CN114747578A - Swab capable of increasing cigar wrapper proportion of cigar tobacco leaves and using method - Google Patents
Swab capable of increasing cigar wrapper proportion of cigar tobacco leaves and using method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114747578A CN114747578A CN202210436224.1A CN202210436224A CN114747578A CN 114747578 A CN114747578 A CN 114747578A CN 202210436224 A CN202210436224 A CN 202210436224A CN 114747578 A CN114747578 A CN 114747578A
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- Prior art keywords
- cigar
- swab
- leaves
- proportion
- tobacco leaves
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- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 235000019506 cigar Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaleneacetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- JTEDVYBZBROSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-butyric acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCCC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 JTEDVYBZBROSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 244000061458 Solanum melongena Species 0.000 claims description 35
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920005552 sodium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004050 aminobenzoic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940124543 ultraviolet light absorber Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000233874 Cuphea platycentra Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002816 potassium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/45—Tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/34—Shaped forms, e.g. sheets, not provided for in any other sub-group of this main group
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
Abstract
The invention discloses a swab capable of improving the cigar wrapper proportion of cigar tobacco leaves and a using method thereof, belonging to the field of tobacco planting, and comprising a stick soaked in a mixture, wherein the mixture comprises an organic solvent, a base agent and a variable agent, the base agent comprises an emulsifier OP-10 and an ultraviolet absorber, and the variable agent comprises one or more of gibberellin, naphthylacetic acid and indolebutyric acid; the cigar shading cultivation needs to invest a large amount of manpower and material resources, and the use of the swab for processing can reduce field operation and cost investment, so that the income of cigar planters is obviously increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tobacco planting, and particularly relates to a swab capable of increasing the proportion of cigar wrappers of cigar leaves and a using method of the swab.
Background
A typical characteristic of cigars is the need for shade cultivation compared to ordinary flue-cured tobacco. The production of the eggplant clothes needs shading, and the production proportion of the eggplant clothes is lower under the condition of not shading. The shading can reduce the total radiant quantity reaching the ground surface and scatter light, so that the blades can avoid strong illumination, more uniform and mild illumination can be obtained, the moisture and the air temperature of the ground surface layer can be improved, and a new microenvironment can be formed. The influence on the growth and development of eggplant coat is mainly shown by stem thinning and leaf thinning. In most eggplant clothing production areas in the world, in order to obtain high-quality eggplant clothing, a sunshade net is built in a field for shading properly in the whole growth period. However, the eggplant shading cultivation needs a large amount of manpower and material resources, the investment per mu is up to 5000-.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a swab capable of improving the proportion of the cigar coat of the cigar tobacco and a using method thereof, which are used for replacing cigar shading cultivation, so that the field operation is simple and the production cost is reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a swab for increasing the proportion of the eggplant coat of cigar leaves comprises a swab soaked in a mixture comprising an organic solvent, a base and a variable agent, wherein the base comprises an emulsifier OP-10 and an ultraviolet light absorber, and the variable agent comprises one or more of gibberellin, naphthylacetic acid and indolebutyric acid.
Further, the ratio of the organic solvent to the base agent to the variable agent is 10: 3: 1.
further, the ultraviolet absorber includes one or more of sodium lignosulfonate and p-aminobenzoic acid.
Further, the head of the wooden stick is wrapped by a sponge layer, and the sponge layer is bonded with the wooden stick.
Further, selecting cigar topping, removing footing leaves, leaving 18-20 leaves for each plant, obliquely inserting a swab between inverted 2 and inverted 3 leaves of the cigar plant, releasing and transmitting the base agent to the leaves, absorbing and consuming ultraviolet rays, and reducing the influence of the ultraviolet rays on the thickness of the leaves on the same day as the cigar topping; the variable agent is used for controlling the area and thickness of the cigar tobacco leaves, so that the leaf area is increased, and the leaf thickness is reduced.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
s1, solution preparation: using ethanol as an organic solvent, adding an emulsifier OP-10 and an ultraviolet absorber as basic agents into the solvent, and then mixing and adding a variable agent to fix the volume of the solution to 500 ml;
s2, impregnating wood sticks: immersing the wood sticks into the solution with constant volume, taking out the wood sticks after immersion and drying the wood sticks;
s3, cigar tobacco treatment: on the day of topping the cigar, removing the bottom leaves of the cigar, reserving 14-19 pieces of swabs obliquely inserted between the inverted 2 leaves and the inverted 3 leaves.
Further, two wood sticks are taken and are crosswise tied by using the rubber band, the rubber band keeps a loose state in the tying process, and the wood stick sponge layers tied together after being dried are close to each other.
Further, the variable agent in the S1 comprises one or two of 0.1-5 g of naphthylacetic acid, 0.1-5 g of indolebutyric acid and 0.1-5 g of gibberellin.
Further, the quantitative solvent in S1 comprises five to twenty milliliters of emulsifier OP-10 and 0.1 to 0.5 gram of ultraviolet absorber.
Further, the drying method of the wooden sticks in S2 includes natural drying or drying in an air blower.
After the scheme is adopted, the following beneficial effects are realized: the method can replace the shading cultivation of the cigars, improve the yield ratio of the cigar wrappers and the cigar cores of the cigar wrappers, improve the physical characteristics of the cigar wrappers and increase the usability of the cigar wrappers; the cigar shading cultivation needs to invest a large amount of manpower and material resources, and the use of the swab for processing can reduce the field operation and cost investment, so that the income of cigar planters is obviously improved.
This technical scheme can insert the wood after the cross to the tobacco leaf to one side when using, and the sponge can be shrivelled because the wood of having the sponge layer is done the drying process back sponge this moment, keeps routine maintenance after inserting cigar tobacco leaf to one side. In the routine maintenance process (for example watering operation or rainfall because of weather reason production), the sponge layer turns into the filling state from the shrivelled state gradually because of the water absorption effect this moment, and liquid medicine flows out gradually under the sponge layer filling state, promotes the utilization ratio of liquid medicine.
For promoting the prior art of liquid medicine utilization ratio, sponge layer can be sufficient gradually along with the time lapse among this technical scheme, the sponge layer of shrivelled this moment can expand, thereby make conflict each other between the adjacent sponge layer, at this moment owing to keep the lax state at the ligature in-process rubber band, consequently interval between the wooden stick can crescent, because the cigar tobacco leaf is oval-shaped semiarc, after the wooden stick interval crescent, cigar tobacco leaf landing can be followed, consequently whether there is the wooden stick on the operating personnel observation ground in the routine maintenance process, thereby realize the operation of changing the wooden stick (wood stick live time overlength promptly, thereby judge the time that the liquid medicine used, avoid the growth that influences the tobacco leaf after the liquid medicine exhausts).
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
detailed description of the preferred embodiment 1
A swab for increasing the ratio of cigar wrapper to cigar tobacco leaf comprises
1) Treatment 1: weighing 1g of naphthylacetic acid, 0.5g of indolebutyric acid and 0.1g of sodium lignosulphonate, and dissolving in an ethanol solution; weighing 8ml of emulsifier OP-10, adding the emulsifier OP-10 into the ethanol to a constant volume of 500ml, immersing the wood sticks into the prepared solvent for 10 minutes, taking out the wood sticks after soaking, and naturally airing the wood sticks or drying the wood sticks in an air blower. Sealing the swab, storing in dry shade and dark place, and refrigerating the unused solution at 4 deg.C.
2) And (3) treatment 2: weighing 1g of naphthylacetic acid, 0.5g of gibberellin and 0.1g of sodium lignosulphonate, and dissolving in an ethanol solution; weighing 8ml of emulsifier OP-10, adding the emulsifier OP-10 into the ethanol to a constant volume of 500ml, immersing the wood sticks into the prepared solvent for 10 minutes, taking out the wood sticks after soaking, and naturally airing the wood sticks or drying the wood sticks in an air blower. Sealing the swab, storing in dry shade and dark place, and refrigerating the unused solution at 4 deg.C.
3) And (3) treatment: weighing 1g of indolebutyric acid, 0.5g of gibberellin and 0.1g of sodium lignosulphonate, and dissolving in an ethanol solution; weighing 8ml of emulsifier OP-10, adding the emulsifier OP-10 into the ethanol to a constant volume of 500ml, immersing the wood sticks into the prepared solvent for 10 minutes, taking out the wood sticks after soaking, and naturally airing the wood sticks or drying the wood sticks in an air blower. Sealing the swab, storing in dry shade and dark place, and refrigerating the unused solution at 4 deg.C.
4) And (4) treatment: weighing 0.5g of indolebutyric acid, 0.5g of gibberellin, 0.5g of naphthylacetic acid and 0.1g of sodium lignosulphonate, and dissolving in an ethanol solution; weighing 8ml of emulsifier OP-10, adding the emulsifier OP-10 into the ethanol to a constant volume of 500ml, immersing the wood sticks into the prepared solvent for 10 minutes, taking out the wood sticks after soaking, and naturally airing the wood sticks or drying the wood sticks in an air blower. Sealing the swab, storing in dry shade and dark place, and refrigerating the unused solution at 4 deg.C.
5) Comparison: weighing 0.1g of sodium lignosulfonate, dissolving in an ethanol solution, weighing 8ml of emulsifier OP-10, adding into the ethanol to a constant volume of 500ml, immersing the wood stick in the prepared solvent for 10 minutes, taking out after immersion, and naturally airing or drying in an air blower. And sealing the swab and storing the sealed swab in a dry, shady and shady place.
6) And (4) treatment 5: after the tobacco seedlings are transplanted, 10-20 days before the vigorous growth period, shading cultivation is carried out on 10 tobacco seedlings by using the thin cotton yarns.
7) On the day of topping cigars (eggplant coat variety XX-1), 50 tobacco plants with uniform growth vigor are selected, averagely divided into 5 groups, 17-19 leaves are uniformly left, the tobacco plants are treated by the 5 swabs, and the treatment method comprises the following steps: a swab is obliquely inserted upwards between the inverted 2 and the inverted 3 leaves. And (4) starting to collect and air-cure tobacco leaves about 15 days after treatment, hanging one rod for each treatment, collecting 2 pieces for each time every 5-7 days, and hanging the rods for air-curing. And then, sorting the aired tobacco leaves in a grading manner, selecting the tobacco leaves capable of being used as eggplant coats, performing fermentation treatment, and measuring the appearance quality, physical indexes, sensory quality and chemical components of the eggplant coat tobacco leaves after fermentation.
Specific example 2
1) Treatment 1: weighing 1g of naphthylacetic acid, 0.5g of indolebutyric acid and 0.1g of sodium lignosulphonate, and dissolving in an ethanol solution; weighing 8ml of emulsifier OP-10, adding the emulsifier OP-10 into the ethanol to a constant volume of 500ml, immersing the wood sticks into the prepared solvent for 10 minutes, taking out the wood sticks after soaking, and naturally airing the wood sticks or drying the wood sticks in an air blower. Sealing the swab, storing in dry shade and dark place, and refrigerating the unused solution at 4 deg.C.
2) And (3) treatment 2: weighing 1g of naphthylacetic acid, 0.5g of gibberellin and 0.1g of sodium lignosulphonate, and dissolving in an ethanol solution; weighing 8ml of emulsifier OP-10, adding into the ethanol to reach a constant volume of 500ml, immersing the wood stick into the prepared solvent for 10 minutes, taking out after immersion, and naturally airing, or drying in an air blower. Sealing the swab, storing in dry shade and dark place, and refrigerating the unused solution at 4 deg.C.
3) And (3) treatment: weighing 1g of indolebutyric acid, 0.5g of gibberellin and 0.1g of sodium lignosulphonate, and dissolving in an ethanol solution; weighing 8ml of emulsifier OP-10, adding the emulsifier OP-10 into the ethanol to a constant volume of 500ml, immersing the wood sticks into the prepared solvent for 10 minutes, taking out the wood sticks after soaking, and naturally airing the wood sticks or drying the wood sticks in an air blower. Sealing the swab, storing in dry shade and dark place, and refrigerating the unused solution at 4 deg.C.
4) And (4) treatment: weighing 0.5g of indolebutyric acid, 0.5g of gibberellin, 0.5g of naphthylacetic acid and 0.1g of sodium lignosulphonate, and dissolving in an ethanol solution; weighing 8ml of emulsifier OP-10, adding the emulsifier OP-10 into the ethanol to a constant volume of 500ml, immersing the wood sticks into the prepared solvent for 10 minutes, taking out the wood sticks after soaking, and naturally airing the wood sticks or drying the wood sticks in an air blower. Sealing the swab, storing in dry shade and dark place, and refrigerating the unused solution at 4 deg.C.
5) Comparison: weighing 0.1g of sodium lignosulfonate, dissolving in an ethanol solution, weighing 8ml of an emulsifier OP-10, adding into the ethanol to a constant volume of 500ml, immersing the wood stick in the prepared solvent for 10 minutes, taking out after immersion, and naturally airing or drying in an air blower. And sealing the swab and storing the sealed swab in a dry, shady and shady place.
6) And (4) treatment 5: after the tobacco seedlings are transplanted, 10-20 days before the vigorous growth period, shading cultivation is carried out on 10 tobacco seedlings by using the thin cotton yarns.
7) On the day of topping cigars (cigar core variety XX-9), selecting 50 tobacco plants with uniform growth vigor, averagely dividing into 5 groups and listing, uniformly leaving 17-19 leaves, and treating the tobacco plants by using the 5 swabs, wherein the treatment method comprises the following steps: a swab is obliquely inserted upwards between the inverted 2 and the inverted 3 leaves. And (4) starting to collect and air-cure tobacco leaves about 15 days after treatment, hanging one rod for each treatment, collecting 2 pieces for each time every 5-7 days, and hanging the rods for air-curing. And then, sorting the aired tobacco leaves in a grading manner, selecting the tobacco leaves capable of being used as eggplant coats, counting the number of the tobacco leaves, performing fermentation treatment, and measuring the appearance quality, physical indexes, chemical components and sensory quality of the eggplant coat tobacco leaves after fermentation.
The test result shows that:
firstly, the number of the eggplant-coated tobacco leaves produced by the cigars processed by different swabs is respectively counted, and the result is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 tobacco plant number of eggplant skins produced using the swab of the present invention
| Treatment of | Variety of (IV) C | Eggplant clothes tobacco proportion (%) |
| Process 1 | xx-1 | 13.61 |
| Treatment 2 | xx-1 | 13.27 |
| Treatment 3 | xx-1 | 13.94 |
| Treatment 4 | xx-1 | 16.13 |
| Treatment 5 (shading) | xx-1 | 19.87 |
| Control | xx-1 | 7.45 |
| Process 1 | xx-9 | 5.28 |
| Treatment 2 | xx-9 | 5.52 |
| Treatment 3 | xx-9 | 5.64 |
| Treatment 4 | xx-9 | 5.88 |
| Treatment 5 (shading) | xx-9 | 8.69 |
| Control | xx-9 | 2.99 |
As can be seen from the table 1, the swab provided by the invention can obviously improve the output quantity of eggplant-coated tobacco leaves, and has a remarkable effect on improving the proportional output of the eggplant-coated tobacco leaves although the effect is slightly poor compared with that of shade cultivation.
Secondly, the appearance quality of the 12 processed tobacco leaves is detected, and the result is shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 appearance quality inspection of each processed tobacco
The appearance quality of the eggplant is not only an important basis for grading tobacco leaves, but also directly influences the quality and grade of cigar products, so that the requirements of the eggplant on the appearance quality are nearly perfect, and the high-quality eggplant-coated tobacco leaves are required to have moderate leaf size, wider leaf shape, fine and non-protruding leaf vein, thin and good leaf completeness, no spots or holes, fine and dense tissue and uniform color. As shown in Table 2, the treated tobacco leaves have a dense tissue leaf structure, a thin identity and a thin branch, and the changes can make the tobacco leaves better become the raw material of the eggplant coat, compared with the control group; the difference between the tobacco leaves treated by the swabs and the shading treatment is not obvious. The same effect can still be achieved by using the swab.
Thirdly, detecting the physical indexes of the 12 processed eggplant-coated tobacco leaves, as shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 detection of physical indexes of each processed tobacco
| Treatment of | Variety of the same | Thickness (mm) | Leaf area Density (g/m)2) | tension/N | Cut-off content% | Balance water content/% |
| Process 1 | xx-1 | 0.069 | 31.49 | 81 | 18.1 | 11.54 |
| Treatment 2 | xx-1 | 0.066 | 30.14 | 83 | 17.9 | 11.36 |
| Treatment 3 | xx-1 | 0.069 | 30.59 | 80 | 18.2 | 11.78 |
| Treatment 4 | xx-1 | 0.063 | 29.69 | 85 | 17.1 | 11.15 |
| Treatment 5 (shading) | xx-1 | 0.060 | 28.74 | 84 | 16.5 | 11.21 |
| Control | xx-1 | 0.084 | 34.19 | 70 | 20.4 | 12.28 |
| Process 1 | xx-9 | 0.069 | 31.49 | 78 | 17.7 | 11.45 |
| Treatment 2 | xx-9 | 0.072 | 31.04 | 75 | 17.9 | 11.38 |
| Treatment 3 | xx-9 | 0.066 | 31.04 | 76 | 18.1 | 11.56 |
| Treatment 4 | xx-9 | 0.066 | 30.59 | 80 | 17.5 | 11.30 |
| Treatment 5 (shading) | xx-9 | 0.063 | 29.36 | 82 | 16.4 | 11.15 |
| Control | xx-9 | 0.084 | 33.74 | 70 | 20.4 | 12.25 |
The physical properties of eggplant have an important influence on its usability in products. The high-quality eggplant clothes are thin tobacco leaves, the thickness of the tobacco leaves is generally within 0.1mm, the tobacco leaves are good in elasticity and strong in pulling resistance, and as can be seen from the table 3, the processed tobacco leaves are obviously thinner than a control group, but have a certain difference with the high-quality eggplant clothes; the leaf surface density and the tensile force of the treated tobacco leaves are obviously greater than those of the control group; the stem content of the processed tobacco leaves is obviously lower than that of a control group; the difference between the tobacco leaves processed by the swabs and the tobacco leaves processed by shading is not very large.
Fourthly, the chemical components of 12 processed eggplant-coated tobacco leaves are detected, and the chemical components are shown in table 4:
TABLE 4 detection of chemical composition of tobacco leaves treated
Generally, the nicotine content of high-quality eggplant is 1-2%, the total nitrogen content is 4-6%, the nitrogen-base ratio is about 2-3, the chloride ion content is below 0.3-0.8%, and the potassium-chloride ratio is 4-10. As can be seen from Table 4, the difference of the chemical components of the tobacco leaves subjected to swab processing, control group and shade cultivation is basically small, which shows that the chemical components of the tobacco leaves are not adversely affected by using the swabs of the invention. Fifthly, the sensory quality of 12 processed eggplant-coated tobacco leaves is detected, and the sensory quality is shown in table 5:
TABLE 5 sensory quality test of the treated tobacco leaves
As can be seen from Table 5, the difference of each index of the tobacco leaves subjected to swab processing, control group and shade cultivation is small, which shows that the sensory quality of the tobacco leaves is slightly influenced by using the swab of the invention.
Sixthly, comparing the cost of the swab and shading treatment, as shown in the table 6:
| comparison index | Swab | Shade-shading cultivation |
| Using materials | 133.7 yuan/mu | 1916.5/mu |
| Labor cost | 300 yuan/mu | 300/mu |
| Total up to | 433.7 yuan/mu | 2216.5 yuan/mu |
As is clear from table 6, the swabs are similar to those of the shade culture in labor cost, but are much smaller in material cost, which leads to a reduction in cost.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment
This technical scheme lies in the wooden stick head parcel sponge layer with the difference of above-mentioned scheme, and the sponge layer bonds with the wooden stick, takes two wooden sticks when inserting the tobacco leaf to one side and utilizes rubber band cross binding, and the rubber band keeps lax state at the binding in-process, and the wooden stick sponge layer that the binding was in the same place after the drying is close to each other.
According to the technical scheme, the crossed wood sticks can be obliquely inserted into the tobacco leaves, and at the moment, the sponge can be shriveled after the wood sticks with the sponge layers are dried, so that the daily maintenance is kept after the cigar tobacco leaves are obliquely inserted. In the routine maintenance process (for example watering operation or rainfall because of weather reason production), the sponge layer turns into the filling state from the shrivelled state gradually because of the water absorption effect this moment, and liquid medicine flows out gradually under the sponge layer filling state, promotes the utilization ratio of liquid medicine.
For promoting the prior art of liquid medicine utilization ratio, sponge layer can be sufficient gradually along with the time lapse among this technical scheme, shrivelled sponge layer can expand this moment, thereby make conflict each other between the adjacent sponge layer, at this moment owing to keep lax state at the ligature in-process rubber band, consequently, interval between the wooden stick can crescent, because cigar tobacco leaf is oval semiarc shape, after the wooden stick interval crescent, cigar tobacco leaf landing can be followed, consequently, whether there is the wooden stick on the operating personnel observation ground when the routine maintenance in-process, thereby realize the operation of changing the wooden stick (wood stick live time overlength promptly, thereby judge the time that the liquid medicine used, avoid influencing the growth of tobacco leaf after the liquid medicine exhausts).
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention, and common general knowledge in the field of known specific structures and characteristics is not described herein in any greater extent than that known in the art at the filing date or prior to the priority date of the application, so that those skilled in the art can now appreciate that all of the above-described techniques in this field and have the ability to apply routine experimentation before this date can be combined with one or more of the present teachings to complete and implement the present invention, and that certain typical known structures or known methods do not pose any impediments to the implementation of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be defined by the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A swab capable of improving the proportion of cigar coat of cigar tobacco leaves is characterized in that: comprises a wood stick soaked into a mixture, the mixture comprises an organic solvent, a base agent and a variable agent, the base agent comprises an emulsifier OP-10 and an ultraviolet light absorber, and the variable agent comprises one or more of gibberellin, naphthylacetic acid and indolebutyric acid.
2. The swab capable of increasing the proportion of the cigar coat of a cigar tobacco according to claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the organic solvent to the base agent to the variable agent is 10: 3: 1.
3. the swab capable of increasing the eggplant coat proportion of the cigar tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the ultraviolet absorbent comprises one or more of sodium lignosulfonate and p-aminobenzoic acid.
4. The swab capable of increasing the proportion of the cigar coat of a cigar tobacco according to claim 1, wherein: the head of the wooden stick is wrapped by the sponge layer, and the sponge layer is bonded with the wooden stick.
5. The use method of the swab capable of improving the eggplant coat proportion of the cigar tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 1, wherein the swab is characterized in that: the method comprises selecting cigar topping day, removing footing leaf, leaving 18-20 leaves for each plant, obliquely inserting wood stick between inverted 2 and inverted 3 leaves of tobacco plant, releasing and transmitting base agent to the leaves, absorbing and consuming ultraviolet rays, and reducing influence of ultraviolet rays on leaf thickness; the variable agent is used for controlling the area and thickness of the cigar tobacco leaves, so that the leaf area is increased, and the leaf thickness is reduced.
6. The swab capable of improving the eggplant coat proportion of the cigar tobacco leaves and the using method of the swab as claimed in claim 4, wherein the swab is characterized in that: further comprising the steps of:
s1, solution preparation: using ethanol as an organic solvent, adding an emulsifier OP-10 and an ultraviolet absorber as basic agents into the solvent, and then mixing and adding a variable agent to fix the volume of the solution to 500 ml;
s2, impregnating wood sticks: immersing the wood sticks into the solution with constant volume, taking out the wood sticks after immersion and drying the wood sticks;
s3, cigar tobacco treatment: on the day of topping the cigar, removing the bottom leaves of the cigar, reserving 14-19 pieces of swabs obliquely inserted between the inverted 2 leaves and the inverted 3 leaves.
7. The use method of the swab capable of increasing the eggplant coat proportion of the cigar tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 5, wherein the swab is characterized in that: taking two sticks and utilizing the rubber band to perform cross binding, wherein the rubber band keeps a loose state in the binding process, and the sponge layers of the sticks bound together are close to each other after drying.
8. The use method of the swab capable of improving the eggplant coat proportion of the cigar tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 5, wherein the swab is characterized in that: the variable agent in the S1 comprises one or two of 0.1-5 g of naphthylacetic acid, 0.1-5 g of indolebutyric acid and 0.1-5 g of gibberellin.
9. The use method of the swab capable of improving the eggplant coat proportion of the cigar tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 6, wherein the swab is characterized in that: the quantitative compatibilizer in the S1 comprises five to twenty milliliters of emulsifier OP-10 and 0.1 to 0.5 gram of ultraviolet absorber.
10. The use method of the swab capable of improving the eggplant coat proportion of the cigar tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 6, wherein the swab is characterized in that: the wood stick drying method in the S2 comprises natural airing or drying in an air blower.
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