CN114766283A - Auricularia polytricha culture medium containing walnut sawdust and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Auricularia polytricha culture medium containing walnut sawdust and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation, and discloses a Auricularia polytricha cultivation medium containing walnut sawdust and a preparation method thereof. The culture medium containing the steeped walnut sawdust for the auricularia polytricha variety prepared by the invention can improve the yield and the biotransformation rate of the auricularia polytricha and improve the contents of polysaccharide, potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, sulfur and zinc in sporocarp. The auricularia polytricha cultivated by the formula has the advantages that the biotransformation rate is 110.60%, the yield is improved by 10.24%, the polysaccharide content in sporocarp is improved by 44.16%, the potassium content is improved by 11.07%, the calcium content is improved by 47.50%, the magnesium content is improved by 35.62%, the boron content is improved by 19.36%, the sulfur content is improved by 3.79%, and the zinc content is improved by 46.02%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation, and particularly relates to a auricularia polytricha cultivation medium containing walnut wood chips and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Auricularia polytricha (academic name: Auricularia polytricha) belongs to a colloidal fungus of Auricularia of Auriculariaceae of Agaricales of Basidiomycota, and is a sixth edible fungus in China, and the essence is named as jellyfish skin on trees. Modern medical research shows that the auricularia polytricha sporocarp contains rich auricularia auricula polysaccharide and has higher anti-tumor activity; has the effects of nourishing yin, strengthening yang, clearing lung-heat, tonifying qi, replenishing blood, promoting blood circulation, stopping bleeding, relieving pain and the like, and is a natural edible (medicinal) bacterium with strong health-care function. With the improvement of living standard and requirements on living quality of people, the consumption of edible fungi is increased year by year, the market is huge, and the development prospect is wide.
The auricularia polytricha is a typical wood-rot type edible fungus, provides an effective way for environment-friendly and ecological sustainable development for resource utilization of agricultural and industrial wastes by virtue of stronger lignocellulose degradation capacity and stress resistance, effectively increases the application added value of the wastes, and promotes the development of circular economy. The traditional auricularia polytricha cultivation raw material mainly comprises miscellaneous sawdust, and the demand of the sawdust is increased along with the expansion of the industrial scale of the edible fungi; on the other hand, along with the gradual enhancement of the national management and control force on forest resources, the wood chip supply chain for producing edible fungi is reduced day by day, the wood chip price is increased continuously, and the contradiction between the industrial development and the 'fungus forest' in resource shortage is highlighted day by day. Therefore, the search for new edible fungus cultivation raw materials is a central focus for promoting the healthy development of the edible fungus industry.
Guizhou serves as a world source distribution center for the pecan germplasm resources, and 300 more than ten thousand mu of the pecan is developed; in recent years, along with the rapid development of the walnut industry in China, the improved variety cultivation system of the walnut industry is continuously improved, a large amount of walnut wood residues are generated by low-yield forest transformation and pruning, and at present, farmers mostly use the soaked walnut wood in a disposable utilization mode such as combustion and the like, so that the problems of great waste of biomass resources, extremely easy environmental pollution and the like are caused. Research shows that the waste branches of the pruned fruit trees contain a large amount of lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and other organic substances, and the edible fungi can reliably produce extracellular enzymes to decompose the hard and complex organic substances into monosaccharides which are easy to absorb and utilize, so that the monosaccharides can be absorbed and utilized by bacterial cells. If the walnut wood chips are used for cultivating auricularia polytricha, the walnut wood chip biomass resources can be fully utilized, and the contradiction of fungus forests can be effectively relieved; however, no report of applying the saw dust of the walnuts as the culture medium of auricularia polytricha exists in the prior art so far.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:
(1) at present, farmers mostly use the walnut wood in a disposable utilization mode such as combustion and the like, so that the problems of great waste of biomass resources, extremely easy environmental pollution and the like are caused.
(2) In the prior art, no report is found for applying the walnut wood chips as the auricularia polytricha culture medium.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an auricularia polytricha culture medium containing walnut sawdust and a preparation method thereof.
The invention is realized in such a way that the auricularia polytricha cultivation medium containing the walnut sawdust comprises, by weight, 1-77 parts of walnut sawdust, 77-1 parts of hardwood sawdust, 20 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of lime and 1 part of gypsum, wherein the sawdust is used as a carbon source, the wheat bran is used as a nitrogen source, and the lime and the gypsum provide mineral nutrition and meet the requirements of the growth and development of the auricularia polytricha.
Further, preferably, the Auricularia polytricha cultivation medium containing walnut sawdust comprises, by weight, 58.5 parts of walnut sawdust, 19.5 parts of miscellaneous sawdust, 20 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of lime and 1 part of gypsum.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the auricularia polytricha culture medium containing the walnut sawdust, which is used for implementing the auricularia polytricha culture medium containing the walnut sawdust, and the preparation method of the auricularia polytricha culture medium containing the walnut sawdust comprises the following steps:
firstly, crushing the saw dust of the juglans sigillata into particles, and naturally airing;
step two, fully and uniformly mixing the material components according to the material proportion, and adding water;
step three, bagging the mixed materials, sterilizing, slightly cooling the sterilized fungus bags, and putting the fungus bags into an aseptic inoculation room to finish the preparation of the auricularia polytricha culture medium;
and step four, after the materials are cooled to room temperature, quickly inoculating liquid strains, and culturing to obtain auricularia polytricha sporocarp.
Furthermore, the particle size of the particles in the step one is 5mm, so that the decomposition and utilization of the auricularia polytricha are facilitated.
Further, the material proportion in the second step comprises the following components in parts by weight: 58.5 of saw dust of walnuts, 19.5 of miscellaneous saw dust, 20 of wheat bran, 1 of lime and 1 of gypsum.
Furthermore, in the second step, water is added until the water content reaches 60%, and the proper water content can promote growth and development.
Further, the sterilization conditions in the third step are as follows: sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 2 hr to prevent contamination of other bacteria and influence growth and fruiting of Auricularia polytricha.
And further, in the fourth step, the fruiting bodies of the auricularia polytricha are obtained after culturing for 63-70 days.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for identifying a walnut sawdust-containing auricularia polytricha culture medium, by which the walnut sawdust-containing auricularia polytricha culture medium is implemented, wherein the method for identifying the walnut sawdust-containing auricularia polytricha culture medium comprises:
the method comprises the steps of selecting 11 wood-rot type edible fungi, comprehensively evaluating the growth adaptability of the 11 edible fungi on the wood chips of the walnuts by analyzing the influence of the wood chips of the walnuts on the growth and the activity of extracellular enzymes of the 11 edible fungi, screening to obtain the auricularia polytricha, wherein the auricularia polytricha can fully utilize the biomass resources of the wood chips of the walnuts, and analyzing the influence of different addition amounts of the wood chips of the walnuts on the yield and the quality of the auricularia polytricha.
Further, the identification method of the auricularia polytricha culture medium containing the walnut sawdust further comprises the following steps:
the average growth rate of hyphae and the activities of extracellular polyphenol oxidase, laccase, cellulase, xylanase and protease of each edible fungus on a culture medium which takes walnut sawdust and miscellaneous sawdust as main materials are measured, the growth adaptability of different edible fungi on the walnut sawdust is comprehensively evaluated based on a membership function method, the screening method of the edible fungus variety capable of decomposing and utilizing the walnut sawdust is determined, and the best edible fungus variety auricularia polytricha is obtained.
In combination with the technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved, please analyze the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions to be protected in the present invention from the following aspects:
first, aiming at the technical problems existing in the prior art and the difficulty in solving the problems, the technical problems to be solved by the technical scheme of the present invention are closely combined with the technical scheme to be protected and the results and data in the research and development process, and some creative technical effects brought after the problems are solved are analyzed in detail and deeply. The specific description is as follows:
the invention provides a culture medium of auricularia polytricha containing pickled walnut sawdust and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the problems of resource utilization of walnut sawdust generated by low-yield forest transformation of pickled walnuts in the southwest mountainous area and resource shortage and price rise of miscellaneous sawdust. The method can solve the problem that the cultivation cost of the auricularia polytricha is continuously increased due to high price of broad-leaf sawdust, and simultaneously promotes the resource utilization of the walnut sawdust; the addition of the wood chips of the walnuts can promote the increase of the yield of the auricularia polytricha and the improvement of the biotransformation rate, improve the nutrient components of polysaccharide, mineral elements and the like in the fruiting body, ensure that the nutrition functionality of the fruiting body of the auricularia polytricha is larger, and provide a powerful basis for the further research and development of the functional culture medium.
The culture medium of the auricularia polytricha variety containing the walnut sawdust prepared by the invention can improve the yield and the biotransformation rate of the auricularia polytricha and improve the contents of polysaccharide, potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, sulfur and zinc in sporocarp. The auricularia polytricha cultivated by the formula has the advantages that the biotransformation rate is 110.60%, the yield is improved by 10.24%, the polysaccharide content in sporocarp is improved by 44.16%, the potassium content is improved by 11.07%, the calcium content is improved by 47.50%, the magnesium content is improved by 35.62%, the boron content is improved by 19.36%, the sulfur content is improved by 3.79%, and the zinc content is improved by 46.02%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the prominent essential characteristics and effects that:
1. the method comprises the steps of selecting 11 wood-rot type edible fungi, measuring the average growth rate of hyphae and the activities of extracellular polyphenol oxidase, laccase, cellulase, xylanase and protease on a culture medium which takes walnut sawdust and miscellaneous sawdust as main materials of each edible fungus, comprehensively evaluating the growth adaptability of different edible fungi on the walnut sawdust based on a membership function method, determining a screening method for the types of the edible fungi capable of decomposing and utilizing the soaked walnut sawdust, and obtaining an optimal edible fungi type auricularia polytricha;
2. according to the method, the Auricularia polytricha is cultivated by using the steeped walnut sawdust as the substrate, so that the problem that the cultivation cost of the Auricularia polytricha is continuously increased due to high price of broad leaf sawdust can be effectively solved, and the resource utilization of the steeped walnut sawdust is promoted;
3. the cultivation substrate containing the walnut sawdust can increase the biotransformation rate of the auricularia polytricha, improve the yield of the auricularia polytricha, increase the income of mushroom farmers and increase the contents of polysaccharide and mineral elements in fruiting bodies of the auricularia polytricha; the improvement of polysaccharide content is beneficial to enhancing human immunity, and the improvement of mineral elements such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc and the like is beneficial to meeting the requirement of human body on trace elements.
4. The culture medium for auricularia polytricha containing the walnut sawdust provided by the invention is simple in formula, easily available in raw materials, low in production cost and wide in market prospect, and can effectively promote the development of walnut industry and edible fungus industry.
Secondly, considering the technical scheme as a whole or from the perspective of products, the technical effect and advantages of the technical scheme to be protected by the invention are specifically described as follows:
the popularization and application of the culture medium can solve the problem of resource utilization of the walnut wood chip residues generated by low-yield forest transformation of the walnuts in the mountainous area in the southwest, effectively relieve the contradiction of fungus forest development, obtain the functional auricularia polytricha required by the market, and have huge economic benefit and wide application prospect.
The auricularia polytricha with stronger growth adaptability on the walnut steeping sawdust culture medium can better decompose and utilize lignocellulose in the walnut steeping sawdust; the auricularia polytricha cultivated according to the formula in the embodiment 4 has the highest biotransformation rate and yield, and the contents of crude protein, polysaccharide, potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, sulfur and zinc in fruiting bodies are effectively improved, so that the high-yield requirement of mushroom farmers is met, and the auricularia polytricha with high nutritional value is produced.
Third, as an inventive supplementary proof of the claims of the present invention, there are also presented several important aspects:
(1) the expected income and commercial value after the technical scheme of the invention is converted are as follows:
2020 plus 2021 year Guizhou province fresh auricularia polytricha product price is average 2 yuan/jin, the invention enables the yield per bag of auricularia polytricha to be increased by 41.1g, namely the income per bag is increased by 0.1644 yuan, the income per ten thousand bags is increased by 1644 yuan, 2 ten thousand sticks per mu can be increased by 3288 yuan per mu, the economic benefit is considerable, and the effect of increasing income and enriching for mushroom farmers in Guizhou mountain areas is obvious. The invention can obviously improve crude protein, polysaccharide, potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, sulfur and zinc in the auricularia polytricha fruiting body, can produce functional auricularia polytricha products required by people, and has wider commercial prospect.
(2) The technical scheme of the invention fills the technical blank in the industry at home and abroad:
the method introduces a membership function method to comprehensively evaluate the hypha growth rate and the extracellular enzyme activity of various edible fungi in a walnut wood chip substrate, and scientifically and objectively screens edible fungi, such as auricularia polytricha, which can effectively decompose and utilize walnut wood chips; meanwhile, the optimal addition amount of the steeped walnut sawdust for improving the yield and the quality of the auricularia polytricha is screened, and great help is provided for resource utilization of the steeped walnut sawdust and relieving the contradiction of fungi and forests.
(3) The technical scheme of the invention solves the technical problem that people are eager to solve but can not succeed all the time:
(4) the technical scheme of the invention overcomes the technical prejudice whether:
drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of an auricularia polytricha culture medium containing walnut wood chips, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a cultivation medium for auricularia polytricha containing walnut sawdust and a preparation method thereof, and the invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
First, an embodiment is explained. This section is an explanatory embodiment expanding on the claims so as to fully understand how the present invention is embodied by those skilled in the art.
The auricularia polytricha cultivation medium containing the walnut chips provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises, by weight, 1-77 parts of walnut chips, 77-1 parts of hardwood chips, 20 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of lime and 1 part of gypsum.
Preferably, the auricularia polytricha culture medium containing the walnut chips provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises 58.5 parts of the walnut chips, 19.5 parts of the miscellaneous wood chips, 20 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of lime and 1 part of gypsum according to parts by weight.
According to the auricularia polytricha culture medium containing the walnut chips, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the biotransformation rate of the auricularia polytricha cultured by the formula reaches 110.60%, the yield is improved by 10.24%, the polysaccharide content in the sporocarp is improved by 44.16%, the potassium content is improved by 11.07%, the calcium content is improved by 47.50%, the magnesium content is improved by 35.62%, the boron content is improved by 19.36%, the sulfur content is improved by 3.79%, and the zinc content is improved by 46.02%.
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the auricularia polytricha culture medium containing walnut chips provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, crushing the saw dust of the juglans sigillata into particles with the particle size of 5mm, and naturally airing the particles to avoid dampness and mildew;
s102, fully and uniformly mixing the material components according to the material proportion, and adding water until the water content reaches 60%;
s103, bagging the mixed material, sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 2 hours, slightly cooling the sterilized fungus bags, and putting the fungus bags into an aseptic inoculation chamber to complete preparation of the auricularia polytricha culture medium;
and S104, after the materials are cooled to room temperature, quickly inoculating liquid strains, and obtaining the auricularia polytricha sporocarp after 63-70 days.
The material proportion provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 58.5 of saw dust of walnuts, 19.5 of miscellaneous saw dust, 20 of wheat bran, 1 of lime and 1 of gypsum.
And II, application embodiment. In order to prove the creativity and the technical value of the technical scheme of the invention, the part is the application example of the technical scheme of the claims on specific products or related technologies.
The method comprehensively evaluates the growth adaptability of the edible fungi on the wood chips of the pickled walnuts by using a membership function method, screens out edible fungi such as auricularia polytricha and black fungus which can effectively utilize the lignocellulose of the pickled walnuts, and provides a reference basis for the 'fungitization' research of the wood chip residues of other forests.
In the application example 4 of the invention, the yield of the auricularia polytricha is improved by 10.24%, the biological efficiency reaches 110.60%, the single-bag yield of the auricularia polytricha is effectively increased, and the economic income of mushroom farmers is practically improved. Meanwhile, in the embodiment 4, the polysaccharide content in the fruit bodies of the auricularia polytricha is improved by 44.16%, the potassium content is improved by 11.07%, the calcium content is improved by 47.50%, the magnesium content is improved by 35.62%, the boron content is improved by 19.36%, the sulfur content is improved by 3.79%, the zinc content is improved by 46.02%, the content of functional components of the auricularia polytricha is effectively improved, the development of functional auricularia polytricha products is facilitated, the commercial value is improved, and the demand of people on functional auricularia polytricha foods is met.
And thirdly, evidence of relevant effects of the embodiment. The embodiment of the invention has some positive effects in the process of research and development or use, and indeed has great advantages compared with the prior art, and the following contents are described by combining data, charts and the like in the test process.
The first test: and comprehensively evaluating the growth adaptability of 11 kinds of edible fungi including auricularia polytricha, Auricularia fuscosuccinea, Auricularia auricula, wrinkled Auricularia, black-skin collybia albuminosa, white beech mushroom, Hypsizygus marmoreus, Pholiota nameko, Hericium erinaceus, Lentinus edodes and Phellinus linteus on a walnut wood chip soaking culture medium based on a membership function method, and screening out the kinds of the edible fungi with stronger growth adaptability on the walnut wood chip soaking culture medium.
A1. Selecting 11 wood-rot type edible fungi, measuring the average growth rate of hyphae and the activities of extracellular polyphenol oxidase, laccase, cellulase, xylanase and protease on a culture medium which takes walnut sawdust and miscellaneous sawdust as main materials respectively for each edible fungus, comprehensively evaluating the growth adaptability of different edible fungi on the walnut sawdust based on a membership function method, and determining the type of the edible fungi capable of decomposing and utilizing the walnut sawdust.
The experiment is designed to carry out 2 treatments on a hard miscellaneous sawdust formula (CK) and a walnut shell sawdust formula, walnut sawdust is used for replacing hard miscellaneous sawdust in a basic formula (78% of hard miscellaneous sawdust, 20% of wheat bran, 1% of lime and 1% of gypsum), other auxiliary materials are unchanged in proportion, a main material and the auxiliary materials are fully and uniformly mixed, the water content is 60%, the main material and the auxiliary materials are uniformly paved into a glass culture dish with the diameter of 9cm, the glass culture dish is sterilized at the high pressure of 121 ℃ for 1h and cooled to the room temperature, a puncher with the thickness of 5mm is used under the aseptic condition, holes are uniformly punched along the edge of a PDA (personal digital assistant) plate full of hyphae, a fungus block is inoculated to the center of a culture medium, dark culture is carried out at the temperature of 24 ℃, and the hyphae growth rate and the extracellular enzyme activity of 11 kinds of edible fungi are measured when the culture is carried out for the 10 th day.
The average growth rate of hyphae is the radius of colony (mm)/culture day (d). The method for extracting and measuring the crude enzyme solution comprises the following steps: accurately weighing 2g of mycoplasm, properly grinding, transferring into a test tube, adding 20ml of deionized water, leaching in water bath at 37 ℃ for 2h, filtering with 4 layers of gauze, fixing the volume of the filtrate to 25ml, centrifuging at 4 ℃ and 8000r/min for 10min, and subpackaging the supernatant fluid which is crude enzyme solution in a 5ml centrifuge tube for later use at-80 ℃. The determination of the enzymatic activities of polyphenol oxidase, protease and laccase is performed by the method of Hanzenghua et al, the determination of the enzymatic activity of cellulase is performed by the method of Angel et al, and the determination of the enzymatic activity of xylanase is performed by the method of Caoan Yong et al.
A2. The invention utilizes a principal component analysis method to convert the adaptability coefficients of 6 indexes of 11 edible fungi into 3 independent comprehensive indexes, and weights the comprehensive index values and corresponding membership function values to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value (D) of the growth adaptability of the edible fungi, which is shown in Table 1. According to the comprehensive evaluation value, 11 kinds of edible fungi are classified into 4 types at the distance of 0.33 through clustering analysis, wherein black fungus and auricularia polytricha are clustered into one type, and the culture medium shows strong growth adaptability on walnut sawdust culture medium.
TABLE 1 comprehensive index, membership function and D value of various edible fungi
A3. The comprehensive analysis result shows that the auricularia polytricha has good effect of utilizing the walnut wood chips and has application potential.
And (2) testing II: screening formula and quality analysis of auricularia polytricha cultivated by using walnut sawdust.
B1. Preparing natural and air-dried mildew-free miscellaneous wood chips, walnut wood chips and other auxiliary materials, fully and uniformly mixing the material components according to the material proportion, and adding water until the water content of the mixed material reaches 60%; bagging the mixed materials, sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 2 hours, slightly cooling the sterilized fungus bags, and putting the fungus bags into an aseptic inoculation chamber to complete the preparation of the auricularia polytricha culture medium; after the materials are cooled to room temperature, liquid strains are quickly inoculated, and then the materials are scientifically managed and eared.
B2. Comparative example A: 78% wood flour, 20% wheat bran, 1% lime, 1% gypsum, example 1: 78% of walnut shell wood chips, 20% of wheat bran, 1% of lime and 1% of gypsum, example 2: 39% of miscellaneous wood chips, 39% of walnut wood chips, 20% of wheat bran, 1% of lime and 1% of gypsum, example 3: 58.5% miscellaneous wood chips, 19.5% walnut wood chips, 20% wheat bran, 1% lime, 1% gypsum, example 4: 19.5% of miscellaneous wood chips, 58.5% of walnut wood chips, 20% of wheat bran, 1% of lime and 1% of gypsum.
B3. The results of different bag material formula tests of soaked walnut wood chips on the auricularia polytricha are shown in table 2, the biotransformation rate of the auricularia polytricha in example 4 reaches 110.60%, the yield is improved by 10.24%, and the bag filling time is 4 days later than that in the comparative example. Except for example 1, the yield per bag and the biotransformation efficiency of the three treatments of example 2, example 3 and example 4 are all higher than those of the control example, and the hypha full bag time of example 3 is lower than that of the control example. As shown in Table 3, the addition of the walnut sawdust can increase the content of 7 mineral elements, namely potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, sulfur, copper and zinc, in the Auricularia polytricha fruiting body and reduce the content of 3 mineral elements, namely phosphorus, iron and manganese. Example 4 the potassium content of the fruit body of auricularia polytricha is increased by 11.07%, the calcium content is increased by 47.50%, the magnesium content is increased by 35.62%, the boron content is increased by 19.36%, the sulfur content is increased by 3.79% and the zinc content is increased by 46.02%. As is clear from Table 4, except for example 1, the polysaccharides in the fruiting bodies of three processed Auricularia polytricha of examples 2, 3 and 4 were higher than those in the comparative example, and the polysaccharide content in the fruiting bodies of three processed Auricularia polytricha of example 4 was increased by 44.16%. The contents of polyphenol and flavonoid in the fruiting body treated by the comparative example are higher than those in the example; the fruit bodies treated in the comparative examples had lower crude protein contents than those of the examples.
TABLE 2 Single-bag yield, bioconversion rate and bag-filling time of Auricularia polytricha treated with different bag materials
TABLE 3 mineral content of Auricularia polytricha processed with different bags
TABLE 4 nutrient contents of Auricularia polytricha processed with different bags
In conclusion, the auricularia polytricha growing on the walnut-steeping sawdust culture medium has strong adaptability, and can better decompose and utilize lignocellulose in the walnut-steeping sawdust. The auricularia polytricha cultivated according to the formula in the embodiment 4 has the highest biotransformation rate and yield, and the contents of crude protein, polysaccharide, potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, sulfur and zinc in fruiting bodies are effectively improved, so that the high-yield requirement of mushroom farmers is met, and the auricularia polytricha with high nutritional value is produced.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereto, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention as disclosed in the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The auricularia polytricha cultivation medium containing walnut sawdust is characterized by comprising, by weight, 1-77 parts of walnut sawdust, 77-1 parts of hardwood sawdust, 20 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of lime and 1 part of gypsum.
2. The culture medium for auricularia polytricha containing walnut sawdust according to claim 1, wherein the culture medium for auricularia polytricha containing walnut sawdust preferably comprises 58.5 parts by weight of walnut sawdust, 19.5 parts by weight of miscellaneous wood chips, 20 parts by weight of wheat bran, 1 part by weight of lime and 1 part by weight of gypsum.
3. The preparation method of the auricularia polytricha cultivation medium containing the walnut sawdust is implemented by the auricularia polytricha cultivation medium containing the walnut sawdust as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, crushing the saw dust of the juglans sigillata into particles, and naturally airing;
step two, fully and uniformly mixing the material components according to the material proportion, and adding water;
step three, bagging the mixed material, sterilizing, slightly cooling the sterilized fungus bags, and putting the fungus bags into an aseptic inoculation chamber to finish the preparation of the culture medium of the auricularia polytricha variety;
and step four, after the materials are cooled to room temperature, quickly inoculating liquid strains, and culturing to obtain the auricularia polytricha sporocarp.
4. The method for preparing auricularia polytricha culture medium containing paunch walnut chips as claimed in claim 3, wherein the grain size in the first step is 5 mm.
5. The preparation method of the Auricularia polytricha culture medium containing walnut sawdust as claimed in claim 3, wherein the material proportion in the second step comprises the following components in parts by weight: 58.5 of saw dust of walnuts, 19.5 of miscellaneous saw dust, 20 of wheat bran, 1 of lime and 1 of gypsum.
6. The method for preparing Auricularia polytricha culture medium containing Juglans regia sawdust as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step two, water is added until the water content reaches 60%.
7. The method for preparing the auricularia polytricha culture medium containing the chips of the walnuts dipped in the water as claimed in claim 3, wherein the sterilization conditions in the third step are as follows: sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 2 h.
8. The method for preparing auricularia polytricha culture medium containing paunch walnut sawdust according to claim 3, wherein in the fourth step, fruiting bodies of auricularia polytricha are obtained after 63-70 days of culture.
9. The method for identifying the auricularia polytricha cultivation medium containing the walnut sawdust as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the method for identifying the auricularia polytricha cultivation medium containing the walnut sawdust comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of selecting 11 wood-rot type edible fungi, comprehensively evaluating growth adaptability of the 11 edible fungi on the wood chips of the walnuts by analyzing the influence of the wood chips of the walnuts on growth and extracellular enzyme activity of the 11 edible fungi, screening to obtain the auricularia polytricha, which can fully utilize the biomass resources of the wood chips of the walnuts, and analyzing the influence of different additive amounts of the wood chips of the walnuts on yield and quality of the auricularia polytricha.
10. The method for identifying the auricularia polytricha culture medium containing walnut sawdust as claimed in claim 9, wherein the method for identifying the auricularia polytricha culture medium containing walnut sawdust further comprises:
the average growth rate of hyphae and the activities of extracellular polyphenol oxidase, laccase, cellulase, xylanase and protease of each edible fungus on a culture medium which respectively takes walnut sawdust and miscellaneous sawdust as main materials are measured, the growth adaptability of different edible fungi on the walnut sawdust is comprehensively evaluated based on a membership function method, the screening method of the edible fungus types capable of decomposing and utilizing the soaked walnut sawdust is determined, and the best edible fungus type auricularia polytricha is obtained.
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