CN114753829A - Novel method for calculating water holdup of horizontal well based on array holdup instrument - Google Patents
Novel method for calculating water holdup of horizontal well based on array holdup instrument Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 claims 2
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- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel method for calculating the water holding rate of a horizontal well based on an array water holding rate instrument, which is an accurate and effective means for evaluating the water holding rate of a horizontal well shaft in unconventional oil and gas reservoir development. The water retention rate value of each array probe position is calculated by a calibration method by acquiring the response values of the array probes in the full-oil, full-water and full-gas environments and combining with actual array water retention logging information, and then the water retention rate of the horizontal shaft is calculated by combining with the method provided by the invention. The invention considers the instrument structure, the instrument rotation in the logging process, the contribution difference of different probes and the influence of fluid properties, can conveniently, quickly and accurately calculate the water holdup of the horizontal shaft, and lays a foundation for mastering the production dynamics of each production zone of an unconventional oil and gas reservoir and the optimization and adjustment of a next-stage development scheme.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a calculation method of horizontal well water holdup, in particular to a method for quantitatively calculating the water holdup in the process of oil, gas and water multiphase flow in a shaft during development of an unconventional oil-gas reservoir horizontal well aiming at monitoring data of a horizontal well array water holdup logging instrument, and the method is an accurate and feasible horizontal well water holdup evaluation method.
Background
With the increasing demand of global oil and gas resources and the depletion of conventional oil and gas reservoirs, unconventional oil and gas resources represented by dense oil and gas, shale oil and gas and the like gradually become hot spots of exploration and development. Different from conventional oil and gas reservoirs, the permeability of the overburden pressure matrix of reservoir layers such as compact oil and gas reservoirs and shale oil and gas reservoirs is generally less than or equal to 0.1mD, the physical properties of the reservoir layers are extremely poor, and the horizontal well technology is the most preferable method for exploiting the oil and gas reservoirs at present. In the development process of the horizontal well, accurately acquiring the oil, gas and water yield of each production zone is a key basis for knowing the production dynamics of an oil-gas reservoir and guiding the optimization and adjustment of a development scheme at the next stage, and the water holding rate is an important parameter for evaluating the fluid production dynamics of each phase of the production zone of the horizontal well.
Due to the special well body structure of the horizontal well, the self-property difference and the gravity differentiation effect of oil, gas and water multi-phase fluid in the well bore, the medium distribution of the multi-phase fluid in the horizontal well bore has the layering phenomenon, and a single-probe central water-holding rate instrument adopted in the conventional vertical well cannot be used for monitoring the medium distribution information of the multi-phase fluid in the horizontal well. At present, the array capacitance water-holding rate instrument CAT, the array resistance water-holding rate instrument RAT and the array resistance water-holding rate meter AFR of Sonex corporation are most representative for the horizontal well water-holding rate monitoring, the corresponding water-holding rate instrument is 12 array distribution probes which are opened underground to form an umbrella shape, the probes encircle a circle of tangent grams along the cross section of a well and adjust the opening radius according to the expansion and contraction of a spring arm, the instrument structure can accurately monitor and obtain the fluid distribution information in a horizontal shaft, and the quantitative calculation of the horizontal well water-holding rate based on the corresponding monitoring signals becomes the key basis of the subsequent oil and gas well production dynamic evaluation. According to the literature (Richard M. Bateman. case-Hole Log Analysis and Reservoir Performance Monitoring. Springer,1942, 133. 140.), the water retention rate of a horizontal well is defined as the ratio of the water phase fluid area to the well bore cross-sectional area at a horizontal well bore cross-section, and the volume ratio can be expressed at a certain depth infinitesimal as follows:
In the formula, YwHorizontal well water retention, decimal;
Awarea of fluid in aqueous phase over cross-section of well bore, square meter (m)2)；
A-total cross-sectional area of the wellbore in square meters (m)2)；
dhHorizontal well depth infinitesimal, meters (m).
For the array type retention monitor, an array probe monitoring signal is a capacitance or point resistivity response value of a local position of the probe, and the retention value in a local area of any probe position can be calculated by adopting a calibration method by combining the response values of the probe in pure water, pure oil and pure gas, and is expressed as,
in the formula, Yw,i-water retention at array probe i (i ═ 1, 2, …, 12) in the horizontal wellbore, fractional;
CPSi-measuring a response value, Count Per Second (CPS), of a probe i in the horizontal wellbore;
CPSw,i-response value of probe i at full water condition, count rate per second (CPS);
CPSh,i-response value of probe i in oil or gas conditions, count rate per second (CPS).
The horizontal well water holdup is expressed as a function of the local water holdup of each probe, and a method for calculating the horizontal well water holdup based on each array probe is generally expressed as,
in the formula, alphai-weight factor, decimal, of array probe i (i ═ 1, 2, …, 12) in the horizontal wellbore.
The existing method for calculating the water holdup of the shaft based on the water holdup data of the array probe in the horizontal well mainly comprises an average weight method, a grid interpolation method and an equal-height area weight coefficient method. The average weight method adopts a weighted average method to obtain the average value of 12 probes, and the contribution of the array probe response to the total water holding rate is considered to be equal; the selection of the interpolation method in the grid interpolation method is obviously influenced by the flow pattern, and the actual calculation result is greatly influenced by the selection of the interpolation method; the equal-height area weight coefficient method divides the cross section of the shaft into five equal parts according to the longitudinal height, and the proportion of each part in the total surface is the weight coefficient of the probe distributed in the area. In the actual horizontal well logging process, the contribution of each probe to the whole water retention rate is different due to the gravity difference of the fluid at the cross section of the shaft, the relative positions of the probes at different depths are changed due to the rotation of the instrument in the logging process, and the contribution weight of the response value of the probe to the water retention rate is correspondingly changed. Therefore, to accurately obtain the water holding rate of the horizontal shaft, an accurate quantitative calculation method for the water holding rate of the horizontal shaft needs to be established on the basis of analyzing the structural characteristics of the array instrument.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel method for calculating the water holdup of a horizontal well based on an array holdup meter, the calculation result, the cognition and the conclusion obtained by the method are enriched, the technology and the method for calculating the water holdup of the horizontal shaft based on monitoring data of the array holdup meter are enriched, and the water holdup Y of the horizontal shaft calculated based on the methodwThe method has the advantages that the coincidence rate with the actual fluid distribution of the shaft is highest, and the dynamic evaluation precision of oil, gas and water production of each production layer developed by the unconventional oil-gas reservoir horizontal well is improved.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme.
(1) Combining an array holdup instrument structure, projecting 12 probes distributed in an array along the radial direction of a shaft to a central vertical line, wherein the distance between the probe and the center of the shaft is expressed as,
r＝k·R (4)
in the formula, k is the opening degree and decimal of the array probe;
r-the position of the array probe from the center of a shaft section in meters (m);
r-horizontal well shaft section radius, meter (m).
(2) When the array rate-of-retention logging instrument does not rotate, the probe No. 1 is positioned at the topmost position, the projected probe No. 2 and the probe No. 12, the projected probe No. 3 and the projected probe No. 11, the projected probe No. 4 and the projected probe No. 10, the projected probe No. 5 and the projected probe No. 9, and the projected probe No. 6 and the projected probe No. 8 are superposed, the projected probe No. 6 is positioned at the bottommost position, the probes projected to the vertical direction of the center are divided into two parts according to the vertical distance from top to bottom, at the moment, the circular section of the shaft is divided into 7 regions, the corresponding area of each region is expressed as,
A4＝πR2-2(A3-A2-A1) (8)
The water holding capacity of the horizontal well is expressed as,
in the formula, A1～A7Area represented by 7 zones from top to bottom after splitting of the shaft section, square meter (m)2)；
Yw,1～Yw,12-water retention value, decimal, at the corresponding position of the array probe.
(3) When the array rate-of-retention logging instrument rotates and a certain probe is positioned at the topmost position of the cross section of the shaft, the integral contribution weight of the probe positioned at the topmost position is equal to the weight of the No. 1 probe which is not rotated, the rest probes judge the positioned intervals according to the rotation angle and correspond to the non-rotated intervals one by one, the specific rotation degree is expressed as,
in the formula, theta represents the rotation angle and radian of the No. 1 probe of the array holdup instrument;
[] -an integer operator;
n-number 1 probe of array rate-of-retention instrument rotates across sector area number, integer.
(3) When the array retention logger rotates and no probe rotates to the topmost position of the section of the shaft, the projection positions of the array probes on the vertical direction of the center of the shaft are not overlapped, the probes projected to the vertical direction of the center are cut into 12 regions in pairs according to the vertical distance from top to bottom, the circular section of the shaft is divided into 12 regions, the corresponding areas of the regions from top to bottom are expressed as,
A6＝A7＝0.5πR2-A5-A4-A3-A2-A1 (16)
the water holding capacity of the horizontal well is expressed as,
in the formula, A 1～A12Area represented by the 12 zones from top to bottom after cutting of the wellbore section, square meter (m)2)。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that: (1) high precision and accurate quantification. By considering the distribution mode of the array probes and the rotation of the instrument in the logging process, the high-precision subdivision of the weights of the detection areas of different probes is realized, and the opening degree of the instrument in the logging process is considered, so that the evaluation result is more matched with the actual logging environment; (2) the operability is strong, and the application range is wide. The established method is suitable for calculating the water holdup of the horizontal well array holdup instrument under different conditions, and has wider application range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the distribution position and radial area segmentation of the probe when the array persistence meter does not rotate.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of probe distribution position and radial area segmentation when the array persistence meter rotates arbitrarily.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the array retention log data processing in the example.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the distribution position and radial area segmentation of the probe when the array persistence meter does not rotate. The No. 1 probe is positioned at the topmost depth of the section of the shaft, the No. 7 probe is positioned at the bottommost depth of the section of the shaft, and the areas of all the areas are cut from top to bottom of the shaft from A1 to A7.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution position and the radial area segmentation of the probe when the array persistence meter rotates arbitrarily. Wherein theta is the rotation angle of the array instrument, no probe is positioned at the topmost position of the section of the shaft in the rotation process of the instrument, and A1-A12 are the areas of different areas of the section of the shaft cut from top to bottom.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the array retention log data processing in the example.
Application example:
the well A is known as a horizontal well of a certain oil field in the western part of China, the well completion drilling depth is meter, the production is carried out in 8 months and 18 days in 2017, and the daily yield is 7.96m at present3And d, 1.89t/d of daily oil production, 72.1 percent of water, and 626m of the depth of the working fluid level in the well bore monitored on the day of logging. And (3) testing without pumping, measuring by using a 57mm array retention logging instrument to obtain a retention response curve of each probe in the horizontal section of the well, wherein the opening of the array probe is 1 in the logging process, and calculating by using a formula (2) to obtain the local point retention of each array probe. The response values of each array probe in all oil, all water and all gas are as follows:
full oil environment:
CPSo,1＝9693，CPSo,2＝10117，CPSo,3＝9777，CPSo,4＝9852，CPSo,5＝10190，CPSo,6＝10066，CPSo,7＝9994，CPSo,8＝9824，CPSo,9＝9740，CPSo,10＝9856，CPSo,11＝9939，CPSo,12＝9824。
the full water environment:
CPSw,1＝20382，CPSw,2＝19227，CPSw,3＝21247，CPSw,4＝21267，CPSw,5＝19042，CPSw,6＝18270，CPSw,7＝19433，CPSw,8＝21446，CPSw,9＝22593，CPSw,10＝21983，CPSw,11＝19987，CPSw,12＝21227。
and (3) full-gas environment:
CPSg,1＝7793，CPSg,2＝8217，CPSg,3＝7877，CPSg,4＝7952，CPSg,5＝8290，CPSg,6＝8166，CPSg,7＝8094，CPSg,8＝7924，CPSg,9＝7840，CPSg,10＝7956，CPSg,11＝8039，CPSg,12＝7924。
the water holdup of the full flow layer 1775-1780 m calculated by the new method is distributed in the range of 68.10-68.81%, and the average value is 68.54%; the water holdup of 2025-2031 m is distributed in the range of 71.60-71.7%, the average value is 71.63%, and the total coincidence rate with the actual production water content of a wellhead is highest.
Claims (3)
1. A new method for calculating the water holding rate of a horizontal well based on an array holding rate instrument is characterized in that when the array holding rate instrument does not rotate, a probe 1 is positioned at the topmost position, a probe 2 and a probe 12, a probe 3 and a probe 11, a probe 4 and a probe 10, a probe 5 and a probe 9, and a probe 6 and a probe 8 are superposed after projection, the probe 6 is positioned at the bottommost position, the probes projected to the vertical direction of the center are cut into two and two equal parts according to the vertical distance from top to bottom, the circular section of a shaft is divided into 7 areas, the corresponding areas of all the areas are expressed as,
A4＝πR2-2(A3-A2-A1)
the water retention of the horizontal well is expressed as,
in the formula, A1～A7Area represented by 7 zones from top to bottom after splitting of the shaft section, square meter (m)2)；
Yw,1～Yw,12-water retention value, decimal, at the corresponding position of the array probe;
Ywhorizontal well water holdup, decimal;
a-total cross-sectional area of wellboreSquare meter (m)2)；
k is the opening degree of the array probe, and the ratio of the position of the array probe, which is away from the center of a cross section of the shaft, to the radius of the cross section of the horizontal well shaft is the decimal number;
r-the position of the array probe from the center of a shaft section in meters (m);
r-horizontal well shaft section radius, meter (m).
2. A new method for calculating the water holdup of a horizontal well based on an array holdup logging instrument is characterized in that when the array holdup logging instrument rotates and a certain probe is positioned at the topmost position of a cross section of a shaft, the contribution weight of the probe positioned at the topmost position is equal to the weight of a probe No. 1 which is not rotated, the rest probes are judged to be positioned in intervals and are in one-to-one correspondence when not rotating according to the rotation angle, the specific judgment rotation degree is expressed as, 
In the formula, theta represents the rotation angle and radian of the No. 1 probe of the array rate-holding instrument;
[] -a fetch integer operator;
n-number 1 probe of array rate-of-retention instrument rotates across sector area number, integer.
3. A new method for calculating the water holding rate of a horizontal well based on an array holding rate instrument is characterized in that when the array holding rate instrument rotates and no probe rotates to the top position of the cross section of a shaft, the projection positions of the array probe on the vertical direction of the center of the shaft are not overlapped, the probes projected to the vertical direction of the center are cut into two parts according to the vertical distance from top to bottom, the circular cross section of the shaft is divided into 12 areas, the corresponding areas of the areas from top to bottom are expressed as,
A6＝A7＝0.5πR2-A5-A4-A3-A2-A1
the water holding capacity of the horizontal well is expressed as,
in the formula, A1～A12Area represented by 12 zones from top to bottom after cutting of the shaft section, square meter (m)2)。
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