CN114774911A - Laser ceramic alloying method for retained mandrel surface of seamless pipe mill - Google Patents
Laser ceramic alloying method for retained mandrel surface of seamless pipe mill Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009785 tube rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 25
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 46
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 13
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005542 laser surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009851 ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001105 martensitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/50—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on rare-earth compounds
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- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/62222—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products obtaining ceramic coatings
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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Abstract
The invention provides a laser ceramic alloying method for the surface of a retained mandrel of a seamless tandem tube mill. Carrying out sand blasting texturing treatment on the surface of the core rod, taking a polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution as a binder, uniformly mixing the ceramic powder and the binder solution, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the core rod, wherein the thickness of a coating is 80-150 microns; drying the sprayed core rod at 150 ℃, then carrying out laser alloying treatment, wherein the laser power is 2800-8000W, the laser scanning linear velocity is 5-15 mm/s, the lapping amount between laser scanning channels is 1-3 mm, and the laser spot is a rectangular spot with the diameter of 2.5mm multiplied by 14mm or a circular spot with the diameter of 2.5-6 mm, and finally forming a laser alloying layer with the depth of 0.6 mm-0.8 mm on the surface of the core rod. The laser ceramic alloying layer and the mandrel body are metallurgically bonded, the bonding strength is greater than 400MPa, the friction coefficient between the ceramic alloying layer precoated with the water-based graphite lubricant and the steel pipe blank is 0.03-0.08, the hardness of the alloying layer is HRC 63-HRC 65, the cold and hot (700-100 ℃) fatigue crack resistance is higher than that of the traditional chromium coating, the problems that the traditional chromium coating on the surface of the mandrel is easy to fall off and the performance is insufficient are solved, and the service life of the mandrel is obviously prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a laser ceramic alloying method for the surface of a retained mandrel of a seamless continuous pipe mill, belonging to the field of surface engineering of material processing.
Background
The core rod is an important part for producing the seamless steel tube by rolling in the steel tube industry and is also a quick-wear part in a steel tube continuous rolling unit. The working condition of the core rod in the service process is very severe, the core rod is repeatedly quenched and rapidly heated in the rolling process, alternating cold and heat circulation applied by spraying cooling water in the high-temperature tube blank and the non-rolling process in the rolling process is borne, and meanwhile, radial rolling force and friction force generated by relative motion between the tube blank and the core rod are borne. The main failure modes of the core rod are fatigue crack, large-area bruise, scratch and the like. The off-line core rod is repaired by adopting a mode of firstly surfacing and restoring the size and then plating chromium, so that the service life of the core rod is prolonged, and the loss of a ton steel pipe is reduced, but the current focus is to improve the service life of the core rod by adjusting surfacing materials or optimizing a chromium plating process, for example, the core rod is repaired by adopting a 0Cr13NiMoV martensitic stainless steel flux-cored wire in CN109226935B, and the quality of a chromium plating layer is improved by adopting a chromium plating process consisting of activation treatment and chromium plating base dehydrogenation treatment in CN 104499017B. Because the traditional chromium layer on the surface of the mandrel is chemically bonded with the mandrel substrate, the bonding force is low (less than 100MPa), and the chromium-plated layer is easy to fall off in a large area under the harsh service condition of the mandrel, so that the friction coefficient between the mandrel and the tube blank is greatly improved (more than 0.10), the surface of the mandrel and the inner surface of the steel tube are damaged, the mandrel can only be subjected to offline treatment, and the requirement on the service life of the mandrel is difficult to meet. Therefore, the novel surface treatment method of the core rod needs to be invented by breaking through the traditional chromium plating process.
The laser surface treatment is a novel surface processing method, can obtain a surface modification layer which has excellent performance and is metallurgically combined with the base metal on the surface of a part, and can replace the traditional chromium plating process of the retained mandrel of a seamless pipe mill. However, the application of the existing laser surface treatment technology in the ferrous metallurgy industry is less, and the laser cladding method is mainly adopted to improve the surface performance of parts by adopting high alloy steel powder or high temperature alloy plus tungsten carbide powder, for example, CN104250802B laser cladding high speed steel alloy powder on the surface of a hot rolling seamless steel tube tension roller, for example, CN102453902B laser cladding mixed powder of nickel-based alloy and tungsten carbide powder on the surface of a high speed wire rod roller ring, and the like. However, these laser cladding layers are not suitable for the retained mandrel of the seamless continuous tube mill because of their low cold and thermal fatigue resistance and large friction coefficient with the steel tube blank.
The invention provides a laser ceramic alloying method for the surface of a retained mandrel of a seamless tandem rolling mill, wherein a ceramic layer is prepared on the surface of the mandrel by adopting laser alloying, the comprehensive performance of the ceramic layer is higher than that of the traditional chromium coating, the problem that the traditional chromium coating on the surface of the mandrel is easy to fall off is solved, and the service life of the mandrel is obviously prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a laser ceramic alloying method for the surface of a retained mandrel of a seamless tandem tube mill. Carrying out sand blasting texturing treatment on the surface of the core rod, taking polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution as a binder, uniformly mixing the ceramic powder and the binder solution, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the core rod, wherein the thickness of the coating is 80-150 mu m; and drying the sprayed core rod at 150 ℃, and then carrying out laser alloying treatment to form a laser alloying layer with the depth of 0.6-0.8 mm on the surface of the core rod. The laser ceramic alloying layer and the mandrel body are metallurgically bonded, the bonding strength is greater than 400MPa, the friction coefficient between the ceramic alloying layer precoated with the water-based graphite lubricant and the steel pipe blank is 0.03-0.08, the hardness of the alloying layer is HRC 63-HRC 65, the cold and hot (700-100 ℃) fatigue crack resistance is higher than that of the traditional chromium coating, and the problems that the traditional chromium coating on the surface of the mandrel is easy to fall off and the performance is insufficient are solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the powder for laser alloying of the surface of the retained mandrel of the seamless continuous tube rolling mill is characterized by comprising 1-2% of hexagonal boron nitride, 0-10% of aluminum oxide and the balance of cerium oxide.
The laser alloying method for the surface of the retained mandrel of the seamless continuous tube rolling mill by adopting the ceramic powder is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) the surface of the core rod is roughened by sandblasting with brown corundum or white corundum with the granularity of more than 30 meshes, and the surface roughness is in the range of Ra6.3-3.2;
(2) taking a polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution as a binder, uniformly mixing the ceramic powder of claim 1 with the binder solution, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the core rod, wherein the thickness of the coating is 80-150 μm;
(3) drying the sprayed core rod at 150 ℃;
(4) and cladding the ceramic powder on the surface of the core rod by adopting a laser alloying method to form a laser alloying layer with the depth of 0.6-0.8 mm.
The laser alloying method for the surface of the retained mandrel of the seamless continuous pipe mill is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the laser power is 2800-8000W, the laser scanning linear velocity is 5-15 mm/s, the lapping amount between laser scanning tracks is 1-3 mm, and the laser spot is a rectangular spot with 2.5mm multiplied by 14mm or a circular spot with the diameter of 2.5-6 mm.
According to the laser ceramic alloying method for the surface of the retained mandrel of the seamless continuous tube rolling mill, the laser ceramic alloying layer and the mandrel body are in metallurgical bonding, the bonding strength is greater than 400MPa, the friction coefficient between the ceramic alloying layer precoated with the water-based graphite lubricant and the tube blank of the steel tube is 0.03-0.08, and the hardness of the alloying layer is HRC 63-HRC 65.
In the traditional core rod surfacing composite manufacturing, chromium is plated on the surface of a core rod after the size of the core rod surfacing is restored, although the hardness of a chromium plating layer can reach HRC 60-HRC 62, the final hardness of the surface layer of the core rod is lower than HRC45 because the hardness of a core rod surfacing material under the chromium plating layer is lower. In addition, the chromium coating and the surface of the mandrel parent metal are bonded by molecular bonds, the bonding force is weak, the mandrel parent metal is easy to fall off in the using process, and the friction coefficient between the chromium coating of the mandrel and the steel pipe blank is rapidly increased (more than 0.10), so that the mandrel can only be subjected to offline treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a new surface processing method for a mandrel bar, which not only can obtain a high-hardness surface layer with high bonding strength with a mandrel bar base metal, but also can control the friction coefficient between the surface layer and a steel pipe blank to be not more than 0.10.
The invention abandons the traditional chromium plating process on the surface of the mandrel, adopts a laser surface ceramic alloying method to prepare the surface layer of the mandrel and improves the service life of the retained mandrel of the seamless continuous tube mill. Firstly, the invention adopts the laser surface alloying technology, under the action of laser energy, the alloying material and the surface of the core rod are simultaneously melted to form a common molten pool, the metallurgical bonding of the alloying layer and the base metal of the core rod can be realized, the bonding strength is obviously improved (more than 400MPa), and the phenomenon that the alloying layer is peeled off in the service process is avoided. In addition, in order to prolong the service life of the mandrel, the hardness of the surface layer needs to be improved, a traditional arc surfacing and surface chromium plating method is adopted, the comprehensive hardness of the surface of the mandrel is generally not more than HRC45, and the hardness of the surfacing layer is difficult to reach more than HRC60 on the premise of ensuring that the surfacing layer has no cracks. According to the invention, through a large number of experimental researches, ceramic powder consisting of hexagonal boron nitride, aluminum oxide and cerium oxide is adopted as a laser alloying material, and after laser alloying, a microstructure (shown in figure 1 and figure 2) with ceramic particles dispersed and distributed on a martensite matrix is formed on the surface of the core rod, the hardness reaches HRC 63-HRC 65, the hardness is obviously improved, and the service life of the core rod can be further prolonged due to the high hardness of the surface layer. In addition, a water-based graphite lubricant is precoated on the surface of the core rod in the service process, friction force is generated in relative motion with a steel pipe blank, and the friction coefficient between the core rod and the steel pipe blank is an effective measure for ensuring the service life of the core rod; the components of the ceramic powder are controlled to be (1% -2%) hexagonal boron nitride plus (0% -10%) alumina plus cerium oxide, and the friction coefficient between the ceramic alloying layer and the steel pipe blank is controlled to be within the range of 0.03-0.08. Finally, the surface laser ceramic alloying method provided by the invention can prolong the service life of the retained mandrel of the seamless continuous pipe mill by more than 2-3 times.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a laser ceramic alloying method for the surface of a retained mandrel of a seamless pipe mill. After the laser alloying treatment, a laser alloying layer with the depth of 0.6 mm-0.8 mm is formed on the surface of the core rod. The laser ceramic alloying layer and the core rod body are in metallurgical combination, the hardness of the alloying layer is HRC 63-HRC 65, the cold and hot (700 ℃ -100 ℃) fatigue crack resistance is higher than that of a traditional chromium coating, the friction coefficient between the ceramic alloying layer precoated with the water-based graphite lubricant and the steel tube is 0.03-0.08, the problems that the traditional chromium coating on the surface of the core rod is easy to fall off and the performance is insufficient are solved, and the service life of the core rod is obviously prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microstructure diagram of a core rod formed with ceramic particles dispersed and distributed on a martensitic matrix after laser alloying of the powder of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged microstructure of the powder of the present invention after laser alloying formed dispersed ceramic particles on the martensite matrix surface.
Detailed Description
The laser alloying powder for the surface of the retained mandrel of seamless pipe mill consists of oxide ceramic, hexagonal boron nitride in 1-2 wt%, alumina in 0-10 wt% and cerium oxide for the rest.
The laser alloying is carried out on the surface of the retained mandrel of the seamless continuous pipe mill by adopting the ceramic powder, and the method comprises the following four steps:
(1) sandblasting and texturing the surface of the core rod by using brown corundum or white corundum with the granularity of more than 30 meshes, wherein the surface roughness is in the range of Ra6.3-3.2;
(2) taking a polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution as a binder, uniformly mixing the ceramic powder and the binder solution, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the core rod, wherein the thickness of the coating is 80-150 microns;
(3) drying the sprayed core rod at 150 ℃;
(4) and cladding the ceramic powder on the surface of the core rod by adopting a laser alloying method to form a laser alloying layer with the depth of 0.6-0.8 mm.
The surface laser alloying method of the retained mandrel of the seamless continuous tube rolling mill has the advantages that the laser power is 2800-8000W, the linear speed of laser scanning is 5-15 mm/s, the lapping amount between laser scanning channels is 1-3 mm, and the laser spot is a rectangular spot with the diameter of 2.5mm multiplied by 14mm or a circular spot with the diameter of 2.5-6 mm.
Example 1:
ceramic powder with the composition of 2 percent of hexagonal boron nitride, 10 percent of alumina and 88 percent of cerium oxide is taken as a laser alloying material; blasting sand to roughen the surface of the core rod by using brown corundum with the granularity of more than 30 meshes, wherein the surface roughness is Ra6.3; uniformly mixing a polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution and ceramic powder, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the core rod, wherein the thickness of the coating is 80 mu m; and drying the sprayed core rod at 150 ℃, and then cladding ceramic powder on the surface of the core rod by adopting a laser alloying method, wherein the laser power is 2800W, the laser scanning linear velocity is 5mm/s, the lapping amount between laser scanning channels is 1mm, and the diameter of a laser spot is 2.5mm, so that a laser alloying layer with the depth of 0.6mm is finally formed.
Example 2:
ceramic powder with the components of 1% of hexagonal boron nitride, 5% of alumina and 94% of cerium oxide is used as a laser alloying material; the surface of the core rod is roughened by sand blasting with white corundum with the granularity of more than 30 meshes, and the surface roughness is Ra3.2; uniformly mixing a polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution and ceramic powder, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the core rod, wherein the thickness of the coating is 150 mu m; and drying the sprayed core rod at 150 ℃, and then cladding ceramic powder on the surface of the core rod by adopting a laser alloying method, wherein the laser power is 8000W, the laser scanning linear velocity is 15mm/s, the lapping amount among laser scanning channels is 2mm, and the diameter of a laser spot is 6.0mm, so that a laser alloying layer with the depth of 0.8mm is finally formed.
Example 3:
ceramic powder with the components of 5 percent of aluminum oxide and 95 percent of cerium oxide is taken as a laser alloying material; the surface of the core rod is roughened by sand blasting with white corundum with the granularity of more than 30 meshes, and the surface roughness is Ra6.3; uniformly mixing a polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution and ceramic powder, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the core rod, wherein the thickness of the coating is 120 mu m; and drying the sprayed core rod at 150 ℃, and then cladding ceramic powder on the surface of the core rod by adopting a laser alloying method, wherein the laser power is 6000W, the laser scanning linear velocity is 11mm/s, the lapping amount between laser scanning channels is 2mm, and the laser spot is a rectangular spot with the depth of 2.5mm multiplied by 14mm, so that a laser alloying layer with the depth of 0.7mm is finally formed.
Example 4:
ceramic powder with 100 percent of cerium oxide as a component is taken as a laser alloying material; blasting and roughening the surface of the core rod by brown corundum with the granularity of more than 30 meshes, wherein the surface roughness is Ra3.2; uniformly mixing a polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution and ceramic powder, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the core rod, wherein the thickness of the coating is 100 mu m; and drying the sprayed core rod at 150 ℃, and then cladding ceramic powder on the surface of the core rod by adopting a laser alloying method, wherein the laser power is 5000W, the laser scanning linear velocity is 9mm/s, the lap joint quantity between laser scanning channels is 2mm, and the diameter of a laser spot is 5.0mm, so that a laser alloying layer with the depth of 0.7mm is finally formed.
Comparative example 1:
ceramic powder with the composition of 5 percent of hexagonal boron nitride, 15 percent of alumina and 80 percent of cerium oxide is taken as a laser alloying material; blasting and roughening the surface of the core rod by brown corundum with the granularity of more than 30 meshes, wherein the surface roughness is Ra6.3; uniformly mixing the polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution and the ceramic powder, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the core rod, wherein the thickness of the coating is 80 microns; and drying the sprayed core rod at 150 ℃, and then cladding ceramic powder on the surface of the core rod by adopting a laser alloying method, wherein the laser power is 2800W, the laser scanning linear velocity is 5mm/s, the lapping amount between laser scanning channels is 1mm, and the diameter of a laser spot is 2.5mm, so that a laser alloying layer with the depth of 0.6mm is finally formed.
Comparative example 2:
ceramic powder with the components of 1% of hexagonal boron nitride, 5% of alumina and 94% of cerium oxide is used as a laser alloying material; sandblasting and roughening the surface of the core rod by white corundum with the granularity of more than 30 meshes, wherein the surface roughness is Ra3.2; uniformly mixing a polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution and ceramic powder, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the core rod, wherein the thickness of the coating is 150 microns; drying the sprayed core rod at 150 ℃, and then cladding ceramic powder on the surface of the core rod by adopting a laser alloying method, wherein the laser power is 10000W, the laser scanning linear velocity is 15mm/s, the lap joint quantity between laser scanning channels is 2mm, and the diameter of a laser spot is 5.0mm, so that a laser alloying layer with the depth of 0.6mm is finally formed.
Comparative example 3:
ceramic powder with the components of 5 percent of aluminum oxide and 95 percent of cerium oxide is taken as a laser alloying material; the surface of the core rod is roughened by sand blasting with white corundum with the granularity of more than 30 meshes, and the surface roughness is Ra6.3; uniformly mixing a polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution and ceramic powder, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the core rod, wherein the thickness of the coating is 120 microns; and drying the sprayed core rod at 150 ℃, and then cladding ceramic powder on the surface of the core rod by adopting a laser alloying method, wherein the laser power is 6000W, the laser scanning linear velocity is 20mm/s, the lapping quantity between laser scanning channels is 2mm, and the laser spot is a rectangular spot with the depth of 2.5mm multiplied by 14mm, so that a laser alloying layer with the depth of 0.8mm is finally formed.
Comparative example 4:
ceramic powder with 100 percent of cerium oxide as a component is taken as a laser alloying material; blasting sand to roughen the surface of the core rod by using brown corundum with the granularity of more than 30 meshes, wherein the surface roughness is Ra3.2; uniformly mixing a polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution and ceramic powder, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the core rod, wherein the thickness of the coating is 100 mu m; and drying the sprayed core rod at 150 ℃, and then cladding ceramic powder on the surface of the core rod by adopting a laser alloying method, wherein the laser power is 5000W, the laser scanning linear velocity is 9mm/s, the lapping amount among laser scanning channels is 2mm, and the diameter of a laser spot is 2.0mm, so that a laser alloying layer with the depth of 0.7mm is finally formed.
The effects are compared as follows:
the effects of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4 are shown in Table 1. The hardness of the laser alloying layer on the surface of the retained mandrel of the seamless continuous tube rolling mill according to the examples and the comparative examples, the friction coefficient between the billet and the billet, and the service life of the billet on the machine are evaluated. Wherein the hardness of the alloying layer is determined according to GB/T230.1-2018 part 1 of Rockwell hardness test of metal materials: the method specified in test method "tests that the friction coefficient is measured by a high-temperature pin-disc abrasion tester, the service life of the retained mandrel manufactured by the traditional chromium plating method is A, the service life of the retained mandrel manufactured by the examples and the comparative examples is B, and the relative service life S of the retained mandrel manufactured by the examples and the comparative examples is S-B/A.
TABLE 1 Effect of examples and comparative examples
For comparative example 1 in which the hexagonal boron nitride in the ceramic powder material for laser alloying exceeds 2% and the alumina exceeds 10%, although the same laser alloying process is adopted as in example 1, the hardness of the obtained alloyed layer exceeds HRC65, the friction coefficient between the alloyed layer and a billet is greater than 0.10, the inner wall of the tube blank of the steel tube is easily damaged, and the service life of the mandrel is not remarkably prolonged compared with that of the mandrel prepared by the traditional chromium plating process. In comparative example 2 in which the laser scanning power was more than 8000W, the amount of melting of the mandrel base metal during the laser alloying process was high due to the excessively high amount of heat input by the laser, the hardness of the alloyed layer was lowered to less than HRC63 compared with examples, and the relative life was 1.33 and lower than examples although the coefficient of friction with the steel pipe blank was between 0.03 and 0.08. For comparative example 3 where the laser alloying speed was more than 15mm/s, the alloying linear energy was low, the ceramic particles could be more retained in the alloyed layer, and the amount of fusion of the core rod base material was small, and finally the alloyed layer with hardness of more than HRC65 was obtained, and the friction coefficient of the steel pipe blank was more than 0.08, and the relative service life of the final core rod was only close to 1.50. For comparative example 4 with the laser alloying spot diameter smaller than 2.5mm, as the spot diameter is smaller, more inter-pass lap joints are involved in the laser alloying process, the surface quality of the alloying layer is reduced, the friction coefficient between the alloying layer and the steel pipe blank is increased, meanwhile, the input heat is increased, the hardness of the alloying layer is reduced, and finally the service life of the alloying layer is shorter than that of the embodiment.
Claims (4)
1. The powder for laser alloying of the surface of the retained mandrel of the seamless continuous pipe mill is characterized by comprising 1-2% of hexagonal boron nitride, 0-10% of aluminum oxide and the balance cerium oxide.
2. A method for laser alloying the surface of a retained mandrel of a seamless pipe mill using the ceramic powder of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) the surface of the core rod is roughened by sandblasting with brown corundum or white corundum with the granularity of more than 30 meshes, and the surface roughness is in the range of Ra6.3-3.2;
(2) taking a polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution as a binder, uniformly mixing the ceramic powder of claim 1 with the binder solution, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the core rod, wherein the thickness of the coating is 80-150 microns;
(3) drying the sprayed core rod at 150 ℃;
(4) and (3) cladding the ceramic powder on the surface of the core rod by adopting a laser alloying method to form a laser alloying layer with the depth of 0.6-0.8 mm.
3. The laser alloying method for the surface of the retained mandrel of the seamless pipe mill according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that: the laser power is 2800-8000W, the laser scanning linear velocity is 5-15 mm/s, the lapping quantity between laser scanning tracks is 1-3 mm, and the laser spot is a rectangular spot with the diameter of 2.5mm multiplied by 14mm or a circular spot with the diameter of 2.5-6 mm.
4. The laser alloying method for the surface of the retained mandrel of the seamless continuous tube rolling mill according to claims 1 to 3, wherein the laser ceramic alloying layer and the mandrel body are metallurgically bonded, the bonding strength is greater than 400MPa, the friction coefficient between the ceramic alloying layer precoated with the water-based graphite lubricant and the tube blank of the steel tube is 0.03 to 0.08, and the hardness of the alloying layer is HRC63 to HRC 65.
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| CN101994114A (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2011-03-30 | 沈阳大陆激光成套设备有限公司 | Laser cladding wear-resisting and heat fatigue-resisting alloy coating process for manufacturing hot rolled seamless steel tube rolling mill retained mandrel |
| CN103966598A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-08-06 | 山东大学 | Titanium alloy surface multi-element laser alloyed layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN114110553A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-03-01 | 国家能源费县发电有限公司 | Boiler tube panel and boiler generator set |
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| CN101994114A (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2011-03-30 | 沈阳大陆激光成套设备有限公司 | Laser cladding wear-resisting and heat fatigue-resisting alloy coating process for manufacturing hot rolled seamless steel tube rolling mill retained mandrel |
| CN103966598A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-08-06 | 山东大学 | Titanium alloy surface multi-element laser alloyed layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN114110553A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-03-01 | 国家能源费县发电有限公司 | Boiler tube panel and boiler generator set |
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