CN114766228A

CN114766228A - Automatic flexible fruit tree root system trimming means

Info

Publication number: CN114766228A
Application number: CN202210576969.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵德英; 闫帅; 张彦昌; 周江涛; 程存刚; 赵亮亮; 王钰菲; 袁继存; 徐锴
Original assignee: Fruit Tree Institute of CAAS
Current assignee: Fruit Tree Institute of CAAS
Priority date: 2022-05-25
Filing date: 2022-05-25
Publication date: 2022-07-22

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic telescopic fruit tree root system pruning device which comprises a rear frame body connected to the rear part of a power machine, wherein the rear side of the rear frame body is hinged with a mounting frame, extension arms capable of transversely extending and adjusting are arranged on two sides of the mounting frame, and cutter discs used for cutting fruit tree root systems are arranged at the extending ends of the extension arms. Has the advantages that: the automatic telescopic fruit tree root system pruning device is provided with the extending arm which can transversely extend and adjust, so that the distance between the cutter disc and the trunk of the fruit tree can be conveniently adjusted when the automatic telescopic fruit tree root system pruning device is used, the position of a cutting root system can be conveniently adjusted, and the angle of the mounting frame can be adjusted, so that the cutter disc can be conveniently driven to fall down through the angle adjusting oil cylinder when the automatic telescopic fruit tree root system pruning device is used, and the change of the depth of the cutting root system of the cutter disc is facilitated.

Description

Automatic flexible fruit tree root system trimming means

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of fruit tree pruning devices, in particular to an automatic telescopic fruit tree root system pruning device.

Background

In the management of short-stock close planting orchards, how to effectively control the size of a tree body is an important target for obtaining the best yield and high-quality fruits, and the vigorous vegetative growth is the most common problem of the close planting orchards. At present, the size and the growth vigor of a tree body are mainly regulated and controlled by the pruning of the overground part, the pruning of the tree body is a complex technology, the up-down balance, the left-right balance and the balance of the same layer are realized in the pruning process, the master-slave relation is also required, the angle, the branch quantity and the fruit quantity are used for regulating, and if the technology is not mastered in place, the tree vigor returns to the prosperity, the flower formation is difficult, the number of branches is large, the illumination is poor, the fruit is small, the color difference is obvious, the bitter pox is serious, and the production benefit is low. With the acceleration of urbanization speed in China, young and strong labor in rural areas mostly enter cities for hiring, labor is difficult to demand, some orchards need to be picked and sent from a plurality of dozens of kilometers of external vehicles, and the hired, and raised with the level and the level of hired hir. Root pruning is an efficient and economic method for controlling the growth vigor of the tree body. At present, foreign root system pruning is completed by pulling offset type deep scarification blades or large disc type coulters along two sides of a tree body between rows, but root system pruning machinery is expensive and cannot be born by general fruit growers. Because of the lack of a special root system pruning device, the root system of the fruit tree is generally hoed and broken by a rotary tillage device or a manual pick, a spade and a hoe during the fertilization in autumn, thereby realizing the aim of pruning the root system of the fruit tree, and the labor intensity is very high and the working efficiency is low; secondly, the existing root system trimming device is inconvenient for adjusting the distance between the cutter and the fruit tree and adjusting the cutting depth according to the age of the fruit tree, and is difficult to be applied to the conditions that the conditions of the orchard in China are complicated and various in vertical conditions and the planting density of the fruit tree is different. In view of the above, we propose an automatic telescopic fruit tree root pruning device to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the technical defects and provides the automatic telescopic fruit tree root system pruning device which is reasonable in structure, strong in practicability and good in using effect.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an automatic flexible fruit tree root system trimming means, is including connecting the back support body at power machine rear portion, and back support body rear side is articulated to be equipped with the mounting bracket, and the mounting bracket both sides are equipped with the extending arm that can transversely stretch out the regulation, and the tip that the extending arm stretches out is equipped with the blade disc that is used for cutting the fruit tree root system.

Furthermore, the end part of the extension arm is provided with a driving mechanism, the cutter head is disc-shaped, the edge of the cutter head is a circular ring-shaped blade, and the circle center of the cutter head is provided with a rotating shaft which is rotatably connected with the driving mechanism.

Furthermore, the driving mechanism comprises an installation box body, a speed reducing motor, a worm and a worm gear, the installation box body is fixedly installed at the end part of the extension arm, the speed reducing motor is arranged in the installation box body, the output end of the speed reducing motor is connected with the worm, the worm gear is fixedly arranged on a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the installation box body, the rotating shaft direction is perpendicular to the worm, and the worm is meshed with the worm gear.

Furthermore, a hydraulic oil cylinder for driving the stretching arm to transversely extend is further arranged on the upper side of the mounting frame, one end of the hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with the mounting frame, and the other end of the hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with the mounting box body.

Furthermore, the cross section of the extending arm is rectangular, and a guide track matched with the extending arm is arranged in the mounting frame.

Further, the mounting bracket is L-shaped and hinged with the rear bracket body, an angle adjusting oil cylinder is further arranged between the mounting bracket and the rear bracket body, one end of the angle adjusting oil cylinder is hinged with the rear bracket body, and the other end of the angle adjusting oil cylinder is hinged with the mounting bracket.

Furthermore, one side of the rear frame body, which is far away from the mounting frame, is provided with a plurality of connecting lug parts, and the connecting lug parts are used for being connected with power machinery.

The use method of the device comprises the following steps: the root system pruning is carried out from the beginning of apple blossom to two weeks after full bloom, the pruning is generally carried out for 1 time per year, the pruning can be carried out for 2 times per 1 year for trees with strong growth vigor and vigorous fruiting quantity, the interval between the two times is 30 days, the pruning position is 20-30 centimeters away from the trunk, and the cutting depth is 30-50 centimeters. Typically, about 60% of the total tree volume is trimmed to have a significant effect on the tree, with closer to the tree, more severe response after root trimming. After the root system is pruned, the average growth length of the young shoots can be effectively reduced, the vegetative growth is weakened, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of plants is improved and increased, flower bud differentiation is more easily induced, the fruit drop before picking can be effectively reduced, and the fruit coloring is increased.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the automatic telescopic fruit tree root system pruning device is provided with the extending arm which can transversely extend and adjust, so that the distance between the cutter disc and the trunk of the fruit tree can be conveniently adjusted when the automatic telescopic fruit tree root system pruning device is used, the position of a cutting root system can be conveniently adjusted, and the angle of the mounting frame can be adjusted, so that the cutter disc can be conveniently driven to fall down through the angle adjusting oil cylinder when the automatic telescopic fruit tree root system pruning device is used, and the change of the depth of the cutting root system of the cutter disc is facilitated. Through the management and control of this device to the fruit tree root system, realize with root accuse crown, reduce the intensity of labour that the fruit tree plastic was pruned, save a large amount of labours input that the branch tip was pruned and is used.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of the automatic telescopic fruit tree root pruning device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the section A-A in FIG. 1 according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the extending arm and the driving mechanism of the present invention.

As shown in the figure: 1. a rear frame body; 2. a mounting frame; 3. an extending arm; 4. a cutter head; 5. a blade; 6. a rotating shaft; 7. installing a box body; 8. a reduction motor; 9. a worm; 10. a worm gear; 11. a hydraulic cylinder; 12. a guide rail; 13. an angle adjusting oil cylinder; 14. and connecting the ear parts.

Detailed Description

The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. In which like parts are designated by like reference numerals.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, but are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner and therefore are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, the term "comprises" and any variations thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

An automatic telescopic fruit tree root system trimming device comprises a rear frame body 1 connected to the rear part of a power machine, wherein the rear side of the rear frame body 1 is hinged with a mounting frame 2, two sides of the mounting frame 2 are provided with extending arms 3 capable of transversely extending and adjusting, and the extending end parts of the extending arms 3 are provided with cutter discs 4 for cutting fruit tree root systems; during the in-service use, connect this device at power machine such as tractor rear portion to pulling blade disc 4 removes, blade disc 4 has mounting bracket 2 fixed, and it has the drive of extension arm 3 can transversely stretch out, thereby adjusts the distance of blade disc 4 apart from the trunk, changes root system cutting position, and is equipped with the extension arm 3 that both sides stretch out, can conveniently in the operation of fruit tree plantation interline, and work efficiency is high.

Furthermore, a driving mechanism is arranged at the end part of the extension arm 3, the cutter disc 4 is disc-shaped and is provided with a circular blade 5 at the edge, and a rotating shaft 6 is arranged at the circle center of the cutter disc 4 and is rotationally connected with the driving mechanism; when the fruit tree planting device is used, the extension arm 3 extends out to extend the cutter head 4 to a preset position, then the mounting frame 2 falls down, the cutter head 4 is inserted into soil, the driving mechanism can enable the cutter head 4 to rotate, and the power mechanism pulls the cutter head 4 to move forwards, so that rows of fruit tree roots are sequentially cut among rows of a plantation; in actual use, the fixed cutter head 4 can be used without a driving mechanism, but the cutting effect is poor.

Further, the driving mechanism comprises a mounting box body 7, a speed reducing motor 8, a worm 9 and a worm gear 10, the mounting box body 7 is fixedly mounted at the end part of the extension arm 3, the speed reducing motor 8 is arranged in the mounting box body 7, the output end of the speed reducing motor 8 is connected with the worm 9, the worm gear 10 is fixedly arranged on a rotating shaft 6, the rotating shaft 6 is rotatably connected with the mounting box body 7, the direction of the rotating shaft 6 is perpendicular to the worm 9, and the worm 9 is meshed with the worm gear 10; the cutter head 4 can be driven to rotate and cut through the speed reducing motor 8, the worm 9 and the worm gear 10.

Furthermore, a hydraulic oil cylinder 11 for driving the extension arm 3 to transversely extend is arranged on the upper side of the mounting frame 2, one end of the hydraulic oil cylinder 11 is connected with the mounting frame 2, and the other end of the hydraulic oil cylinder 11 is connected with the mounting box body 7; the hydraulic oil cylinder 11 drives the extending arm 3 to transversely extend for a certain distance. The section of the extending arm 3 is rectangular, and a guide rail 12 matched with the extending arm 3 is arranged in the mounting rack 2; the guide rail 12 allows the extension arm 3 to move smoothly within the mounting frame 2 and to be stable.

Further, the mounting frame 2 and the rear frame body 1 are hinged in an L shape, an angle adjusting oil cylinder 13 is further arranged between the mounting frame 2 and the rear frame body 1, one end of the angle adjusting oil cylinder 13 is hinged to the rear frame body 1, and the other end of the angle adjusting oil cylinder is hinged to the mounting frame 2; the mounting frame 2 can fall down through the extension of the angle adjusting oil cylinder 13, so that the depth of the cutter head 4 inserted into soil is controlled, the cutting depth of a root system is changed, and the cutting depth can be adjusted according to the age of a tree.

Rear frame body 1 is kept away from mounting bracket 2 one side and is equipped with a plurality of connection ears 14, connects ear 14 to be used for being connected with power machinery.

The present invention and the embodiments thereof have been described above, and the description is not restrictive, and the embodiments shown in the detailed description are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and the actual configuration is not limited thereto. In summary, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an automatic flexible fruit tree root system trimming means, is including connecting back support body (1) at power machine rear portion, its characterized in that, and back support body (1) rear side is articulated to be equipped with mounting bracket (2), and mounting bracket (2) both sides are equipped with extending arm (3) that can transversely stretch out the regulation, and the tip that extending arm (3) stretch out is equipped with blade disc (4) that are used for cutting the fruit tree root system.

2. The automatic telescopic fruit tree root system pruning device according to claim 1, wherein the end of the extension arm (3) is provided with a driving mechanism, the cutter (4) is disc-shaped and has an edge with a circular ring-shaped blade (5), and the center of the cutter (4) is provided with a rotating shaft (6) rotatably connected with the driving mechanism.

3. The automatic telescopic fruit tree root system pruning device according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a mounting box body (7), a speed reduction motor (8), a worm (9) and a worm gear (10), the mounting box body (7) is fixedly mounted at the end of the extending arm (3), the speed reduction motor (8) is arranged in the mounting box body (7), the worm (9) is connected to the output end of the speed reduction motor (8), the worm gear (10) is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (6), the rotating shaft (6) is rotatably connected with the mounting box body (7), the rotating shaft (6) is perpendicular to the worm (9), and the worm (9) is meshed with the worm gear (10).

4. The automatic telescopic fruit tree root system pruning device according to any one of claim 3, wherein the upper side of the mounting frame (2) is further provided with a hydraulic oil cylinder (11) for driving the extension arm (3) to transversely extend, one end of the hydraulic oil cylinder (11) is connected with the mounting frame (2), and the other end of the hydraulic oil cylinder (11) is connected with the mounting box body (7).

5. The automatic telescopic fruit tree root system pruning device according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the extending arm (3) is rectangular, and a guide rail (12) matched with the extending arm (3) is arranged in the mounting frame (2).

6. The automatic flexible fruit tree root system pruning device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the mounting bracket (2) and the rear bracket body (1) are arranged in an L-shaped hinged manner, an angle adjusting cylinder (13) is further arranged between the mounting bracket (2) and the rear bracket body (1), one end of the angle adjusting cylinder (13) is connected with the rear bracket body (1) in a hinged manner, and the other end of the angle adjusting cylinder is connected with the mounting bracket (2) in a hinged manner.

7. The automatic telescopic fruit tree root system pruning device according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of connecting ear parts (14) are arranged on one side of the rear frame body (1) far away from the mounting frame (2), and the connecting ear parts (14) are used for being connected with a power machine.