CN114767579A - 一种具有缓释功效的驱蚊液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有缓释功效的驱蚊液及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有缓释功效的驱蚊液及其制备方法,属于日用化工产品技术领域。所述具有缓释功效的驱蚊液,以质量百分比计,包括如下组份:负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊20~30%,棕榈酰基胶原蛋白酸1~2%,表面活性剂5~10%,乙醇25~35%,余量为水。本发明提供了负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊的驱蚊液,利用缓释微胶囊的内外层结构,使得负载在其中的驱蚊剂能缓慢的释放,大大延长了驱蚊时间,同时,添加了棕榈酰基胶原蛋白酸,降低了对皮肤的刺激性,防止皮肤过敏,具有较好的安全性和驱蚊效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于日用化工产品技术领域,具体涉及一种具有缓释功效的驱蚊液及其制备方法。
背景技术
蚊虫是四害之一,其种类多、繁殖快、分布广,除少数种类外,大多数都吸血,对人畜不但会骚扰和叮刺,而且还能传播多种疾病;因此,蚊虫是威胁人类健康的一个重大隐患。
目前,防除蚊虫主要手段是使用杀虫剂和驱避剂,杀虫剂中以化学合成杀虫剂为主。化学合成杀虫剂具有高效、快速、方便等特点而不断发展和广泛应用,在蚊虫防治中仍占有重要地位,但长期大量使用化学合成杀虫剂会使昆虫产生抗药性而药效大减,同时产生不良副作用,化学合成杀虫剂的大量使用还会带来环境污染等问题。昆虫驱避剂的作用原理与杀虫剂存在本质区别,驱避剂不直接作用于昆虫将其致死,其主要功能是使用后可依靠其物理、化学作用(如颜色、气味等)使昆虫忌避或发生转移、潜逃,驱避剂不将昆虫灭杀,具有处理方法简单方便,作用效果迅速等优点,可降低昆虫抗药性产生的机率和减少环境污染。
对同一种驱避剂来说,其剂型不同驱避效果也不同。此外,昆虫的生理状态、种类、密度,个人和使用环境的差异也会影响驱避剂的使用效果。目前,常用的驱避剂品种主要有膏剂、霜剂、酊剂、乳胶剂、气雾剂、驱蚊摩丝、驱蚊纸巾、驱蚊爽身粉等。然而,目前市场上最有效的广谱驱避剂(驱蚊酯)的实际驱蚊效果一般只有4~6h,不能向消费者提供长时间的有效驱蚊保护,并且驱蚊酯还存在水溶性差,易水解等问题。
有鉴于此,有必要提供一种具有缓释功效的驱蚊液来解决上述技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种具有缓释功效的驱蚊液及其制备方法。解决目前市场上最有效的广谱驱避剂(驱蚊酯)的实际驱蚊效果一般只有4~6h,不能向消费者提供长时间的有效驱蚊保护,并且驱蚊酯还存在水溶性差,易水解等问题。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种具有缓释功效的驱蚊液。
一种具有缓释功效的驱蚊液,以质量百分比计,包括如下组份:负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊20~30%,棕榈酰基胶原蛋白酸1~2%,表面活性剂5~10%,乙醇25~35%,余量为水。
进一步地,所述负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊的制备方法如下:
S1、将PLGA和驱蚊剂溶于有机溶剂中,得到油相物料;
S2、将薜荔籽果胶经过季铵化改性处理,得到改性薜荔籽果胶,溶于水中,得到水相物料;
S3、将步骤S1中得到的油相物料缓慢加入到步骤S2中得到的水相物料中,搅拌混合均匀后,进行高压均质、剪切处理后,去除有机溶剂,得到负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊。
更进一步地,所述负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊中的PLGA、驱蚊剂和改性薜荔籽果胶的质量比为(0.8~1.2):(0.5~0.8):(0.8~1.0)。
更进一步地,步骤S1中,所述驱蚊剂为驱蚊植物精油、驱蚊酯和对薄荷烷-3,8二醇的混合物,所述驱蚊植物精油、所述驱蚊酯和所述对薄荷烷-3,8二醇的质量比为(0.3~0.5):(0.4~0.6):(0.2~0.4)。
更进一步地,所述驱蚊植物精油选自香茅精油、薰衣草精油、艾叶精油和薄荷精油中的一种或多种。
更进一步地,步骤S2中,所述薜荔籽果胶经过季铵化改性处理方法如下:将5g薜荔籽果胶溶于50ml异丙醇中,加热溶胀1h,加入0.25g 3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵,并调节pH为9.0,在200W微波照射下,反应5min,产物经无水乙醇洗涤,过筛,干燥后,即可得到改性薜荔籽果胶。
更进一步地,步骤S3中,所述高压均质处理的参数如下:均质温度为20~28℃,均质压力为160~180par,均质2~4次。
更进一步地,步骤S3中,所述剪切处理的参数如下:在18000~20000rpm的条件下剪切乳化10~15min。
进一步地,所述表面活性剂选自蔗糖脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯和聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚中的一种或多种。
本发明中具有缓释功效的驱蚊液,以质量百分比计,包括如下组份:负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊20~30%,棕榈酰基胶原蛋白酸1~2%,表面活性剂5~10%,乙醇25~35%,余量为水。其中,负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊的内核层为PLGA,所述PLGA里面负载驱蚊剂,驱蚊剂为驱蚊植物精油、驱蚊酯和对薄荷烷-3,8二醇的混合物,三者协同发挥功效,并且驱蚊植物精油和对薄荷烷-3,8二醇能增加驱蚊酯的溶解度,提高了驱蚊酯的利用率,解决驱蚊酯易水解的问题;所述缓释微胶囊的外壳层为改性薜荔籽果胶,由于薜荔籽果胶进行可季铵化改性,使得改性薜荔籽果胶带有正电荷,在静电吸附的作用下,带有正电荷的外壳层改性薜荔籽果胶吸附在带有负电荷的PLGA内核层上,两者协同作用,大大增强了缓释微胶囊的缓释性能;同时,由于缓释微胶囊的外壳层带有正电荷,在排斥力的作用下,制得的缓释微胶囊在驱蚊液中分散均匀;另外,棕榈酰基胶原蛋白酸具有抗过敏的作用,防止皮肤过敏。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种具有缓释功效的驱蚊液的制备方法。
上述任一项所述的具有缓释功效的驱蚊液的制备方法,包括如下步骤:按配方量将负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊和表面活性剂混合均匀,然后加入棕榈酰基胶原蛋白酸和水,并搅拌溶解均匀,最后加入乙醇,搅拌均匀后,即可得到驱蚊液。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下优点:
本发明提供了负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊的驱蚊液,利用缓释微胶囊的内外层结构,使得负载在其中的驱蚊剂能缓慢的释放,大大延长了驱蚊时间,同时,添加了棕榈酰基胶原蛋白酸,降低了对皮肤的刺激性,防止皮肤过敏,具有较好的安全性和驱蚊效果。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例,基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明所使用的常规试剂和设备,如无特殊说明,均可市售获得。
本发明中,所述薜荔籽果胶经过季铵化改性处理方法如下:将5g薜荔籽果胶溶于50ml异丙醇中,加热溶胀1h,加入0.25g 3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵,并调节pH为9.0,在200W微波照射下,反应5min,产物经无水乙醇洗涤,过筛,干燥后,即可得到改性薜荔籽果胶。
实施例1
一种具有缓释功效的驱蚊液,以质量百分比计,包括如下组份:负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊20%,棕榈酰基胶原蛋白酸1%,蔗糖脂肪酸酯5%,乙醇25%,余量为水。
所述负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊的制备方法如下:
S1、将PLGA和驱蚊剂溶于有机溶剂中,得到油相物料;
S2、将薜荔籽果胶经过季铵化改性处理,得到改性薜荔籽果胶,溶于水中,得到水相物料;
其中,所述PLGA、所述驱蚊剂和所述改性薜荔籽果胶的质量比为0.8:0.5:0.8;
所述驱蚊剂为香茅精油、驱蚊酯和对薄荷烷-3,8二醇的混合物,所述香茅精油、所述驱蚊酯和所述对薄荷烷-3,8二醇的质量比为0.3:0.4:0.2;
S3、将步骤S1中得到的油相物料缓慢加入到步骤S2中得到的水相物料中,搅拌混合均匀后,进行高压均质、剪切处理后,所述高压均质处理的参数如下:均质温度为20~28℃,均质压力为160~180par,均质2~4次;所述剪切处理的参数如下:在18000~20000rpm的条件下剪切乳化10~15min;去除有机溶剂,得到负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊。
所述具有缓释功效的驱蚊液的制备方法,包括如下步骤:按配方量将负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊和蔗糖脂肪酸酯混合均匀,然后加入棕榈酰基胶原蛋白酸和水,并搅拌溶解均匀,最后加入乙醇,搅拌均匀后,即可得到驱蚊液。
实施例2
一种具有缓释功效的驱蚊液,以质量百分比计,包括如下组份:负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊25%,棕榈酰基胶原蛋白酸1.5%,聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯7%,乙醇30%,余量为水。
所述负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊的制备方法如下:
S1、将PLGA和驱蚊剂溶于有机溶剂中,得到油相物料;
S2、将薜荔籽果胶经过季铵化改性处理,得到改性薜荔籽果胶,溶于水中,得到水相物料;
其中,所述PLGA、所述驱蚊剂和所述改性薜荔籽果胶的质量比为1.0:0.7:0.9;
所述驱蚊剂为薰衣草精油、驱蚊酯和对薄荷烷-3,8二醇的混合物,所述薰衣草精油、所述驱蚊酯和所述对薄荷烷-3,8二醇的质量比为0.4:0.5:0.3;
S3、将步骤S1中得到的油相物料缓慢加入到步骤S2中得到的水相物料中,搅拌混合均匀后,进行高压均质、剪切处理后,所述高压均质处理的参数如下:均质温度为20~28℃,均质压力为160~180par,均质2~4次;所述剪切处理的参数如下:在18000~20000rpm的条件下剪切乳化10~15min;去除有机溶剂,得到负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊。
所述具有缓释功效的驱蚊液的制备方法,包括如下步骤:按配方量将负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊和聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯混合均匀,然后加入棕榈酰基胶原蛋白酸和水,并搅拌溶解均匀,最后加入乙醇,搅拌均匀后,即可得到驱蚊液。
实施例3
一种具有缓释功效的驱蚊液,以质量百分比计,包括如下组份:负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊30%,棕榈酰基胶原蛋白酸2%,聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚10%,乙醇35%,余量为水。
所述负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊的制备方法如下:
S1、将PLGA和驱蚊剂溶于有机溶剂中,得到油相物料;
S2、将薜荔籽果胶经过季铵化改性处理,得到改性薜荔籽果胶,溶于水中,得到水相物料;
其中,所述PLGA、所述驱蚊剂和所述改性薜荔籽果胶的质量比为1.2:0.8:1.0;
所述驱蚊剂为薄荷精油、驱蚊酯和对薄荷烷-3,8二醇的混合物,所述薄荷精油、所述驱蚊酯和所述对薄荷烷-3,8二醇的质量比为0.5:0.6:0.4;
S3、将步骤S1中得到的油相物料缓慢加入到步骤S2中得到的水相物料中,搅拌混合均匀后,进行高压均质、剪切处理后,所述高压均质处理的参数如下:均质温度为20~28℃,均质压力为160~180par,均质2~4次;所述剪切处理的参数如下:在18000~20000rpm的条件下剪切乳化10~15min;去除有机溶剂,得到负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊。
所述具有缓释功效的驱蚊液的制备方法,包括如下步骤:按配方量将负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊和聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚混合均匀,然后加入棕榈酰基胶原蛋白酸和水,并搅拌溶解均匀,最后加入乙醇,搅拌均匀后,即可得到驱蚊液。
对比例1
具有缓释功效的驱蚊液的组分和制备方法基本同实施例3一致,不同之处在于,薜荔籽果胶未经改性处理。
对比例2
具有缓释功效的驱蚊液的组分和制备方法基本同实施例3一致,不同之处在于,不添加改性薜荔籽果胶。
对比例3
具有缓释功效的驱蚊液的组分和制备方法基本同实施例3一致,不同之处在于,不添加PLGA。
实施例4驱蚊液驱蚊时效的测试
按照国家标准GB/T 13917.9-2009农药登记用卫生杀虫剂室内药效试验及评价第9部分:趋避剂中的方案进行测试。
选取36名攻击力合格的人,随机分为6组,每组中男女各半,在每个人的双手背上各画出50mm×50mm的皮肤面积,其中一只手为空白对照,另一只手涂抹实施例1~3和对比例1~3中制得的驱蚊液,剂量为1.5μl/cm2,暴露其中的40mm×40mm皮肤,遮蔽其余部分。涂抹驱蚊液后2h,将手伸入蚊笼中2min,观察有无蚊虫前来吸血,以后每小时测试一次,记录蚊虫停落情况,只要有1只蚊虫前来吸血即判为驱蚊液失效,记录驱蚊液的有效保护时间,结果如下表1所示:
表1驱蚊液的有效保护时间结果
项目 | 有效保护时间(h) |
实施例1 | 14.5 |
实施例2 | 15.3 |
实施例3 | 15.8 |
对比例1 | 10.8 |
对比例2 | 7.3 |
对比例3 | 6.5 |
从表1中的结果可以看出,实施例1~3制得的驱蚊液对蚊虫的有效保护时间在15h左右,结果表明,本发明制得的驱蚊液,利用缓释微胶囊的内外层结构,使得负载在其中的驱蚊剂能缓慢的释放,大大延长了驱蚊时间;
对比例1与实施例3的区别在于,薜荔籽果胶未经改性处理,结果发现,制得的驱蚊液对蚊虫的有效保护时间有了一定程度的降低,这是由于,薜荔籽果胶未经改性处理,使得缓释胶囊的外壳层与内核层结合力不够,导致缓释性能有了一定程度的下降;
对比例2和3与实施例3的区别在于,只包含外壳层与内核层中的一种,结果发现,制得的驱蚊液对蚊虫的有效保护时间大幅度的降低,结果进一步地表明,带有正电荷的外壳层改性薜荔籽果胶吸附在带有负电荷的PLGA内核层上,两者协同作用,大大增强了缓释微胶囊的缓释性能。
以上实施例,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制,本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,其依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改或可轻易想到变化,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改、变化或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明实施例技术方案的精神和范围,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种具有缓释功效的驱蚊液,其特征在于,以质量百分比计,包括如下组份:负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊20~30%,棕榈酰基胶原蛋白酸1~2%,表面活性剂5~10%,乙醇25~35%,余量为水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有缓释功效的驱蚊液,其特征在于,所述负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊的制备方法如下:
S1、将PLGA和驱蚊剂溶于有机溶剂中,得到油相物料;
S2、将薜荔籽果胶经过季铵化改性处理,得到改性薜荔籽果胶,溶于水中,得到水相物料;
S3、将步骤S1中得到的油相物料缓慢加入到步骤S2中得到的水相物料中,搅拌混合均匀后,进行高压均质、剪切处理后,去除有机溶剂,得到负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊。
3.根据权利要求2所述的具有缓释功效的驱蚊液,其特征在于,所述负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊中的PLGA、驱蚊剂和改性薜荔籽果胶的质量比为(0.8~1.2):(0.5~0.8):(0.8~1.0)。
4.根据权利要求2所述的具有缓释功效的驱蚊液,其特征在于,步骤S1中,所述驱蚊剂为驱蚊植物精油、驱蚊酯和对薄荷烷-3,8二醇的混合物,所述驱蚊植物精油、所述驱蚊酯和所述对薄荷烷-3,8二醇的质量比为(0.3~0.5):(0.4~0.6):(0.2~0.4)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的具有缓释功效的驱蚊液,其特征在于,所述驱蚊植物精油选自香茅精油、薰衣草精油、艾叶精油和薄荷精油中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求2所述的具有缓释功效的驱蚊液,其特征在于,步骤S2中,所述薜荔籽果胶经过季铵化改性处理方法如下:将5g薜荔籽果胶溶于50ml异丙醇中,加热溶胀1h,加入0.25g 3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵,并调节pH为9.0,在200W微波照射下,反应5min,产物经无水乙醇洗涤,过筛,干燥后,即可得到改性薜荔籽果胶。
7.根据权利要求2所述的具有缓释功效的驱蚊液,其特征在于,步骤S3中,所述高压均质处理的参数如下:均质温度为20~28℃,均质压力为160~180par,均质2~4次。
8.根据权利要求2所述的具有缓释功效的驱蚊液,其特征在于,步骤S3中,所述剪切处理的参数如下:在18000~20000rpm的条件下剪切乳化10~15min。
9.根据权利要求1所述的具有缓释功效的驱蚊液,其特征在于,所述表面活性剂选自蔗糖脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯和聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚中的一种或多种。
10.权利要求1~9任一项所述的具有缓释功效的驱蚊液的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:按配方量将负载有驱蚊剂的缓释微胶囊和表面活性剂混合均匀,然后加入棕榈酰基胶原蛋白酸和水,并搅拌溶解均匀,最后加入乙醇,搅拌均匀后,即可得到驱蚊液。
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