CN114766625A - Coarse cereal staple food containing full effective components of Chinese herbal medicines and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Coarse cereal staple food containing full effective components of Chinese herbal medicines and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114766625A CN114766625A CN202210436152.0A CN202210436152A CN114766625A CN 114766625 A CN114766625 A CN 114766625A CN 202210436152 A CN202210436152 A CN 202210436152A CN 114766625 A CN114766625 A CN 114766625A
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- chinese herbal
- extraction
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- organic solvent
- coarse cereal
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- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L11/00—Pulses, i.e. fruits of leguminous plants, for production of food; Products from legumes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L11/01—Pulses or legumes in form of whole pieces or fragments thereof, without mashing or comminuting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L11/00—Pulses, i.e. fruits of leguminous plants, for production of food; Products from legumes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L11/01—Pulses or legumes in form of whole pieces or fragments thereof, without mashing or comminuting
- A23L11/03—Soya beans, e.g. full-fat soya bean flakes or grits
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L25/00—Food consisting mainly of nutmeat or seeds; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L25/20—Food consisting mainly of nutmeat or seeds; Preparation or treatment thereof consisting of whole seeds or seed fragments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/15—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/15—Vitamins
- A23L33/155—Vitamins A or D
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/16—Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/16—Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
- A23L33/165—Complexes or chelates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
- A23L33/175—Amino acids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/028—Flow sheets
- B01D11/0284—Multistage extraction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0288—Applications, solvents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Abstract
The invention provides coarse cereal staple food containing full effective components of Chinese herbal medicines and a preparation method thereof, relating to the technical field of coarse cereal staple food. The invention firstly uses organic solvent to extract effective components with small polarity, then uses aqueous organic solvent and water to extract effective components with medium polarity and large polarity, then recovers organic solvent, and mixes all extracting solutions into mixed solution. The mixed liquid is evaporated and concentrated into solid, and then is compounded with the components of compound grains and the like to obtain the coarse cereal staple food containing the full effective components of the Chinese herbal medicines. By utilizing the extraction method, the defect that the taste of the coarse cereal staple food is poor due to the fact that the existing traditional Chinese medicine crushing method contains plant residues is overcome, and the problem that the effect of the coarse cereal staple food is low due to the fact that the traditional Chinese medicine extraction ingredients are not fully extracted in the existing method is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coarse cereal staple food, and particularly relates to coarse cereal staple food containing full effective components of Chinese herbal medicines and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The minor cereal staple food is a food prepared by processing a plurality of grains mainly containing carbohydrate into composite grains, wherein the composite grains can be directly eaten, such as steamed rice or porridge, or can be used after being processed, such as processing the composite grains into flour and preparing flour food such as steamed bread, fried flour or rice paste. In recent years, staple food prepared by adding Chinese herbal medicines into compound grains is developed, and the aim of preventing and treating diseases in three meals a day is expected to be achieved.
However, most of the Chinese herbal medicines are tissues of roots, stems, leaves and the like of plants, and can not be directly used with compound grains to prepare staple food, so that the Chinese herbal medicines need to be pretreated. At present, the traditional Chinese herbal medicine pretreatment method for preparing the coarse cereal staple food containing Chinese herbal medicines can be divided into two main categories, firstly, the Chinese herbal medicines are ground into fine powder and added into compound grains, but the coarse cereal staple food prepared by the method has poor taste and cannot be popularized; the other method is to boil the Chinese herbal medicines in water, concentrate the water decoction and mix the concentrated water decoction with compound grains to prepare the coarse cereal staple food, so that the problem of the mouthfeel caused by residues is solved, but only the water-soluble active ingredients of the Chinese herbal medicines are reserved, and the active ingredients are absent. Therefore, developing a new Chinese herbal medicine pretreatment technology which can not affect the taste and keep all the effective components of the Chinese herbal medicines becomes a key for preparing staple food containing Chinese herbal medicines and coarse cereals.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a coarse cereal staple food containing total effective ingredients of Chinese herbal medicines and a preparation method thereof, wherein the total effective ingredients of the Chinese herbal medicines have no plant residues and contain various effective ingredients in the Chinese herbal medicines, and the problems of poor taste and effective ingredient loss generally existing in the coarse cereal staple food containing Chinese herbal medicines in the prior art are solved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a method for extracting all effective components of Chinese herbal medicines, which comprises the following steps: (1) mixing the Chinese herbal medicines with an organic solvent, and extracting to obtain an organic solvent extracting solution and organic extraction residues;
(2) mixing and extracting the organic extraction residue obtained in the step (1) with water to obtain a water-containing organic solvent extracting solution and water-containing extraction residue;
(3) mixing the water-containing extraction residue obtained in the step (2) with water, then carrying out water extraction, and collecting a water extraction solution;
(4) and (3) recovering the organic solvent in the organic solvent extracting solution in the step (1) and the organic solvent in the aqueous organic solvent extracting solution in the step (2), and combining the residual aqueous solution and the aqueous extracting solution in the step (3), wherein the mixed solution contains all effective components of Chinese herbal medicines.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicines in the step (1) to the organic solvent is 1: (5-30).
Preferably, the organic solvent comprises n-hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol or ethanol.
Preferably, in the step (2) and the step (3), the mass ratio of the residue to the water is 1: (5-30);
the temperature of heating extraction and the water extraction are both 10-100 ℃, and the extraction time is both 0.5-3 h.
Preferably, the Chinese herbal medicines are medicinal and edible Chinese herbal medicines.
The invention also provides the Chinese herbal medicine extract solid prepared by the extraction method, and the Chinese herbal medicine extract solid is obtained after water is evaporated from the mixed solution obtained by the extraction method.
The invention also provides a coarse cereal staple food containing Chinese herbal medicines, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-99.9 parts of compound grains, 0.1-20 parts of the Chinese herbal medicine extract solids, 0-1 part of a nutrition enhancer, 0-5 parts of a flavor enhancer and 0-20 parts of dry fruits.
Preferably, the compound grain is prepared by combining at least three of buckwheat, quinoa, oat, rice, corn, highland barley, millet, sorghum rice, brown rice, small red bean, large yellow rice, black bean and coix seed in any proportion.
Preferably, the nutrition enhancer comprises at least one of L-lysine hydrochloride, VB1, VB2, VB6, VB12, VC, VD3, calcium carbonate, ferrous sulfate and zinc sulfate;
the flavor enhancer comprises a food sweetener and/or an aroma.
Preferably, the Chinese herbal medicine extract solid is extracted from medicinal and edible Chinese herbal medicines.
Preferably, the dried fruit comprises one or more of walnut, almond, pistachio nut, pine nut, sesame, raisin, dried red date, dried blueberry and dried hawthorn.
Has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a method for extracting all effective components of Chinese herbal medicine, which comprises the steps of extracting effective components with low polarity by using an organic solvent, extracting effective components with medium polarity and high polarity by using an organic solvent containing water and water in sequence, recovering the organic solvent, and mixing all extracting solutions into a mixed solution. The mixed solution is evaporated and concentrated into solid and then compounded with the components of compound grains and the like to obtain the coarse cereal staple food containing the full effective components of the Chinese herbal medicines. The extraction method of the invention not only overcomes the defect that the traditional Chinese medicine crushing method contains plant residues to cause poor taste of the coarse cereal staple food, but also solves the problem that the traditional Chinese medicine extraction method can not fully extract the components to cause low effect of the coarse cereal staple food. In the embodiment of the invention, the Chinese medicines such as medlar and the like which are homologous in medicine and food are used for extraction, the Chinese medicine extract has the effects of maintaining beauty and keeping young, clearing liver and improving eyesight, and the coarse cereal staple food containing the Chinese medicine extract is suitable for people who suffer from visual fatigue and facial fatigue caused by long-time use of mobile phones and computers.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a thin layer chromatogram of the extracts of example 1 and comparative example 1, wherein the left side column indicates the extract of comparative example 1 and the right side column indicates the extract of example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for extracting all effective components of Chinese herbal medicines, which comprises the following steps: (1) mixing the Chinese herbal medicines with an organic solvent, and extracting to obtain an organic solvent extracting solution and organic extraction residues;
(2) mixing and extracting the organic extraction residue obtained in the step (1) with water to obtain a water-containing organic solvent extracting solution and water-containing extraction residue;
(3) mixing the water-containing extraction residue obtained in the step (2) with water, then carrying out water extraction, and collecting a water extraction solution;
(4) recovering the organic solvent from the organic solvent extract of step (1) and the aqueous organic solvent extract of step (2), and combining the residual aqueous solution with the aqueous extract of step (3), wherein the mixed solution contains all the effective components of the Chinese herbal medicines.
The Chinese herbal medicine and the organic solvent are mixed and then extracted, and an organic solvent extracting solution and organic solvent residues are collected, wherein the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine to the organic solvent is preferably 1: (5 to 30), more preferably 1: 15. the organic solvent of the present invention preferably includes n-hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol or ethanol, and more preferably ethanol. In the present invention, the extraction is performed after the mixing, and the extraction method preferably includes reflux extraction, and the reflux extraction method is not particularly limited, and may be performed by a conventional method in the art. The time for reflux extraction is preferably 0.5-3 h, and more preferably 2 h. The organic solvent content in the residue is preferably 0.5-2 times of the weight of the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials, and more preferably 1 time. In the invention, the organic solvent can extract effective components with low polarity in the Chinese herbal medicines.
After organic solvent residue is obtained, the invention mixes the residue with water for extraction, and collects aqueous organic solvent extract and aqueous residue. The mass ratio of the residue to water in the present invention is preferably 1: (5-30), more preferably 1: 10. the extraction is preferably carried out on the mixture at the temperature of 10-100 ℃, and more preferably 60 ℃; the extraction time is preferably 0.5-3 h, and more preferably 2 h. After the extraction, the water content of the obtained residue is preferably 0.5-2 times of the weight of the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials, and more preferably 1 time. By utilizing the extraction of the invention, the effective components with medium polarity in the Chinese herbal medicine can be extracted.
After the water-containing residue is obtained, the residue is mixed with water and then is subjected to water extraction, and the water extraction solution is collected. The mass ratio of the residue to water in the present invention is preferably 1: (5-30), more preferably 1: 15. According to the water extraction method, the mixture is preferably heated to 10-100 ℃ and then extracted, and more preferably 60 ℃; the water extraction time is preferably 0.5-3 h, and more preferably 2 h. The water content of the residue obtained after the water extraction is 0.2-1 time of the weight of the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials, and the water content is more preferably 0.5 time. By utilizing the water extraction of the invention, the active ingredients with large polarity of the Chinese herbal medicine can be extracted.
After organic solvent extract, aqueous organic solvent extract and water extract are obtained, the invention recovers the organic solvent in the organic solvent extract and the aqueous organic solvent extract, and combines residual aqueous solution and the water extract, wherein the mixed solution contains all effective components of Chinese herbal medicines.
The recovery according to the present invention preferably comprises atmospheric distillation recovery and vacuum distillation recovery. According to the invention, after the organic solvent is recovered, a residual aqueous solution is obtained, and the residual aqueous solution and the water extracting solution are combined into a mixed solution, wherein the mixed solution contains all effective components of Chinese herbal medicines.
The invention also provides the Chinese herbal medicine extract solid prepared by the extraction method, and the Chinese herbal medicine extract solid is obtained after water is evaporated from the mixed solution obtained by the extraction method.
In the present invention, the water is preferably evaporated by heating, and more preferably by vacuum distillation.
The invention also provides a coarse cereal staple food containing Chinese herbal medicines, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-99.9 parts of composite grains, 0.1-20 parts of the Chinese herbal medicine extract solid, 0-1 part of a nutrition enhancer, 0-5 parts of a flavor enhancer and 0-20 parts of dried fruits. The weight part of the composite grain is preferably 90 parts; the weight part of the Chinese herbal medicine extract solid is preferably 2 parts; the weight part of the nutrition enhancer is preferably 0.2 part; the weight part of the flavor enhancer is preferably 2 parts; the weight portion of the dried fruit is preferably 6.8 portions.
The compound grain is preferably prepared by combining at least three of buckwheat, quinoa, oat, rice, corn, highland barley, millet, sorghum rice, brown rice, small red bean, large yellow rice, black bean and coix seed in any proportion. The nutrition enhancer disclosed by the invention preferably comprises at least one of L-lysine hydrochloride, VB1, VB2, VB6, VB12, VC, VD3, calcium carbonate, ferrous sulfate and zinc sulfate. The flavor enhancer of the present invention preferably comprises a food sweetener and/or an aroma. The sources of the raw materials of the compound grain, the nutrition enhancer and the flavor enhancer are not particularly limited, and conventional commercial products in the field can be utilized.
In the invention, the Chinese herbal medicine extract solid is preferably extracted from medicinal and edible Chinese herbal medicines. The dried fruit of the invention preferably comprises one or more of walnut, almond, pistachio nut, pine nut, sesame, raisin, dried red date, dried blueberry and dried hawthorn.
The preparation method of the coarse cereal staple food is not particularly limited, and the coarse cereal staple food can be prepared by conventional mixing in the field. The type of the coarse cereal staple food is not particularly limited, and the coarse cereal staple food preferably comprises the following components: (1) boiling the coarse cereal staple food in water to cook porridge; (2) preparing grains except rice into artificial rice, mixing the solid Chinese medicinal extract with rice, artificial rice, nutrition enhancer, flavor enhancer and dry fruit, adding water, and boiling to obtain porridge or cooked rice; (3) making grains except rice into artificial rice, mixing and packaging the rice, the artificial rice and dry fruits into a grain bag, mixing the traditional Chinese medicine extract solid, the nutrition enhancer and the flavor enhancer into a seasoning bag, independently packaging the grain bag and the seasoning bag, removing the package and mixing when eating, adding water, boiling and cooking porridge or rice; (4) crushing and curing the coarse cereal staple food, and preparing rice paste by brewing at 50-100 ℃; (5) the coarse cereal staple food is crushed and made into flour, and then the flour is made into wheaten food such as steamed bread, cakes and the like. The method for cooking porridge or rice is not particularly limited, and conventional methods in the field can be used. The method for preparing the cooked and artificial rice is not particularly limited, and the conventional method in the field can be used.
The following will explain the method for extracting the total effective components of the Chinese herbal medicines and the coarse cereal staple food containing the total effective components of the Chinese herbal medicines in detail with reference to the examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Weighing 50 g of chrysanthemum, 25 g of cassia seed, 100 g of aronia melanocarpa and 25 g of rhizoma polygonati, adding 1000 ml of 95% ethanol, heating and refluxing for extraction for 1 hour, filtering and collecting filtrate, and marking as ethanol extract.
600 ml of water is added into the dregs of a decoction, the mixture is refluxed and extracted for 1 hour in water bath at 100 ℃, and the filtrate is collected and is marked as hydrous ethanol extract.
The residue was further added with 600 ml of water, decocted for 1 hour, filtered and the filtrate collected, and labeled as water extract.
Recovering ethanol from the ethanol extract and the aqueous ethanol extract, mixing the residual aqueous solution with the aqueous extract, evaporating and concentrating to solid, and grinding into powder. Weighing to obtain 40 g of extract powder.
Comparative example 1
Weighing 50 g of chrysanthemum, 25 g of cassia seed, 100 g of aronia melanocarpa and 25 g of rhizoma polygonati, adding 1500 ml of water, decocting for 1 hour, filtering and collecting filtrate, wherein the filtrate is marked as filtrate 1.
The residue was further decocted in 1000 ml water for 1 hour, filtered and the filtrate collected and labeled as filtrate 2.
The residue was further decocted in 1000 ml water for 1 hour, filtered and the filtrate collected and labeled as filtrate 3.
The filtrates 1, 2, 3 were combined, concentrated to a solid by evaporation, and ground to a powder. Weighing to obtain 30 g of extract powder.
The extract powder (150 mg) of comparative example 1 and the extract powder (200 mg) of example 1, which are equivalent to 1 g of traditional Chinese medicine, are weighed and dissolved by 15 ml of 70% ethanol respectively to prepare extract solution 1 of comparative example 1 and extract solution of example 1. 5, 10, 20. mu.l of sample solution were spotted on a 10X 15 cm thin layer plate, and the thin layer plate was coated with dichloromethane: developing with methanol (9.5: 0.5) developing agent, and fumigating with iodine vapor to obtain thin layer chromatogram (FIG. 1). And (3) chromatogram map display: the extract of comparative example 1 (conventional extraction method) lost 3 of the iodine-fumigable chromogenic components only than the extract of example 1.
Example 2
Preparing a seasoning packet: each seasoning packet corresponds to one dose of coarse cereal staple food, and the coarse cereal staple food comprises 50 mg of traditional Chinese medicine extract, 100 mg of fig extract (flavor enhancer) and 20 mg of vitamin C (nutrition enhancer), and is mixed to prepare a single dose seasoning packet.
Preparing coarse cereal artificial rice: weighing 5 kg of germinated brown rice and 2 kg of each of buckwheat, quinoa, oat, corn, highland barley, millet, sorghum rice, small red bean, large yellow rice, black bean and coix seed, mixing, crushing into flour, and pressing into the artificial rice by a conventional method.
Packaging raw materials of coarse cereal porridge containing Chinese herbal medicines: each meal package contains 35 g of rice, 15 g of coarse cereal artificial rice, 1 package of seasoning bag, 5 Chinese wolfberry fruits and 1 denucleated Chinese date. When in use, the flavoring is mixed with rice, etc., and water is added to make porridge conventionally.
Example 3
The preparation method of the seasoning packet and the preparation method of the coarse cereal artificial rice are the same as the example 2.
Packaging the raw materials of the coarse cereal rice containing the Chinese herbal medicines: each package contains 120 g of rice, 60 g of coarse cereal artificial rice, 2 bags of seasoning bags, 10 Chinese wolfberry fruits and 2 denucleated Chinese dates. The application method comprises mixing flavoring with rice, adding water, and conventionally steaming rice.
Example 4
The preparation method of the seasoning packet and the preparation method of the coarse cereal artificial rice are the same as the example 2.
Decocting coarse cereal porridge containing Chinese herbal medicines (100 parts by weight): 3500 g of rice, 1500 g of coarse cereal artificial rice, 100 bags of seasoning bags, 500 medlar and 100 denucleated Chinese dates are mixed and added with water to be cooked into porridge conventionally.
Example 5
The preparation method of the seasoning packet is the same as that of example 2.
Raw material packages (100 parts by weight) of coarse cereal rice paste containing Chinese herbal medicines are as follows: weighing 2500 g of rice, 500 g of germinated brown rice, 200 kg of buckwheat, quinoa, oat, corn, highland barley, millet, sorghum rice, small red bean, large yellow rice, black bean and pearl barley respectively, mixing, conventionally heating and pressurizing for puffing, grinding into powder, packaging into 100 parts, putting 1 package of seasoning packet in each part, 5 Chinese wolfberry and 1 denucleated Chinese date.
When in use, the flavoring is mixed with puffed flour, etc., and the mixture is mixed with hot water to obtain rice paste for eating.
Example 6
The preparation method of the seasoning packet is the same as that of example 2.
Packaging raw materials of coarse cereal porridge containing Chinese herbal medicines 2: each package is 2 parts, and comprises 20 g of rice, 5 g of germinated brown rice, 2 g of buckwheat, quinoa, oat, corn, highland barley, millet, sorghum rice, small red bean, large yellow rice, black bean and pearl barley respectively, 1 package of seasoning packet, 5 Chinese wolfberry and 1 denucleated Chinese date. When in use, the flavoring is mixed with rice, etc., and water is added to make porridge conventionally.
Example 7
The preparation method of the seasoning packet is the same as that of example 2.
Packaging the coarse cereal rice raw materials containing the Chinese herbal medicines 2: each package is 2 persons, and comprises 100 g of rice, 25 g of germinated brown rice, 10 g of buckwheat, quinoa, oat, corn, highland barley, millet, sorghum rice, small red bean, large yellow rice, black bean and pearl barley respectively, 1 package of seasoning bag, 5 Chinese wolfberry and 1 denucleated Chinese date. The application method comprises mixing flavoring with rice, adding water, and conventionally steaming rice.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for extracting the full effective components of the Chinese herbal medicines is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing the Chinese herbal medicines with an organic solvent, and extracting to obtain an organic solvent extracting solution and organic extraction residues;
(2) mixing and extracting the organic extraction residue obtained in the step (1) with water to obtain a water-containing organic solvent extracting solution and water-containing extraction residue;
(3) mixing the water-containing extraction residue obtained in the step (2) with water, then carrying out water extraction, and collecting a water extraction solution;
(4) and (3) recovering the organic solvent in the organic solvent extracting solution in the step (1) and the organic solvent in the aqueous organic solvent extracting solution in the step (2), and combining the residual aqueous solution and the aqueous extracting solution in the step (3), wherein the mixed solution contains all effective components of Chinese herbal medicines.
2. The extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the Chinese herbal medicines to the organic solvent in the step (1) is 1: (5-30).
3. The extraction process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the organic solvent comprises n-hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol or ethanol.
4. The extraction method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2) and the step (3), the mass ratio of the residue to the water is 1: (5-30);
the temperature of heating extraction and the water extraction are both 10-100 ℃, and the extraction time is both 0.5-3 h.
5. The extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the Chinese herbal medicines are medicinal and edible Chinese herbal medicines.
6. The solid herbal extract prepared by the extraction method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the solid herbal extract is obtained by removing water from the mixed solution obtained by the extraction method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. A coarse cereal staple food containing Chinese herbal medicine full effective components is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 80-99.9 parts of composite grains, 0.1-20 parts of Chinese herbal medicine extract solids as claimed in claim 6, 0-1 part of nutrition enhancer, 0-5 parts of flavor enhancer and 0-20 parts of dried fruits.
8. The coarse cereal staple food according to claim 7, wherein the compound cereals are composed of at least three of buckwheat, quinoa, oat, rice, corn, highland barley, millet, sorghum rice, brown rice, small red bean, large yellow rice, black bean and coix seed.
9. The coarse cereal staple food according to claim 7, wherein the nutrition enhancer comprises at least one of L-lysine hydrochloride, VB1, VB2, VB6, VB12, VC, VD3, calcium carbonate, ferrous sulfate and zinc sulfate;
the flavor enhancer comprises a food sweetener and/or an aroma.
10. The coarse cereal staple food as claimed in claim 7, wherein the dried fruit comprises one or more of walnut, almond, pistachio nut, pine nut, sesame, raisin, dried red date, dried blueberry and dried hawthorn.
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