CN114768778A - 一种炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114768778A CN114768778A CN202210435641.4A CN202210435641A CN114768778A CN 114768778 A CN114768778 A CN 114768778A CN 202210435641 A CN202210435641 A CN 202210435641A CN 114768778 A CN114768778 A CN 114768778A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- carbon
- based composite
- kitchen waste
- mass
- preparation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021190 leftovers Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011852 carbon nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011067 equilibration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/0225—Compounds of Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/0274—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04 characterised by the type of anion
- B01J20/0288—Halides of compounds other than those provided for in B01J20/046
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J20/28004—Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. particle size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3078—Thermal treatment, e.g. calcining or pyrolizing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3085—Chemical treatments not covered by groups B01J20/3007 - B01J20/3078
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/285—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using synthetic organic sorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/46—Materials comprising a mixture of inorganic and organic materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4875—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being a waste, residue or of undefined composition
- B01J2220/4887—Residues, wastes, e.g. garbage, municipal or industrial sludges, compost, animal manure; fly-ashes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法,将预处理后的餐厨垃圾、污水厂污泥与稻壳粉混合后,先采用双氧水和氢氧化钠进行预处理,然后加入三氯化铁和阳离子聚丙烯酰胺进行调理,压滤脱水,烘干后分步保温炭化,即得。本发明不仅可以实现对城市常见固废餐厨垃圾、污水厂污泥进行联合回收利用处理,而且制得的炭基复合吸附材料具有优良的吸附效果,尤其适合应用于含磷酸盐废水的无害化处理。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及吸附材料制备技术领域,尤其涉及一种炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法。
背景技术
餐厨垃圾包括厨余垃圾和泔脚,其中厨余垃圾是指家庭、餐饮行业等产生的食物加工下脚料,例如菜叶、果皮等,碳水化合物和纤维素含量高,而泔脚包括剩饭剩菜等食用残余和废弃食用油脂,其成分以淀粉、蛋白质、油脂为主。城市餐厨垃圾具有体量大、成分复杂、容易造成二次污染的特点,如何对其进行合理的无害化处理已经成为城市建设中的难点。污水厂污泥是在污水处理过程中产生的污泥,含有丰富的有机质、微生物以及氮磷钾等营养成分。随着城市建设的发展以及物质的增长,城市污水厂污泥的产生量也逐步增加,为城市环境保护带来了很大的压力。将餐厨垃圾和城市污水厂污泥进行联合无害化处置,既能够缓解环境压力,节约处置场地和成本,又能达到废弃物的资源化回收利用目的。因此,探索城市污水厂污泥和餐厨垃圾固体废弃物协同处理技术具有十分重要的意义。
当前,垃圾的资源化再利用领域的热点就是通过将垃圾炭化而制得炭材料,其制成的炭材料具有高比表面积和多孔性质,吸附性能良好,可以作为处理环境污染物的吸附材料而使用。城市污水厂污泥和餐厨垃圾具有不同的组分和性质,与单一原料制备炭材料相比,可以改变单一炭化产物物相单一的缺点,从而提高炭材料的吸附性能。尽管如此,受到城市污水厂污泥和餐厨垃圾作为炭化原料成分复杂和传统炭化工艺单一的制约,得到的炭基复合吸附材料对污染物的吸附去除效果仍然不够理想。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题,本发明提出了一种炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法。
本发明提出的一种炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将餐厨垃圾进行分拣,去除其中的塑料、金属、玻璃类杂物,然后绞碎,加热搅拌,进行相分离去除油脂,得到预处理后的餐厨垃圾;
S2、将预处理后的餐厨垃圾、污水厂污泥与稻壳粉混合,得到混合料,然后向所述混合料中依次加入氢氧化钠溶液和双氧水,在50-70℃下加热搅拌1.5-3h,然后将pH调至中性,得到预处理浆料;
S3、向所述预处理浆料中加入三氯化铁溶液,搅拌5-10min,然后加入阳离子聚丙烯酰胺溶液,搅拌15-30min,压滤脱水,得到半干泥饼;
S4、将所述半干泥饼烘干后,先在250-400℃下预炭化1.5-2h,再在550-850℃下炭化0.5-1h,得到炭基复合吸附材料。
优选地,所述预处理后的餐厨垃圾的含水率为70-80%,污水厂污泥的含水率为80-98%。
优选地,所述稻壳粉为150-300目。
优选地,S1中,绞碎至粒径为3-6mm;S1中,加热搅拌的温度为85-95℃,时间为15-30min。
优选地,S2中,预处理后的餐厨垃圾、污水厂污泥与稻壳粉的质量比为1:(2-5):(0.1-0.5)。
优选地,S2中,氢氧化钠溶液的质量浓度为20-30%,用量为混合料质量的10-20%;S2中,双氧水的质量浓度为20-30%,用量为混合料质量的15-30%。
优选地,S3中,阳离子聚丙烯酰胺溶液的质量浓度为3-5%,用量为预处理浆料质量的0.05-0.1%;S3中,三氯化铁溶液的质量浓度为25-35%,用量为预处理浆料质量的0.1-0.15%。
优选地,S3中,压滤脱水的压力为1-3MPa。
优选地,所述半干泥饼的含水率为50-60%。
优选地,S4中,烘干的温度为100-150℃,烘干至含水率为15-20%。
一种炭基复合吸附材料,由所述的制备方法制得。
本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明是将餐厨垃圾、污水厂污泥与稻壳粉按一定的比例混合作为炭化原料,经过双氧水和氢氧化钠预处理后,用三氯化铁和阳离子聚丙烯酰胺进行调理使浆料更易脱水,再经过压滤脱水,烘干,分步保温炭化,得到炭基复合吸附材料。本发明中,加入稻壳粉的目的有:一方面可以作为骨架颗粒,在三氯化铁和阳离子聚丙烯酰胺的存在下与污泥、餐厨垃圾颗粒发生吸附,有利于后续压滤脱水,可以减少调理剂的使用,降低炭化产物中的杂质含量;另一方面稻壳粉中富含纤维素,可以与餐厨垃圾和污泥中的有机质在炭化后形成多元化的微观孔结构,改善炭化产物的吸附性能。但是,稻壳粉的引入使得炭化原料的成分更加复杂化,稻壳粉中的纤维素在低温下炭化不充分,而高温处理会使餐厨垃圾和污泥中的有机质过快分解成炭,导致形成的炭复合材料中存在孔洞不均匀,大小偏大等问题,这两种情况均会影响炭化产物的吸附效果;因此,本发明采用双氧水和氢氧化钠对炭化原料进行预处理,适度分解纤维素,使纤维素的炭化温度适度降低,与污泥中的有机质更为接近,同时利用分步升温炭化,先在250-400℃下预炭化处理,使餐厨垃圾、污水厂污泥中的易炭化有机质发生炭化,再在550-850℃下处理,使其余的有机质和纤维素炭化,有助于形成更为均匀的物相和微孔结构,显著改善炭化产物的吸附效果。本发明以城市常见固废餐厨垃圾、污水厂污泥作为主要炭化原料,制得的炭基复合吸附材料具有优良的吸附效果,尤其适合应用于含磷酸盐废水的无害化处理。
具体实施方式
下面,通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
实施例1
一种炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将餐厨垃圾进行分拣,去除其中的塑料、金属、玻璃类杂物,然后绞碎至粒径为3-6mm,在85℃下加热搅拌15min,进行相分离去除油脂,得到预处理后的餐厨垃圾,其中预处理后的餐厨垃圾的含水率为80%;
S2、将上述预处理后的餐厨垃圾、含水率为80-98%的污水厂污泥与150-300目的稻壳粉按质量比为1:2:0.1混合,得到混合料,然后向所述混合料中依次加入质量浓度为20%的氢氧化钠溶液和质量浓度为20%的双氧水,在50℃下加热搅拌1.5h,然后将pH调至中性,得到预处理浆料,其中氢氧化钠溶液的用量为混合料质量的10%,双氧水的用量为混合料质量的15%;
S3、向所述预处理浆料中加入质量浓度为25%的三氯化铁溶液,搅拌5min,然后加入质量浓度为3%的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺溶液,搅拌15min,在1MPa的压力下压滤脱水,得到含水率为60%的半干泥饼,其中阳离子聚丙烯酰胺溶液的用量为预处理浆料质量的0.05%,三氯化铁溶液的用量为预处理浆料质量的0.1%;
S4、将所述半干泥饼在100℃下烘干至含水率为20%,然后先在250℃下预炭化1.5h,再在550℃下炭化0.5h,得到炭基复合吸附材料。
实施例2
一种炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将餐厨垃圾进行分拣,去除其中的塑料、金属、玻璃类杂物,然后绞碎至粒径为3-6mm,在95℃下加热搅拌30min,进行相分离去除油脂,得到预处理后的餐厨垃圾,其中预处理后的餐厨垃圾的含水率为70%;
S2、将上述预处理后的餐厨垃圾、含水率为95%的污水厂污泥与300目的稻壳粉按质量比为1:5:0.5混合,得到混合料,然后向所述混合料中依次加入质量浓度为30%的氢氧化钠溶液和质量浓度为30%的双氧水,在70℃下加热搅拌3h,然后将pH调至中性,得到预处理浆料,其中氢氧化钠溶液的用量为混合料质量的20%,双氧水的用量为混合料质量的30%;
S3、向所述预处理浆料中加入质量浓度为35%的三氯化铁溶液,搅拌10min,然后加入质量浓度为5%的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺溶液,搅拌30min,在3MPa的压力下压滤脱水,得到含水率为50%的半干泥饼,其中阳离子聚丙烯酰胺溶液的用量为预处理浆料质量的0.1%,三氯化铁溶液的用量为预处理浆料质量的0.15%;
S4、将所述半干泥饼在150℃下烘干至含水率为15%,然后先在400℃下预炭化2h,再在850℃下炭化1h,得到炭基复合吸附材料。
实施例3
一种炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将餐厨垃圾进行分拣,去除其中的塑料、金属、玻璃类杂物,然后绞碎至粒径为3-6mm,在90℃下加热搅拌20min,进行相分离去除油脂,得到预处理后的餐厨垃圾,其中预处理后的餐厨垃圾的含水率为75%;
S2、将上述预处理后的餐厨垃圾、含水率为95%的污水厂污泥与200目的稻壳粉按质量比为1:3:0.4混合,得到混合料,然后向所述混合料中依次加入质量浓度为25%的氢氧化钠溶液和质量浓度为25%的双氧水,在60℃下加热搅拌2h,然后将pH调至中性,得到预处理浆料,其中氢氧化钠溶液的用量为混合料质量的15%,双氧水的用量为混合料质量的20%;
S3、向所述预处理浆料中加入质量浓度为30%的三氯化铁溶液,搅拌8min,然后加入质量浓度为4%的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺溶液,搅拌20min,在2MPa的压力下压滤脱水,得到含水率为55%的半干泥饼,其中阳离子聚丙烯酰胺溶液的用量为预处理浆料质量的0.08%,三氯化铁溶液的用量为预处理浆料质量的0.12%;
S4、将所述半干泥饼在120℃下烘干至含水率为18%,然后先在350℃下预炭化100min,再在700℃下炭化50min,得到炭基复合吸附材料。
对比例1
对比例1与实施例3的区别仅为:S2中,不对混合料进行处理。具体如下:
一种炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将餐厨垃圾进行分拣,去除其中的塑料、金属、玻璃类杂物,然后绞碎至粒径为3-6mm,在90℃下加热搅拌20min,进行相分离去除油脂,得到预处理后的餐厨垃圾,其中预处理后的餐厨垃圾的含水率为75%;
S2、将上述预处理后的餐厨垃圾、含水率为95%的污水厂污泥与200目的稻壳粉按质量比为1:3:0.4混合,得到混合料;
S3、向所述混合料中加入质量浓度为30%的三氯化铁溶液,搅拌8min,然后加入质量浓度为4%的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺溶液,搅拌20min,在2MPa的压力下压滤脱水,得到含水率为55%的半干泥饼,其中阳离子聚丙烯酰胺溶液的用量为预处理浆料质量的0.08%,三氯化铁溶液的用量为预处理浆料质量的0.12%;
S4、将所述半干泥饼在120℃下烘干至含水率为18%,然后先在350℃下预炭化100min,再在700℃下炭化50min,得到炭基复合吸附材料。
对比例2
对比例2与实施例3的区别仅为:S4中,炭化工艺条件不同。具体如下:
一种炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将餐厨垃圾进行分拣,去除其中的塑料、金属、玻璃类杂物,然后绞碎至粒径为3-6mm,在90℃下加热搅拌20min,进行相分离去除油脂,得到预处理后的餐厨垃圾,其中预处理后的餐厨垃圾的含水率为75%;
S2、将上述预处理后的餐厨垃圾、含水率为95%的污水厂污泥与200目的稻壳粉按质量比为1:3:0.4混合,得到混合料,然后向所述混合料中依次加入质量浓度为25%的氢氧化钠溶液和质量浓度为25%的双氧水,在60℃下加热搅拌2h,然后将pH调至中性,得到预处理浆料,其中氢氧化钠溶液的用量为混合料质量的15%,双氧水的用量为混合料质量的20%;
S3、向所述预处理浆料中加入质量浓度为30%的三氯化铁溶液,搅拌8min,然后加入质量浓度为4%的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺溶液,搅拌20min,在2MPa的压力下压滤脱水,得到含水率为55%的半干泥饼,其中阳离子聚丙烯酰胺溶液的用量为预处理浆料质量的0.08%,三氯化铁溶液的用量为预处理浆料质量的0.12%;
S4、将所述半干泥饼在120℃下烘干至含水率为18%,然后在700℃下炭化50min,得到炭基复合吸附材料。
试验例
采用实施例3和对比例1-2制备的炭基复合吸附材料进行磷酸盐吸附性能,具体如下:分别称取0.4g吸附材料置于100mL塑料离心管中,加入40mL磷酸二氢钾的溶液(磷酸根浓度为1000mg/L),于18℃下恒温震荡16h,然后再5000rpm下离心10min,取上清液并根据其浓度进行适当稀释,采用ICP-OES测试溶液中的磷酸根浓度。计算出平衡后滤液中的化合物浓度eq后,使用公式Q=((input-eq))/m*V,其中Q为吸附量,input为加入溶液浓度,V为加入溶液体积,m为材料质量。结果如表1所示:
表1
实施例3 | 对比例1 | 对比例2 | |
吸附量Q(mg/g) | 102.4 | 63.1 | 78.7 |
从表1中可以看出,本发明的炭基复合材料对磷酸盐具有极其优良的吸附效果,适合应用于含磷酸盐废水的无害化处理。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、将餐厨垃圾进行分拣,去除其中的塑料、金属、玻璃类杂物,然后绞碎,加热搅拌,进行相分离去除油脂,得到预处理后的餐厨垃圾;
S2、将预处理后的餐厨垃圾、污水厂污泥与稻壳粉混合,得到混合料,然后向所述混合料中依次加入氢氧化钠溶液和双氧水,在50-70℃下加热搅拌1.5-3h,然后将pH调至中性,得到预处理浆料;
S3、向所述预处理浆料中加入三氯化铁溶液,搅拌5-10min,然后加入阳离子聚丙烯酰胺溶液,搅拌15-30min,压滤脱水,得到半干泥饼;
S4、将所述半干泥饼烘干后,先在250-400℃下预炭化1.5-2h,再在550-850℃下炭化0.5-1h,得到炭基复合吸附材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述预处理后的餐厨垃圾的含水率为70-80%,污水厂污泥的含水率为80-98%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法,其特征在于,S1中,绞碎至粒径为3-6mm;S1中,加热搅拌的温度为85-95℃,时间为15-30min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法,其特征在于,S2中,预处理后的餐厨垃圾、污水厂污泥与稻壳粉的质量比为1:(2-5):(0.1-0.5)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法,其特征在于,S2中,氢氧化钠溶液的质量浓度为20-30%,用量为混合料质量的10-20%;S2中,双氧水的质量浓度为20-30%,用量为混合料质量的15-30%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法,其特征在于,S3中,阳离子聚丙烯酰胺溶液的质量浓度为3-5%,用量为预处理浆料质量的0.05-0.1%;S3中,三氯化铁溶液的质量浓度为25-35%,用量为预处理浆料质量的0.1-0.15%。
7.根据权利要求1所述的炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法,其特征在于,S3中,压滤脱水的压力为1-3MPa。
8.根据权利要求1所述的炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述半干泥饼的含水率为50-60%。
9.根据权利要求1所述的炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法,其特征在于,S4中,烘干的温度为100-150℃,烘干至含水率为15-20%。
10.一种炭基复合吸附材料,其特征在于,由权利要求1-9任一项所述的制备方法制得。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210435641.4A CN114768778B (zh) | 2022-04-24 | 2022-04-24 | 一种炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210435641.4A CN114768778B (zh) | 2022-04-24 | 2022-04-24 | 一种炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN114768778A true CN114768778A (zh) | 2022-07-22 |
CN114768778B CN114768778B (zh) | 2024-02-20 |
Family
ID=82433473
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210435641.4A Active CN114768778B (zh) | 2022-04-24 | 2022-04-24 | 一种炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN114768778B (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115448311A (zh) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-12-09 | 城康材料技术有限公司 | 一种载铁活性炭及其制备方法和应用 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006007186A (ja) * | 2004-06-29 | 2006-01-12 | Jfe Steel Kk | 重金属類の捕捉材、および重金属類の分離除去方法 |
CN103316632A (zh) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-09-25 | 重庆大学 | 一种芦竹生物炭、制备方法及强化氨氮吸附的方法 |
CN104815831A (zh) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-08-05 | 北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | 一种利用有机固体废弃物制备的除臭剂及其应用 |
CN106390928A (zh) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-02-15 | 昆明理工大学 | 基于纤维素气凝胶活性炭的制备方法及应用 |
CN110950520A (zh) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-04-03 | 安徽百和环境技术有限公司 | 一种多相固体废弃物处理方法 |
CN111392987A (zh) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-07-10 | 北京国能中电节能环保技术股份有限公司 | 一种分布式餐厨设备废水的处理方法和处理系统 |
-
2022
- 2022-04-24 CN CN202210435641.4A patent/CN114768778B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006007186A (ja) * | 2004-06-29 | 2006-01-12 | Jfe Steel Kk | 重金属類の捕捉材、および重金属類の分離除去方法 |
CN103316632A (zh) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-09-25 | 重庆大学 | 一种芦竹生物炭、制备方法及强化氨氮吸附的方法 |
CN104815831A (zh) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-08-05 | 北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | 一种利用有机固体废弃物制备的除臭剂及其应用 |
CN106390928A (zh) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-02-15 | 昆明理工大学 | 基于纤维素气凝胶活性炭的制备方法及应用 |
CN110950520A (zh) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-04-03 | 安徽百和环境技术有限公司 | 一种多相固体废弃物处理方法 |
CN111392987A (zh) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-07-10 | 北京国能中电节能环保技术股份有限公司 | 一种分布式餐厨设备废水的处理方法和处理系统 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115448311A (zh) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-12-09 | 城康材料技术有限公司 | 一种载铁活性炭及其制备方法和应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN114768778B (zh) | 2024-02-20 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN103253651B (zh) | 一种木质素基多孔碳材料及其制备方法 | |
CN112919754B (zh) | 一种污泥耦合生物质热解制备生物炭及固化重金属的方法 | |
CN109179927B (zh) | 一种剩余污泥循环式处理的方法 | |
CN101966990B (zh) | 一种用山茱萸果核制备活性炭的方法 | |
CN110743498B (zh) | 一种食用菌菌渣生物炭的制备方法 | |
CN100515940C (zh) | 红蓼秸杆活性炭的制备方法 | |
CN109701493B (zh) | 一种氮掺杂生物炭的制备方法 | |
CN103523775A (zh) | 污泥的处理方法及其获得的农用污泥生物炭 | |
CN110773123A (zh) | 一种生物炭/沸石复合吸附剂材料及其制备方法 | |
CN113019323B (zh) | 超声活化生物炭及其制备方法与应用 | |
CN110684647A (zh) | 餐厨垃圾、厨余垃圾与市政污泥协同消化实现沼渣干化热平衡的系统和方法 | |
CN109575928B (zh) | 一种土壤修复剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN114768778A (zh) | 一种炭基复合吸附材料的制备方法 | |
CN104591183A (zh) | 一种水蒸气法制废旧电路板活性炭的方法 | |
CN114259988A (zh) | 一种利用高铁酸钾和核桃壳处理污泥制备的生物炭及方法 | |
CN113477226A (zh) | 一种利用壳聚糖改性生物炭去除水溶液中三价锑的方法 | |
CN116689456A (zh) | 一种餐厨垃圾低碳资源化利用的方法 | |
CN114591069B (zh) | 一种污泥陶粒及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN113522257B (zh) | 高性能除Cr(VI)煤基功能材料的制备方法及使用方法 | |
CN115744902A (zh) | 一种高性能污泥活性炭及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN113956884B (zh) | 一种褐煤基重金属污染土壤修复剂的制备方法 | |
CN211367551U (zh) | 餐厨垃圾、厨余垃圾与市政污泥协同消化实现沼渣干化热平衡的系统 | |
CN106044745A (zh) | 一种茭白废弃物制备水热炭微球的方法和应用 | |
CN110586033A (zh) | 一种用于地下水修复的混合炭基吸附材料的制备方法 | |
CN112010668A (zh) | 一种免烘干不预热工艺制备污泥陶粒的方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |