sides of the two beams of the rack 1-1. Each limiting plate 2-2 is positioned between two adjacent conveying shafts 1-3, and each group of limiting plates 2-2 and the beam of the rack 1-1 form a group of vertical guide structures; the support plates 2-13 are horizontally arranged at the bottom of the enclosed space and are supported by the seedling tray lifting assembly 3. The two parallel extended surface units 2-5 are fixed on two sides of the support board 2-13 along the vertical direction, and each extended surface unit 2-5 is composed of three guiding boards which are on the same plane and connected with the bottom, and the whole extended surface unit is in a 'mountain' shape structure. The guide plates positioned on two sides in each extended surface 2-5 are matched with a group of vertical guide structures, and the extended surface 2-5 and the limit plate 2-2 form an extended pair for limiting the vertical sliding of the extended surface 2-5; the support tubes 2-6 are fixed on the support plates 2-13 through the connecting plates 2-9. The two extended surface plates 2-5 are respectively provided with a pull-down component on the guide plate in the middle, each pull-down component comprises two scraping hooks 2-7, two force-increasing springs 2-12 and a dragging plate 2-8, wherein the two scraping hooks 2-7 are arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the dragging plate 2-8 through hinges, the force-increasing springs 2-12 are arranged on hinge shafts between the scraping hooks 2-7 and the dragging plate 2-8, so that the scraping hooks 2-7 form an angle with an opening facing downwards with the surface of the dragging plate 2-8 under the condition of not bearing external force, and the lower ends of the dragging plates 2-8 are fixed on the guide plate in the middle of the extended surface plates 2-5.
In addition, in order to ensure the smoothness of the up-and-down sliding of the above-mentioned extended surface plate 2-5, vertical guide grooves are respectively arranged on the guide plates at the two sides of the extended surface plate 2-5, the inner side of the frame 1-1 beam is provided with a guide bearing, and the guide grooves and the guide bearings form a sliding pair.
In this embodiment, the hinge of the ratchet 2-4 is an eccentric structure, one side of the lower part of the hinge hole is a circle, and the other side of the hinge hole is a combined structure of a square and a circular arc. Specifically, the ratchet 2-4 is integrally arc-shaped, the bottom surface of the ratchet 2-4 below the hinge hole is composed of a tangent arc surface part and a tangent plane part, the bottom surface of the ratchet 2-4 is in contact with the support 2-3 through the plane part under the action of the return spring 2-11, so that the ratchet 2-4 cannot rotate around the hinge shaft continuously, and the ratchet 2-4 is at an inward limit position in the state. When the ratchets 2-4 receive the torque of the external force to rotate reversely, the arc surface part on the other side can not contact with the support 2-3 to form the rotation limitation, so the ratchets can rotate reversely on the other side, and the square part on the lower part of the ratchets 2-4 and the support 2-3 form the structure of unidirectional rotation in the embodiment. When in use, when the extended surface is at the lower limit position, the guide plates at the two sides of the extended surface 2-5 are positioned below the circular arc of the ratchets 2-4, and the ratchets 2-4 are at the limit position; when the extended.
In the embodiment, a hinge shaft of the hinge connection between the drag plate 2-8 and the scraping hook 2-7 is horizontal, and the scraping hook 2-7 is in an opening state according to an initial opening and closing angle under the action of the boosting spring 2-12; when the scraping hooks 2-7 are pressed by the side part of the seedling tray 5 in the upward moving process, the scraping hooks can retract and avoid in the direction smaller than the initial opening and closing angle by rotating around the hinge shaft; the scraping hooks 2-7 are restricted from rotating in a direction larger than the initial opening and closing angle when being clamped to the side edge of the seedling tray 5 in the downward moving process, so that downward pressure is applied to the seedling tray 5 to separate the seedling tray 5 above. The scraping hooks 2-7 are mainly used for exerting acting force on the seedling tray 5 positioned below when the upper seedling tray 5 and the lower seedling tray 5 are adhered due to deformation of the seedling tray 5, and the seedling tray 5 positioned above is supported by the tail ends of the ratchets 2-4 and cannot move downwards, so that the seedling tray 5 positioned below can be separated from the seedling tray 5 positioned above.
In this embodiment, the number of the transport axes 1-3 is four, and the three guide plates of each of the extended surface plates 2-5 are respectively spaced between the four transport axes 1-3.
In the embodiment, the seedling tray lifting assembly 3 comprises a lower connecting rod 3-1, a pin shaft 3-2, a slide rail 3-3, an upper connecting rod 3-4, a transverse pull rod 3-5, a riding wheel 3-6, a longitudinal pull rod 3-8, a lifting speed reduction motor 3-9 and a driving disc 3-10. The number of the sliding rails 3-3 is four, and all the sliding rails are groove-shaped rails, two sliding rails 3-3 positioned above are fixed on the bottom surface of the support plate 2-13 in parallel, and the other two sliding rails 3-3 positioned below are fixed below the rack 1-1 in parallel. The two upper slide rails 3-3 and the two lower slide rails 3-3 are opposite to each other in pairs to form two groups of rails matched with the two subsequent groups of scissors mechanisms. The lower connecting rods 3-1 and the upper connecting rods 3-4 have the same structure, and the two lower connecting rods 3-1 are respectively hinged with the middle parts of the two upper connecting rods 3-4 through pin shafts 3-2, so that two groups of scissor mechanisms are formed. The upper and lower sliding rails 3-3 and the shearing fork mechanism positioned between the upper and lower sliding rails 3-3 form a group of fork type lifting mechanism. The support plates 2-13 are support plates for supporting the upper support tubes 2-6, the connecting plates 2-9 and the like, are arranged in parallel, and two sides of each support plate 2-13 are supported and controlled by a group of fork type lifting mechanisms respectively. In each group of fork type lifting mechanisms, one end of a lower connecting rod 3-1 is connected with one end of a sliding rail 3-3 fixed on a rack 1-1, the other end of the lower connecting rod 3-1 is provided with a riding wheel 3-6 capable of freely rolling, and the riding wheel 3-6 extends into the sliding rail 3-3 fixed at the lower part of a support plate 2-13 to form a sliding pair; the upper end of the upper connecting rod 3-4 is hinged with one end of a sliding rail 3-3 fixed at the lower part of the support plate 2-13, the lower end of the upper connecting rod 3-4 is also provided with a riding wheel 3-6, and the riding wheel 3-6 extends into the sliding rail 3-3 fixed at the lower part of the frame 1-1 to form a sliding pair. The centers of one ends of the lower connecting rod 3-1 and the upper connecting rod 3-4 which are connected through the hinge are in the same vertical plane. The two groups of fork type lifting mechanisms are driven to lift through a crank slider mechanism, the crank slider mechanism comprises cross pull rods 3-5 and longitudinal pull rods 3-8, lifting speed reducing motors 3-9 and driving discs 3-10, two ends of each cross pull rod 3-5 are respectively hinged to the middle lower parts of upper connecting rods 3-4 on two sides, one end of each longitudinal pull rod 3-8 is hinged to the middle part of each cross pull rod 3-5, and the other end of each longitudinal pull rod 3-8 is hinged to the edge of each driving disc 3-10. The lifting speed reducing motor 3-9 is fixed at the lower part of the frame 1-1, the driving disc 3-10 is fixed on the output shaft of the lifting speed reducing motor 3-9, the driving disc 3-10 is driven by the lifting speed reducing motor 3-9 to drive the eccentrically fixed longitudinal pull rod 3-8 to reciprocate, and then the two groups of fork type lifting mechanisms are synchronously driven by the transverse pull rod 3-5 to carry out vertical reciprocating motion on the support plate 2-13. For convenience of subsequent description, it is defined that the support plate 2-13 moves downward when the driving disc 3-10 drives the drag link 3-8 to move leftward, and the support plate 2-13 moves upward when the driving disc 3-10 drives the drag link 3-8 to move rightward, based on the direction shown in fig. 3.
In the embodiment, the support tubes 2-6 and the connecting plates 2-9 together form an annular support structure which is sleeved outside the two conveying shafts 1-3 but is not in contact with the conveying shafts 1-3 on the support plates 2-13, and the height of the support tubes 2-6 is adjustable; the supporting plate 2-13 keeps a certain distance from the conveying shaft 1-3 without interference when the supporting tube 2-6 is at the upper limit position, and the supporting plate 2-13 is lower than the top of the roller 1-2 but does not interfere with the conveying shaft 1-3 when the supporting tube 2-6 is at the lower limit position, so that the seedling tray 5 falling on the annular supporting structure can be conveyed downstream under the driving of the roller 1-2.
In the embodiment, the control assembly 4 comprises a controller 4-1, a conveying photoelectric sensor 4-2 and a lifting photoelectric sensor 4-3, wherein the conveying photoelectric sensor 4-2 and the lifting photoelectric sensor 4-3 are both electrically connected with the controller 4-1, the controller 4-1 is fixed on the outer side of the frame 1-1, the conveying photoelectric sensor 4-2 is fixed on the upper part of a beam of the frame and positioned on the outer side of the front guide frame 2-10, and the photoelectric sensor 4-3 is fixed on the lower part of the frame 1-1 and close to the driving disc 3-10. The conveying photoelectric sensor 4-2 is used for sensing the position of a seedling tray currently conveyed on the rack conveying assembly 1, and the lifting photoelectric sensor 4-3 is used for sensing the position information of the longitudinal pull rod 3-8.
Based on the automatic tray supply device for rice seedling raising and sowing, the invention also provides an automatic tray supply method for rice seedling raising and sowing, which comprises the following steps:
s1, starting reset: the automatic rice seedling raising and seeding tray supply device is started through the control assembly 4, the controller 4-1 receives a signal of a conveying photoelectric sensor 4-2 and controls the lifting speed reducing motor 3-9 to work, the lifting speed reducing motor 3-9 drives the driving disc 3-10 to rotate, the driving disc 3-10 drives the longitudinal pull rod 3-8 to move leftwards, the longitudinal pull rod 3-8 drives the transverse pull rod 3-5 to move leftwards, the transverse pull rod 3-5 moves leftwards so as to push the two upper connecting rods 3-4 to synchronously move leftwards to a left limit position, the upper connecting rod 3-4 and the lower connecting rod 3-1 are the same in structural size and are hinged at the middle part, the two groups of upper connecting rods 3-4 and the supporting wheels 3-6 at the end part of the lower connecting rod 3-1 synchronously roll on the sliding rails 3-3, and finally the supporting plate 2-13 of the seedling tray supporting assembly 2 reaches the lower limit position in a translational manner, at the moment, the lifting photoelectric sensor 4-3 senses the position information of the longitudinal pull rod 3-8, and the controller 4-1 controls the lifting speed-reducing motor 3-9 to stop rotating; at the moment, the ratchet 2-4 is in the limit position towards the inner side of the machine frame 1-1 under the action of the return spring 2-11;
s2, adding seedling trays: after the step S1 is completed, the seedling trays 5 are sequentially added into the enclosed space formed by the rear guide frame 2-1 and the front guide frame 2-10 and are stacked layer by layer, and the side edge of the seedling tray 5 at the lowest position is supported at the upper part of the frame conveying assembly 1 by the tooth ends of the four ratchets 2-4;
s3, supporting and lifting a seedling tray: the whole sowing production line is started to work through the control assembly 4, the rack conveying assembly 1 starts to work, the driving power of the conveying speed reducing motor 1-4 is input into the conveying shafts 1-3, and all the conveying shafts 1-3 of the rack conveying assembly 1 rotate at the same speed and in the same direction through chain transmission; meanwhile, the controller 4-1 controls the lifting speed-reducing motor 3-9 to rotate, the driving disc 3-10 drives the longitudinal pull rod 3-8 to enable the transverse pull rod 3-5 to move rightwards, the support plate 2-13 moves upwards under the action of the upper connecting rod 3-4 and the lower connecting rod 3-1, meanwhile, the annular support structure formed by the support tube 2-6 and the connecting plate 2-9 on the support plate 2-13 also moves upwards, the extension plate 2-5 also moves upwards synchronously with the support plate 2-13, the free end outside the scraping hook 2-7 touches the seedling tray and then rotates towards the surface of the pulling plate 2-8 to realize retraction and avoidance, after the support tube 2-6 is contacted with the seedling tray 5 at the lowest part, all the seedling trays 5 are lifted upwards, meanwhile, the ratchets 2-4 do not support the seedling trays and further move upwards along with the support plate 2-13, the guide plates at the two ends of the extended surface plate 2-5 push the ratchets 2-4 to the outer side of the seedling guide plate; when the support plate 2-13 reaches the upper limit position in a translation way, the support plate 2-13 moves downwards along with the continuous rotation of the driving disc 3-10, and when the guide plates at the two ends of the extended surface plate 2-5 are positioned below the ratchets 2-4, the tail ends of the ratchets 2-4 extend into the lower parts of the two side edges of the second seedling tray 5 from bottom to top under the action of the reset springs 2-11 and support all the seedling trays 5 above the tail ends of the ratchets 2-4;
s4, seedling tray descending: after the step S3 is completed, the support plates 2-13 further move downwards along with the continuous rotation of the driving discs 3-10, if the lowest seedling tray 5 and the seedling tray 5 adjacent to the lowest seedling tray 5 are not deformed and no clamping stagnation exists between the seedling trays 5, the lowest seedling tray 5 falls on the support pipes 2-6 and descends along with the support pipes 2-6; if the lowest seedling tray 5 and the seedling tray 5 adjacent to the lowest seedling tray are blocked due to deformation, the four scraping hooks 2-7 are clamped on the side edge of the lowest seedling tray 5 and move downwards along with the dragging plates 2-8, so that the blocked lowest seedling tray 5 is separated from the seedling tray adjacent to the lowest seedling tray and falls on the supporting pipes 2-6 under the action of gravity; when the support plate 2-13 continuously descends to a lower limit position, the support pipe 2-6 is positioned between the rollers 1-2, the lifting photoelectric sensor 4-3 senses a position signal of the longitudinal pull rod 3-8, the lifting speed reduction motor 3-9 stops rotating, and the seedling tray 5 falling to the rollers 1-2 is conveyed forwards under the action of the rollers 1-2; the front end of the seedling tray 5 moves to the front guide frame 2-10 and continues to move forwards after touching the shading plate of the photoelectric sensor 4-2, thus completing one-time automatic tray supply; when the rear end of the seedling tray 5 leaves the shading plate of the conveying photoelectric sensor 4-2, the controller 4-1 controls the lifting speed-reducing motor 3-9 to rotate, and the next automatic seedling tray supply is started.
In this embodiment, after the seedling tray completes the automatic tray supplying process, the seedling tray is continuously conveyed to enter a subsequent seeding assembly for a seeding process. Of course, in other embodiments, the two portions may be implemented separately.
In conclusion, the invention reasonably designs the frame conveying assembly, the seedling tray supporting and pulling assembly, the seedling tray lifting assembly and the control assembly, so that the seedling tray supporting and pulling assembly realizes that the seedling tray is integrally supported upwards and a single seedling tray falls down through the position matching of the ratchets and the guide plate, and the elastic scraping hooks on the guide plate are used for forcibly crossing the adjacent seedling trays which are stopped to separate, thereby realizing that the deformed and undeformed seedling trays can be automatically supplied, and meeting the requirement of uninterrupted seeding.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which should not be construed as limiting the invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the technical scheme obtained by adopting the mode of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic tray supply device for rice seedling raising and seeding is characterized by comprising a rack conveying assembly (1), a seedling tray supporting and pulling assembly (2), a seedling tray lifting assembly (3) and a control assembly (4);
the rack conveying assembly (1) comprises a rack for providing mounting sites for other assemblies and a driving mechanism for providing power for conveying seedling trays;
the seedling tray supporting and pulling assembly (2) adopts ratchets to support the seedling trays and works intermittently, is nested on the frame conveying assembly (1), and jacks up all the seedling trays and falls down to the bottommost seedling tray under the action of the seedling tray lifting assembly (3);
the seedling tray lifting assembly (3) adopts a combined form of a crank block mechanism and a fork type lifting mechanism, and the fork type lifting mechanism is pulled by the crank block mechanism, so that the lifting of a guide plate of the seedling tray lifting assembly (2) is realized;
the control assembly (4) is used for detecting the position of a seedling tray conveyed currently on the rack conveying assembly (1), and controlling the seedling tray lifting assembly (2) to start working again when the seedling tray moves beyond the preset position on the rack conveying assembly (1) so as to perform next tray supply action.
2. The automatic tray feeding device for rice seedling raising and seeding according to claim 1, wherein the tray pulling assembly (2) comprises a rear guide frame (2-1), a limiting plate (2-2), a support (2-3), ratchets (2-4), an extended surface plate (2-5), a supporting tube (2-6), a scraping hook (2-7), a dragging plate (2-8), a connecting plate (2-9), a front guide frame (2-10), a return spring (2-11), a boosting spring (2-12) and a supporting plate (2-13); the rear guide frame (2-1) and the front guide frame (2-10) are divided into two groups, a group of rear guide frame (2-1) and a group of front guide frame (2-10) are respectively fixed on the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam of the frame (1-1), and the two rear guide frames (2-1) and the two front guide frames (2-10) form a closed space in which seedling trays can be just stacked; four supports (2-3) are divided into two groups and respectively fixed on the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam of the rack (1-1), four ratchets (2-4) are respectively hinged with the four supports (2-3), and return springs (2-11) are arranged on hinge shafts of the supports (2-3) and the ratchets (2-4); the four limiting plates (2-2) are divided into two groups and are symmetrically fixed on the inner side of the rack (1-1) respectively, each limiting plate (2-2) is positioned between two adjacent conveying shafts (1-3), and each group of limiting plates (2-2) and a beam of the rack (1-1) form a group of vertical guide structures; the support plate (2-13) is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the enclosed space and is supported by the seedling tray lifting assembly (3); the two parallel extended surfaces (2-5) are respectively fixed on two sides of the support plate (2-13) along the vertical direction, each extended surface (2-5) is composed of three extended surfaces which are positioned on the same plane and the bottom of which is connected, the extended surfaces positioned on two sides in each extended surface (2-5) are matched with a group of the vertical extended structures, and the extended surface (2-5) and the limit plate (2-2) form an extended pair for limiting the vertical sliding of the extended surface (2-5); a plurality of support tubes (2-6) are fixed on the support plate (2-13) through connecting plates (2-9); the two extended surface plates (2-5) are respectively provided with a pull-down component on the guide plate positioned in the middle; in each pull-down assembly, two scraping hooks (2-7) are arranged on the inner side of the upper part of a dragging plate (2-8) through hinges, a force-increasing spring (2-12) is arranged on a hinge shaft between the scraping hooks (2-7) and the dragging plate (2-8), so that the scraping hooks (2-7) form an opening downward included angle with the surface of the dragging plate (2-8) under the state of not receiving external force, and the lower end of the dragging plate (2-8) is fixed on a guide plate in the middle of the extending plate (2-5).
3. The automatic tray feeding device for rice seedling raising and seeding as claimed in claim 2, wherein the tray lifting assembly (3) comprises a lower connecting rod (3-1), a pin shaft (3-2), a sliding rail (3-3), an upper connecting rod (3-4), a transverse pull rod (3-5), a supporting wheel (3-6), a longitudinal pull rod (3-8), a lifting speed reducing motor (3-9) and a driving tray (3-10); the number of the sliding rails (3-3) is four, and the sliding rails are all groove-shaped rails, two sliding rails (3-3) positioned above are fixed on the bottom surfaces of the supporting plates (2-13) in parallel, and the other two sliding rails (3-3) positioned below are fixed below the rack (1-1) in parallel; the lower connecting rods (3-1) and the upper connecting rods (3-4) have the same structure, and the two lower connecting rods (3-1) are respectively hinged with the middle parts of the two upper connecting rods (3-4) through pin shafts (3-2) to form a shearing fork mechanism; the upper and lower sliding rails (3-3) and the shearing fork mechanism positioned between the upper and lower sliding rails (3-3) form a group of fork type lifting mechanisms, and two sides of the support plates (2-13) are respectively supported and controlled by the group of fork type lifting mechanisms; in each group of fork type lifting mechanisms, one end of a lower connecting rod (3-1) is connected with one end of a sliding rail (3-3) fixed on a rack (1-1), the other end of the lower connecting rod (3-1) is provided with a riding wheel (3-6), the riding wheel (3-6) extends into the sliding rail (3-3) fixed at the lower part of a support plate (2-13) to form a sliding pair, the upper end of an upper connecting rod (3-4) is hinged with one end of the sliding rail (3-3) fixed at the lower part of the support plate (2-13), the lower end of the upper connecting rod (3-4) is also provided with the riding wheel (3-6), and the riding wheel (3-6) extends into the sliding rail (3-3) fixed at the lower part of the rack (1-1) to form a sliding pair; two ends of a transverse pull rod (3-5) are respectively hinged with the middle lower parts of the upper connecting rods (3-4) at two sides, one end of a longitudinal pull rod (3-8) is hinged with the middle part of the transverse pull rod (3-5), and the other end of the longitudinal pull rod (3-8) is hinged with the edge of a driving disc (3-10); the lifting speed reducing motor (3-9) is fixed at the lower part of the rack (1-1), the driving disc (3-10) is fixed on an output shaft of the lifting speed reducing motor (3-9), the driving disc (3-10) is driven by the lifting speed reducing motor (3-9) to drive the eccentrically fixed longitudinal pull rod (3-8) to reciprocate, and then the transverse pull rod (3-5) is used for synchronously driving the two groups of fork type lifting mechanisms to carry out vertical reciprocating motion on the support plate (2-13).
4. The automatic tray feeding device for rice seedling raising and seeding according to claim 2, wherein vertical guide grooves are formed in the guide plates on both sides of the extended surface plate (2-5), guide bearings are arranged on the inner sides of the beams of the frame (1-1), and the guide grooves and the guide bearings form sliding pairs.
5. The automatic tray feeding device for rice seedling raising and seeding as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the ratchet (2-4) is arc-shaped as a whole, the bottom surface of the ratchet (2-4) below the hinge hole consists of a tangent arc surface part and a tangent plane part, the bottom surface of the ratchet (2-4) is contacted with the support (2-3) through the plane part under the action of the return spring (2-11), so that the ratchet (2-4) cannot rotate around the hinge shaft continuously, and the ratchet (2-4) is at an inward limit position in the state; when the extended template (2-5) is at the lower limit position, the guide plates at the two sides of the extended template (2-5) are positioned below the arc shape of the ratchet (2-4), and the ratchet (2-4) is at the limit position; when the extended surface of the extended surface (2 extended surface of the extended surface (2-extended surface of the extended surface (extended surface of the extended surface.
6. The automatic tray feeding device for rice seedling raising and seeding as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the hinge axis of the hinge connection between the dragging plate (2-8) and the scraping hook (2-7) is horizontal, and the scraping hook (2-7) is in an open state according to the initial opening and closing angle under the action of the boosting spring (2-12); when the scraping hooks (2-7) are pressed by the side part of the seedling tray (5) in the upward moving process, the scraping hooks can retract and avoid in the direction smaller than the initial opening and closing angle by rotating around the hinge shaft; when the scraping hooks (2-7) are clamped to the side edge of the seedling tray (5) in the downward moving process, the scraping hooks are limited to rotate towards the direction larger than the initial opening and closing angle, so that downward pressure is applied to the seedling tray (5) to separate the seedling tray (5) from the upper part.
7. The automatic tray feeding device for rice seedling raising and seeding according to claim 2, wherein the conveying shafts (1-3) are four, and the three guiding plates of each of the extended surface plates (2-5) are respectively distributed among the four conveying shafts (1-3) at intervals.
8. The automatic tray feeding device for rice seedling raising and seeding as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the supporting tubes (2-6) and the connecting plates (2-9) together form an annular supporting structure which is sleeved outside the two conveying shafts (1-3) but is not in contact with the conveying shafts (1-3) on the supporting plates (2-13), and the height of the supporting tubes (2-6) is adjustable; the supporting pipes (2-6) have upper limit positions and lower limit positions in the process of reciprocating up and down along with the supporting plates (2-13), the supporting plates (2-13) keep a certain distance from the conveying shafts (1-3) without interference when the supporting pipes (2-6) are located at the upper limit positions, and the supporting pipes (2-6) are lower than the tops of the rollers (1-2) but do not interfere with the conveying shafts (1-3) when the supporting pipes (2-6) are located at the lower limit positions, so that seedling trays (5) falling on the annular supporting structure can be conveyed downstream under the driving of the rollers (1-2).
9. The automatic tray feeding device for rice seedling raising and seeding as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control assembly (4) comprises a controller (4-1), a conveying photoelectric sensor (4-2) and a lifting photoelectric sensor (4-3), the conveying photoelectric sensor (4-2) and the lifting photoelectric sensor (4-3) are electrically connected with the controller (4-1), the conveying photoelectric sensor (4-2) is used for sensing the position of a seedling tray currently conveyed on the rack conveying assembly (1), and the lifting photoelectric sensor (4-3) is used for sensing the position information of a longitudinal pull rod (3-8).
10. An automatic seedling tray supplying method using the automatic tray supplying device for rice seedling raising and seeding according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
s1, starting reset: the automatic rice seedling raising and seeding tray supply device is started through the control assembly (4), the controller (4-1) receives signals of the photoelectric sensor (4-2) and controls the lifting speed reducing motor (3-9) to work, the lifting speed reducing motor (3-9) drives the driving disc (3-10) to rotate, the driving disc (3-10) drives the longitudinal pull rod (3-8) to move leftwards, the longitudinal pull rod (3-8) drives the transverse pull rod (3-5) to move leftwards, the transverse pull rod (3-5) moves leftwards so as to push the two upper connecting rods (3-4) to synchronously move leftwards to a left limit position, and the upper connecting rods (3-4) and the lower connecting rods (3-1) are identical in structural size and are hinged to each other in the middle, and the two groups of upper connecting rods (3-4) and the supporting wheels (3-6) at the end parts of the lower connecting rods (3-1) synchronously roll on the sliding rails (3-3) Finally, a support plate (2-13) of the seedling tray support assembly (2) is enabled to translate to reach a lower limit position, at the moment, a lifting photoelectric sensor (4-3) senses the position information of a longitudinal pull rod (3-8), and a controller (4-1) controls a support and lifting speed reduction motor (3-9) to stop rotating; at the moment, the ratchet (2-4) is in the limit position facing the inner side of the rack (1-1) under the action of the return spring (2-11);
s2, adding seedling trays: after the step S1 is completed, the seedling trays (5) are sequentially added into an enclosed space formed by the rear guide frame (2-1) and the front guide frame (2-10) and are stacked layer by layer, and the side edge of the seedling tray (5) at the lowest position is supported on the upper part of the frame conveying assembly (1) by the tooth ends of the four ratchets (2-4);
s3, supporting and lifting a seedling tray: the whole sowing production line is started to work through the control assembly (4), the rack conveying assembly (1) starts to work, the driving power of the conveying speed reducing motor (1-4) is input into the conveying shafts (1-3), and all the conveying shafts (1-3) of the rack conveying assembly (1) rotate at the same speed and in the same direction through chain transmission; meanwhile, the controller (4-1) controls the lifting speed-reducing motor (3-9) to rotate, the driving disc (3-10) drives the longitudinal pull rod (3-8) to enable the transverse pull rod (3-5) to move rightwards, the support plate (2-13) moves upwards under the action of the upper connecting rod (3-4) and the lower connecting rod (3-1), meanwhile, an annular support structure formed by the support pipe (2-6) and the connecting plate (2-9) on the support plate (2-13) also moves upwards, the seed extension plate (2-5) also moves upwards synchronously along with the support plate (2-13), the free end of the outer side of the scraping hook (2-7) touches the seedling tray and then rotates towards the surface of the pulling plate (2-8) to realize retraction and avoidance, and after the support pipe (2-6) is contacted with the seedling tray (5) at the lowest part, all the seedling trays (5) are lifted upwards, meanwhile, the ratchets (2-4) do not support the seedling tray, and the guide plates at the two ends of the extended surface (2-5) push the ratchets (2-4) to the outer side of the seedling guide plate along with the further upward movement of the support plate (2-13); when the support plate (2-13) translates to an upper limit position, the support plate (2-13) moves downwards along with the continuous rotation of the driving disc (3-10), and when the guide plates at the two ends of the extended surface plate (2-5) are positioned below the ratchets (2-4), the tail ends of the ratchets (2-4) extend into the lower parts of the two side edges of the second seedling disc (5) from bottom to top under the action of the return spring (2-11), and play a role in supporting all the seedling discs (5) above the tail ends of the ratchets (2-4);
s4, seedling tray descending: after the step S3 is completed, the support plates (2-13) further move downwards along with the continuous rotation of the driving discs (3-10), and if the lowest seedling disc (5) and the seedling disc (5) adjacent to the lowest seedling disc (5) are not deformed and clamping stagnation does not exist between the seedling discs (5), the lowest seedling disc (5) falls on the support pipes (2-6) and descends along with the support pipes (2-6); if the lowest seedling tray (5) and the seedling tray (5) adjacent to the lowest seedling tray are blocked due to deformation, the four scraping hooks (2-7) are blocked on the side edge of the lowest seedling tray (5) and move downwards along with the dragging plate (2-8), so that the blocked lowest seedling tray (5) is separated from the seedling tray adjacent to the lowest seedling tray and falls on the supporting pipe (2-6) under the action of gravity; when the support plate (2-13) continuously descends to a lower limit position, the support pipe (2-6) is positioned between the rollers (1-2), meanwhile, the lifting photoelectric sensor (4-3) senses a position signal of the longitudinal pull rod (3-8), the lifting speed-reducing motor (3-9) stops rotating, and a seedling tray (5) falling to the rollers (1-2) is conveyed forwards under the action of the rollers (1-2); the front end of the seedling tray (5) moves to the front guide frame (2-10) and continues to move forwards after touching the shading plate of the photoelectric sensor (4-2) to finish one-time automatic tray supply; when the rear end of the seedling tray (5) leaves the shading plate of the conveying photoelectric sensor (4-2), the controller (4-1) controls the lifting speed-reducing motor (3-9) to rotate, and the next automatic seedling tray supply is started.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210524191.6A CN114803534B (en) | 2022-05-13 | 2022-05-13 | Automatic tray feeding device for rice seedling raising and sowing and method thereof |
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| CN202210524191.6A CN114803534B (en) | 2022-05-13 | 2022-05-13 | Automatic tray feeding device for rice seedling raising and sowing and method thereof |
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