CN114752035A - 一种高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114752035A CN114752035A CN202210601335.3A CN202210601335A CN114752035A CN 114752035 A CN114752035 A CN 114752035A CN 202210601335 A CN202210601335 A CN 202210601335A CN 114752035 A CN114752035 A CN 114752035A
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- chain extender
- polyurethane dispersion
- diisocyanate
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- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及水性聚氨酯技术领域,公开一种高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体及其制备方法和应用,原料包括:生物基超支化聚氨酯40‑55%,中和剂0.5‑5%,磺酸盐扩链剂0.5‑5%,其余为水;以有机酸酸酐和三羟甲基氨基甲烷在溶剂中反应制得超支化扩链剂;再使植物油、二异氰酸酯、高聚物二元醇反应制得生物基支化聚氨酯预聚体,再向体系加入超支化扩链剂反应,得到所述生物基超支化聚氨酯。经与中和剂、磺酸盐扩链剂反应后分散在水中得到水性聚氨酯分散体,该分散体固含量可达50%~65%,粒径小于250nm,可长期稳定储存,同时具备固含量高、生物基原料、无溶剂、可自催化特性,对行业的发展具有重要意义。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及水性聚氨酯技术领域,具体涉及一种高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
水性聚氨酯分散体是一种成胶粒子均匀分散在水中的乳状液体,在使用过程中依靠聚合粒子间融合形成分布均匀的连续状涂膜,广泛应用于数字印刷、纺织、建筑、涂料、粘合剂、包装物等领域。然而,目前市售的大多数水性聚氨酯乳液固含量较低(20%~40%),具有生产效率低、产品包装和运输成本高、水分挥发速度慢、能耗高等缺点。
高固含量水性聚氨酯分散体(固含量≥50%)含水量低,干燥成膜时间较短,储存运输成本低,初粘力高,表面浸润性能好,能够有效提高产品竞争力。例如在涂料行业中,高固含量的聚氨酯分散体能够简化施涂操作,减少上胶次数。因此,高固含量水性聚氨酯分散体的开发已成为本领域的研究热点。
CN105237700A公开了一种两性磺酸盐型高固含量水性聚氨酯分散体的制备方法。通过加入少量磺酸盐二醇参与聚氨酯共聚,磺酸盐型水性聚氨酯分散体同时具备铵根阳离子和羧基、磺酸盐基阴离子,具备两性聚氨酯的特征,具有良好的稳定性。
CN113683747A采用1,2-二羟基-丙磺酸胺盐作为聚氨酯的制备原料,与特定聚合物多元醇等物质共同作用,显著提升了水性聚氨酯的固含量。CN102206410A使用羧酸型和磺酸型扩链剂,提高了乳液的乳化性能,同时采用自乳化和外乳化相结合的方法,合成了一种革用高固含水性聚氨酯。
然而,上述报道的水性聚氨酯树脂通常使用来自石油基原料进行制备,石油基原料的大量使用会加大化石资源的开采,加重全球变暖,由此会对社会及人类带来负面影响。此外,上述聚氨酯合成过程中均使用有机溶剂降低体系粘度,有毒催化剂(二月桂酸二丁基锡、辛酸亚锡或辛酸锡等)参与反应发生,并且最终产物里的催化剂不能除去,溶剂的大量使用也会对环境造成污染,从而影响水性聚氨酯分散体的应用。
基于此,探究一种同时具备固含量高、生物基原料、无溶剂、可自催化特性的水性聚氨酯分散体对行业的发展具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术聚氨酯分散体固含量不高,使用的有机溶剂对环境负担重,提供一种高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体的制备方法,得到的分散体具有较高的固体含量(50%~65%)和优异的储存稳定性(粒径<250nm),可以有效地提高生产效率,降低运输成本,提高初粘结力。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体,原料按照总重量百分数100%计,包括:
生物基超支化聚氨酯40-55%,中和剂0.5-5%,磺酸盐扩链剂0.5-5%,其余为水;
所述生物基超支化聚氨酯制备方法包括:
步骤1,以有机酸酸酐和三羟甲基氨基甲烷在溶剂中反应制得超支化扩链剂;
步骤2,使植物油和二异氰酸酯反应,随后加入高聚物二元醇继续反应,制得生物基支化聚氨酯预聚体,再向体系加入所述超支化扩链剂反应,得到所述生物基超支化聚氨酯。
本发明首先通过有机酸酸酐与三羟甲基氨基甲烷合成具有自催化和超支化功能的扩链剂,该扩链剂中的桥环结构和支化结构可以有效扩大空间位阻,降低反应体系粘度,反应过程中无需添加有机溶剂进行稀释。然后以生物基植物油、二异氰酸酯、高聚物二元醇为原料合成聚氨酯预聚体,采用超支化扩链剂对其进行扩链反应得到生物基超支化聚氨酯。该生物基超支化聚氨酯与中和剂和磺酸盐扩链剂混合,反应后形成双电子层效应,进一步提高聚氨酯的水分散性能,从而实现在无溶剂的条件下制备具有高固体含量的生物基水性超支化聚氨酯分散体。
所述水性聚氨酯分散体固含量为50%~65%,粒径小于250nm。本发明得到的水性聚氨酯粒径较小,能够长期稳定储存,具有较高的固含量,适用于涂料领域,有利于在基材表面涂覆,并形成强粘附性且多官能团的涂层。
所述中和剂包括三乙胺、三乙醇胺、氨水、二乙醇胺、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、三甲胺、三丙胺中的一种。
所述磺酸盐扩链剂包括乙二胺基乙磺酸钠、1,2-二羟基-丙磺酸钠、2-羟基-2-丙磺酸钠、2,4-二氨基苯磺酸钠、N,N-二(2-羟乙基)-2-氨基乙磺酸钠、3-环己胺-2-羟基-1-丙磺酸钠或1,4-丁二醇-2-磺酸钠中的一种。
步骤1中有机酸酸酐的酸酐官能团和三羟甲基氨基甲烷的氨基官能团摩尔比为1:0.5-2。优选摩尔比为1:0.8-1.5,进一步优选摩尔比为1:1-1.5。
所述有机酸酸酐包括降冰片烯二酸酐、氧杂酸酐、甲基纳迪克酸酐或邻苯二甲酸酐中的一种;这些酸酐结构中存在特殊的杂环构型,利于扩大扩链剂的空间位阻。
步骤2中植物油、二异氰酸酯、高聚物二元醇的摩尔比为1-5:1-5:1-5;
和/或,所述超支化扩链剂与植物油的摩尔比为0.5-5:1-5。
所述植物油选含多羟基的天然高分子原料,包括羟化大豆油、羟化亚麻油、羟化葵花籽油、羟化棉籽油、羟化菜籽油或蓖麻油中的一种。
所述二异氰酸酯包括甲苯二异氰酸酯、亚苯基二异氰酸酯、亚二甲苯基二异氰酸酯、四甲基二甲苯二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、萘二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯或二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯中的一种。
所述高聚物二元醇包括聚乙二醇、聚己内酯或聚四氢呋喃中的一种。高聚物二元醇具有的有序长单链结构,利于后续乳化过程。
步骤1在25-50℃下反应1-5h;溶剂包括甲醇、乙醇、丙酮中至少一种;反应结束后产物经过干燥处理得到超支化扩链剂。
步骤2中反应是在70-90℃下进行,植物油和二异氰酸酯反应2-6h,加入高聚物二元醇后继续反应1-3h,加入超支化扩链剂后继续反应1-3h。
本发明还提供所述的高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体的制备方法,包括步骤:包括步骤:将生物基超支化聚氨酯和中和剂反应,再加入磺酸盐扩链剂反应,随后分散在水中得到所述水性聚氨酯分散体。
加入中和剂后反应30-50min,加入磺酸盐扩链剂后反应10-30min,温度为30-50℃。
本发明还提供所述的高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体在涂料、胶粘剂、织物涂层与整理剂、皮革涂饰剂、纸张表面处理剂或纤维表面处理剂中的应用。该分散体原料多元醇是从天然植物中获得,同时具备固含量高、生物基原料、无溶剂、可自催化特性,且具有价格低廉、原料易得、无毒或低毒性以及可降解等优点,对行业的发展具有重要意义。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
(1)本发明制备的超支化扩链剂含有不饱和酸酐和多羟基结构,具有自催化、低粘度、可超支化的优异特性,聚氨酯合成过程中无需添加催化剂和有机溶剂,避免了有毒催化剂和挥发性有机溶剂的使用,并在体系中引入磺酸盐扩链剂可以形成双电层结构,通过强的电子斥力阻止乳液聚集,得到的分散体固含量可达50%~65%,粒径小于250nm,可长期稳定储存,同时具备固含量高、生物基原料、无溶剂、可自催化特性,对行业的发展具有重要意义。
(2)该分散体选用自然界中来源丰富的生物基植物油作为原料,制备过程中无需添加有机溶剂和催化剂,固体含量高,符合绿色环保的可持续发展理念,且生物基超支化聚氨酯原料多元醇是从天然植物中获得,具有价格低廉、原料易得、无毒或低毒性以及可降解等优点。
(3)本发明所制备的超支化聚氨酯官能团密度大,有利于在基材表面涂覆,并形成强粘附性且多官能团的涂层。固含量高,可以有效降低生产及销售过程中的运输成本,也符合当代可持续发展的绿色环保主题,有望在高固含量水性聚氨酯分散体领域广泛推广。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中的超支化扩链剂红外光谱图。
图2为实施例1中的聚氨酯分散体红外光谱图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。本领域技术人员在理解本发明的技术方案基础上进行修改或等同替换,而未脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,均应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。
以下具体实施方式中所采用的原料均购于市场。
对比例1(无磺酸盐的加入)
(1)按降冰片烯二酸酐的酸酐官能团与三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷的氨基官能团的官能团比1:1.2,称量8.2g降冰片烯二酸酐和6.1g三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷溶于200mL甲醇中,磁子搅拌升温至50℃,在氮气保护下反应1小时,在45℃旋蒸后,得到具有催化和超支化性能的扩链剂A。
(2)取0.01mol蓖麻油9.3g,加入0.04mol异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯8.9g,通氮气,升温至80℃反应4小时,然后加入0.03mol聚乙二醇18g反应1.5小时,得到生物基超支化聚氨酯预聚体,再加入步骤(1)中所得的2.85g具有催化超支化性能的扩链剂A(0.01mol),反应2小时,干燥,得到生物基超支化聚氨酯。
(3)取步骤(2)中得到的生物基超支化聚氨酯18g,缓慢滴加三乙胺2mL,在40℃下反应30分钟,缓慢加入去离子水,得到水性聚氨酯分散体。
固含量的测定依据GB/T 2793-1995,取2g乳液样品放置在120℃的恒温鼓风干燥机干燥12小时,通过计算残留物的重量比得到固体含量,重复三次取得平均值。对比例1的固含量为32%。水性聚氨酯分散体通过稀释后经动态光散射测试得粒径大小为339nm。
对比例2(以二羟甲基丙酸为扩链剂)
(1)取0.01mol蓖麻油9.3g,加入0.04mol异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯8.9g,通氮气,升温至80℃反应4小时,然后加入0.03mol聚乙二醇18g反应1.5小时,得到生物基聚氨酯预聚体,再加入2滴催化剂(二月桂酸二丁基锡)以及溶于丙酮的1.34g二羟甲基丙酸扩链剂(0.01mol),反应2小时,旋蒸除去丙酮后干燥,得到生物基聚氨酯。
(2)取步骤(1)中得到的生物基聚氨酯20g,缓慢滴加三乙胺2mL,反应30分钟,滴加含有1.5g的2,4-二氨基苯磺酸钠水溶液,在40℃下反应25分钟,得到水性聚氨酯分散体。对比例2的固含量为44%,粒径为269nm。
对比例3(以三羟甲基丙烷为扩链剂)
(1)取0.01mol蓖麻油9.3g,加入0.04mol异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯8.9g,通氮气,升温至80℃反应4小时,然后加入0.03mol聚乙二醇18g反应1.5小时,得到生物基聚氨酯预聚体,再加入2滴催化剂(二月桂酸二丁基锡)以及溶于丙酮的1.34g三羟甲基丙烷扩链剂(0.01mol),反应2小时,旋蒸除去丙酮后干燥,得到生物基聚氨酯。
(2)取步骤(1)中得到的生物基聚氨酯20g,缓慢滴加三乙胺2mL,反应30分钟,滴加含有1.5g的2,4-二氨基苯磺酸钠水溶液,在40℃下反应25分钟,得到水性聚氨酯分散体。
对比例3的固含量为41%,粒径为241nm。
实施例1
(1)按降冰片烯二酸酐的酸酐官能团与三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷氨基官能团比1:1.2称取8.2g降冰片烯二酸酐与6.1g三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷溶于200mL甲醇中,磁子搅拌升温至50℃,在氮气保护下反应1小时,在45℃旋蒸后,得到具有催化和超支化性能的扩链剂A。
(2)取0.01mol蓖麻油9.3g,加入0.04mol异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯8.9g,通氮气,升温至80℃反应4小时,然后加入0.03mol聚乙二醇18g反应1.5小时,得到生物基超支化聚氨酯预聚体,再加入步骤(1)中所得的2.85g具有催化超支化性能的扩链剂A(0.01mol),反应2小时,干燥,得到生物基超支化聚氨酯。
(3)取步骤(2)中得到的生物基超支化聚氨酯18g,缓慢滴加三乙胺2mL,在40℃下反应30分钟,在500rpm转速下滴加含有1.5g的2,4-二氨基苯磺酸钠水溶液,反应20分钟,再缓慢加入去离子水,得到水性聚氨酯分散体。
实施例1的固含量为58%,粒径为190nm。图1为本实施例中扩链剂的红外光谱图,1552cm-1处对应于酰胺的振动吸收峰,1054cm-1和1643cm-1分别属于酸酐中C-O-C基团和C=C的伸缩振动峰。图2为本实施例中聚氨酯分散体的红外光谱图,1104cm-1,1725cm-1,2883cm-1和3419cm-1分别对应于C-O-C,C=O,CH2和O-H的振动吸收峰,2250-2270cm-1归属于聚氨酯中的-NCO基团,1306cm-1对应于C-N的伸缩振动峰。说明顺利合成得到超支化扩链剂和聚氨酯。
实施例2
高固含量水性聚氨酯分散体的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按甲基纳迪克酸酐的酸酐官能团与三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷的氨基官能团的官能团比1:1.2,取9g甲基纳迪克酸酐与7.2g三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷溶于350mL甲醇中,磁子搅拌升温至50℃,在氮气保护下反应1小时,在45℃旋蒸后,得到具有催化和超支化性能的扩链剂。
(2)取0.03mol蓖麻油27.9g,加入0.09mol异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯20g,通氮气,升温至80℃反应4小时,然后加入0.08mol聚乙二醇48g反应2小时,得到生物基超支化聚氨酯预聚体,再加入步骤(1)中所得的5.7g具有催化超支化性能的扩链剂(0.02mol),反应2小时,干燥,得到生物基超支化聚氨酯。
(3)取步骤(2)中得到的生物基超支化聚氨酯50g,缓慢滴加三乙胺4mL,在40℃下反应30分钟,滴加含有3.5g的2,4-二氨基苯磺酸钠水溶液,反应25分钟,得到高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体。
实施例2的固含量为52%,粒径为226nm。
实施例3
高固含量水性聚氨酯分散体的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按降冰片烯二酸酐的酸酐官能团与三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷氨基官能团的官能团比1:1.4,取9g降冰片烯二酸酐与9.6g三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷溶于350mL甲醇中,磁子搅拌升温至30℃,在氮气保护下反应2小时,在45℃旋蒸后,得到具有催化和超支化性能的扩链剂。
(2)取0.04mol蓖麻油37.3g,加入0.1mol异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯22.3g,通氮气,升温至80℃反应4小时,然后加入0.13mol聚四氢呋喃80g反应2小时,得到生物基超支化聚氨酯预聚体,再加入步骤(1)中所得的8.5g具有催化超支化性能的扩链剂(0.03mol),反应2小时,干燥,得到生物基超支化聚氨酯。
(3)取步骤(2)中得到的生物基超支化聚氨酯100g,缓慢滴加三乙胺6mL,在40℃下反应40分钟,滴加含有7g的乙二胺基乙磺酸钠水溶液,反应20分钟,得到高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体。
实施例3的固含量为55%,粒径为205nm。
实施例4
高固含量水性聚氨酯分散体的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按邻苯二甲酸酐的酸酐官能团与三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷氨基官能团的官能团比1:1.1,取8g邻苯二甲酸酐与6.5g三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷溶于400mL甲醇中,磁子搅拌升温至40℃,在氮气保护下反应3小时,在45℃旋蒸后,得到具有催化和超支化性能的扩链剂。
(2)取0.03mol蓖麻油27.9g,加入0.1mol异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯22.3g,通氮气,升温至75℃反应4小时,然后加入0.1mol聚己内酯40g反应2小时,得到生物基超支化聚氨酯预聚体,再加入步骤(1)中所得的5.5g具有催化超支化性能的扩链剂(0.02mol),反应2小时,干燥,得到生物基超支化聚氨酯。
(3)取步骤(2)中得到的生物基超支化聚氨酯50g,缓慢滴加三乙胺4mL,在40℃下反应40分钟,滴加含有5g的乙二胺基乙磺酸钠水溶液,反应20分钟,得到高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体。
实施例4的固含量为51%,粒径为235nm。
实施例5
高固含量水性聚氨酯分散体的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按降冰片烯二酸酐的酸酐官能团与三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷氨基官能团的官能团比1:1,取8g降冰片烯二酸酐与6.5g三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷溶于300mL甲醇中,磁子搅拌升温至30℃,在氮气保护下反应1.5小时,在45℃旋蒸后,得到具有催化和超支化性能的扩链剂。
(2)取0.02mol羟化菜籽油17g,加入0.06mol异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯13.4g,通氮气,升温至80℃反应4小时,然后加入0.06mol聚四氢呋喃36g反应3小时,得到生物基超支化聚氨酯预聚体,再加入步骤(1)中所得的2.8g具有催化超支化性能的扩链剂(0.01mol),反应2小时,干燥,得到生物基超支化聚氨酯。
(3)取步骤(2)中得到的生物基超支化聚氨酯10g,缓慢滴加三乙胺1mL,在40℃下反应40分钟,滴加含有1.2g的乙二胺基乙磺酸钠水溶液,反应30分钟,得到高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体。
实施例5的固含量为55%,粒径为176nm。
实施例6
高固含量水性聚氨酯分散体的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按邻苯二甲酸酐的酸酐官能团与三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷氨基官能团的官能团比1:1,取5g邻苯二甲酸酐与5g三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷溶于200mL甲醇中,磁子搅拌升温至40℃,在氮气保护下反应1.5小时,在45℃旋蒸后,得到具有催化和超支化性能的扩链剂。
(2)取0.03mol羟化菜籽油25.5g,加入0.1mol异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯22.3g,通氮气,升温至85℃反应4小时,然后加入0.11mol聚乙二醇65g反应2小时,得到生物基超支化聚氨酯预聚体,再加入步骤(1)中所得的5.4g具有催化超支化性能的扩链剂(0.02mol),反应2小时,干燥,得到生物基超支化聚氨酯。
(3)取步骤(2)中得到的生物基超支化聚氨酯30g,缓慢滴加三乙胺1.5mL,在40℃下反应40分钟,滴加含有0.8g的2,4-二氨基苯磺酸钠水溶液,反应20分钟,得到高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体。
实施例6的固含量为53%,粒径为247nm。
各实施例和对比例的分散体固含量和粒径汇总于表1。从表1可以看出,通过引入具有超支化功能的扩链剂之后实施例相对于对比例2,3的固含量明显提高。同时,对比例1的实验表明磺酸盐成分对分散体体系固含量的影响非常明显。因此,根据以上结果推断固含量提高主要归因于磺酸盐及超支化扩链剂的引入,两者协同作用下能够更进一步提高体系的固含量。
表1不同分散体的固体含量与粒径大小
Claims (10)
1.一种高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体,其特征在于,原料按照总重量百分数100%计,包括:
生物基超支化聚氨酯40-55%,中和剂0.5-5%,磺酸盐扩链剂0.5-5%,其余为水;
所述生物基超支化聚氨酯制备方法包括:
步骤1,以有机酸酸酐和三羟甲基氨基甲烷在溶剂中反应制得超支化扩链剂;
步骤2,使植物油和二异氰酸酯反应,随后加入高聚物二元醇继续反应,制得生物基支化聚氨酯预聚体,再向体系加入所述超支化扩链剂反应,得到所述生物基超支化聚氨酯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体,其特征在于,所述水性聚氨酯分散体固含量为50%~65%,粒径小于250nm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体,其特征在于,所述中和剂包括三乙胺、三乙醇胺、氨水、二乙醇胺、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、三甲胺、三丙胺中的一种;
和/或,所述磺酸盐扩链剂包括乙二胺基乙磺酸钠、1,2-二羟基-丙磺酸钠、2-羟基-2-丙磺酸钠、2,4-二氨基苯磺酸钠、N,N-二(2-羟乙基)-2-氨基乙磺酸钠、3-环己胺-2-羟基-1-丙磺酸钠或1,4-丁二醇-2-磺酸钠中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体,其特征在于,所述有机酸酸酐包括降冰片烯二酸酐、氧杂酸酐、甲基纳迪克酸酐或邻苯二甲酸酐中的一种;
和/或,所述植物油包括羟化大豆油、羟化亚麻油、羟化葵花籽油、羟化棉籽油、羟化菜籽油或蓖麻油中的一种;
和/或,所述二异氰酸酯包括甲苯二异氰酸酯、亚苯基二异氰酸酯、亚二甲苯基二异氰酸酯、四甲基二甲苯二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、萘二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯或二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯中的一种;
和/或,所述高聚物二元醇包括聚乙二醇、聚己内酯或聚四氢呋喃中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体,其特征在于,步骤1中有机酸酸酐的酸酐官能团和三羟甲基氨基甲烷的氨基官能团摩尔比为1:0.5-2。
6.根据权利要求1所述的高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体,其特征在于,步骤2中植物油、二异氰酸酯、高聚物二元醇的摩尔比为1-5:1-5:1-5;
和/或,所述超支化扩链剂与植物油的摩尔比为0.5-5:1-5。
7.根据权利要求1所述的高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体,其特征在于,步骤1在25-50℃下反应1-5h;溶剂包括甲醇、乙醇、丙酮中至少一种;反应结束后产物经过干燥处理得到超支化扩链剂;
和/或,步骤2中反应是在70-90℃下进行,植物油和二异氰酸酯反应2-6h,加入高聚物二元醇后继续反应1-3h,加入超支化扩链剂后继续反应1-3h。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体的制备方法,其特征在于,包括步骤:将生物基超支化聚氨酯和中和剂反应,再加入磺酸盐扩链剂反应,随后分散在水中得到所述水性聚氨酯分散体。
9.根据权利要求8所述的高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体的制备方法,其特征在于,加入中和剂后反应30-50min,加入磺酸盐扩链剂后反应10-30min,温度为30-50℃。
10.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的高固含量的水性聚氨酯分散体在涂料、胶粘剂、织物涂层与整理剂、皮革涂饰剂、纸张表面处理剂或纤维表面处理剂中的应用。
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