CN114795243A

CN114795243A - Portable brain machine device with multi-channel brain electricity collection and brain electricity stimulation functions

Info

Publication number: CN114795243A
Application number: CN202210524549.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯源; 李亚锋
Original assignee: Nuozhu Technology Shanghai Co ltd
Current assignee: Nuozhu Technology Shanghai Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-05-13
Filing date: 2022-05-13
Publication date: 2022-07-29

Abstract

The utility model relates to a portable brain computer device with multichannel brain electricity is gathered and brain electricity stimulation function, the device includes: electrode unit, switch array, collection functional unit, stimulation functional unit and the control unit, the control unit is used for: responding to an electroencephalogram acquisition task, controlling one or more switches in a switch array, connecting an acquisition functional unit with an electrode, and controlling the acquisition functional unit to acquire electroencephalogram signals according to an acquisition mode; and/or responding to the electroencephalogram stimulation task, controlling one or more switches in the switch array, connecting the stimulation functional unit with the electrode, and controlling the stimulation functional unit to output electrical stimulation to the electrode according to a stimulation mode. According to the device disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure, the switch array is used for selecting the tasks executed by each data channel, so that the same data channel is suitable for different tasks, the function expansion is facilitated, and the portable brain machine device can have the functions of electroencephalogram signal acquisition and electrical stimulation at the same time.

Description

Portable brain machine device with multi-channel brain electricity collection and brain electricity stimulation functions

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of computer technology, and more particularly, to a portable brain-computer device with multi-channel brain electrical acquisition and brain electrical stimulation functions.

Background

In recent years, electroencephalogram signal acquisition based on invasive intracranial electrodes is a field of major concern in brain-computer interface technology development. The electroencephalogram signals are recorded through the intracranial electrodes, the low-pass filtering effect of human tissue structures such as the skull and the scalp is avoided, the electroencephalogram signals with wider frequency range and stronger signal intensity can be obtained, meanwhile, the local field potential signals of multi-neuron discharge can be collected through the design of the electrodes, the electric signals of single neuron cells can also be collected, and an important data base is laid for the related application of brain-computer interfaces. However, invasive surgery is currently only used for patients who require craniotomy due to its complexity and high safety risk.

Epilepsy is currently the second major nervous system disease in china, second only to headache. Chinese epidemiological surveys show that over 1000 million active epileptic patients exist nationwide, with about 30% of epileptic patients requiring treatment by surgical intervention. The scalp and intracranial electroencephalogram monitoring for the epileptic patient for a medium-long term (several days to several weeks) is the key for implementing the treatment. In the related art, a sog electroencephalogram (stereo electroencephalogram) mode is generally adopted, tens of electrodes are implanted in the head of an epileptic, a bedside electroencephalogram machine is used for collecting electroencephalograms of the patient for several weeks to obtain an electroencephalogram, finally, an epileptogenic focus of the patient is determined by a method for identifying the electroencephalogram by a clinician, and a treatment and operation scheme is formulated.

However, the bedside electroencephalograph widely used in clinical practice at present has the defects of large volume, single function and the like, so that the requirement for intracranial electroencephalogram monitoring of patients is difficult to meet.

Disclosure of Invention

The present disclosure provides a brain-computer apparatus.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a brain-computer apparatus including: the device comprises an electrode unit, a switch array, an acquisition functional unit, a stimulation functional unit and a control unit; the control unit is used for: responding to an electroencephalogram acquisition task, controlling one or more switches in a switch array, connecting the acquisition functional unit with electrodes in the electrode unit, and controlling the acquisition functional unit to acquire electroencephalogram signals acquired by the electrodes according to an acquisition mode corresponding to the electroencephalogram acquisition task; and/or responding to the electroencephalogram stimulation task, controlling one or more switches in a switch array, connecting the stimulation function unit with the electrodes in the electrode unit, and controlling the stimulation function unit to output electrical stimulation to the electrodes according to a stimulation mode corresponding to the electroencephalogram stimulation task.

In one possible implementation, the switch includes a primary switch, and the primary switch is configured to: and selecting the connection state of the electrode and the switch array to enable the electrode to carry out the electroencephalogram acquisition task or the electroencephalogram stimulation task.

In a possible implementation manner, the switch includes a secondary switch, and is configured to select a connection state between the switch array and the acquisition functional unit according to the acquisition mode when the electrode performs the electroencephalogram acquisition task.

In a possible implementation manner, the switch includes a secondary switch, and is configured to select a connection state between the switch array and the stimulation function unit according to the stimulation mode when the electrode performs the electroencephalogram stimulation task.

In one possible implementation, the acquisition mode includes a unipolar acquisition mode, and the control unit is further configured to: controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a first electrode to enable the first electrode to be connected with an acquisition branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the first electrode to enable the acquisition branch to be connected with the acquisition function unit; controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a second electrode to enable the second electrode to be connected with an acquisition branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the second electrode to enable the acquisition branch to be connected with a reference circuit; the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively electrodes positioned at preset positions of the brain.

In one possible implementation, the acquisition mode includes a bipolar differential acquisition mode, and the control unit is further configured to: controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a first electrode to enable the first electrode to be connected with an acquisition branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the first electrode to enable the acquisition branch to be connected with the acquisition function unit; controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a second electrode to enable the second electrode to be connected with an acquisition branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the second electrode to enable the acquisition branch to be connected with the acquisition function unit; the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively electrodes positioned at preset positions of the brain.

In a possible implementation manner, the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively connected with a positive voltage signal acquisition interface and a negative voltage signal acquisition interface in the acquisition functional unit.

In one possible implementation, the stimulation mode includes an active stimulation mode, and the control unit is further configured to: controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a third electrode to enable the third electrode to be connected with a stimulation branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the third electrode to enable the stimulation branch to be connected with the stimulation function unit; controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a fourth electrode to enable the fourth electrode to be connected with a stimulation branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the fourth electrode to enable the stimulation branch to be connected with a ground wire; the third electrode is positioned at a preset position of the brain, so that the electric stimulation generated by the stimulation functional unit can reach the preset position, and the fourth electrode is positioned at the preset position of the brain or positioned on the body surface.

In one possible implementation, the active stimulation mode includes an active charge balancing bipolar stimulation mode in which the fourth electrode is located at a preset location on the brain; or the active stimulation mode comprises an active charge balancing unipolar stimulation mode in which the fourth electrode is located on the body surface.

In one possible implementation, the stimulation mode includes a passive stimulation mode, and the control unit is further configured to: controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a third electrode to enable the third electrode to be connected with a stimulation branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the third electrode to enable the stimulation branch to be connected with the stimulation function unit; controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a fourth electrode to enable the fourth electrode to be connected with a stimulation branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the fourth electrode to enable the stimulation branch to be connected with a ground wire; controlling the stimulation functional unit to generate electrical stimulation; controlling the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the third electrode and the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the fourth electrode to be connected to a short circuit; the third electrode is positioned at a preset position of the brain, so that the electric stimulation generated by the stimulation functional unit can reach the preset position, and the fourth electrode is positioned at the preset position of the brain or positioned on the body surface.

In one possible implementation, the passive stimulation mode includes a passive charge-balanced bipolar stimulation mode in which the fourth electrode is located at a preset location on the brain; or the passive stimulation mode comprises a passive charge balancing unipolar stimulation mode in which the fourth electrode is located on the body surface.

In one possible implementation, the control unit is further configured to: acquiring an electrical stimulation trail at least according to the waveform characteristics of the electrical stimulation; and obtaining a target signal according to the acquired electroencephalogram signal and the electrical stimulation trail.

In one possible implementation, the control unit is further configured to: slicing the target signal to obtain a plurality of signal segments; obtaining power spectra of the plurality of signal segments; and determining the brain state corresponding to the signal segment according to the power spectrum and a preset energy threshold.

According to the brain-computer device disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure, the switch array is utilized to select the task executed by each data channel, namely, the electroencephalogram acquisition task or the electroencephalogram stimulation task, so that the same data channel is suitable for different tasks, the quantity of the data channels can be favorably expanded in a single task, the function can be favorably expanded, and the portable brain-computer device can have the functions of electroencephalogram signal acquisition and electrical stimulation at the same time.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure. Other features and aspects of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure;

fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a brain-computer apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an application of a brain-computer apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a control unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of an acquisition functional unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of an acquisition front-end chip according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a stimulation functional unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a communication unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a switch according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of a unipolar acquisition mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 10 shows a schematic diagram of a bipolar differential acquisition mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 11 shows a schematic diagram of a bipolar stimulation mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 12 shows a schematic diagram of a monopolar stimulation mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 13 shows a schematic diagram of an application of a switch array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

Various exemplary embodiments, features and aspects of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numbers can indicate functionally identical or similar elements. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.

The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.

The term "and/or" herein is merely an association describing an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B, may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the term "at least one" herein means any one of a plurality or any combination of at least two of a plurality, for example, including at least one of A, B, C, and may mean including any one or more elements selected from the group consisting of A, B and C.

Furthermore, in the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present disclosure. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present disclosure may be practiced without some of these specific details. In some instances, methods, means, elements and circuits that are well known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present disclosure.

In the related art, the bedside electroencephalograph mainly includes: the device comprises an electrode junction box, an electroencephalogram amplifier, an isolated power supply, a processor, a video camera and the like. Wherein, the electrode junction box and the EEG amplifier of part of models are designed integrally. In terms of power supply, the bedside electroencephalograph supplies power by isolating the power supply and ensuring that the parts are wired in common. The isolated power supply is used for providing a stable and low-noise power supply for the bedside electroencephalograph. In the aspect of data transmission and storage, the electroencephalogram amplifier host is connected with the processor through interfaces such as a USB interface or a LAN network interface and transmits data. Generally, the USB interface supports only electroencephalographs with a low channel number, and for electroencephalographs with more than one hundred channels, a LAN network interface is mainly used, and data is transmitted by a TCP/IP protocol. In terms of data storage, the acquired brain electrical signals are typically stored in a storage medium of the processor. Other peripheral devices, such as video monitoring and electrical stimulation modules, are connected to the system in a certain mode according to requirements. The bedside electroencephalograph is bulky, does not have the portability characteristic, cannot monitor electroencephalogram signals of a user in real time, and cannot apply stimulation to the user in real time to adjust the electroencephalogram signals of the user. In order to adapt to portability, there are also mobile electroencephalographs, wireless electroencephalographs, and the like in the related art. The dynamic electroencephalograph adopts a battery-powered and wearable design, the number of acquisition channels of electroencephalogram signals is generally less than 32, and the acquired electroencephalogram signals are stored in a built-in memory card. Compared with a dynamic electroencephalograph, the wireless electroencephalograph is added with wireless transmission functions such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, and wireless transmission of data can be achieved. In general, the portable electroencephalograph in the related art achieves portability compared to the electroencephalogram bedside system, but the performance and function are greatly limited, difficult to expand, and even impossible to support other functions, for example, an electrical stimulation function.

In order to solve the above problems, the present disclosure relates to a brain-computer device, which has the characteristics of portability, and the like, and can expand the functions of the brain-computer device, so that the brain-computer device has the functions of electroencephalogram signal acquisition, electrical stimulation, and the like.

Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a brain-computer apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, the method including: the electrode unit 11, the switch array 12, the acquisition function unit 13, the stimulation function unit 14 and the control unit 15;

the control unit 15 is configured to:

responding to an electroencephalogram acquisition task, controlling one or more switches in a switch array, connecting the acquisition functional unit with electrodes in the electrode unit, and controlling the acquisition functional unit to acquire electroencephalogram signals acquired by the electrodes according to an acquisition mode corresponding to the electroencephalogram acquisition task; and/or

Responding to the electroencephalogram stimulation task, controlling one or more switches in a switch array, connecting the stimulation functional unit with the electrodes in the electrode unit, and controlling the stimulation functional unit to output electrical stimulation to the electrodes according to a stimulation mode corresponding to the electroencephalogram stimulation task.

In a possible implementation manner, the electrode unit 11 may include a plurality of electrodes disposed at preset positions of a human body of a target object (for example, at preset positions of a brain or at preset positions of other parts), and a high-density connector connecting the electrodes with data channels of the brain-computer device, where the high-density connector may connect the plurality of electrodes with the switch array 12 to control tasks to be performed by the electrodes (for example, performing electroencephalogram acquisition tasks or electroencephalogram stimulation tasks) through the switch array 12, for example, by controlling branches (acquisition branches or stimulation branches) connected to switches in each data channel, so as to control tasks performed by the electrodes corresponding to the data channel to be electroencephalogram acquisition tasks or electroencephalogram stimulation tasks.

In a possible implementation manner, the acquisition functional unit 13 may include a functional unit for performing an acquisition function, for example, may include functional units such as signal amplification, analog-to-digital conversion, and cache, and may be configured to acquire signals of various types such as electroencephalogram signals, electrocardiosignals, and electromyogram signals, and convert the signals into digital signals capable of being processed and analyzed by a processor.

In one possible implementation, the stimulation function unit 14 may output the electrical stimulation through the electrodes by active charge balance, passive charge balance, and the like.

In a possible implementation manner, the control unit 15 may include various controllers, processors, and the like, which may be used to control the switch array according to requirements, so as to control each electrode to execute an electroencephalogram acquisition task or an electroencephalogram stimulation task, control the stimulation function unit to output electrical stimulation in a proper data channel, or control the acquisition function unit to acquire an electroencephalogram signal in a proper data channel.

In a possible implementation manner, through the control of the control unit 15, each switch in the switch array can be controlled according to requirements, and for a certain switch, the switch can be controlled to connect the corresponding electrode with the corresponding interface in the acquisition functional unit or connect with the corresponding interface in the stimulation functional unit, and control the interface of the acquisition functional unit to acquire the electroencephalogram signal or control the interface of the stimulation functional unit to output electrical stimulation, that is, through the control of the switch, it is possible to implement multiple tasks (i.e., electroencephalogram acquisition tasks or electroencephalogram stimulation tasks) executed at different times by using the same electrode (i.e., the same data channel), thereby extending the functions of the brain-computer device, and simultaneously, more efficiently using each data channel, and extending the number of data channels for acquiring the electroencephalogram signal and for electrical stimulation. Furthermore, through the control of a plurality of switches in the switch array, the electroencephalogram acquisition task and the electroencephalogram stimulation task can be simultaneously carried out (for example, part of electrodes and the acquisition functional unit can be controlled, and part of electrodes and the stimulation functional unit can be controlled to be connected), the closed-loop regulation and control of electroencephalogram signals can be realized, and the functions of the brain-computer device can be further expanded. For example, when the electrical stimulation is output, the electroencephalogram signal can be detected, so that the effect of the electrical stimulation can be determined.

Fig. 2 shows an application schematic diagram of a brain machine device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2, the brain machine device may include the above-mentioned electrode Unit 11, a switch Array 12, a collection function Unit 13, a stimulation function Unit 14, and a control Unit 15, where the control Unit 15 may include a hardware drive controller, and the switch Array 12, the collection function Unit 13, and the stimulation function Unit 14 may be controlled based on an instruction of a central controller, so that the electrode is connected to the collection function Unit 13 or the stimulation function Unit 14, the hardware drive controller may include an FPGA (field Programmable Gate Array) or a low power consumption MCU (Microcontroller Unit), and the present disclosure does not limit a specific type of the hardware drive controller. The control unit 15 may further include a central controller and a computing unit, configured to process and analyze the acquired electroencephalogram signal according to a preset electroencephalogram signal analysis algorithm (for example, a software package written into the central controller), and generate an instruction for controlling the hardware driving controller according to task requirements, where the central controller and the computing unit include an FPGA (field programmable gate array) or an ARM-based CPU (central processing unit), and the like, and the specific types of the central controller and the computing unit are not limited in the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a control unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 3, in which dual cores may work cooperatively through a central controller and a hardware driver controller. In the central controller part, task scheduling and management are realized based on an operating system (for example, linux operating system), and the tasks can comprise TCP/IP protocol stack management tasks, are used for realizing networking and data transmission of the brain-computer device, for example, support a communication protocol of a communication module, and send the acquired brain electrical signals or receive information or instructions. The tasks may include electroencephalogram acquisition tasks for performing acquisition functions, and for setting acquisition parameters, such as data channel settings, sampling rate settings, acquisition mode settings, and the like. The tasks may include an electroencephalogram stimulation task for implementing a stimulation function, and performing electrical stimulation parameter setting, such as channel setting, stimulation mode setting, stimulation current intensity setting, and the like. The tasks may include an impedance testing task for performing functions of electrode impedance testing, plating, etc., and may determine impedances of the electrodes and a preset location of the human body (e.g., a preset location of the brain or skin) to more accurately analyze brain electrical signals or input more accurate electrical stimulation. The tasks can comprise signal processing tasks, are used for processing collected electroencephalogram signals, can be written into a machine learning algorithm (such as a software package), can be written into algorithms such as seizure detection and the like in the process of recognizing epilepsy, and can be additionally provided with a filtering algorithm, a tail trace removing algorithm and the like.

In a possible implementation manner, in the hardware drive controller, the bottommost layer software is a hardware configuration (for example, configuration software) directly related to the hardware, after the hardware is virtualized, the hardware can be directly called through the upper layer software, and subsequently, when the bottom layer hardware is changed or updated and iterated, only the configuration software of the bottommost layer hardware configuration and the hardware virtualization layer software need to be adjusted. The top layer is a hardware driving program used for realizing information interaction with the central controller and supporting functions required by various tasks.

In one possible implementation, low power consumption may be achieved by optimizing the task scheduling logic of the operating system. For example, in an electroencephalogram acquisition task, after the acquisition parameters are set, the operating system enters a low-power consumption sleep state, only starts an acquisition task timer, establishes an acquisition task clock signal, and regularly triggers an acquisition data reading function, a TCP/IP transmission function, and the like.

In a possible implementation manner, the acquisition function unit receives an instruction of the hardware drive controller, and acquires electroencephalogram signals through a data channel corresponding to the instruction (the hardware drive controller can also control a switch in the switch array corresponding to the data channel to be connected to the acquisition branch, so that the electroencephalogram acquisition function is realized). The acquired electroencephalogram signals can be transmitted to the hardware drive controller and transmitted to the computing unit for analysis and processing (i.e., high-throughput data stream 2), and the processed results can be transmitted to the communication unit (e.g., a wired or wireless communication unit supporting ethernet, WIFI, bluetooth, USB), and can be transmitted to other devices by the communication unit, or transmitted to a cloud and the like for further analysis and processing, or the processed results can be stored. Or, the electroencephalogram signals collected by the collection function unit can also be directly transmitted to the communication unit (namely, the high-flux data stream 1), the electroencephalogram signals are directly transmitted to other equipment or a cloud end by the communication unit for analysis or storage, and when the electroencephalogram signals are transmitted to the communication unit, the high-flux data stream 1 can be converted by the data conversion interface, for example, the high-flux data stream 1 is converted according to a communication protocol, so that the communication requirement is met.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an acquisition functional unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 4, the acquisition functional unit may receive an instruction of a hardware driving controller to perform functions such as timing control, selection of a data channel, amplification and digitization of a weak electrical signal, and data caching. The low-power consumption FPGA plays roles of logic control, bridging, driving, data interface and the like in the acquisition functional unit. The data interface low-power-consumption FPGA can receive an instruction of the hardware drive controller, the logic control low-power-consumption FPGA determines a time sequence and a data channel, the bridging and the driving low-power-consumption FPGA drive the acquisition front-end chip, and electroencephalogram signal acquisition is carried out through the corresponding data channel in the acquisition front-end chip. The plurality of acquisition front-end chips are respectively controlled by bridging and driving a bridging circuit of the low-power-consumption FPGA, and coordinated control of the acquisition front-end chips is realized by topological structures such as parallel work enable, daisy chain and the like, so that the data channels in the acquisition front-end chips are controlled to carry out acquisition processing based on control logic or time sequence. In the aspect of data acquisition caching, each acquisition front-end chip corresponds to one cache, and when all the acquisition front-end chips work simultaneously, data can be stored in the respective caches, so that the acquisition efficiency of the system is improved, and the aim of high-frequency sampling is fulfilled. All the buffers can be connected to the AHB, an interface driving circuit on the data interface low-power-consumption FPGA provides an access interface for an external circuit, and external equipment (such as a hardware driving controller, a central controller or a communication unit) finishes reading data collected by different channels according to a preset addressing mode, so that the collected electroencephalogram signals are transmitted to the hardware driving controller, the central controller or the communication unit.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of an acquisition front-end chip according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 5, the acquisition front-end chip may include a plurality of data channels and provide functions of amplification, analog-to-digital conversion, and the like of electroencephalogram signals. One acquisition front-end chip may include multiple data channels, e.g., 8, 16, 32, or 64 data channels, with combinations of multiple acquisition front-end chips resulting in 512 channels, 1024 channels, or even more. And the channel number is expanded by combining multiple chips, so that the robustness and maintainability of the acquisition functional unit are improved. In addition, the acquisition front-end chip can also set some acquisition parameters, such as signal input range, filter bandwidth, signal amplification factor, analog-to-digital conversion precision, common-mode rejection ratio, input noise and other parameters. To reduce the impact of high speed digital signals on analog signal acquisition, a differential level digital interface may be employed, for example, to acquire differential signals (e.g., acquire 1+, acquire 1-positive and negative voltage acquisition channels representing data channel 1, i.e., differential signal acquisition channels). The acquisition front-end chip can enable a corresponding data channel through a multi-path selection switch according to instructions of bridging and driving a low-power-consumption FPGA, acquire electroencephalogram signals based on the data channel, amplify weak electroencephalogram signals through an amplifying circuit, and then input the signals to an analog-to-digital conversion unit (ADC) for analog-to-digital conversion processing, so that digital electroencephalogram signals are obtained, the digital electroencephalogram signals are cached through an internal register or transmitted to a cache of an acquisition function unit through interfaces such as SPI (serial peripheral interface), and subsequent transmission and processing are performed. Further, the acquisition front-end chip may also provide a reference voltage source, as well as a common REF network (e.g., a reference circuit network), so that in certain modes, the electrodes may be connected to the reference circuit.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a stimulation functional unit that may include a charge pump and a plurality (e.g., n being a positive integer) of voltage controlled constant current sources of data channels, as shown in fig. 6, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The charge pump may provide power required for outputting the electrical stimulation to the voltage-controlled constant current sources, and the charge pump may provide a voltage of a preset step, for example, a voltage of a step of 1V, 2V, 3V, 4V, 5V, or the like, to each voltage-controlled constant current source. The voltage-controlled constant current source can control the constant current output intensity through analog voltage, and constant current with specific intensity is the electric stimulation, and the electric stimulation can comprise positive current stimulation and negative current stimulation. The stimulation function unit may be controlled by a hardware driving controller, for example, to control timing, to control a data channel outputting electrical stimulation (i.e., to control a voltage-controlled constant current source outputting electrical stimulation), to control a voltage-controlled constant current source to output positive current stimulation or negative current stimulation, to output a form of electrical stimulation (e.g., triangular wave, sine wave, exponential wave, etc.), frequency and intensity, and the like.

In a possible implementation manner, the communication unit may send the electroencephalogram signal or the processing result of the electroencephalogram signal to the outside, and may also receive information of other devices, for example, after the electroencephalogram signal is sent to the other devices for processing, the other devices may send the processing result back to the brain-computer device, and the brain-computer device may receive the processing result through the communication unit, or the brain-computer device may receive an instruction of the other devices through the communication unit, for example, receive an instruction of an upper computer, and the like. The present disclosure is not limited to a particular use of the communication unit.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a communication unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 7, the communication unit may include a wireless communication unit (e.g., the upper half of fig. 7) and/or a wired communication unit (e.g., the lower half of fig. 7), and the communication unit may establish a data connection with another unit (e.g., a central controller or an acquisition function unit) through a USB protocol interface. The central controller can perform data transmission through the USB protocol, so that an additional data conversion interface is not needed. When the acquisition function unit transmits data to the network unit, if the USB protocol is not supported, an additional data conversion interface is required to support the USB protocol. In order to increase the wireless channel capacity, in an example, a multiband and multiaerial technology may be adopted, for example, the communication unit supports dual-band Wi-Fi of 2.4G and 5G, and 2 × 2MIMO antennas are adopted, that is, 4 sets of antennas are required in total, and the wireless communication unit is connected to the radio frequency communication module through a transceiver circuit to implement data transceiving processing. Through the multi-antenna system, the problems of insufficient wireless channel capacity, unstable wireless system and the like are solved. In the wired communication unit, a gigabit network port-to-USB interface chip can be used to realize wired data transmission, or the data can be directly output through a USB interface. Furthermore, the management of the TCP/IP protocol can be implemented in the central controller, whether a wireless communication unit or a wired communication unit is selected, the data transmission schedule for the central controller is consistent, only the selected network ports are different.

In one possible implementation, the brain-computer device may further include a power supply system, which may be a battery, and may provide power to other units, and may also provide power required for electrical stimulation when outputting electrical stimulation.

In a possible implementation manner, the hardware driving controller can control the switch in the switch array to be connected with the acquisition branch or the stimulation branch to control the data channel corresponding to the switch to execute the electroencephalogram acquisition task or the electroencephalogram stimulation task. For example, when a data channel executes an electroencephalogram acquisition task, the hardware drive controller can control a switch corresponding to the data channel in the switch array, the electrode is connected with an interface in the acquisition functional unit through the acquisition branch, the acquisition functional unit is controlled to acquire an electroencephalogram signal acquired by the electrode in the data channel, and further, signal amplification, analog-to-digital conversion and other processing can be performed to complete the electroencephalogram acquisition task of the data channel. For another example, when a certain data channel executes an electroencephalogram stimulation task, the hardware drive controller can control a switch corresponding to the data channel in the switch array, connect the electrode with an interface in the stimulation function unit through the stimulation branch, and control the stimulation function unit to output electrical stimulation with a specific frequency, specific strength and specific waveform, thereby completing the electroencephalogram stimulation task in the data channel.

Fig. 8 illustrates a schematic diagram of a switch according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 8, the switch is a switch corresponding to a certain data channel in a switch array, and one end of the switch is connected to one microneedle of the high-density connector, and the microneedle can be connected to an electrode disposed at a preset position (for example, a preset position on the brain or the skin) of the body of the target object. The switch comprises a primary switch for: and selecting the connection state of the electrode and the switch array to enable the electrode to carry out the electroencephalogram acquisition task or the electroencephalogram stimulation task. That is, the primary switch is used to select which branch the electrode is connected to (e.g., stimulation branch, acquisition branch, or suspended state), and also to select which task the electrode is to perform (e.g., brain electrical acquisition task or brain electrical stimulation task).

In a possible implementation manner, the switch further includes a secondary switch, and the secondary switch is configured to select a connection state between the switch array and the stimulation functional unit according to the stimulation mode when the electrode performs the electroencephalogram stimulation task. For example, the secondary switch is used to select either a connection to a voltage controlled constant current source in the stimulation functional unit, or to ground (i.e., common GND network) or a short circuit (i.e., common short circuit network) depending on the particular stimulation mode.

In a possible implementation manner, the switch includes a secondary switch, and is configured to select a connection state between the switch array and the acquisition functional unit according to the acquisition mode when the electrode performs the electroencephalogram acquisition task. For example, a secondary switch may be used to select the interface connection to the acquisition front-end chip in the acquisition functional unit or to the reference circuit (i.e., common REF network) depending on the particular acquisition mode.

In one possible implementation, the acquisition modes may include a unipolar acquisition mode and a bipolar differential acquisition mode.

In one possible implementation, in the unipolar acquisition mode, the control unit is further configured to: controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a first electrode to enable the first electrode to be connected with an acquisition branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the first electrode to enable the acquisition branch to be connected with the acquisition function unit; controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a second electrode to enable the second electrode to be connected with an acquisition branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the second electrode to enable the acquisition branch to be connected with a reference circuit; the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively electrodes positioned at preset positions of the brain.

Fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of a unipolar acquisition mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 9, two electrodes may be located at preset locations of the brain. The first-level switch of the corresponding switch of the first electrode (i.e., the movable electrode for acquiring electroencephalogram signals) is connected with the acquisition branch, and the second-level switch is connected with the acquisition functional unit, so that the first electrode is connected with an interface of an acquisition front-end chip of the acquisition functional unit, for example, connected with a positive voltage acquisition channel or a negative voltage acquisition channel. The primary switch of the switch corresponding to the second electrode (i.e. the reference electrode providing the reference level) is connected to the acquisition branch and the secondary switch is connected to the reference circuit such that the second electrode is connected to the common REF network. Furthermore, the hardware drive controller can control the acquisition functional unit to acquire the electroencephalogram signals of the data channels corresponding to the two electrodes, and carry out amplification, analog-to-digital conversion and other processing, thereby completing the electroencephalogram acquisition task in a monopolar acquisition mode. And moreover, the plurality of switches can be simultaneously controlled to be connected in the manner, so that the plurality of data channels are controlled to carry out electroencephalogram acquisition tasks in a single-pole acquisition mode. The present disclosure does not limit the number of data channels that perform the electroencephalogram acquisition task in the monopolar acquisition mode.

In one possible implementation, in the bipolar differential acquisition mode, the control unit is further configured to: controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a first electrode to enable the first electrode to be connected with an acquisition branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the first electrode to enable the acquisition branch to be connected with the acquisition function unit; controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a second electrode to enable the second electrode to be connected with an acquisition branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the second electrode to enable the acquisition branch to be connected with the acquisition function unit; wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are electrodes respectively positioned at preset positions of the brain.

Fig. 10 shows a schematic diagram of a bipolar differential acquisition mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 10, two electrodes may be located at preset locations of the brain. Wherein, first electrode and second electrode are the movable electrode that is used for gathering brain electrical signal, and the one-level switch of the switch that the two corresponds all is connected with gathering the branch road, and the second grade switch all is connected with gathering the functional unit, and only a second grade switch is connected to the interface of gathering the positive voltage acquisition channel of the collection front end chip of gathering the functional unit, and another second grade switch is connected to the interface of gathering the negative voltage acquisition channel of the collection front end chip of gathering the functional unit, promptly, first electrode with the second electrode respectively with gather interface (promptly, the interface of positive voltage acquisition channel) and negative voltage signal acquisition interface (promptly, the interface of negative voltage acquisition channel) connection in the functional unit. Furthermore, the hardware drive controller can control the acquisition functional unit to acquire the electroencephalogram signals of the data channels corresponding to the two electrodes, and perform amplification, analog-to-digital conversion and other processing, so that the electroencephalogram acquisition task in the bipolar differential acquisition mode is completed. In addition, the switches can be simultaneously controlled to be connected in the manner, so that a plurality of data channels are controlled to carry out electroencephalogram acquisition tasks in a bipolar differential acquisition mode. The present disclosure does not limit the number of data channels that perform the electroencephalogram acquisition task in the bipolar differential acquisition mode.

In one possible implementation, the stimulation mode may include an active stimulation mode and a passive stimulation mode. The active stimulation mode may include an active charge balancing bipolar stimulation mode and an active charge balancing unipolar stimulation mode. The passive stimulation modes may include a passive charge-balanced bipolar stimulation mode and a passive charge-balanced monopolar stimulation mode.

In one possible implementation, in the active stimulation mode, the control unit is further configured to: controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a third electrode to enable the third electrode to be connected with a stimulation branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the third electrode to enable the stimulation branch to be connected with the stimulation function unit; controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a fourth electrode to enable the fourth electrode to be connected with a stimulation branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the fourth electrode to enable the stimulation branch to be connected with a ground wire; the third electrode is positioned at a preset position of the brain, so that the electric stimulation generated by the stimulation functional unit can reach the preset position, and the fourth electrode is positioned at the preset position of the brain or positioned on the body surface.

Fig. 11 illustrates a schematic diagram of a bipolar stimulation mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 11, in the active charge balance bipolar stimulation mode, both the third electrode and the fourth electrode are movable electrodes, both the switches corresponding to the two electrodes and the switches are connected to the stimulation branch, the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the third electrode is connected to the voltage-controlled constant current source of the stimulation function unit, the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the fourth electrode is connected to a ground (i.e., a common GND network), and the fourth electrode is located at a preset position in the brain. The hardware driving controller can control the voltage-controlled constant current source of the stimulation function unit to output electrical stimulation with preset frequency, preset type and preset intensity, so that an electroencephalogram stimulation task in an active charge balance bipolar stimulation mode is completed, the charges of the brain positions where the third electrode and the fourth electrode are located are balanced by the electrical stimulation in an active output mode, two positions are stimulated, and electroencephalogram signals are adjusted.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a unipolar stimulation mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 12, in the active charge balancing unipolar stimulation mode, the third electrode is a movable electrode, the fourth electrode is a reference electrode, the switches and the switches corresponding to the two electrodes are both connected to the stimulation branch, the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the third electrode is connected to the voltage-controlled constant current source of the stimulation function unit, the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the fourth electrode is connected to the ground (i.e., the common GND network), and the fourth electrode is located on the body surface and provides the reference level. The hardware driving controller can control the voltage-controlled constant current source of the stimulation function unit to output electrical stimulation with preset frequency, preset type and preset intensity, so that an electroencephalogram stimulation task under an active charge balance unipolar stimulation mode is completed, and charge balance is realized between the brain position where the third electrode is located and the body surface in a mode of actively outputting electrical stimulation to the brain position where the third electrode is located, so that the position where the third electrode is located is stimulated, and electroencephalogram signals are adjusted.

In one possible implementation, in the passive stimulation mode, the control unit is further configured to: controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a third electrode to enable the third electrode to be connected with a stimulation branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the third electrode to enable the stimulation branch to be connected with the stimulation function unit; controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a fourth electrode to enable the fourth electrode to be connected with a stimulation branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the fourth electrode to enable the stimulation branch to be connected with a ground wire; controlling the stimulation functional unit to generate electrical stimulation; controlling the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the third electrode and the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the fourth electrode to be connected to a short circuit; the third electrode is positioned at a preset position of the brain, so that the electric stimulation generated by the stimulation functional unit can reach the preset position, and the fourth electrode is positioned at the preset position of the brain or positioned on the body surface.

In one possible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 11, in the passive charge balance bipolar stimulation mode, both the third electrode and the fourth electrode are movable electrodes, the switches and the switches corresponding to the two electrodes are both connected to the stimulation branch, the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the third electrode is connected to the voltage-controlled constant current source of the stimulation function unit, the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the fourth electrode is connected to the ground (i.e., the common GND network), and the fourth electrode is located at a preset position in the brain. The hardware driving controller can control the voltage-controlled constant current source of the stimulation function unit to output electrical stimulation with preset frequency, preset type and preset intensity, and after the output is finished, the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the third electrode and the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the fourth electrode are controlled to be connected to a short circuit (for example, a public short circuit network), so that an electroencephalogram stimulation task in a passive charge balance bipolar stimulation mode is finished, charges at the brain positions of the third electrode and the fourth electrode are connected to the short circuit after the electrical stimulation is output, the charges at the two positions are balanced through short circuit connection, namely, the charges move in the short circuit connection to realize passive charge balance, so that the two positions are stimulated, and electroencephalogram signals are adjusted.

In one possible implementation, as shown in fig. 12, in the passive charge balance unipolar stimulation mode, the third electrode is a movable electrode, the fourth electrode is a reference electrode, the switches and the corresponding switches of the two electrodes are both connected to the stimulation branch, the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the third electrode is connected to the voltage-controlled constant current source of the stimulation function unit, the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the fourth electrode is connected to the ground (i.e., the common GND network), and the fourth electrode is located on the body surface and provides a reference level. The hardware driving controller can control the voltage-controlled constant current source of the stimulation function unit to output electrical stimulation with preset frequency, preset type and preset intensity, and after the output is finished, the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the third electrode and the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the fourth electrode are controlled to be connected to a short circuit (for example, a public short circuit network), so that an electroencephalogram stimulation task in a passive charge balance unipolar stimulation mode is finished, charges of the brain position where the third electrode is located and the body surface where the fourth electrode is located are both connected to the short circuit after the electrical stimulation is output, the charges of the two positions are balanced through short circuit connection, namely, the charges move in the short circuit connection to realize passive charge balance, the position where the third electrode is located is stimulated, and electroencephalogram signals are adjusted.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating an application of a switch array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 13, an 8-contact (each contact can be used as an electrode) sog (stereo electroencephalogram) electrode is connected to a brain device through a high-density connector, and the 8 contacts on the sog electrode can realize different functions through the arrangement of the switch array.

In an example, through switching of the switch array, an electroencephalogram acquisition task in a bipolar differential acquisition mode can be completed between the sEEG contact 8 and the sEEG contact 1, that is, the primary switches of the switches corresponding to the sEEG contact 8 and the sEEG contact 1 are both connected with the acquisition branch, the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the sEEG contact 8 is connected with the negative voltage signal acquisition interface of the acquisition front-end chip of the acquisition function unit, the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the sEEG contact 1 is connected with the positive voltage signal acquisition interface of the acquisition front-end chip of the acquisition function unit, and the electroencephalogram acquisition task in the bipolar differential acquisition mode is completed through the acquisition function unit.

In an example, through switching of switches of the switch array, an electroencephalogram stimulation task in an active charge balance bipolar stimulation mode can be completed between the sEEG contact 4 and the sEEG contact 5, that is, the primary switches of the switches corresponding to the sEEG contact 4 and the sEEG contact 5 are both connected with a stimulation branch, the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the sEEG contact 5 is connected with a voltage-controlled constant current source of the stimulation function unit, and the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the sEEG contact 5 is connected with a ground wire (namely, a public GND network), so that electrical stimulation can be output under the control of the hardware drive controller, and the electroencephalogram stimulation task in the active charge balance bipolar stimulation mode is completed.

In a possible implementation manner, the above two modes are only examples, and the hardware driving controller may control the switch array, the acquisition functional unit and the stimulation functional unit, so that any number of data channels execute electroencephalogram acquisition tasks in any acquisition mode, and/or any number of data channels execute electroencephalogram stimulation tasks in any stimulation mode. Furthermore, the electroencephalogram acquisition task and the electroencephalogram stimulation task can be simultaneously executed (namely, the electroencephalogram acquisition task is executed through part of the data channels, and the electroencephalogram stimulation task is executed through part of the data channels), or the electroencephalogram acquisition task and the electroencephalogram stimulation task are executed at different moments through the same data channels. In an example, an electroencephalogram acquisition task may be executed through some data channels, and a physiological condition of a brain may be determined based on the acquired electroencephalogram signals, for example, whether symptoms such as epilepsy and depression appear or not may be determined according to the electroencephalogram signals, and an electroencephalogram stimulation task may be executed through the data channels or some other data channels when necessary (for example, when a symptom appears), so as to adjust the electroencephalogram signals to control the symptoms.

In a possible implementation manner, in the above case, when the electroencephalogram signal is collected again after the electrical stimulation is output, the electrical signal of the output electrical stimulation may be collected, so that the judgment of the electroencephalogram signal is interfered. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the interference and determine the signal from which the interference is removed. The control unit is further configured to: acquiring an electrical stimulation trail at least according to the waveform characteristics of the electrical stimulation; and acquiring a target signal according to the acquired electroencephalogram signal and the electrical stimulation trail.

In a possible implementation manner, the interference is the electrical stimulation wake, that is, the electrical signal generated by the electrical stimulation on the brain may cause interference on the electrical signal of the brain, thereby affecting analysis and judgment of the electroencephalogram signal. Therefore, the electrical stimulation wake may be obtained based on waveform characteristics (e.g., characteristics of frequency, phase, amplitude, etc.) of the electrical stimulation, and may also be synthetically determined based on other information, such as characteristics of impedance determined above, etc., and the present disclosure is not limited to the specific manner in which the electrical stimulation wake is obtained.

In a possible implementation manner, the interference of the electrical stimulation wake may be removed from the acquired electroencephalogram signal, for example, the acquired electroencephalogram signal may be subtracted from the electrical stimulation wake, and a target signal may be obtained, that is, the target signal after the interference of the electrical stimulation wake is removed.

In one possible implementation, the control unit is further configured to: slicing the target signal to obtain a plurality of signal segments; obtaining power spectra of the plurality of signal segments; and determining the brain state corresponding to the signal segment according to the power spectrum and a preset energy threshold value.

In a possible implementation manner, the target signal is a signal from which the interference of the electrical stimulation wake is removed, and the signal has low noise and high precision. The target signal may be analyzed and determined, for example, whether the above symptoms occur or not may be determined, for example, the target signal may be sliced to obtain a plurality of signal segments, each signal segment may be subjected to wavelet transformation and other processing to obtain a power spectrum of each signal segment, and then the brain state corresponding to each signal segment may be determined based on the energy of the power spectrum and a preset energy threshold, for example, in a case where the energy of the power spectrum is greater than or equal to the energy threshold, it may be determined that a brain is in a pathological state when the signal segment is detected. The present disclosure is not limited to a particular manner of obtaining the power spectrum.

According to the brain-computer device disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure, the switch array is utilized to select the tasks executed by each data channel, namely, the electroencephalogram acquisition task or the electroencephalogram stimulation task is selected, so that the same data channel is suitable for different tasks, the quantity of the data channels can be favorably enlarged in a single task, the function can be favorably expanded, the portable brain-computer device can simultaneously have the functions of acquiring electroencephalograms and electrically stimulating the electroencephalograms, the interference of the electrical stimulation on the acquired electroencephalograms can be removed, and the accuracy of analysis and judgment on the electroencephalograms is improved.

It is understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the apparatus in the present disclosure can be combined with each other to form a combined embodiment without departing from the logic principle, which is limited by the space, and the detailed description of the present disclosure is omitted. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that in the above-described arrangements of the specific embodiments, the specific order of execution of the steps should be determined by their function and possibly their inherent logic.

Having described embodiments of the present disclosure, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A brain-computer apparatus, comprising: the device comprises an electrode unit, a switch array, an acquisition functional unit, a stimulation functional unit and a control unit;

the control unit is used for:

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the switch comprises a primary switch configured to: and selecting the connection state of the electrodes and the switch array to enable the electrodes to carry out the electroencephalogram acquisition task or the electroencephalogram stimulation task.

3. The device of claim 2, wherein the switch comprises a secondary switch for selecting a connection state of the switch array and the acquisition function unit according to the acquisition mode when the electrode performs the electroencephalogram acquisition task.

4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the switch comprises a secondary switch for selecting a connection state of the switch array to the stimulation functional unit according to the stimulation mode in case the electrode performs the brain electrical stimulation task.

5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the acquisition mode comprises a unipolar acquisition mode, the control unit further to:

controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a first electrode to enable the first electrode to be connected with an acquisition branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the first electrode to enable the acquisition branch to be connected with the acquisition function unit;

controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a second electrode to enable the second electrode to be connected with an acquisition branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the second electrode to enable the acquisition branch to be connected with a reference circuit;

the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively electrodes positioned at preset positions of the brain.

6. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the acquisition mode comprises a bipolar differential acquisition mode, the control unit further to:

controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a second electrode to enable the second electrode to be connected with an acquisition branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the second electrode to enable the acquisition branch to be connected with the acquisition function unit;

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are connected to a positive voltage signal acquisition interface and a negative voltage signal acquisition interface, respectively, in the acquisition functional unit.

8. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the stimulation mode comprises an active stimulation mode, the control unit further to:

controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a third electrode to enable the third electrode to be connected with a stimulation branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the third electrode to enable the stimulation branch to be connected with the stimulation function unit;

controlling a primary switch of a switch corresponding to a fourth electrode to enable the fourth electrode to be connected with a stimulation branch in the switch array, and controlling a secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the fourth electrode to enable the stimulation branch to be connected with a ground wire;

the third electrode is positioned at a preset position of the brain, so that the electric stimulation generated by the stimulation functional unit can reach the preset position, and the fourth electrode is positioned at the preset position of the brain or positioned on the body surface.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the active stimulation mode comprises an active charge balancing bipolar stimulation mode in which the fourth electrode is located at a predetermined location on the brain; or

The active stimulation mode includes an active charge balancing unipolar stimulation mode in which the fourth electrode is located on the body surface.

10. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the stimulation mode comprises a passive stimulation mode, the control unit further to:

controlling the stimulation functional unit to generate electrical stimulation;

controlling the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the third electrode and the secondary switch of the switch corresponding to the fourth electrode to be connected to a short circuit;

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the passive stimulation mode comprises a passive charge-balanced bipolar stimulation mode in which the fourth electrode is located at a predetermined location on the brain; or

The passive stimulation mode includes a passive charge-balancing unipolar stimulation mode in which the fourth electrode is located on the body surface.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the control unit is further configured to:

acquiring an electrical stimulation trail at least according to the waveform characteristics of the electrical stimulation;

and obtaining a target signal according to the acquired electroencephalogram signal and the electrical stimulation trail.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the control unit is further configured to:

slicing the target signal to obtain a plurality of signal segments;

obtaining power spectra of the plurality of signal segments;

and determining the brain state corresponding to the signal segment according to the power spectrum and a preset energy threshold.