CN116150695A - Drilling fluid leakage position determination and leakage parameter calculation method - Google Patents
Drilling fluid leakage position determination and leakage parameter calculation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining the leakage position of drilling fluid and calculating leakage parameters, which is used for searching the position of lost circulation during drilling and calculating the leakage speed and the leakage quantity of the drilling fluid so as to estimate the leakage scale. The invention relates to a method for accurately positioning the leakage position by utilizing the principle that the Pe value of the photoelectric absorption section of barite in drilling fluid is abnormally higher than that of any other rock, mineral and fluid, and by utilizing the characteristic that the Pe curve measured by lithologic density well logging is high in the leakage well section, the leakage speed is predicted by utilizing the correlation between the Pe well logging value and the instantaneous leakage speed, and the leakage amount is calculated by combining a multi-mineral analysis method with the actual content of barite in the drilling fluid. The method is used for determining the leakage position, is simple and easy to operate, and has reliable precision; the calculated leakage speed and leakage quantity are compared with the data actually provided on site, the error is small, and the effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploration, and particularly relates to a drilling fluid leakage position determining and leakage parameter calculating method.
Background
At present, most oil fields at home and abroad have lost circulation phenomenon, the lost circulation phenomenon can cause the increase of operation cost and delay of construction period, and meanwhile, plugging liquid used after lost circulation can pollute a reservoir, so that a logging curve can not reflect real information of a stratum, and great difficulty is brought to later stratum fluid identification.
The reasons for occurrence of lost circulation are different, and the lost circulation has seepage type lost circulation which occurs in stratum with good third series physical properties, cracks and karst cave type lost circulation which occur in stratum of ancient buried hills, lost circulation which occurs in volcanic channels, lost circulation which occurs in fault fracture zones when drilling, and the like. When the position of lost circulation is determined, sometimes, when the drill bit is drilling into the stratum, the lost circulation depth point is easy to determine, but the lost circulation point provided by drilling has a certain depth error; some of the drilling fluid leaks from the weak ground at the upper part of the drill bit due to factors such as the increase of the specific gravity or the increase of the discharge capacity of the drilling fluid, so that a plurality of leakage points can exist, the depth of the leakage points is difficult to determine, and the leakage amount of each leakage point is unknown.
In the past, the leak-off mechanism of the fractured stratum is researched by students at home and abroad, but few people research the sand shale stratum of the third system, because the leak-off position is difficult to determine after the occurrence of well leakage. No accurate leak-off interval can be found, and no further research work can be done on the leak-off horizon.
The lost-circulation interval and the lost-circulation channel can be well evaluated by using imaging logging data, but because the third-series sand-shale stratum is longer in the well interval, the number of the logging items in the local stratum is very few due to high logging cost, and the lost-circulation horizon is particularly important to be positioned by using a conventional logging curve. The leakage mechanism of the easy-leakage interval is researched, the characteristics of lithology, physical property, mineral composition and content thereof, rock mechanical property, ground stress and the like of the stratum are researched in a targeted manner, and reliable basis can be provided for subsequent well-distribution well track design and well drilling construction scheme optimization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of providing a drilling fluid leakage position determining and leakage parameter calculating method; particularly, the photoelectric absorption section curve measured by logging after drilling is utilized to reflect the characteristic of abnormally high value of barite in drilling fluid, the position of a leakage point is found, the leakage speed is predicted, the leakage amount of each leakage point is predicted by combining the concentration of barite in the drilling fluid, and the leakage scale of each leakage point in a shaft is evaluated by adopting a multi-mineral analysis technology, so that the error is small and the precision is high.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for determining the leakage position of drilling fluid comprises the following steps,
s1: lithologic density measurement is carried out on the well completion, and a density curve and a photoelectric absorption section Pe curve are obtained;
s2: and determining the drilling fluid leakage position by utilizing the high abnormal value of the photoelectric absorption section Pe curve.
Further, the barite in the well completion has a Pe value of 266.82b/e, and the rock, mineral and fluid have Pe values between 0.095 and 21.48b/e, and when the drilling fluid in the well completion enters the lost circulation interval, the log Pe is affected by the barite to exhibit an abnormally high value.
Furthermore, the invention also provides a method for calculating the loss parameters of the drilling fluid, which comprises the following steps,
s1: calculating the leakage speed of drilling fluid;
s2: and calculating the loss of the drilling fluid.
Further, the drilling fluid leakage speed predicts the leakage speed V by using the ratio Pe' of Pe curve abnormality to Pe base value L The formula is:
V L ＝20.914×Peˊ-22.435R 2 ＝0.8148。
further, the step S2 comprises the following steps,
s21: obtaining the relative volume content V of barite in stratum ba ；
S22: obtaining the weight M of barite in stratum ba ；
S23: obtaining the total volume of stratum barite
S24: obtaining the weight M of barite in stratum ba ；
S25: obtaining the leakage quantity V of drilling fluid lost 。
Further, the relative volume content V of barite in the stratum ba The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein: ρ b For density log measurements in g/cm 3 ；
ρ cl The density value of the clay skeleton is given in g/cm 3 ；
ρ f Is the fluid density value, and is expressed in g/cm 3 ；
ρ ba The density value of barite is expressed in g/cm 3 ；
ρ sd The density value of the sandstone skeleton is expressed in g/cm 3 ；
Delta t is the acoustic time difference log measurement in μs/ft;
△t cl the unit is mu s/ft of the difference value of the sound wave time of the argillaceous framework;
△t f the unit is mu s/ft;
△t ba the unit of the difference value is mu s/ft for the barite acoustic wave;
△t sd the unit is mu s/ft of the acoustic time difference value of the sandstone framework;
pe is the measured Pe value of logging, the unit is b/e;
Pe cl the unit is b/e, which is the value of the muddy skeleton Pe;
Pe f the Pe value is fluid, and the unit is b/e;
Pe ba barite Pe value in b/e;
Pe sd the unit is b/e, which is the value of the sandstone skeleton Pe;
v is the relative volume content of the various minerals and fluids in V/V.
Further, the weight of barite in the stratum M ba The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
M ba ＝σ·V lost ·ρ c
wherein: sigma is the concentration of barite in drilling fluid, and the unit is v/v;
V lost the unit of the drilling fluid leakage is m 3 ；
ρ c Is the density of the drilling fluid at the leakage point, and the unit is g/cm 3 。
Further, the total volume of the stratum barite
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: />
Wherein: r is (r) max The depth of mud invasion is m;
r w the unit is m, which is the radius of the shaft;
h is the thickness of the mud invaded into the stratum, and the unit is m;
V ba the relative volume content of barite is expressed in v/v.
Further, the weight of barite in the stratum M ba The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
further, the drilling fluid leakage amount V lost The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
the drilling fluid leakage amount obtained by converting deformation is as follows:
the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the invention relates to a method for accurately positioning the leakage position by utilizing the principle that the Pe value of the photoelectric absorption section of barite in drilling fluid is abnormally higher than that of any other rock, mineral and fluid, and by utilizing the characteristic that the Pe curve measured by lithologic density well logging is high in the leakage well section, the leakage speed is predicted by utilizing the correlation between the Pe well logging value and the instantaneous leakage speed, and the leakage amount is calculated by combining a multi-mineral analysis method with the actual content of barite in the drilling fluid. The method is used for determining the leakage position, is simple and easy to operate, and has reliable precision; the calculated leakage speed and leakage quantity are compared with the data actually provided on site, the error is small, and the effect is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining the location of a lost drilling fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for calculating a loss parameter of drilling fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a view showing the cross-section Pe of leak-rate photoelectric absorption in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a model of formation volume according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graphical illustration of QHDX-a well Pe localized leak locations in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing QHDX-a well leakage rate calculation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the barite content of QHDX-a wells in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, a method for determining a location of a lost drilling fluid, comprising the steps of,
s1: lithologic density measurement is carried out on the well completion, and a density curve and a photoelectric absorption section Pe curve are obtained;
s2: and determining the drilling fluid leakage position by utilizing the high abnormal value of the photoelectric absorption section Pe curve. Specifically, the Pe value of barite in the well completion is 266.82b/e, the Pe value of other rocks, minerals and fluids is between 0.095 and 21.48b/e, and when drilling fluid in the well completion enters a lost circulation interval, the logging curve Pe is influenced by the barite to display an abnormally high value.
As shown in table 1, the Pe value of the heavy rock is much higher than that of other rocks, minerals and fluids, several tens or even hundreds of times. In the drilling process, in order to prevent accidents such as blowout and kick, barite is often selected as a drilling fluid weighting agent to increase specific gravity; before logging of an open hole well, barite is added into the drilling fluid to increase the specific gravity of mud, so that the well hole is prevented from collapsing during logging, and resistance or blocking is prevented. When lost circulation occurs, drilling fluid containing barite can permeate into stratum, and the Pe curve measured by lithology density well logging can have an abnormally high value at the lost circulation horizon, so that the lost circulation position can be accurately determined by utilizing the characteristic of abnormally high Pe value.
Preferably, the method is free from zonal, well-dividing, zonal and lithologic properties, and can be used for identifying lost circulation as long as the drilling fluid contains barite.
TABLE 1 Pe values for different minerals or rocks and fluids
As shown in FIG. 2, the invention also provides a drilling fluid leakage parameter calculation method, which comprises the following steps.
S1: and calculating the leakage speed of the drilling fluid. Specifically, in the drilling process, according to different formation pressures during drilling, barite with different masses is added, so that the concentration of the barite in each well drilling fluid is different, and the measured Pe curve base values are also different during well logging. And (3) selecting a well section Pe logging curve mean value which is more than 100m and has no leakage and is regular in the well bore and is used as a base value, and adopting the ratio of the Pe value of the leakage interval to the base value as a variable to establish a relation with the instantaneous leakage speed because the photoelectric absorption section Pe is nonlinear. Specifically, the embodiment selects 25 leak data of 23 exploratory wells of 4 oil fields, and the correlation is good. As shown in fig. 3, the drilling fluid leakage rate is predicted by using the ratio Pe' of the Pe curve anomaly to the Pe base value L The formula is:
pe=pe/Pe base value
V L ＝20.914×Peˊ-22.435R 2 = 0.8148 (formula 1).
Comparing the actual instantaneous leak speed of the leaked exploratory well with the leak speed obtained by using the leak speed formula (1), wherein the absolute error is 10m 3 Within/h, the relative error was less than 20% except that one well was greater than 20%, and the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 leak rate comparison table
S2: and calculating the loss of the drilling fluid. Specifically, the multi-mineral model analysis is based on the component analysis principle, a stratum with complex lithology is regarded as being composed of a plurality of parts with uniform local parts, logging data of the stratum with complex lithology is processed by adopting an optimized interpretation method, and the category of stratum minerals and the volume content of the stratum minerals in a single well section can be distinguished, so that logging lithology identification and calculation of stratum parameters can be performed.
The optimized logging interpretation is based on the actual logging value which reflects stratum characteristics more truly after the correction of environmental influence according to the geophysical generalized inversion theory, an objective function is established according to a proper mineral model and logging equation and a nonlinear weighted least square method principle, the unknown reservoir parameters are continuously adjusted by an optimization technology through reasonably selecting initial values of regional interpretation parameters and initial values of reservoir parameters, the objective function value is minimized, the corresponding theoretical logging value is calculated reversely, and is compared with the actual logging value until the theoretical logging value and the actual logging value are sufficiently approximated, and at the moment, the unknown quantity adopted for calculating the theoretical logging value is the value of the reservoir parameters which sufficiently reflects the reality, namely the optimized logging interpretation result.
Specifically, the third-line sand shale stratum of the Bohai sea oil field is taken as a target area, and the barite leaked into the stratum is taken as a special mineral in the stratum, so that the stratum can be divided into four parts in a multi-mineral model, as shown in fig. 4, and the stratum comprises pores, a sandstone skeleton, argillaceous and barite.
S21: obtaining the relative volume content V of barite in stratum ba The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The response equation of the logging curve is:
wherein: ρ b For density log measurements in g/cm 3 ；
ρ cl The density value of the clay skeleton is given in g/cm 3 ；
ρ f Is the fluid density value, and is expressed in g/cm 3 ；
ρ ba The density value of barite is expressed in g/cm 3 ；
ρ sd The density value of the sandstone skeleton is expressed in g/cm 3 ；
Delta t is the acoustic time difference log measurement in μs/ft;
△t cl the unit is mu s/ft of the difference value of the sound wave time of the argillaceous framework;
△t f the unit is mu s/ft;
△t ba the unit of the difference value is mu s/ft for the barite acoustic wave;
△t sd the unit is mu s/ft of the acoustic time difference value of the sandstone framework;
pe is the measured Pe value of logging, the unit is b/e;
Pe cl the unit is b/e, which is the value of the muddy skeleton Pe;
Pe f the Pe value is fluid, and the unit is b/e;
Pe ba barite Pe value in b/e;
Pe sd the unit is b/e, which is the value of the sandstone skeleton Pe;
v is the relative volume content of the various minerals and fluids in V/V.
S22: obtaining the weight M of barite in stratum ba . Specifically, for each well, according to the information provided by the drilling daily report, the concentration of barite in the drilling fluid before logging is counted to be sigma, and the leakage of stratum drilling fluid is assumed to be V lost The density of the drilling fluid when drilling to the leakage point is ρ c The mass of barite lost into the formation is:
M ba ＝σ·V lost ·ρ c (3)
Wherein: sigma is the concentration of barite in drilling fluid, and the unit is v/v;
V lost the unit of the drilling fluid leakage is m 3 ；
ρ c Is the density of the drilling fluid at the leakage point, and the unit is g/cm 3 。
S23: obtaining stratum bariteIs not less than the total volume of (2)
Calculating the invasion depth r of stratum mud max Barite volume fraction V calculated in combination with multi-mineral inversion ba The total volume of barite intrusion into the formation can be calculated as:
wherein: r is (r) max The depth of mud invasion is m;
r w the unit is m, which is the radius of the shaft;
h is the thickness of the mud invaded into the stratum, and the unit is m;
V ba the relative volume content of barite is expressed in v/v.
S24: obtaining the weight M of barite in stratum ba 。
Due to the density of 4.3-4.5 g/cm 3 Between them, we take the intermediate value of 4.4g/cm 3 The mass of barite in the formation can be calculated according to the reservoir inversion parameters as follows:
s25: obtaining the leakage quantity V of drilling fluid lost 。
The combination formula (3) and the formula (5) can be obtained:
the drilling fluid leakage amount obtained by converting deformation is as follows:
the invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examplesTaking a well QHDX-a of Qin Royal X oil field as an example, the method is described according to geological daily report: four-way drilling to 3061.0m, suddenly reducing the return, immediately lifting the drilling tool off the bottom of the well, checking the normal ground pipeline, determining the leakage of the well, and monitoring the instantaneous leakage speed by 27m 3 And/h. Reducing the discharge capacity to 500L/min, and measuring the circulation leakage speed by 16m 3 /h; adding PF-SEAL and PFSZDL plugging materials into the circulating pool, gradually reducing the leakage speed to 10m 3 And/h, reporting the base, and determining the simple drilling tool assembly for the drill starting and the replacement. This time the leakage drilling fluid 43m 3 。
And determining the position of the lost interval.
The geological daily report of the well describes the position of a leakage point at 3061.0m, wherein the values of all logging curves are normal, and no lost circulation response characteristic exists, as shown in figure 5. And correcting and positioning the position of the leakage stratum section of 3054.5-3057.8 m by using a Pe curve abnormal high value method. The logging curves of other parts of the leakage section are characterized in that: the well diameter is seriously expanded, the numerical value of a double-side and microsphere curve is obviously reduced in a lost-circulation section, the density curve is distorted by the well diameter expansion and the well leakage, the numerical value is abnormally low, and the response characteristics of the curve further prove that the section is a well leakage layer section.
And calculating the leak rate.
Reading a Pe logging mean value 3.3b/e of a QHDX-a well rule and a leak-free stratum as a basic value, reading a leak-off well section Pe value 8.4b/e, substituting Pe' 8.4/3.3=2.54 b/e into a formula (1) to calculate a leak rate 31m 3 And/h, recording actual instantaneous leakage speed 27m by using geological daily report of the leakage layer 3 And/h, calculating an absolute error of 4.0m 3 And/h, the relative error is 13%. The intersection map where the lost circulation point is located is shown in fig. 6.
And calculating the leakage amount.
As shown in fig. 7, in the rock volume analysis trace, the black filled portion is the barite relative volume content leaked into the stratum calculated by using the multi-mineral analysis method, and has good correlation with the lost circulation interval identified by the Pe curve in the rightmost trace. Calculating the relative volume content V of barite in the stratum of the leakage point by using a multi-mineral analysis method ba Read drain thickness h=3.3m using Pe curve=0.009, according to the well journal: yield toA value of 11Pa, a drilling fluid density ρ c ＝1.40g/cm 3 Barite concentration σ=19.6%, equivalent circulating density ecd=1.43 g/cm 3 The differential pressure Δp=wellbore pressure-formation pressure=ecd·g·h-pp=6.48 MPa is calculated, where Pp is calculated from the acoustic curve. Calculating the radius r of the shaft w =8.5/2.0.0254=0.108 m, and the lost circulation drilling fluid 51m in the lost circulation interval is calculated by using the formula (7) 3 43m of the actual lost drilling fluid of the section 3 Absolute error 8m 3 The relative error was 18.6%.
In summary, the invention explains the principle that the photoelectric absorption section Pe value of barite contained in drilling fluid is abnormally higher than any other rock, mineral and fluid, accurately locates the leakage position by the characteristic of the high value of the Pe curve in the leakage well section measured by lithologic density well logging, predicts the leakage speed by utilizing the correlation of the Pe well logging value and the instantaneous leakage speed, and obtains the leakage quantity by combining the multi-mineral analysis method with the actual content of the barite in the drilling fluid. The method is used for determining the leakage position, is simple and easy to operate, and has reliable precision; the calculated leakage speed and leakage quantity are compared with the data actually provided on site, the error is small, and the effect is good.
The foregoing describes one embodiment of the present invention in detail, but the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A drilling fluid leakage position determining method is characterized in that: comprises the steps of,
s1: lithologic density measurement is carried out on the well completion, and a density curve and a photoelectric absorption section Pe curve are obtained;
s2: and determining the drilling fluid leakage position by utilizing the high abnormal value of the photoelectric absorption section Pe curve.
2. The method for determining the lost position of drilling fluid according to claim 1, wherein: the Pe value of the barite in the well completion is 266.82b/e, the Pe value of the rock, the mineral and the fluid is between 0.095 and 21.48b/e, and when the drilling fluid in the well completion enters a lost circulation interval, the logging curve Pe is influenced by the barite to display an abnormally high value.
3. A drilling fluid leakage parameter calculation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprises the steps of,
s1: calculating the leakage speed of drilling fluid;
s2: and calculating the loss of the drilling fluid.
4. A method of calculating a drilling fluid loss parameter according to claim 3, wherein: the drilling fluid leakage speed utilizes the ratio Pe' of Pe curve abnormality to Pe base value to predict leakage speed V L The formula is:
V L ＝20.914×Peˊ-22.435R 2 ＝0.8148。
5. a method of calculating a drilling fluid loss parameter according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: the step S2 comprises the following steps,
s21: obtaining the relative volume content V of barite in stratum ba ；
S22: obtaining the weight M of barite in stratum ba ；
S23: obtaining the total volume of stratum barite
S24: obtaining the weight M of barite in stratum ba ；
S25: obtaining the leakage quantity V of drilling fluid lost 。
6. The method for calculating the loss parameters of the drilling fluid according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: barite relative volume content V in the formation ba The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein: ρ b For density log measurements in g/cm 3 ；
ρ cl The density value of the clay skeleton is given in g/cm 3 ；
ρ f Is the fluid density value, and is expressed in g/cm 3 ；
ρ ba The density value of barite is expressed in g/cm 3 ；
ρ sd The density value of the sandstone skeleton is expressed in g/cm 3 ；
Delta t is the acoustic time difference log measurement in μs/ft;
△t cl the unit is mu s/ft of the difference value of the sound wave time of the argillaceous framework;
△t f the unit is mu s/ft;
△t ba the unit of the difference value is mu s/ft for the barite acoustic wave;
△t sd the unit is mu s/ft of the acoustic time difference value of the sandstone framework;
pe is the measured Pe value of logging, the unit is b/e;
Pe cl the unit is b/e, which is the value of the muddy skeleton Pe;
Pe f the Pe value is fluid, and the unit is b/e;
Pe ba barite Pe value in b/e;
Pe sd the unit is b/e, which is the value of the sandstone skeleton Pe;
v is the relative volume content of the various minerals and fluids in V/V.
7. The method for calculating the loss parameters of the drilling fluid according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: weight of barite M in the formation ba The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
M ba ＝σ·V lost ·ρ c
wherein: sigma is the concentration of barite in drilling fluid, and the unit is v/v;
V lost the unit of the drilling fluid leakage is m 3 ；
ρ c Is the density of the drilling fluid at the leakage point, and the unit is g/cm 3 。
8. The method for calculating the loss parameters of the drilling fluid according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: total volume of the formation barite
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein: r is (r) max The depth of mud invasion is m;
r w the unit is m, which is the radius of the shaft;
h is the thickness of the mud invaded into the stratum, and the unit is m;
V ba the relative volume content of barite is expressed in v/v.
9. The method for calculating the loss parameters of the drilling fluid according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: weight of barite M in the formation ba The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
10. the method for calculating the loss parameters of the drilling fluid according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the loss of the drilling fluid V lost The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
the drilling fluid leakage amount obtained by converting deformation is as follows:
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112780262A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-05-11 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Well leakage position identification device and method based on while-drilling ultrasonic caliper logging |
| CN117846581A (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-04-09 | 东营安兴石油科技有限公司 | Petroleum drilling leakage layer position detection method and detection system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112780262A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-05-11 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Well leakage position identification device and method based on while-drilling ultrasonic caliper logging |
| CN117846581A (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-04-09 | 东营安兴石油科技有限公司 | Petroleum drilling leakage layer position detection method and detection system |
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