CN110916655A - Portable electroencephalogram acquisition system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a portable electroencephalogram acquisition system, which comprises a control unit, wherein the control unit comprises: the device comprises an acquisition unit, a filtering device and a protection device; the acquisition unit is respectively connected with the filtering device and the protection device; the acquisition unit comprises at least one synchronous acquisition chip and is used for acquiring original electroencephalogram signals; the collecting unit is connected with electrodes, the electrodes comprise a plurality of gel electrodes, the gel electrodes are directly pasted on the to-be-tested areas of the testee, and multi-channel electroencephalogram signals can be collected in different brain areas; the filtering device comprises a group of common-mode filters and a group of differential filters and is used for carrying out noise reduction processing on the original electroencephalogram signals collected by the collecting unit; the protection device comprises at least three groups of transient voltage suppression diodes and is used for protecting the acquisition unit and preventing the acquisition unit from being electrically broken down; the invention has simple structure, convenient movement and carrying and high electroencephalogram signal acquisition precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of signal acquisition, in particular to a portable electroencephalogram acquisition system.
Background
Electroencephalograms (EEG) are a method for recording brain activities by using electrophysiological indexes, and are necessary bases for diagnosing epilepsy, and the EEG is also helpful for diagnosing various intracranial lesions, such as cerebral apoplexy, encephalitis, cerebroma, metabolic encephalopathy and the like. The electroencephalogram is the most objective basis for studying sleep at present, and different periods of sleep can be distinguished by monitoring changes of the electroencephalogram in sleep.
The brain electrical signal acquisition device is a device which realizes the acquisition of brain electrical signals by adopting the contact of brain electrodes and scalps. The electroencephalogram signal acquisition mode mainly adopts a head-wearing mode, and an experimenter wears a cap connected with a plurality of electrodes to obtain the electroencephalogram signal through the long-time contact of the electrodes and the scalp. At present, the common electroencephalogram acquisition devices have the following two types, and the traditional electroencephalogram signal acquisition device has the characteristics of high precision and stable acquired signal, but has the limitations of large volume, high price and inconvenience in moving and carrying; in recent years, the mode of acquiring electroencephalogram signals by adopting the TGAM of the neural technology NeuronSky is more and more favored by researchers, but the TGAM has the defects of low acquisition precision and excessive filtering when being used, and part of valuable electroencephalogram information can be filtered out in the acquisition process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a portable electroencephalogram acquisition system, which solves the problems in the prior art, can effectively improve the acquisition precision of electroencephalogram signals and is convenient to move and carry.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides a portable electroencephalogram acquisition system, which comprises a control unit, wherein the control unit comprises: the device comprises an acquisition unit, a filtering device and a protection device; the acquisition unit is respectively connected with the filtering device and the protection device;
the acquisition unit comprises at least one synchronous acquisition chip and is used for acquiring original electroencephalogram signals; the collecting unit is connected with electrodes, the electrodes comprise a plurality of gel electrodes, the gel electrodes are directly pasted on the to-be-tested areas of the testee, and multi-channel electroencephalogram signals can be collected in different brain areas;
the filtering device comprises a group of common-mode filters and a group of differential filters and is used for carrying out noise reduction processing on the original electroencephalogram signals collected by the collecting unit;
the protection device comprises at least three groups of transient voltage suppression diodes for protecting the acquisition unit and preventing the acquisition unit from being electrically broken down.
Preferably, the portable electroencephalogram acquisition system further comprises a processing unit, the processing unit comprises electroencephalogram acquisition system software, and the electroencephalogram acquisition system software is connected with the control unit and used for processing and displaying original electroencephalogram signals.
Preferably, the specific processing process of the electroencephalogram acquisition system software is as follows: the short-time Fourier transform processing is carried out on the original brain electrical signals, so that brain waves with different energies, and the concentration degree and the relaxation degree of a subject are obtained.
Preferably, the control unit further comprises a bluetooth chip, and the bluetooth chip is used for transmitting the original electroencephalogram signals acquired by the acquisition unit to the processing unit.
Preferably, the control unit is connected with a power supply device and a voltage reduction chip, the power supply device is connected with the voltage reduction chip, the voltage reduction chip is connected with the control unit, and the power supply device supplies power to the control unit through the voltage reduction chip.
Preferably, the power supply device comprises a rechargeable battery and a storage battery, and the power supply device can charge the rechargeable battery and supply power to the control unit through the storage battery under the condition of no charging condition; the rechargeable battery or the storage battery transmits a first voltage to the voltage reduction chip, the first voltage is reduced to a second voltage through the voltage reduction chip, and the voltage reduction chip transmits the second voltage to the control unit to supply power to the control unit.
Preferably, the acquisition unit further comprises a coding module, and the coding module is used for coding the original electroencephalogram signals acquired in the acquisition unit and sending the coded original electroencephalogram signals to the bluetooth chip.
Preferably, the control unit further comprises a switch and an indicator light, and the switch is used for controlling the portable electroencephalogram acquisition system to be turned on and off; the indicating lamp is used for indicating the working state of the portable electroencephalogram acquisition system, and different working states of the portable electroencephalogram acquisition system correspond to different indicating lamp indicating modes.
Preferably, the portable electroencephalogram acquisition system further comprises a shell, and the shell is used for protecting the control unit and is convenient to carry.
The invention discloses the following technical effects: the gel electrode is directly contacted with the testee, so that the traditional processes of coating conductive paste on the electrode and subsequently cleaning are avoided, and the operation flow is simplified; the Bluetooth chip is used for transmitting signals, and the shell is arranged for the electroencephalogram acquisition control unit, so that a subject can more comfortably and conveniently perform a test without wearing a cap connected with a plurality of electrodes, and the problem that the traditional electroencephalogram acquisition device is complex in structure, inconvenient to move and carry is solved; the synchronous acquisition chip is used for acquiring the electroencephalogram signals, and the filtering device consisting of the common-mode filter and the differential filter is used for filtering the electroencephalogram signals, so that the acquisition precision can be improved, the equipment cost is saved, excessive filtering is avoided, and valuable information in the original electroencephalogram signals is reserved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a portable electroencephalogram acquisition system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a three-view diagram of the brain electrical acquisition system housing of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an electroencephalogram acquisition method of the present invention;
101, a control unit; 102. an electrode; 103. a processing unit; 104. a housing; 201. a collection unit; 202. a filtering device; 203. a protection device; 204. a power supply device; 205. a voltage reduction chip; 206. a Bluetooth chip; 207. a switch; 208. an indicator light; 301. synchronously acquiring chips; 302. an encoding module; 303. a common mode filter; 304. a differential filter; 305. a transient voltage suppression diode.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present embodiment provides a portable electroencephalogram acquisition system, which includes a control unit 101, where the control unit 101 includes: the device comprises an acquisition unit 201, a filtering device 202 and a protection device 203; the acquisition unit 201 is connected to the filtering device 202 and the protection device 203, respectively.
The acquisition unit 201 comprises at least one synchronous acquisition chip 301 for acquiring original electroencephalogram signals; the synchronous acquisition chip 301 comprises one or more synchronous acquisition chips 301 with the model number of AD779, each synchronous acquisition chip 301 is connected with 10 signal lines, wherein the 10 signal lines comprise 8 electroencephalogram acquisition lines, 1 grounding line and 1 contrast signal line, and can support simultaneous acquisition of at least eight-channel electroencephalogram signals.
The filtering device 202 includes a group of common mode filters 303 and a group of differential filters 304, and is configured to perform noise reduction processing on the original electroencephalogram signals acquired by the acquisition unit 201, and meanwhile, excessive filtering is not caused, and valuable electroencephalogram information is retained. The common mode filter 303 can effectively introduce noise in the electroencephalogram signal into a contrast signal, and then the contrast processing is carried out by an operational amplifier in the synchronous acquisition chip 301, so that the quality of the electroencephalogram signal is improved; the difference filter 304 may be able to stabilize the electroencephalogram signal and the contrast signal near the baseline, thereby reducing the interference of external noise on the electroencephalogram signal.
The protection device 203 comprises at least three sets of transient voltage suppression diodes 305 with model number TPD4E02, which are used for protecting the acquisition unit 201, so that the synchronous acquisition chip 301 in the acquisition unit 201 cannot be electrically broken down. Each set of the transient voltage suppression diodes 305 includes four channels, and each synchronous acquisition chip 301 includes 10 signal lines, so that the present embodiment determines the number of the transient voltage suppression diodes 305 according to the number of the synchronous acquisition chips 301, and in the case where only one synchronous acquisition chip 301 is provided, three sets of the transient voltage suppression diodes 305 are provided.
The acquisition unit 201 is connected with an electrode 102, the electrode 102 comprises a plurality of gel electrodes, and the gel electrodes can be directly adhered to a to-be-tested area of a subject; the electrodes 102 are also matched with the acquisition unit 201, so that multi-channel electroencephalogram signals can be acquired in different brain areas.
In this embodiment, the electrode 102 includes three gel electrodes, which are directly adhered to the forehead of the subject to collect the electroencephalogram signal, wherein the three gel electrodes respectively collect the electroencephalogram signal, ground the electroencephalogram signal, and connect the contrast signal; the electrodes 102 can also be arranged into a plurality of gel electrodes, and are matched with the acquisition unit 201 to acquire multichannel electroencephalogram signals in different brain areas, wherein the number of the gel electrodes is more than 3.
In a further optimized scheme, the portable electroencephalogram acquisition system further comprises a processing unit 103, the processing unit 103 comprises electroencephalogram acquisition system software, and the electroencephalogram acquisition system software is connected with the control unit 101 and is used for processing and displaying the original electroencephalogram signals acquired by the acquisition unit 201. The specific processing process of the electroencephalogram acquisition system software is as follows: the short-time Fourier transform processing is carried out on the original brain electrical signals, so that brain waves with different energies, and the concentration degree and the relaxation degree of a subject are obtained.
The processing unit 103 in this embodiment can directly display the original electroencephalogram signal, and can also perform short-time fourier transform processing on the original electroencephalogram signal to obtain and display the energy of each frequency band wave, such as Delta, Theta, Low Alpha, High Alpha, Low Beta, High Beta, Low Gamma, Middle Gamma, and the like, and the ratio of the Beta wave to the Alpha wave is used as the concentration parameter, and the Delta wave is used as the relaxation parameter to display.
In a further optimized scheme, the control unit 101 further includes a bluetooth chip 206; the bluetooth chip 206 is configured to transmit the original electroencephalogram signal acquired by the acquisition unit 201 to the processing unit 103.
In a further optimized scheme, the control unit 101 is connected with a power supply device 204 and a buck chip 205, the power supply device 204 is connected with the buck chip 205, the buck chip 205 is connected with the control unit 101, and the power supply device 204 supplies power to the control unit 101 through the buck chip 205;
the power supply device 204 includes a rechargeable battery and a storage battery, the power supply device 204 can charge the rechargeable battery, the rechargeable battery transmits a first voltage to the voltage-reducing chip 205, the first voltage is reduced to a second voltage by the voltage-reducing chip 205, and the voltage-reducing chip 205 transmits the second voltage to the control unit 101 to supply power to the control unit 101.
In this embodiment, the power supply device 204 is directly connected to the Micro-USB interface to charge the rechargeable battery, and can also supply power to the portable electroencephalogram acquisition system control unit 101 through the storage battery without a charging condition. The rechargeable battery is a 3.7V lithium battery, and when the electric quantity of the rechargeable battery is sufficient, the rechargeable battery transmits a first voltage of 4.2V to the voltage-dropping chip 205, the first voltage chip is dropped to a second voltage of 3.3V smoothly by the voltage-dropping chip 205, and the second voltage is transmitted to the control unit 101 by the voltage-dropping chip 205 for power supply.
In a further optimized scheme, the acquisition unit 201 further includes an encoding module 302, and the encoding module 302 employs an embedded single chip microcomputer STM32, and is configured to encode the original electroencephalogram signal acquired by the acquisition unit 201 and transmit the encoded original electroencephalogram signal data to the bluetooth chip 206. The main roles of the coding are: data is prevented from being lost when the Bluetooth is transmitted or the data in the synchronous acquisition chip 301 is transmitted to the Bluetooth chip 206. The specific working process is as follows:
the acquisition unit 201 acquires the original electroencephalogram signals of the subject through the electrodes 102; meanwhile, the filtering device 202 performs filtering processing on the original electroencephalogram signal acquired by the electrode 102, reduces noise interference, transmits the original electroencephalogram signal data subjected to noise reduction processing to the encoding module 302 in a Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) manner, and the encoding module 302 encodes the original electroencephalogram signal data and then transmits the encoded data to the bluetooth chip 206 in a Serial port manner; the Bluetooth chip 206 sends the electroencephalogram signal data to the processing unit 103, and the processing unit 103 processes and displays the original electroencephalogram signal.
In a further optimized scheme, the control unit 101 further comprises a switch 207 and an indicator lamp 208, wherein the switch 207 is used for controlling the portable electroencephalogram acquisition system to be turned on and off; the indicator lamp 208 is used for indicating the working state of the portable electroencephalogram acquisition system, and different working states of the portable electroencephalogram acquisition system correspond to different indication modes of the indicator lamp 208.
In this embodiment, the indicator lamp 208 is an RGB common-sun lamp; a blue lamp of the indicator lamp 208 is connected with the switch 207 and is controlled by a PNP type triode for indicating the on and off of the switch 207; the red light of the indicator light 208 is controlled by one pin of the bluetooth chip 206, and is used for indicating the working state of the bluetooth chip 206; the cathode of the green light of the indicator light 208 is connected to the power supply device 204 for indicating the working state of the power supply device 204, which is as follows:
when the switch 207 is turned on, the blue light of the indicator light 208 is on;
when the switch 207 is turned off, the blue lamp of the indicator lamp 208 is turned off;
when the bluetooth chip 206 is connected to the device, the red light of the indicator light 208 is on;
when the bluetooth chip 206 is not connected with the device, the red light of the indicator light 208 flashes;
when the power supply device 204 charges the rechargeable battery, the green light of the indicator light 208 is on;
when the power supply device 204 does not charge the rechargeable battery, the green light of the indicator light 208 is turned off.
In a further optimized scheme, the portable electroencephalogram acquisition system further comprises a shell 104, and the shell is used for protecting the control unit 101.
In the embodiment, the shell 104 is generated by a 3D printing technology, and has the characteristics of high manufacturing speed, low cost and convenience in processing, and the side body and the shell cover of the shell 104 are designed in an arc surface shape, so that the shell is convenient to grasp; the shell body of the shell 104 is provided with a gap corresponding to the switch 207, the indicator lamp 208, the Micro-USB interface and the connection wire of the electrode 102, as shown in fig. 3. The portable electroencephalogram acquisition device can realize all functions under the protection of the shell 104, and is more convenient and safer to carry.
The electroencephalogram acquisition method of the portable electroencephalogram acquisition system comprises the following steps as shown in fig. 4:
s101, opening electroencephalogram acquisition system software;
s102, pasting the electrode 102 on the head of the subject;
s103, turning on the switch 207 of the control unit 101, and turning on the blue light and the red light of the indicator light 208;
s104, starting to acquire electroencephalogram data;
and S105, displaying the original electroencephalogram signal by electroencephalogram acquisition system software, and performing short-time Fourier transform processing on the original electroencephalogram signal to obtain and display the energy of each frequency band wave.
According to the portable electroencephalogram acquisition device provided by the embodiment, the gel electrode is directly contacted with the subject, so that the processes of smearing conductive paste on the traditional electrode and subsequent cleaning are avoided, and the operation flow is simplified; the Bluetooth chip is used for transmitting signals, and the shell is arranged for the electroencephalogram acquisition control unit, so that a subject can more comfortably and conveniently perform a test without wearing a cap connected with a plurality of electrodes, and the problem that the traditional electroencephalogram acquisition device is complex in structure, inconvenient to move and carry is solved; the synchronous acquisition chip is used for acquiring the electroencephalogram signals, and the filtering device consisting of the common-mode filter and the differential filter is used for filtering the electroencephalogram signals, so that the acquisition precision can be improved, the equipment cost is saved, excessive filtering is avoided, and valuable information in the original electroencephalogram signals is reserved.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The portable electroencephalogram acquisition system is characterized by comprising a control unit, wherein the control unit comprises: the device comprises an acquisition unit, a filtering device and a protection device; the acquisition unit is respectively connected with the filtering device and the protection device;
the acquisition unit comprises at least one synchronous acquisition chip and is used for acquiring original electroencephalogram signals; the collecting unit is connected with electrodes, the electrodes comprise a plurality of gel electrodes, the gel electrodes are directly pasted on the to-be-tested areas of the testee, and multi-channel electroencephalogram signals can be collected in different brain areas;
the filtering device comprises a group of common-mode filters and a group of differential filters and is used for carrying out noise reduction processing on the original electroencephalogram signals collected by the collecting unit;
the protection device comprises at least three groups of transient voltage suppression diodes for protecting the acquisition unit and preventing the acquisition unit from being electrically broken down.
2. The portable electroencephalogram acquisition system according to claim 1, further comprising a processing unit, wherein the processing unit comprises electroencephalogram acquisition system software, and the electroencephalogram acquisition system software is connected with the control unit and is used for processing and displaying original electroencephalogram signals.
3. The portable electroencephalogram acquisition system according to claim 2, wherein the specific processing procedure of the electroencephalogram acquisition system software is as follows: the short-time Fourier transform processing is carried out on the original brain electrical signals, so that brain waves with different energies, and the concentration degree and the relaxation degree of a subject are obtained.
4. The portable electroencephalogram acquisition system according to claim 2, wherein the control unit further comprises a bluetooth chip for transmitting the raw electroencephalogram signals acquired by the acquisition unit to the processing unit.
5. The portable electroencephalogram acquisition system according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is connected with a power supply device and a voltage reduction chip, the power supply device is connected with the voltage reduction chip, the voltage reduction chip is connected with the control unit, and the power supply device supplies power to the control unit through the voltage reduction chip.
6. The portable electroencephalograph acquisition system according to claim 5, wherein the power supply device comprises a rechargeable battery and a storage battery, the power supply device can charge the rechargeable battery, and can supply power to the control unit through the storage battery under the condition of no charging condition; the rechargeable battery or the storage battery transmits a first voltage to the voltage reduction chip, the first voltage is reduced to a second voltage through the voltage reduction chip, and the voltage reduction chip transmits the second voltage to the control unit to supply power to the control unit.
7. The portable electroencephalogram acquisition system according to claim 4, wherein the acquisition unit further comprises an encoding module, and the encoding module is used for encoding the original electroencephalogram signals acquired in the acquisition unit and sending the encoded original electroencephalogram signals to the Bluetooth chip.
8. The portable electroencephalograph acquisition system according to claim 4, wherein the control unit further comprises a switch and an indicator light, and the switch is used for controlling the portable electroencephalograph acquisition system to be turned on and off; the indicating lamp is used for indicating the working state of the portable electroencephalogram acquisition system, and different working states of the portable electroencephalogram acquisition system correspond to different indicating lamp indicating modes.
9. The portable electroencephalogram acquisition system according to claim 1, further comprising a housing for protecting the control unit for portability.
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