CN114748862B - Active dynamic performance testing system for low-oxygen tolerance capability - Google Patents
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000007954 hypoxia Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
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- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000018875 hypoxemia Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
The invention discloses an active testing system for dynamic performance of hypoxia tolerance, wherein a gas generating unit is communicated with a hypoxia gas circuit unit and an electromagnetic valve through a first pressure reducing valve, the hypoxia gas circuit unit is communicated with a second pressure reducing valve through the electromagnetic valve, the second pressure reducing valve is communicated with a breathing mask, a blood pressure sensor and a blood oxygen sensor of a physiological detection unit are both connected with a digital integrated calculation and control unit, a first flow sensor is arranged between the hypoxia gas circuit unit and the electromagnetic valve, and a second flow sensor is arranged between the second pressure reducing valve and the breathing mask. The active testing system for the dynamic performance of the low-oxygen tolerance capability adopts the structure, uses incremental PID control, adopts gas flow as control quantity, adjusts the flow proportion of the low-oxygen gas path and the air gas path, and realizes the control of the oxygen content of output gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of a low-oxygen control system, in particular to a dynamic performance active test system for low-oxygen tolerance capacity.
Background
The average altitude of Qinghai-Tibet plateau is more than 4000 meters, the altitude of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau is high, the air is thin, the oxygen content is insufficient, the plateau reaction is easy to occur to external rescuers, and the daily work of the rescuers is seriously hindered.
The hypoxia system is used for simulating a plateau environment characterized by hypoxia, and can increase the concentration of hemoglobin and the oxygen carrying capacity by stimulating the kidney of a trainee to release erythropoietin, thereby improving the utilization rate of human tissues to oxygen and the lactic acid resistance. The hypoxia system is used for simulating the hypoxia environment to train in plain areas, so that the tolerance degree of a human body to the hypoxia environment can be effectively improved, hypoxia stimulation can be used as an efficient exercise method, and hypoxia has certain curative effects on common diseases such as hypertension, asthma, coronary heart disease, lung diseases and the like.
The existing training evaluation system for the artificial hypoxia environment is basically open-loop, and lacks a complete physiological detection device as auxiliary feedback, so that the real-time state of a cardio-pulmonary system of a trainer cannot be comprehensively disclosed, a unified training system is more difficult to establish, and whether the trainer meets the requirement of plateau operation is difficult to distinguish. On the other hand, the current control system is large in size, not easy to carry, complex in control process, low in accuracy, free of environment universality and limited in practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dynamic performance active test system for low-oxygen tolerance, which uses incremental PID control, adopts gas flow as control quantity, adjusts the flow proportion of a low-oxygen gas path and an air gas path, and realizes the control of the oxygen content of output gas.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an active testing system for dynamic performance of hypoxia tolerance, which comprises an environment monitoring unit, a gas generating unit, a hypoxia gas circuit unit, an electromagnetic valve, a digital integrated calculating and controlling unit, a breathing mask and a physiological detecting unit, wherein the gas generating unit is communicated with the hypoxia gas circuit unit and the electromagnetic valve through a first pressure reducing valve;
the environment monitoring unit is located before the gas generation unit, a first oxygen concentration sensor and a humidity sensor of the environment monitoring unit are connected with the digital integrated calculation and control unit.
Preferably, the air compressor of the gas generating unit is communicated with a gas filtering device, and the gas filtering device is communicated with the first pressure reducing valve.
Preferably, a second oxygen sensor is arranged between the gas filtering device and the first pressure reducing valve, and the first pressure reducing valve is communicated with a first valve of the electromagnetic valve.
Preferably, a first pressure sensor is arranged between the nitrogen-making molecular sieve of the low-oxygen gas path unit and the flow regulating valve, the nitrogen-making molecular sieve is communicated with the first reducing valve and the flow regulating valve respectively, and the flow regulating valve is communicated with the second valve of the electromagnetic valve through the first flow sensor.
Preferably, a third oxygen concentration sensor and a second pressure sensor are arranged between the second pressure reducing valve and the breathing mask.
Preferably, the gas generation unit, the hypoxia air circuit unit, the electromagnetic valve and the breathing mask are communicated through a hose, and a spiral damping structure is arranged inside the hose.
Preferably, the top and the side wall of the box body of the active test system are provided with heat dissipation holes, the upper part of the box body is provided with a heat dissipation fan communicated with the heat dissipation holes at the top, and the periphery of the air compressor at the bottom of the box body is provided with a damping sponge.
Preferably, the digital integrated calculating and controlling unit collects and analyzes signals of each sensor, and finally controls the oxygen concentration of the breathing mask by controlling the opening and closing period of the electromagnetic valve;
the specific algorithm of the digital integrated calculating and controlling unit for the matching of the hypoxia air circuit and the air circuit is that,
wherein,
a: oxygen concentration output by low oxygen gas path
k: oxygen concentration of air
x: low oxygen gas path opening time in one period
z%: the oxygen concentration;
the oxygen concentration is controlled according to an incremental PID formula, specifically,
PID＝U k +K P *[E(k)-E(k-1)]+K I *E(k)+K D *[E(k)-2E(k-1)+E(k-2)]
wherein,
PID: control quantity at next moment
U k : current time control quantity (PID)
K P : current proportional control coefficient
K I : current integral control coefficient
K D : current differential control coefficient
E (k): current error
E (k-1): error of previous time
E (k-2): the first two time errors.
Preferably, the dynamic performance active test system for low oxygen tolerance capability has the following air paths: the external air enters the first pressure reducing valve after entering the gas generating unit, then the external air is divided into two parts, one part directly enters the electromagnetic valve, the other part enters the electromagnetic valve after passing through the hypoxia air circuit unit, and the electromagnetic valve mixes and conveys the two parts of gas to the second pressure reducing valve and finally conveys the gas to the breathing mask by the second pressure reducing valve.
Therefore, the active test system for the dynamic performance of the low oxygen tolerance capability, which adopts the structure, has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The system uses incremental PID control, adopts gas flow as control quantity, adjusts the flow proportion of the low-oxygen gas circuit and the air gas circuit, realizes the control of the oxygen content of the output gas, can realize the tracking of the oxygen concentration of the output gas on any waveform signal, realizes the stepless control of the oxygen concentration of the output gas, and has high working efficiency;
(2) The system has strong environment self-adaptive function and can be used for a long time in any region and in any season;
(3) The system is matched with portable physiological monitoring equipment for use, can display and record physiological signals of the tested person, such as heart rate, blood oxygen and the like in real time, and better reflects the physiological state of the tested person;
(4) The whole gas circuit of the system is safe and pollution-free, the whole weight is controlled within 15 kilograms, and no gas storage tank is arranged, so that the miniaturization and the portability of the active test system are realized.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an active dynamic performance testing system for hypoxia tolerance according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of an active dynamic performance testing system for hypoxia tolerance in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic external view of a case of an active dynamic performance testing system for low oxygen tolerance capability according to the present invention.
Reference numerals
1. An electromagnetic valve; 2. a respiratory mask; 3. an air compressor; 4. a gas filtering device; 5. preparing a nitrogen molecular sieve; 6. a flow regulating valve; 7. a digital integration and calculation control unit; 8. a hose; 9. a heat-dissipating fan; 10. and (4) a box body.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the accompanying drawings and examples.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and the like, herein does not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms "first," "second," and the like are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an active testing system for dynamic performance of hypoxia tolerance according to the present invention, fig. 2 is a side view of the active testing system for dynamic performance of hypoxia tolerance according to the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the exterior of a box of the active testing system for dynamic performance of hypoxia tolerance according to the present invention, and as shown in the figure, the active testing system for dynamic performance of hypoxia tolerance comprises an environment monitoring unit, a gas generating unit, a hypoxia gas circuit unit, an electromagnetic valve 1, a digital integrated computing and control unit 7, a breathing mask 2 and a physiological detection unit. The gas generation unit is communicated with the hypoxia gas circuit unit and the electromagnetic valve 1 through a first pressure reducing valve, the hypoxia gas circuit unit is communicated with a second pressure reducing valve through the electromagnetic valve 1, and the second pressure reducing valve is communicated with the breathing mask 2. The blood pressure sensor and the blood oxygen sensor of the physiological detection unit are both connected with the digital integrated calculation and control unit 7, a first flow sensor is arranged between the hypoxia air circuit unit and the electromagnetic valve, and a second flow sensor is arranged between the second pressure reducing valve and the breathing mask 2. Physiological signals such as self heart rate and blood oxygen after the user wears the respirator are detected by the physiological detection unit under the current oxygen concentration.
The environment monitoring unit is located before the gas generation unit, and a first oxygen concentration sensor and a humidity sensor of the environment monitoring unit are connected with the digital integrated calculation and control unit 7. The setting of environment monitoring unit monitors oxygen concentration and humidity in the current environment, realizes the long-time use of this initiative test system in arbitrary region and season.
The air compressor 3 of the gas generation unit is communicated with the gas filtering device 4, and the gas filtering device 4 is communicated with the first pressure reducing valve. The gas generating unit separates oil and water in the air while conveying the air, so that the air entering the subsequent hose 8 is ensured to be clean, and meanwhile, the internal pipeline of the subsequent hose 8 is not polluted.
A second oxygen sensor is arranged between the gas filtering device 4 and the first pressure reducing valve, and the first pressure reducing valve is communicated with a first valve of the electromagnetic valve 1. The second oxygen sensor is arranged to measure the oxygen concentration in the air entering the first valve.
A first pressure sensor is arranged between the nitrogen making molecular sieve 5 and the flow regulating valve 6 of the low-oxygen gas path unit, the nitrogen making molecular sieve 5 is communicated with a first pressure reducing valve, and the flow regulating valve 6 is communicated with a second valve of the electromagnetic valve 1 through the first flow sensor. The nitrogen-producing molecular sieve 5 uses HEPA technology to treat air and filter macromolecular oxygen therein to produce low-oxygen gas. The low-oxygen gas enters the second valve, and the control of the oxygen concentration of the output gas is realized by controlling the opening and closing period of the first valve and the second valve of the electromagnetic valve 1.
A third oxygen concentration sensor and a second pressure sensor are arranged between the second pressure reducing valve and the breathing mask 2, so that the oxygen concentration at the breathing mask 2 can be measured in real time. The breathing mask 2 communicates with a second pressure relief valve outside the tank 10.
The gas generating unit, the hypoxia air circuit unit, the electromagnetic valve 1 and the breathing mask 2 are communicated through a hose 8, and a spiral damping structure is arranged inside the hose 8.
The gas resistance is equal to the sum of the straight pipeline resistance and the local resistance,
Σh f ＝h fz +h FJ
in order to avoid the formation of vortex in the gas path pipeline, the gas path pipeline avoids the sudden change of the cross section as much as possible, so the local resistance can be ignored, the straight pipe section resistance calculation formula is as follows,
wherein,
λ: coefficient of friction damping
l: length of pipe in m
d: inner diameter of the pipe in m
u: the flow velocity of the fluid in the pipe is in m/s;
therefore, the length of the straight pipe needs to be prolonged as much as possible to enhance the resistance under the condition that the flow rate and the inner diameter are not changed, so that the spiral damping structure is selected to prolong the air passage in the hose. The gas source of the active test system is a single air inlet channel of the air compressor 3, and the air and the low-oxygen gas are fully mixed and cooled under the condition that an air storage tank is not arranged.
The top and the side wall of a box body 10 of the active test system are provided with heat dissipation holes, the upper part of the box body 10 is provided with a heat dissipation fan 9 communicated with the heat dissipation holes at the top, and damping sponge is arranged around an air compressor 3 at the bottom of the box body 10. The enclosure 10 is provided to allow portability of the active test system. The heat dissipation fan 9 and the heat dissipation holes are arranged to perform heat dissipation treatment on the inside of the box body 10 and the hose 8.
The digital integrated calculating and controlling unit 7 collects and analyzes signals of each sensor, and finally controls the opening and closing period of the electromagnetic valve 1 to control the oxygen concentration in the breathing mask 2;
the specific algorithm of the digital integrated calculating and controlling unit 7 about the ratio of the hypoxia air circuit and the air is,
wherein,
a: oxygen concentration output by low oxygen gas path
k: oxygen concentration of air
x: low oxygen gas path opening time in one period
z%: the oxygen concentration.
The oxygen concentration is controlled according to an incremental PID formula, specifically,
PID＝U k +K P *[E(k)-E(k-1)]+K I *E(k)+K D *[E(k)-2E(k-1)+E(k-2)]
wherein,
PID: control quantity at next moment
U k : current time control quantity (PID)
K P : current proportional control coefficient
K I : current integral control coefficient
K D : current differential control coefficient
E (k): current error
E (k-1): error of previous time
E (k-2): the first two time errors.
An active dynamic performance testing system for hypoxia tolerance, the air path is: the external air enters the first pressure reducing valve after entering the gas generating unit, then the external air is divided into two parts, one part directly enters the electromagnetic valve 1, the other part enters the electromagnetic valve 1 after passing through the hypoxia gas circuit unit, the electromagnetic valve 1 mixes the two parts of gas and then conveys the gas to the second pressure reducing valve, and finally the gas is conveyed to the breathing mask 2 by the second pressure reducing valve.
Example 1
S1: collecting oxygen concentration values corresponding to various altitudes, as shown in table 1;
table 1 is a parameter table of oxygen concentration corresponding to each altitude:
s2: by consulting the data, the oxygen required by human body per hour is 21L, under the condition of 6 kg pressure and 8mm inner diameter of the pipeline (neglecting the pressure loss in the pipeline), the oxygen is obtained according to the formula
And calculating to obtain specific resistance s, wherein D is the diameter of the pipeline, and n is the roughness of the inner wall of the pipeline.
Then according to the formula
The tube flow Q can be determined, where P is the gas pressure (0.6 mpa for 6 kg), ρ is the gas density, s is the specific resistance, and L is the tube length.
Through repeated verification, the air source output by the breathing mask of the system can stably provide enough oxygen for human body training and testing.
S3: inputting a preset output gas oxygen concentration wave function.
S4: because the signals collected by each sensor of the lower computer are discrete, the discrete signals are continuous by the upper computer, and the control period is adjusted to be 500 milliseconds, so that the Shannon sampling theorem is met;
the upper computer selects an event trigger mode, waits for data information of the lower computer, receives data and calculates duty ratios of an air gas circuit and a low-oxygen gas circuit which need to be controlled from the electromagnetic valve.
S5: and after calculation, the upper computer inputs an action command into the electromagnetic valve, changes the duty ratio of the electromagnetic valve and realizes the tracking change of the output gas oxygen concentration to the input waveform.
Therefore, the active testing system for the dynamic performance of the low-oxygen tolerance capability adopts the structure, uses incremental PID control, adopts gas flow as control quantity, adjusts the flow ratio of the low-oxygen gas path and the air gas path, and realizes the control of the oxygen content of the output gas.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. An active dynamic performance testing system for hypoxia tolerance, comprising: the device comprises an environment monitoring unit, a gas generating unit, a hypoxia gas circuit unit, an electromagnetic valve, a digital integrated calculation and control unit, a breathing mask and a physiological detection unit, wherein the gas generating unit is communicated with the hypoxia gas circuit unit and the electromagnetic valve through a first pressure reducing valve;
the environment monitoring unit is located before the gas generation unit, a first oxygen concentration sensor and a humidity sensor of the environment monitoring unit are connected with the digital integrated calculation and control unit.
2. The active low oxygen tolerance test system according to claim 1, wherein: and an air compressor of the gas generation unit is communicated with a gas filtering device, and the gas filtering device is communicated with the first pressure reducing valve.
3. The active low oxygen tolerance test system according to claim 2, wherein: and a second oxygen sensor is arranged between the gas filtering device and the first pressure reducing valve, and the first pressure reducing valve is communicated with a first valve of the electromagnetic valve.
4. The active low oxygen tolerance test system according to claim 1, wherein: and a first pressure sensor is arranged between the nitrogen-making molecular sieve of the low-oxygen gas path unit and the flow regulating valve, the nitrogen-making molecular sieve is respectively communicated with the first pressure reducing valve and the flow regulating valve, and the flow regulating valve is communicated with a second valve of the electromagnetic valve through the first flow sensor.
5. The active low oxygen tolerance testing system according to claim 1, wherein: and a third oxygen concentration sensor and a second pressure sensor are arranged between the second pressure reducing valve and the breathing mask.
6. The active low oxygen tolerance testing system according to claim 1, wherein: the gas generating unit, hypoxemia gas circuit unit the solenoid valve with by the hose intercommunication between the respirator, the hose is inside to be equipped with spiral damping structure.
7. The active low oxygen tolerance test system according to claim 2, wherein: the box top and the lateral wall of the active test system are provided with heat dissipation holes, the upper portion of the box is provided with a heat dissipation fan communicated with the heat dissipation holes at the top, and damping sponge is arranged around the air compressor at the bottom of the box.
8. The active low oxygen tolerance testing system according to claim 1, wherein: the digital integrated calculating and controlling unit collects and analyzes signals of all sensors and finally controls the oxygen concentration of the breathing mask by controlling the opening and closing period of the electromagnetic valve;
the specific algorithm of the digital integrated calculating and controlling unit for the matching of the hypoxia air circuit and the air circuit is that,
wherein,
a: oxygen concentration output by low oxygen gas path
k: oxygen concentration of air
x: low oxygen gas path opening time in one period
z%: the oxygen concentration;
the oxygen concentration is controlled according to an incremental PID formula, specifically,
PID＝U k +K p *[E(k)-E(k-1)]+K I *E+K D *[E(k)-2E(k-1)+E(k-2)]
wherein,
PID: control quantity at next moment
U k : current time control quantity (PID)
K P : current proportional control coefficient
K I : current integral control coefficient
K D : when in useFront differential control coefficient
E (k): current error
E (k-1): error of previous time
E (k-2): the first two time errors.
9. The active low oxygen tolerance dynamic performance testing system of claim 1, wherein the air path is: the external air enters the first pressure reducing valve after entering the gas generating unit, then the external air is divided into two parts, one part directly enters the electromagnetic valve, the other part enters the electromagnetic valve after passing through the hypoxia air circuit unit, and the electromagnetic valve mixes and conveys the two parts of gas to the second pressure reducing valve and finally conveys the gas to the breathing mask by the second pressure reducing valve.
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| CN113209583A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-06 | 合肥恒诚智能技术有限公司 | Intelligent hypoxia health care system based on physical training |
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