CN114744229A

CN114744229A - Fuel cell module, fuel cell system, fuel cell power system, and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN114744229A
Application number: CN202210300564.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋文彬; 覃博文; 王慧; 周俊
Original assignee: Dongfeng Motor Corp
Current assignee: Dongfeng Motor Corp
Priority date: 2022-03-25
Filing date: 2022-03-25
Publication date: 2022-07-12
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-25
Also published as: CN114744229B

Abstract

The application discloses a fuel cell module, a fuel cell system, a fuel cell power system and a vehicle, which solve the technical problems of low power and poor reliability of the conventional fuel cell. The fuel cell module adopts a multi-stack integration scheme, the plurality of stacks are arranged along the direction parallel to the short side of the bipolar plate in the stacks, the arrangement mode enables the whole fuel cell module to form a cube with similar sizes, the influence of overlong single size of the fuel cell module on the arrangement of the fuel cell module on the whole vehicle is avoided, and the fuel cell module with the cube structure has stronger strength in each direction and higher reliability. In the fuel cell module that this application provided, the positive pole orientation of membrane electrode is the same in each galvanic pile, and all towards inlet end or cecum, adopts the arrangement of low-voltage circuit such as the arrangement of this structure manifold subassembly of being convenient for, voltage patrol and examine, reduces the complexity of whole fuel cell module inner structure, is favorable to improving the volume power density.

Description

Fuel cell module, fuel cell system, fuel cell power system, and vehicle

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a fuel cell module, a fuel cell system, a fuel cell power system and a vehicle.

Background

The fuel cell electric automobile is considered to be one of the most important development technical routes of new energy automobiles due to the advantages of long driving range, convenience in fuel filling, performance similar to that of the traditional automobile and the like.

The electric pile is a place where electrochemical reaction occurs, is also a core part of a fuel cell power system, and is formed by stacking and combining a plurality of single cells in series. And alternately superposing the bipolar plates and the membrane electrode, embedding a sealing element between each monomer, and tightly pressing the monomers by an air inlet end plate and a blind end plate and then fastening and fastening the monomers by a fastening piece to form the fuel cell stack. When the electric pile works, hydrogen and oxygen are respectively introduced from the inlet, distributed to the bipolar plates of the monocells through the main gas channel of the electric pile, uniformly distributed to the membrane electrode through the diversion of the bipolar plates, and contacted with the catalyst through the membrane electrode support body to carry out electrochemical reaction.

The number of individual cells connected in series by a single stack is limited, because when stacking, once a certain number is exceeded, the following problems arise: 1) the air distribution is uneven, so that the last batteries are not fully utilized; 2) the single battery is inconsistent, so that the voltage deviation of the single battery is overlarge; 3) uneven heat dissipation results in overheating of the middle single cell.

Therefore, the current fuel cell has the technical problems of low power and poor reliability.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a fuel cell module and a vehicle, which adopt a scheme of integrating a plurality of electric piles, and form a high-power fuel cell by a plurality of electric piles with lower power, and the electric piles have high reliability.

The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the application is that the fuel cell module comprises more than two galvanic piles which are arranged in parallel to the direction of the short side of a bipolar plate in the galvanic piles; the anodes of the membrane electrodes in the two or more galvanic piles face the same direction and face the air inlet end or the blind end.

Optionally, the bipolar plates of the two or more stacks have a horizontal direction projection component, and the stacking direction of the bipolar plates has a vertical direction projection component.

Optionally, the two or more galvanic piles are arranged in a posture that the bipolar plates are parallel to the horizontal plane and the stacking direction of the bipolar plates is parallel to the vertical direction.

Optionally, the bipolar plates of the two or more stacks have a vertical direction projection component, and the stacking direction of the bipolar plates has a horizontal direction projection component.

Optionally, the two or more galvanic piles are arranged in a posture that the long side of the bipolar plate is parallel to the vertical direction and the stacking direction of the bipolar plate is parallel to the horizontal direction.

Optionally, the gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode is made of a hydrophobic material, and the outer surface of the bipolar plate is provided with a hydrophobic coating.

Optionally, the contact angle of the hydrophobic coating of the bipolar plate is smaller than the contact angle of the gas diffusion layer.

Optionally, the fuel cell module further includes:

a housing provided with a mounting cavity;

the high-voltage assembly comprises a copper bar assembly and an output terminal, the copper bar assembly is used for connecting output electrodes of the more than two galvanic piles in series, the output terminal is electrically connected with the copper bar assembly, the copper bar assembly is arranged in the mounting cavity, and the output terminal is mounted on the shell in a penetrating manner;

the gas distribution assembly is communicated with the gas inlet end plates of the more than two electric piles, and is arranged in the mounting cavity or positioned outside the shell;

and the voltage inspection device is electrically connected with the bipolar plates of the two or more galvanic piles, and is arranged in the mounting cavity or positioned outside the shell.

Optionally, the output terminal includes a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal; the copper bar assembly connects the output electrodes of the two or more galvanic piles in series and forms a positive electrode connecting part and a negative electrode connecting part.

Optionally, the high-voltage assembly further includes a positive electrode connecting piece and a negative electrode connecting piece, the positive electrode output terminal is connected to the positive electrode connecting part through the positive electrode connecting piece, and the positive electrode connecting piece and the positive electrode output terminal are arranged at an angle; the negative electrode output terminal is connected with the negative electrode connecting part through the negative electrode connecting piece, and the negative electrode connecting piece and the negative electrode output terminal are arranged at an angle.

Optionally, the air distribution assembly includes a first air distribution unit and a second air distribution unit; the first air distribution unit and the second air distribution unit respectively comprise more than two distribution manifolds and air distribution manifold flanges for butting fluid inlets and fluid outlets;

the distribution manifold comprises a main pipeline and more than two branch pipelines which are communicated, each branch pipeline is arranged at an angle with the corresponding main pipeline, and each branch pipeline is communicated with the gas distribution manifold flange.

Optionally, along the axial direction of the main pipeline, the cross-sectional area of the main pipeline decreases from the opening of the main pipeline to the tail end of the main pipeline; the cross section area of the main pipeline is larger than that of the corresponding branch pipeline.

Optionally, the main pipes of the two or more distribution manifolds in the first air distribution unit/the second air distribution unit are parallel to each other, the branch pipes of the two or more distribution manifolds are arranged at an angle to each other, and the branch pipes of the same distribution manifold are parallel to each other and have the same shape.

Optionally, the distribution manifold flange is provided with flow guide channels with the same number as the branch pipelines; the cross section of the flow guide channel is in a shape which is similar to the shape of a fluid inlet and outlet of an air inlet end plate of the electric pile.

Optionally, a seal groove is formed in the gas distribution manifold flange, and the seal groove is arranged around an opening of the flow guide channel, which is similar to the fluid inlet and outlet of the gas inlet end plate of the galvanic pile in shape.

Optionally, the two or more galvanic piles are arranged in a posture that the bipolar plates are parallel to the horizontal plane and the stacking direction of the bipolar plates is parallel to the vertical direction; the dead end plates of the two or more galvanic piles are positioned above the corresponding air inlet end plates, and the air distribution assembly is arranged on the bottom surfaces of the air inlet end plates of the two or more galvanic piles;

the first gas distribution unit and the second gas distribution unit are provided with three distribution manifolds, wherein:

the distribution manifold for circulating the cooling medium is arranged to have a vertical direction projection component;

the distribution manifold for flowing the oxidizing medium is arranged to have a horizontal direction projection component;

the distribution manifold for circulating the reducing agent is provided to have a horizontal direction projection component and a vertical direction projection component, and the main pipe of the distribution manifold for flowing the reducing agent into the cell stack has two openings.

Optionally, the two or more galvanic piles are arranged in a posture that the long side of the bipolar plate is parallel to the vertical direction and the stacking direction of the bipolar plate is parallel to the horizontal direction; the dead end plates, the air inlet end plates and the air distribution assembly of the more than two galvanic piles are arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction;

the distribution manifold for circulating the cooling medium is arranged to have a horizontal direction projection component;

the distribution manifold for the flow of the oxidizing medium is arranged to have a vertical direction projection component;

Optionally, the gas distribution assembly is arranged in the mounting cavity, and a gas distribution manifold flange of the gas distribution assembly is in butt joint with and communicated with the gas inlet end plates of the two or more galvanic piles;

or the air distribution assembly is arranged outside the shell, an insert with a runner is arranged on the shell, and an air distribution manifold flange of the air distribution assembly, the insert and an air inlet end plate of the electric pile are sequentially butted and communicated.

Optionally, the voltage inspection device is arranged in the installation cavity and fixed between the air inlet end plate and the blind end plate of one of the electric piles; the length direction of the voltage inspection device is parallel to the stacking direction of the bipolar plates of the galvanic pile.

Optionally, the voltage inspection device is connected to one of the air inlet end plate and the blind end plate of the electric pile located at the outer side, and the voltage inspection device and the air distribution assembly are arranged on different side surfaces of the two or more electric piles; the connectors on the voltage inspection device are distributed on the same side of the voltage inspection device.

Optionally, the voltage inspection device is arranged in the installation cavity, the voltage inspection device is positioned between the air inlet end plate and the dead end plate of one of the galvanic piles, and the voltage inspection device and the gas distribution assembly are arranged on different side surfaces of the two or more galvanic piles; the length direction of the voltage inspection device is perpendicular to the stacking direction of the bipolar plates of the electric pile.

Optionally, the connectors on the voltage inspection device are distributed on the opposite sides of the voltage inspection device towards the air inlet end and towards the blind end.

Optionally, the voltage inspection device includes:

the inspection circuit board comprises more than two inspection circuit boards, wherein each inspection circuit board is provided with at least one inspection connector, and one inspection circuit board is provided with a communication/power supply connector;

the inspection circuit boards are connected in series through the flat cables;

the shell, patrol and examine the circuit board more than two with the winding displacement all locates in the shell, just patrol and examine the connector with communication/power supply connector all expose in the shell.

Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a fuel cell system, including:

the fuel cell module described above;

an air supply subsystem in communication with each of the stacks of the fuel cell modules to provide air;

a fuel supply subsystem in communication with each of the stacks of the fuel cell modules to provide fuel;

a thermal management subsystem in communication with each of the stacks of the fuel cell modules to provide a coolant to cool and/or heat the stacks;

an automatic control system electrically connected to the fuel cell module, the air supply subsystem, the fuel supply subsystem, and the thermal management subsystem, respectively.

Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a fuel cell power system, comprising:

the above-described fuel cell system;

a DC/DC converter electrically connected to each of the stacks of the fuel cell system;

a driving motor electrically connected to the DC/DC converter;

the motor controller is electrically connected with the driving motor;

and the vehicle-mounted energy storage device is electrically connected with the DC/DC converter.

Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides a vehicle, which comprises the fuel cell module;

alternatively, a fuel cell system including the above;

or, alternatively, a fuel cell power system as described above.

According to the technical scheme, the fuel cell module provided by the application adopts a scheme of integrating a plurality of electric piles, and more than two electric piles with smaller power form a fuel cell with larger power. The fuel cell modules are arranged in the direction parallel to the short sides of the bipolar plates in the fuel cell stacks, and the single fuel cell stack is the smallest in size in the direction of the short sides of the bipolar plates, so that the whole fuel cell module forms a cube with similar sizes, the influence on the arrangement of the fuel cell module on the whole vehicle due to the overlong single size is avoided, and the fuel cell module with the cube structure is strong in strength in all directions and high in reliability. In the fuel cell module that this application provided, the positive pole orientation of membrane electrode is the same in each galvanic pile, and all towards inlet end or cecum, that is to say, the direction of admitting air and the voltage output structure of each galvanic pile are the same completely, adopt the arrangement of the low-voltage circuit such as arranging, voltage inspection of this structure manifold subassembly of being convenient for, reduce the complexity of whole fuel cell module inner structure, be favorable to improving the volume power density.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural view of the arrangement of the stacks in the fuel cell module in a "right-to-right" manner.

Fig. 2 is a layout structure view of the fuel cell module in a "left-left" manner.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the "right stack" positive and negative output poles of the fuel cell module.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the "right stack" fluid flow into and out of the stack in a fuel cell module.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the "left stack" positive and negative output poles in a fuel cell module.

Figure 6 is a schematic of the "left stack" fluid in and out of the stack in a fuel cell module.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell module in embodiment 1 of the present application.

Fig. 8 is an exploded view of a fuel cell module in example 1 of this application.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the fuel cell module of fig. 7 with a housing removed.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of a stack in the fuel cell module of fig. 7.

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a gas distribution assembly in the fuel cell module of figure 7.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the first air distribution unit in the air distribution assembly of fig. 11 from another view angle.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a second air distribution unit in the air distribution assembly of fig. 11 from another view angle.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a segmented variable diameter distribution manifold of the air distribution assembly of FIG. 11.

Fig. 15 is an exploded view of the first gas distribution unit of fig. 12.

Fig. 16 is an exploded view of the second gas distribution unit of fig. 13.

Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of a lower case in the fuel cell module of fig. 7.

Figure 18 is an assembly view of a gas distribution assembly and an insert in the fuel cell module of figure 7.

Fig. 19 is a schematic structural view of a voltage inspection device in the fuel cell module of fig. 7.

Fig. 20 is a schematic structural view of the voltage inspection device of fig. 19 with the housing removed.

Fig. 21 is an assembly structural view of a high voltage assembly and an insulating plate group in the fuel cell module of fig. 7.

Fig. 22 is an assembly structural view of an output terminal in the high voltage assembly of fig. 21.

Fig. 23 is an assembly structural view of a high voltage assembly and a stack in the fuel cell module of fig. 7.

Fig. 24 is an assembly configuration diagram of a stack, a high-voltage module, and a voltage inspection device in the fuel cell module of embodiment 2 of the present application.

Fig. 25 is a front view of fig. 24.

Fig. 26 is a right side view of fig. 24.

Fig. 27 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell module according to embodiment 3 of the present application with a housing removed.

Fig. 28 is a rear view of fig. 27.

Fig. 29 is a right side view of fig. 28.

Fig. 30 is a bottom view of fig. 28.

Fig. 31 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell module according to embodiment 4 of the present application with a housing removed.

Fig. 32 is a left side view of fig. 31.

Fig. 33 is a block diagram showing the structure of a fuel cell system according to embodiment 5 of the present application.

Fig. 34 is a block diagram showing the structure of a fuel cell power system according to embodiment 6 of the present application.

Fig. 35 is a block diagram showing the structure of a fuel cell electric vehicle according to embodiment 7 of the present application.

Description of reference numerals: 1000-fuel cell module.

100-a gas distribution assembly; 110-a first gas distribution unit; 120-a second gas distribution unit; 130-distribution manifold, 130 a-air inlet and distribution manifold, 130 b-hydrogen outlet and distribution manifold, 130 c-coolant outlet and distribution manifold, 130 d-air outlet and distribution manifold, 130 e-hydrogen inlet and distribution manifold, 130 f-coolant inlet and distribution manifold, 131-main pipe, 131 a-first section main pipe, 131 b-second section main pipe, 131 c-third section main pipe, 132-branch pipe, 132 a-first branch pipe, 132 b-second branch pipe and 132 c-third branch pipe; 140-gas distribution manifold flange, 141-flow guide channel, 142-seal groove, 143-butt joint pipe, 1431-through pipe, 1432-support pipe shell, 144-first butt joint edge, 145-mounting hole; a-open, b-terminal.

200-electric pile; 210-an inlet end plate; 220-a dead end plate; 230-positive output pole; 240-negative output pole; 250-fluid inlet, 251-air inlet, 252-air outlet, 253-hydrogen inlet, 254-hydrogen outlet, 255-coolant inlet, and 256-coolant outlet.

300-a housing; 301-mounting a cavity; 310-upper box body; 320-lower box body; 330-sealing cover.

400-voltage inspection device; 410-routing inspection circuit board; 420-flat cable; 430-a housing; 440-routing inspection connector assembly; 450-communications/power connector.

500-a high voltage component; 510-a copper bar assembly, 511-a positive copper bar, 512-a negative copper bar, 513-a connecting copper bar, 514-a first copper bar, 515-a second copper bar, 516-an auxiliary fastener, 517-a supporting piece, 518-a positive connecting part and 519-a negative connecting part; 520-positive output terminal; 530-negative output terminal; 540-positive electrode connection; 550-negative electrode connector; 560-high pressure fastener.

600-insert, 610-internal flow passage.

700-insulation board group, 710-first insulation board, 711-guide cylinder, 720-second insulation board, 730-third insulation board.

810-external connector; 820-routing inspection wiring harness; 830-patch plug-in.

Detailed Description

In order to make the present application more clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application pertains, the following detailed description of the present application is made with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of specific embodiments.

The electric pile (fuel cell pile) is generally composed of a plurality of membrane electrodes and bipolar plates which are stacked, a sealing element is arranged between the membrane electrodes and the bipolar plates, parts such as electric pile end plates, current collecting plates and insulating plates are arranged at two ends of the membrane electrodes and the bipolar plates and used for providing fastening force, collecting output energy, isolating high voltage and the like, and the electric pile end plates are fastened and connected through strapping tapes, pull rods, screws and the like. Under the action of the catalyst of the cathode and the anode at two sides of the proton exchange membrane in the membrane electrode, the cathode and the anode reaction media generate electrochemical reaction to convert chemical energy into electric energy.

In a fuel cell, the end plate near the input end of the reaction medium is defined as the inlet end, the end plate far from the input end of the reaction medium is defined as the blind end, and correspondingly the end plate at the inlet end is defined as the inlet end plate and the end plate at the blind end is defined as the blind end plate. In the pile, end plate, insulation board, collector plate, a plurality of repetitive unit (bipolar plate and membrane electrode) of inlet end, collector plate, insulation board, the end plate of cecum pile up in proper order, then the negative pole of membrane electrode, positive pole orientation have two kinds of arrangement methods: the arrangement mode of the membrane electrode anode towards the air inlet end is defined as 'right', and the electric pile adopting the arrangement mode is defined as 'right pile', as shown in figures 3 and 4; the arrangement of the membrane electrode cathodes toward the air inlet end is defined as "left", and the stack adopting the arrangement is defined as "left stack", as shown in fig. 5 and 6; the left pile and the right pile can be assumed as the left hand and the right hand of a person, and the two electric piles are in mirror symmetry.

The whole arrangement type of the electric pile is divided into a horizontal arrangement mode and a vertical arrangement mode, wherein the horizontal arrangement mode is that parts such as a membrane electrode and a bipolar plate are arranged vertically to the ground, and the vertical arrangement mode is that the parts such as the membrane electrode and the bipolar plate are arranged in parallel to the ground. Considering that bipolar plates usually have long sides and short sides, the horizontal arrangement is divided into a horizontal arrangement and a lateral arrangement, wherein the horizontal arrangement is defined as the arrangement of the long sides of the bipolar plates parallel to the ground and the short sides perpendicular to the ground; the lateral arrangement is defined as the arrangement of the short sides of the bipolar plates parallel to the ground and the long sides perpendicular to the ground.

For the specific explanations of the concepts such as "left stack", "right stack", "vertical arrangement", "horizontal arrangement" and the like in the present application, the above contents are referred to, and for convenience of description, the abbreviations of the respective explanations are used in the following embodiments.

Example 1:

the present embodiment provides a fuel cell module 1000, which has a structure as shown in fig. 1 and 2, and fig. 7 to 9, and the fuel cell module 1000 adopts a multi-stack integration scheme and includes more than two electric stacks 200. That is, the fuel cell module 1000 may adopt a double stack integration, a three stack integration, a four stack integration, a six stack integration, and the like. Each galvanic pile 200 of the fuel cell module 1000 is arranged along the short side direction parallel to the bipolar plate in the galvanic pile 200, that is to say, each galvanic pile 200 of the fuel cell module 1000 is vertically arranged and distributed at intervals along the short side direction of the bipolar plate, and the distance between the galvanic piles is used for wiring, arranging parts such as high-voltage copper bars and the like. In the present embodiment, the fuel cell module 1000 includes three stacks 200, and the number of the repeating units (bipolar plates + membrane electrodes) in the three stacks 200 is the same, so that the heights (the dimensions in the stacking direction of the repeating units) of the three stacks 200 are substantially uniform.

In the fuel cell module 1000, the anodes of the membrane electrodes in the respective stacks 200 face the same direction and face the inlet end or the dead end. That is, each of the stacks 200 of the fuel cell module 1000 of the present application is a "right stack" or a "left stack". Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the air inlet direction and the voltage output structure of each cell stack 200 are completely the same, and the adoption of the structure facilitates the arrangement of the manifold assembly 100, the arrangement of low-voltage lines such as voltage routing inspection and the like, reduces the complexity of the internal structure of the whole fuel cell module 100, and is beneficial to improving the volume power density.

Since the fuel cell module 1000 employs a multi-stack integration scheme and the internal structure is more complex than that of a single stack scheme, factors affecting the performance of the entire stack, such as the arrangement of manifold assemblies, the arrangement of low-voltage wiring, and the drainage performance of the stack, need to be comprehensively considered. Specifically, in the present embodiment, each cell stack 200 of the fuel cell module 1000 is a "right stack" and is vertically disposed, and in this arrangement, the specific structures of each cell stack 200, the manifold assembly 100 and the high-low voltage assembly of the fuel cell module 1000 are as follows:

in order to improve the drainage performance, in some embodiments, each stack 200 of the fuel cell module 1000 is configured such that the bipolar plates have a horizontal direction projection component and the stacking direction of the bipolar plates has a vertical direction projection component. The bipolar plate has a horizontal projection component, that is, the bipolar plate of the stack 200 has an included angle with or is parallel to the horizontal plane, preferably the bipolar plate is parallel to the horizontal plane; the stacking direction of the bipolar plates has a vertical direction projection component, that is, the height direction of the stack 200 has an angle with the vertical direction or is parallel to the vertical direction, and preferably the height direction is parallel to the vertical direction. Through all putting the setting with three galvanic pile 200 vertically, in every galvanic pile 200, the equal level of each repetitive unit sets up, and the advantage lies in: the vertical phase is horizontal, so that the discharge of the produced water is facilitated, the poor water plugging is avoided, and the advantage is particularly remarkable especially under the severe working conditions such as cold start.

Meanwhile, since each stack 200 is vertically arranged, the gravity direction of each stack 200 is parallel to the stacking direction of the bipolar plates, and gravity has a beneficial effect on the stacking compression of the stacks 200. Therefore, the vertical arrangement is relatively horizontal, so that the waist collapse of the galvanic pile can be effectively prevented, and the advantage is particularly obvious under the severe working conditions of Z-direction (vertical direction) vibration or large impact.

In consideration of the inconsistency of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the gas diffusion layer on the membrane electrode of the stack 200 and the coating on the bipolar plate, in order to further optimize the drainage performance of the stack 200, in the embodiment, each stack 200 is a "right stack", and three stacks are integrated as an example, so that the three stacks 200 form a "right-right" arrangement mode. That is, the anodes of the membrane electrodes of the three stacks 200 face the same direction and all face the inlet end. In this embodiment, the gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode is made of a hydrophobic material, and the outer surface of the bipolar plate is provided with a hydrophobic coating. By adopting the hydrophobic gas diffusion layer matched with the bipolar plate hydrophobic coating, water produced by the cathode of the membrane electrode can be quickly discharged to the surface of the gas diffusion layer under the triple actions of the hydrophobic carbon paper, the hydrophobic coating and gravity, so that the water is favorably discharged; further, the contact angle of the hydrophobic coating of the bipolar plate is smaller than the contact angle of the gas diffusion layer, that is to say 90 ° < contact angle of the bipolar plate coating < contact angle of the gas diffusion layer. The bipolar plate coating is more hydrophilic than a gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode, and water generated by cathode reaction can be quickly discharged to the surface of the gas diffusion layer and quickly discharged from a bipolar plate flow channel under the gradient action of the gas diffusion layer and the bipolar plate coating, so that the water is favorably discharged. For the right pile, when the pile is vertically arranged, the water generated by the cathode is favorably back-diffused to the anode due to the action of gravity, the self-humidifying capacity of the pile is improved, and the pressure of an auxiliary part humidifier of an external system is favorably relieved. Other unrefined structures of the stacks 200 of the fuel cell module 1000 in this embodiment can refer to the related disclosure of the prior art, and are not described herein.

In order to cooperate with the stack 200 to form a complete fuel cell module, the fuel cell module 1000 further includes the air distribution assembly 100, the housing 300, the voltage inspection device 400, and the high voltage assembly 500. A mounting cavity 301 is provided in the housing 300, each cell stack 200 is located in the mounting cavity 301, and the cell stacks 200 are arranged side by side. The air distribution assembly 100 is in communication with each stack 200 for providing an oxidizing medium (e.g., air), a reducing medium (e.g., hydrogen), and a cooling medium (e.g., coolant) to each stack 200. This distribution subassembly 100 and voltage inspection device 400 specifically can adopt built-in or external scheme, also according to actual need, can locate distribution subassembly 100 and voltage inspection device 400 outside or inside casing 100. The valve timing assembly 100 and the voltage inspection device 400 can adopt the relevant disclosure of the prior art, and the specific content of the application is not limited.

Referring to fig. 11 to 13, in the present embodiment, the gas distribution assembly 100 is a split structure, and includes two module units, namely, a first gas distribution unit 110 and a second gas distribution unit 120, where the two module units are respectively connected to two ends of the gas inlet end plate 210 of the stack 200, that is, the first gas distribution unit 110 is connected to a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet of one end of the gas inlet end plate 210 of the stack 200, and the second gas distribution unit 120 is connected to a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet of the other end of the gas inlet end plate 210 of the stack 200. The first air distribution unit and the second air distribution unit are respectively provided with a distribution manifold 130 and an air distribution manifold flange 140 for abutting fluid inlets and outlets, and the distribution manifold 130 is used for an oxidizing medium (in this embodiment, air is taken as an example) to enter and exit the stack/casing, a cooling medium (in this embodiment, cooling liquid is taken as an example) to enter and exit the stack/casing, and a reducing medium (in this embodiment, hydrogen is taken as an example) to enter and exit the stack/casing.

Specifically, in this embodiment, three distribution manifolds 130 are respectively disposed in the first air distribution unit 110 and the second air distribution unit 120, the three distribution manifolds 130 of the first air distribution unit 110 are respectively an air inlet distribution manifold 130a, a hydrogen outlet distribution manifold 130b, and a coolant outlet manifold 130c, and the three distribution manifolds 130 corresponding to the second air distribution unit 120 are respectively an air outlet distribution manifold 130d, a hydrogen inlet distribution manifold 130e, and a coolant inlet distribution manifold 130 f. In other embodiments, a common air-coolant manifold may be used, i.e., a partition plate is disposed inside one pipe, so that two independent lumens are formed inside the pipe. Or a scheme of a hydrogen-cooling liquid common manifold or a scheme of an air-cooling liquid-hydrogen common manifold is adopted, and the specific pipeline arrangement scheme is not limited in the application.

Referring to fig. 15 and 16, in the present application, the distribution manifold 130 includes a main pipe 131 and two or more branch pipes 132, each branch pipe 132 is disposed at an angle to the corresponding main pipe 131, and the end b of each branch pipe 132 is communicated with the distribution manifold flange 140. The preferred acute angle of contained angle between branch pipeline 132 and trunk line 131, through simulation contrastive analysis, if the axial of branch pipeline 132 is 90 degrees designs with trunk line 131 contained angle, because flow direction changes can make the air current produce very serious air current separation when flowing into branch pipeline 132 from trunk line 131 suddenly, influences the flow field homogeneity that the air current entered the heap, also can increase the pressure loss that produces in the manifold. The specific number of branch conduits 132 matches the number of stacks in the fuel cell module. In consideration of the ease of piping, in the present embodiment, the branch pipes 132 are sequentially distributed in the axial direction of the main pipe 131, and the distribution direction of the branch pipes 132 is parallel to the axial direction of the main pipe 131. Specifically, in the same distribution manifold 130, one branch pipe 132 is connected to the end b of the main pipe 131, and the remaining branch pipes 132 are connected to the wall of the main pipe 131. The end of a pipe may be bent, the bent portion forming a branch pipe 132. In order to reduce the flow resistance at the communication position of the branch pipes 132 and the main pipe 131, each branch pipe 132 is in arc transition with the main pipe 131.

In consideration of the problems of the uniformity of the pile distribution and the complexity of the pipe distribution, in the present embodiment, the main pipes 131 of the three distribution manifolds 130 are parallel to each other and are all parallel to the horizontal direction, so that the lengths of the three branch pipes 132 communicating with the same main pipe 131 are equal. The three branch pipes 132 communicating with the same main pipe 131 are parallel to each other and have the same shape. The structure enables the effective length of each branch pipeline 132 to be consistent, and the problem of uniformity of fluid distribution in the galvanic pile integration process can be solved, so that the consistency of galvanic pile integration is improved. For ease of routing, the branch conduits 132 of the three distribution manifolds 130 are angled with respect to each other.

The main pipe 131 may be a circular straight pipe with an equal diameter, a tapered straight pipe from the inlet to the end b, or a sectional diameter-variable straight pipe, and the cross-sectional area of the main pipe 131 is larger than that of the corresponding branch pipe 132, so that sufficient medium supply can be ensured for each cell stack.

In this embodiment, along the axial of trunk pipe 131, the cross sectional area of trunk pipe 131 is the trend of reducing from main pipe 131 opening a to trunk pipe 131 terminal b, specifically adopts the straight pipe of sectional type variable diameter. The variable diameter design is primarily concerned with the flow distribution resulting in a change in flow velocity within the main conduit 131 as compared to the equal diameter design. Referring to fig. 14, taking a straight circular tube adapted to three reactors and a main tube 131 adopting a three-section variable diameter (decreasing tube diameter) and a branch tube 132 provided with 3 distribution manifolds 130 as an example, after a fluid medium enters the distribution manifolds 130 from an opening a of the main tube 131, a part of the fluid is distributed from the first section main tube 131a and flows into the first branch tube 132a, and the remaining fluid can also maintain a flow velocity relatively close to that in the first section main tube 131a in the second section main tube 131b (the flow velocity of the medium in the second section main tube 131b is approximately 90% -100% of the flow velocity of the medium in the first section main tube 131 a). Similarly, after a part of the fluid is distributed from the second main pipe section 131b to flow into the second branch pipe 132b, the remaining fluid in the third main pipe section 131c can also maintain a flow velocity relatively close to that in the second main pipe section 131b (the flow velocity of the medium in the third main pipe section 131c is approximately 90% -100% of the flow velocity of the medium in the second main pipe section 131 b). Therefore, the flow speeds of the fluid media in the three branch pipes 132 are not greatly different, so that the flow rates distributed to the three cell stacks are basically similar, and the uniformity of the flow rate distribution of the three cell stacks is improved to a certain extent. In addition, the main pipe 131 is of a structure with a gradually reduced or gradually reduced diameter, and compared with the straight-through pipe 1431, the size is reduced, so that a part of space can be saved, and the matching and layout of the structure are facilitated.

The spacing between the branch pipes 132 in the same distribution manifold 130 may be the same or different, that is, the present application does not strictly limit the spacing between the branch pipes 132 in the same distribution manifold 130, and the branch pipes do not need to be arranged at equal intervals, so that the stacks connected thereto may have the same structure or arrangement. Taking a three-pile integration scheme as an example, the three electric piles can adopt completely same bipolar plates and other parts, and the air inlet ends of the three electric piles are anode ends and the blind ends are cathode ends; the three galvanic piles can also adopt different structures and layout schemes, for example, the three galvanic piles are galvanic piles with different internal structure designs, the air inlet ends of the three galvanic piles are provided with two anodes and two cathodes, the dead ends are provided with two anodes and one cathode, and the like. Therefore, different pile splicing schemes can be tried during the parallel design of the multi-pile flow field, and the most appropriate scheme is selected for subsequent development work.

The air distribution manifold flange 140 is used for abutting a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, and the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet can be a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet of an air inlet end plate of a stack or a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet of a medium entering and exiting a fuel cell module shell, so that the air distribution assembly 100 provided by the application can be directly adapted to the stack or the shell through the air distribution manifold flange 140, and a sealing ring is convenient to arrange on one hand, and the air distribution manifold flange 140 and the air inlet end plate/shell are convenient to connect and fix on the other hand by utilizing a larger plane of the air distribution manifold flange 140. Referring to fig. 15 and 16, the edge of the air distribution manifold flange 140 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 145 for mounting threaded fasteners.

The distribution manifold flange 140 is provided with the same number of guide channels 141 as the branch pipes 132, fluid medium channels formed by the distribution manifold 130 are communicated with the guide channels 141, and fluid medium enters the electric pile through the guide channels 141. Considering that the shape of each fluid inlet and outlet is generally quadrilateral (two adjacent arcs transition) on the inlet end plate of the stack, the fluid medium also needs to flow through the shape similar to the fluid inlet and outlet of the inlet end plate of the stack when entering and exiting the stack, so as to facilitate the sealing between different channels. Referring to fig. 12 to 13, 15 and 16, in the present embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the flow guide channel 141 is configured to transition from a circular shape to a shape similar to the fluid inlet and outlet of the inlet end plate of the stack, for example, if the fluid inlet and outlet on the inlet end plate is a rounded rectangle, the cross-sectional shape of the flow guide channel 141 gradually transitions from a circular shape to a rounded rectangle, wherein the circular opening is used for abutting against the distribution manifold 130, and the rounded rectangle opening is used for abutting against the fluid inlet and outlet on the stack or the housing.

Referring to fig. 12 to 13, a sealing groove 142 is formed on the distribution manifold flange 140, and the sealing groove 142 is enclosed outside an opening of the flow guide channel 141, which has a shape similar to a fluid inlet and outlet of an inlet end plate of the stack, that is, the sealing groove 142 is opened on a side surface of the distribution manifold flange 140 close to the stack for installing a sealing ring. In a preferred embodiment, the shape of the sealing groove 142 is similar to the fluid inlet and outlet of the gas inlet end plate of the stack, for example, the fluid inlet and outlet on the gas inlet end plate is a rounded rectangle, the cross-sectional shape of the flow guide channel 141 gradually transitions from a circle to a rounded rectangle, and the side surface of the gas distribution manifold flange 140 close to the stack is correspondingly provided with a rounded rectangular sealing groove 142.

The air distribution manifold flange 140 may be a flange integrally formed at the end b of the branch pipe 132 of the distribution manifold 130, for example, the distribution manifold 130 and the air distribution manifold flange 140 are integrally formed by 3D printing technology, that is, the first air distribution unit and the second air distribution unit are both a structural member. The air distribution manifold flange 140 can also be an independent flange, for example, the air distribution manifold flange 140 is provided with a butt joint pipe 143, the butt joint pipe 143 includes a through pipe 1431 and a support pipe housing 1432, the lumen of the through pipe 1431 forms the flow guide channel 141, and the support pipe housing 1432 is used for supporting the distribution manifold 130. The ends b of the branch pipes 132 are inserted directly into the corresponding abutment pipes 143 and are sealingly fitted, for example welded, sealed by applying a sealing compound or sealed by sealing rings. Alternatively, a first butt edge 144 is provided on the butt joint pipe 143, a second butt edge is correspondingly provided on the opening of the end b of the branch pipe 132, the second butt edge is butted against the first butt edge 144, and a sealing member is provided on the butt joint surface, for example, a welding seal, a sealant coating seal or a sealing ring seal. The specific connection structure of the distribution manifold 130 and the distribution manifold flange 140 is not limited in this application.

In the selection of the material of the gas distribution assembly 100, the metal material may precipitate ions, which may cause catalyst contamination, and the metal material is a conductor, which may cause a risk of electrical leakage. The material of the air distribution assembly 100 should be chosen to be non-metallic. Specifically, in this embodiment, the material of the first air distribution unit 110 and the second air distribution unit 120 is at least one of PPA (polyphthalamide), GF (glass fiber, glass fiber for short), PA (polyamide, nylon for common use), and PPS (polyphenylene sulfide), and the material of the first air distribution unit 110 and the second air distribution unit 120 may be the same or different. For example, the material of the valve train assembly 100 may be PPA + GF30(GF is added in an amount of 30 wt% based on the total material), PPA + GF40(GF is added in an amount of 40 wt% based on the total material), PA6+ GF15, PPS, or the like. The material can be integrally formed to prepare the whole first air distribution unit 110 and the second air distribution unit 120 or the local parts of the first air distribution unit 110 and the second air distribution unit 120 through an injection molding process and a 3D printing technology.

In this embodiment, the fuel cell module 1000 adopts a multi-stack integration scheme, and therefore the air distribution assembly 100 needs to distribute air to the plurality of stacks 200 at the same time, which results in a large volume of the air distribution assembly 100, specifically referring to fig. 8 and 9, in this embodiment, the fuel cell module 1000 adopts a scheme in which a manifold is externally disposed, and the air distribution assembly 100 is disposed outside the housing 300. Referring to fig. 17 and 18, an insert 600 with an internal flow channel 610 is provided on the housing, the gas distribution manifold flange 140 of the gas distribution assembly 100, the insert 600, and the gas inlet end plate 210 of the stack 200 are sequentially butted and communicated, and the butted portion is sealed by a sealing ring. The external layout mode of the manifold can greatly save the internal space of the shell, and improve the integration level of the internal parts of the shell of the fuel cell module 1000 and the volume power density of the fuel cell module 1000; on the other hand, when the manifold structure is designed after the manifold is externally arranged, the limitation on the shape, the size, the layout mode and the like of the manifold is greatly reduced, the design freedom is increased, and the manifold structure has larger adjustability.

In other embodiments, a manifold-in scheme may be adopted, that is, all three distribution manifolds 130 of the first air distribution unit 110 are directly connected to the inlet end plate of the stack. Because the opening shape of the diversion channel 141 on the side surface of the air distribution manifold flange 140 close to the electric pile is similar to the fluid inlet and outlet of the air inlet end plate of the electric pile, the air distribution manifold flange 140 can be directly butted with the air inlet end plate, sealed by a sealing ring, and connected and fixed with the air inlet end plate by screws.

In order to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the stack 200, the housing 300 in this embodiment is a split structure, and includes an upper case 310 and a lower case 320, the upper case 310 and the lower case 320 are connected by a threaded fastener, and a sealing ring is disposed at the joint. Referring specifically to fig. 17 and 18, the insert 600 is installed in the lower case 320. One end of the insert 600 is butted with the gas distribution manifold flange 140 of the gas distribution assembly 100, and the other end is butted with the gas inlet end plate of the cell stack, and considering that the area difference exists between the fluid inlet and outlet on the gas inlet end plate and the cell stack side opening of the flow guide channel 141 of the gas distribution manifold flange 140, the internal flow channel 610 of the insert 600 is set to gradually increase the cross-sectional area from the manifold side to the cell stack side, and the area and the size of the opening butted with the cell stack 200 on the obtained insert 600 and the corresponding fluid inlet and outlet on the gas inlet end plate 210 are kept consistent. The insert 600 is made of an insulating material, so that safety is improved.

Referring to fig. 4 and 6, in the present embodiment, the inlet end plates 210 of the three stacks 200 are respectively provided with 6 fluid inlets and outlets 250, and the 6 fluid inlets and outlets are distributed on two sides of the inlet end plate 210 and are distributed in a central symmetry manner. The 3 fluid access & exit that lie in one side wherein do respectively: air inlet 251, coolant outlet 256, hydrogen outlet 254, the 3 fluid access ports on the other side are: a hydrogen inlet 253, a coolant inlet 255, and an air outlet 252. The air inlet 251 and the hydrogen inlet 253 are arranged at two ends of the air inlet end plate 210, so that convection current is formed between air and hydrogen, and the self-humidifying performance of the electric pile 200 is improved.

Since all three fuel cells in the fuel cell module 1000 are vertically arranged, the air distribution assembly 100 must be disposed on the top or bottom surface of the housing, and in order to facilitate the discharge of water generated by the reaction, referring to fig. 8, in this embodiment, the air distribution assembly 100 is disposed on the bottom surface of the housing, and specifically, the air distribution manifold flange 140 of the air distribution assembly 100 is connected to the lower case 320 by screws. Three distribution manifolds 130 are respectively arranged in the first air distribution unit 110 and the second air distribution unit 120, referring to fig. 15 and 16, the three distribution manifolds 130 of the first air distribution unit 110 are respectively an air inlet distribution manifold 130a, a hydrogen outlet distribution manifold 130b and a coolant outlet manifold 130c, and the three distribution manifolds 130 corresponding to the second air distribution unit 120 are respectively an air outlet distribution manifold 130d, a hydrogen inlet distribution manifold 130e and a coolant inlet distribution manifold 130 f.

Wherein: the air inlet and distribution manifold 130a and the air outlet and distribution manifold 130d are used for air circulation, and the air inlet and distribution manifold 130a and the air outlet and distribution manifold 130d are both configured to have a horizontal direction projection component, for example, the air inlet and distribution manifold 130a and the air outlet and distribution manifold 130d are both horizontal pipes or have an angle of not more than 45 ° with the horizontal plane. In the air inlet and distribution manifold 130a and the air outlet and distribution manifold 130d, the branch pipe 132 is located at the same level as the main pipe 131, or is located obliquely above the main pipe 131. The distribution manifold 130 for air circulation adopts the above arrangement, mainly because the air flow is large, the diameter of the manifold is required to be large so that the pressure loss of the air flow field is small enough, and if the air manifold adopts the branch pipeline 132 to be connected right above the main pipeline 131, the arrangement space of the hydrogen and the cooling liquid manifold is not enough.

The hydrogen inlet and distribution manifold 130e and the hydrogen discharge and distribution manifold 130b are used for hydrogen flow, and the hydrogen inlet and distribution manifold 130e and the hydrogen discharge and distribution manifold 130b are arranged to have a horizontal direction projection component and a vertical direction projection component, that is, the hydrogen inlet and distribution manifold 130e and the hydrogen discharge and distribution manifold 130b are inclined with respect to the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. The distribution manifold 130 through which the hydrogen gas flows is arranged in the above manner, mainly because the hydrogen gas has a small flow rate and does not occupy too much space, and thus is suitable for being arranged between the air distribution manifold 130 and the coolant distribution manifold 130. Considering that part of the electric pile can reuse the hydrogen discharged from the pile, namely, the hydrogen inlet pipe is communicated with a bypass pipe for introducing the hydrogen discharged from the pile. To this end, the main conduit 131 of the hydrogen inlet and distribution manifold 130e has two openings, one for communicating with the internal flow channels 610 of the insert 600 and the other for communicating with the hydrogen recovery line, as shown in fig. 18.

The feed coolant manifold 130f and the drain coolant manifold 130c are used for flowing coolant, and the feed coolant manifold 130f and the drain coolant manifold 130c are both arranged to have a vertical direction projection component, for example, the feed coolant manifold 130f and the drain coolant manifold 130c are both vertical pipes or have an angle not larger than 45 ° with the vertical plane. In the feed distribution coolant manifold 130f and the discharge distribution coolant manifold 130c, the branch pipes 132 are located on the same vertical plane as the main pipe 131, or are located obliquely above the main pipe 131. The distribution manifold 130 for the cooling liquid to flow through adopts the above arrangement, mainly because the cooling liquid is liquid and has a large flow rate, the distribution manifold 130 of the cooling liquid is closer to the vertical surface, on one hand, the water can be drained by gravity; on the other hand, when the feed coolant manifold 130f and the discharge coolant manifold 130c are both vertical pipes, the branch pipe 132 has the shortest length, and thus, a large pressure loss can be avoided.

When the air distribution manifold 130 and the hydrogen distribution manifold 130 are arranged obliquely or horizontally, the internal flow channel 610 necessarily has a bent portion, and since air and hydrogen are both gases, the pressure loss generated by the arrangement is not so large, and the reaction requirements of hydrogen and air can still be met. The distribution manifold 130 arrangement mode, the inclined arrangement structure between the branch pipelines 132 and the main pipeline 131 in the distribution manifold 130, and the arrangement structure, the shape and the size of each branch pipeline 132 communicated with the same main pipeline 131 are the same, the characteristics can not only reduce the pressure loss generated in a manifold flow field, but also improve the uniformity of flow distribution of three piles, and the flow unevenness is controlled within +/-5%.

Referring to fig. 9, the voltage inspection device 400 is electrically connected to each bipolar plate of the stack 200 to implement voltage inspection. The voltage inspection device 400 is specifically arranged between the air inlet end plate 210 and the blind end plate 220 of one of the electric stacks 200, and two ends of the voltage inspection device 400 are respectively connected with the air inlet end plate 210 and the blind end plate 220 of one of the electric stacks 200. The voltage inspection device 400 is close to the short side of the bipolar plate, the area difference of the end plate and the bipolar plate in the electric pile 200 is reasonably utilized by the arrangement mode, and the assembly gap between the shell 300 and the electric pile 200 is utilized, the space formed by the distance difference between the short side and the long side of the end plate and the bipolar plate is used as the installation area of the voltage inspection device 400, so that the fuel cell module does not need to be additionally provided with a CVM installation space, the whole fuel cell module is small in volume, and the volume power density is higher than that of the current fuel cell module integrated with the electric pile 200 in the same quantity.

Specifically, referring to fig. 19 and 20, the voltage inspection device 400 is provided with at least one inspection connector 440 and a communication/power supply connector 450, and the inspection connector 440 is used for an inspection harness for inserting and connecting a galvanic pile. Patrol and examine connector 440 and be the standard component, the conventional PIN foot quantity of patrolling and examining connector 440 between 24 ~ 40, patrol and examine the total number of PIN foot that patrols and examines connector 440 on circuit board 410 respectively and should not be less than the quantity of the battery cell of whole fuel cell module. Moreover, it is more preferable that the number of the single cells in a single electric pile 200 is an integral multiple of the number of the PIN PINs of the inspection connector 440, so as to avoid the situation that one inspection connector 440 connects two electric piles 200.

Since the fuel cell module adopts a multi-stack integration scheme, each cell stack 200 needs to be provided with a corresponding voltage inspection unit. For example, if each stack 200 of a three-stack integrated fuel cell module is stacked with 84 single cells, the number of PIN PINs for voltage inspection of the whole fuel cell module is 3 × 84, and if the PIN PINs are disposed on one PCB (printed circuit board), the volume of the PCB is large, and it is difficult to match the end plate pitch of the stack 200. In view of this, referring to fig. 9 and 10, in the embodiment, the voltage inspection device 400 is provided with a plurality of inspection circuit boards 410 (using PCB boards), the inspection circuit boards 410 are parallel to each other and stacked, and the inspection circuit boards 410 are connected in series through the flat cable 420, so that the voltage inspection device has a function of inspecting the PCB boards for a whole voltage. On the premise of ensuring that the number of the voltage detection channels meets the requirements, the length of the CVM is reduced, and the length of the voltage inspection device 400 is smaller than the length of the galvanic pile, so that the CVM can be arranged between the upper end plate and the lower end plate of the galvanic pile, and meanwhile, the high-voltage copper bar and the galvanic pile gas distribution manifold are avoided, the overall arrangement space of the galvanic pile module is optimized, and the unit volume power density of the fuel cell is increased.

The communication/power supply connector 450 is used for connecting a communication wire and a power supply wire (the communication wire and the power supply wire can also be integrated into a wire harness), transmitting the inspection signal of the CVM to an upper computer and supplying power. The communication/power connector 450 is also a standard component, and typically the communication connector and the power connector are integrated into one connector, and the communication/power connector 450 is mounted on one of the inspection circuit boards 410 in the voltage inspection device 400. Referring to fig. 9, in some embodiments, the housing 300 of the fuel cell module is further provided with an external connector 810, the external connector 810 is electrically connected to the communication/power supply connector 450 through a wire, and the external connector 810 is connected to an external host computer (e.g., an ECU of a vehicle) through a wire.

In order to improve the inspection precision of the CVM, in this embodiment, the voltage inspection device 400 further includes a housing 430, and each inspection circuit board 410 and the flat cable 420 are disposed in the housing 430. The inspection circuit boards 410 are arranged in parallel and stacked to reduce the overall volume of the inspection circuit boards 410. The shell 430 is a metal piece, which has dustproof and waterproof effects, and the metal shell 300 has electromagnetic shielding effect, so that electromagnetic interference is reduced, and detection precision is improved. The inspection connector 440 and the communication/power supply connector 450 are exposed out of the housing 430, which facilitates the plugging of the flat cable 420. To facilitate routing, in this embodiment, the routing inspection connector 440 and the communication/power supply connector 450 are located on the same side of the housing 430, and the routing inspection connector 440 is electrically connected to the bipolar plates of each stack 200 via the routing inspection harness 820 and the interposer 830.

In order to further facilitate the routing and reduce the routing difficulty of the system and the length of the wiring harness, referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the voltage inspection device 400 is disposed on one of the outside-located electric piles 200, and the inspection connector 440 and the communication/power supply connector 450 are both facing the other outside-located electric pile 200. For example, the stack 200 is a right outlet (the electrode tab of the bipolar plate is located on the right side of the bipolar plate), the voltage inspection device 400 is correspondingly arranged on the leftmost stack 200, and the shell 430 of the voltage inspection device 400 is fixedly connected with the inlet end plate 210 and the blind end plate 220 of the stack 200 through connection forms such as threaded fasteners, welding, bonding, riveting and the like.

Referring to fig. 7 to 9, the high voltage assembly 500 is electrically connected to an output electrode of the stack 200 for outputting a voltage generated by the fuel cell stack 200, and for convenience of arrangement, the high voltage assembly 500 and the air distribution assembly 100 are distributed at two ends of the stack.

Specifically, high-voltage component 500 includes copper bar component 510 and output terminal, and in copper bar component 510 located the installation cavity 301 of casing 300, copper bar component 510 was used for connecting the output pole and the output terminal of pile 200, and copper bar component 510 can be according to actual need certain angle of buckling, but copper bar component 510's the cover surface is not coplane with the side that CVM belonged to. Specifically, the CVM is disposed close to the short side of the bipolar plate of the outermost stack 200, and the side of the CVM is disposed on the small side of the stack 200 (the plane formed by stacking the short side direction of the bipolar plate and the bipolar plate), and the copper bar assembly 510 is disposed on the large side (the plane formed by stacking the long side direction of the bipolar plate and the bipolar plate) and the end face (the plane parallel to the bipolar plate) of the stack 200, so that the CVM avoids the copper bar assembly 510, thereby reducing electromagnetic interference and improving detection accuracy. The output terminals are generally provided with two as the high-voltage output interfaces of the entire fuel cell module 1000: a positive output terminal 520 and a negative output terminal 530. The positive output terminal 520 and the negative output terminal 530 are both penetratingly mounted on the case 300, and are mechanically and electrically connected with the copper bar assembly 510 by metal bolts. The positive output terminal 520, the negative output terminal 530 and the air distribution assembly 100 are distributed on two end surfaces of the stack 200.

Referring specifically to fig. 21 to 23, in the present embodiment, the high voltage assembly 500 includes a copper bar assembly 510, a positive output terminal 520, a negative output terminal 530, a positive connector 540, and a negative connector 550; the copper bar assembly 510 is used to connect the output poles of the respective stacks 200 in series and form a positive pole connection portion 518 and a negative pole connection portion 519.

On one hand, the positive output terminal 520 is connected with the positive connecting part 518 through the positive connecting part 540, the negative output terminal 530 is connected with the negative connecting part 519 through the negative connecting part 550, so that circulation of a circuit is realized, a high-voltage through terminal formed by the positive output terminal 520 and the negative output terminal 530 is used for connecting a high-voltage copper bar assembly 510 of a battery pack and a DC/DC converter (voltage converter), current is output to the DC/DC converter, integration of more than two electric piles 200 can be realized, large current is output, higher battery efficiency is achieved, and high-power electric pile power output of power promotion of the electric pile 200 with smaller power can be realized.

On the other hand, the positive connector 540 and the positive output terminal 520 are disposed at an angle, and the negative connector 550 and the negative output terminal 530 are disposed at an angle, that is, the spatial postures of the two are different, and the two can be disposed on different surfaces, so as to facilitate the arrangement of the high-voltage assembly 500, effectively reduce the distance between the high-voltage assembly 500 and the stack 200 in the membrane electrode stacking direction, and facilitate the improvement of the volumetric power density of the fuel cell module 1000. Meanwhile, because the butt joint part of the anode connection part 518/the cathode connection part 519 and the high-voltage through terminal is located on the side, when assembling, the high-voltage through terminal composed of the anode output terminal 520 and the cathode output terminal 530 can be connected with the upper box 310 of the shell 300 of the fuel cell module 1000 in advance, the copper bar assembly 510 is also connected and arranged on the corresponding cell stack 200 to realize series connection, the assembly between the high-voltage through terminal and the upper box 310, the fixed assembly between the copper bar assembly 510 and the cell stack 200 and the lower box 320 are relatively independent and do not affect each other, and before the upper box 310 and the lower box 320 are buckled and connected, the operation space is sufficient; after the upper case 310 and the lower case 320 are fastened, the connecting member is extended into the housing 300 only through the process hole formed on the upper case 310 or the lower case 320, so that the positive electrode connecting portion 518 and the negative electrode connecting portion 519 are respectively connected with the corresponding output terminals, the high voltage assembly 500 has a simple structure, and the connection and assembly process of the high voltage assembly 500 is simple and convenient.

In order to facilitate assembly and fixation, in the present embodiment, the high voltage through terminal should preferably be as close to the edge of the stack 200 as possible so as to be close to the edge of the housing 300 of the fuel cell module 1000, so that a person can conveniently dispose the positive electrode connector 540 and the negative electrode connector 550 outside the housing 300.

In this embodiment, the copper bar assembly 510 includes a positive copper bar 511, a negative copper bar 512, and at least one connecting copper bar 513 for connecting two or more galvanic piles 200 in series; the first end of the positive copper bar 511 and the first end of the negative copper bar 512 are both provided with a bent section to respectively form a positive connecting portion 518 and a negative connecting portion 519, the second end of the positive copper bar 511 is used for connecting the positive output electrode 230 of one of the electric piles 200, and the second end of the negative copper bar 512 is used for connecting the negative output electrode 240 of the other electric pile 200.

There is the nuance in the effect that the difference of the section of bending set up, but all can guarantee creepage clearance and power consumption safety, and this application does not do specifically and prescribes a limit to, for example the section of bending can be to keeping away from the direction of galvanic pile 200 and buckle to increase connecting portion and galvanic pile 200's distance. In this embodiment, in order to fully ensure electrical safety, the contact between the connecting member and the stack 200 is fundamentally avoided, meanwhile, unnecessary space is avoided, and the volume power density of the fuel cell module 1000 is controlled, a part of the copper bar of the bending section of the fuel cell module 1000 has a projection component parallel to the high-voltage through terminal, and the connecting member passes through the connecting portion and extends into the high-voltage through terminal to be connected and fixed through a thread structure.

In order to facilitate the installation arrangement, in the present embodiment, the positive electrode output terminal 520, the negative electrode output terminal 530, the positive electrode connection portion 518, and the negative electrode connection portion 519 are all parallel to the stacking direction of the membrane electrodes of the stack 200; the positive electrode connector 540 and the negative electrode connector 550 are perpendicular to the stacking direction. Specifically, the positive output terminal 520 and the negative output terminal 530 have mounting holes along the radial direction, the positive connecting portion 518 and the negative connecting portion 519 have corresponding mounting holes, and preferably, the bending section is parallel to the connected output terminal, that is, the axis of the mounting hole is perpendicular to the bending section.

In consideration of the application to the fuel cell module 1000, if the connection site of the copper bar to the output electrode of the cell stack 200 is located between two cell stacks 200, and when the inter-stack gap of the electric stack 200 is limited, it is inconvenient to connect the copper bar assembly 510 with the electric stack 200, for the convenience of assembly without affecting the mounting and fixing of the stack 200 in the housing 300 of the fuel cell module 1000, in the present embodiment, each connecting copper bar 513 comprises a first copper bar 514 and a second copper bar 515, the adjacent ends of the first copper bar 514 and the second copper bar 515 are fixedly connected through an auxiliary fastener 516, the separated ends of the first copper bar 514 and the second copper bar 515 are used for respectively connecting different output poles of two galvanic piles 200, the output poles of the galvanic piles 200 are fixedly connected with the connecting ends of the corresponding copper bars in advance, the galvanic piles 200 are fixed, before connecting first copper bar 514 and second copper bar 515, the position can be adjusted between pile 200, and after no mistake, first copper bar 514 and second copper bar 515 are fixed through auxiliary fastener 516.

The high voltage assembly 500 provided herein further includes a high voltage fastener 560 for connecting the copper bar assembly 510 with the output pole of the stack 200; the high pressure fasteners 560 are bolts; the copper bar assembly 510 is provided with a connecting hole for mounting a high-voltage fastener 560.

In order to ensure the stable connection between the copper bar assembly 510 and the output electrode of the stack 200, in this embodiment, the number of the connecting holes and the high-voltage fasteners 560 at one end of each copper bar is at least two, which avoids the problem of electric arcs or electric sparks caused by looseness, rotation and the like between the current collecting plate and the copper bar assembly 510 in the random vibration process of the fuel cell module 1000 compared with the scheme of one bolt connection in the prior art, and improves the electrical safety.

In consideration of the phenomena of material degradation and stress relaxation of the sealing rings, thermal expansion and contraction due to environmental influences on the unit cells, and the like, the individual cell stacks 200 of the fuel cell module 1000 generally have a structure such as a disc spring, a coil spring, and the like on the end plate 210 on the end side, and the relative positions of the current collecting plates at both ends of the cell stacks 200 may change. On the other hand, because the types of the parts of the cell stack 200 are many, the number of the single cells is large, usually more than 100, and the number of the single cells is gradually increased along with the improvement of the power requirement of the whole vehicle, the cell stack 200 formed by 300 single cells has appeared at present, the structural consistency of the single cells gradually becomes a key factor influencing the product consistency of the single cell stack 200 of the fuel cell module 1000, and the size of the single cell stack 200 in the stacking direction may have a certain deviation. For the above two reasons, the high voltage design inside the single stack 200 needs to have a certain fault tolerance.

The soft copper bar of current technical scheme can only be used in the less (below 300A) battery of electric current, and the condition that the copper bar fault can appear in the soft copper bar of 3mm thickness above bending. In a large-current environment, only the hard copper bar can be selected. In order to take fault tolerance into consideration, in the embodiment, the aperture D of the connecting hole satisfies 1 < D/D < 1.5, wherein D is the nominal diameter of the bolt. For example, the bolt is of an M5 model, and the connecting hole is set to be M6.5.

In order to further ensure the electrical safety, the high voltage assembly 500 provided by the present application has an insulating layer disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the copper bar assembly 510. In this embodiment, the surfaces of the copper bar assembly 510, except for the areas where the high-voltage fasteners 560, the auxiliary fasteners 516 and the connecting members, i.e., the bolts, are coated with epoxy resin materials, and the epoxy resin is used as an insulating material to ensure an electrical safety gap between the copper bar and the surrounding environment.

To further control the volumetric power density of the fuel cell module 1000, in the present embodiment, the copper bar assemblies 510 each have a first portion parallel to the end plate 210 of the stack 200 and a second portion parallel to the stacking direction of the membrane electrodes; the positive electrode connecting part 518 and the negative electrode connecting part 519 formed by the bent sections are positioned on the corresponding first parts; the second part is located the inter-pile clearance, and the overall arrangement of copper bar has make full use of the inter-pile clearance that the overall arrangement of galvanic pile 200 produced and the clearance of galvanic pile 200 and last box 310, avoids the copper bar to expand occupation space outward at the length direction's of end plate 210 both ends, effectively reduces the volume of copper bar subassembly 510 and galvanic pile 200, has promoted fuel cell module 1000's volumetric power density.

In order to realize insulation and ensure safety for high voltage, the fuel cell module 1000 in this embodiment further includes an insulation plate group 700 disposed on the upper tank 310 and/or the stack 200, and the copper bar assembly 510 and the upper tank 310/stack 200 are distributed on two sides of the insulation plate group 700.

In order to realize the insulation between the high-voltage through terminal and the housing 300 and the insulation between the positive copper bar 511 and the negative copper bar 512 and the housing 300, in the present embodiment, the insulation board assembly 700 includes a first insulation board 710 disposed on the upper case 310; the positive output terminal 520 and the negative output terminal 530 penetrate the first insulating plate 710 with a gap therebetween.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the positive connector 540 and the negative connector 550 are perpendicular to the output terminal, the first insulating plate 710 is provided with a terminal installation hole, the first insulating plate 710 is convexly provided with a guide cylinder 411 for the positive connector 540 and the negative connector 550 to pass through, the terminal installation hole is perpendicular to the guide cylinder 411, and after the assembly and the alignment, the connection portion of the positive copper bar 511 and the connection portion of the negative copper bar 512 are located between the guide cylinder 411 and the high-voltage through terminal.

In order to facilitate the operation of the positive connector 540 and the negative connector 550 outside the casing 300 after the upper case 310 and the lower case 320 are fastened together, in this embodiment, the positive output terminal 520 and the negative output terminal 530 are disposed above one of the cell stacks 200 located outside, the two output terminals should be parallel to the edge of the casing 300 as much as possible and simultaneously close to the edge of the casing 300, and the casing 300 is correspondingly provided with process holes for disposing the positive connector 540 and the negative connector 550.

In order to facilitate hoisting the galvanic pile 200 into the lower box 320 one by one, and to facilitate connection and assembly, the disassembly and assembly adjustment of being convenient for, the depth of the upper box 310 is greater than that of the lower box 320, under the premise of meeting other requirements, the lower box 320 is designed into a shallow structure, the positioning of the galvanic pile 200 is convenient to fix and the copper bar component 510 is connected fixedly, and meanwhile, the upper box 310 is enabled to have a space for arranging the process holes.

In order to ensure the sealing of the fuel cell module 1000 after assembly, in the present embodiment, the fuel cell module 1000 further includes a cover 330 for sealing the process hole, and the cover 330 is detachably disposed on the upper case 310.

Because this embodiment does not inject the relation of connection and the length of each copper bar in the copper bar subassembly 510, so the mode of can carrying out is a lot of, probably leads to copper bar subassembly 510 to include long copper bar and/or split type copper bar that covers two electric heaps 200 at least, in order to guarantee long copper bar in the ascending high stability of electric heap 200 emission direction, is provided with support piece 517 on long copper bar, in order to guarantee the electrically conductive intercommunication of split type copper bar, is provided with the connecting piece on the split type copper bar. In order to achieve insulation, the insulation plate group 700 includes at least one second insulation plate 720 disposed on the upper case 310 and at least one third insulation plate 730 disposed on the stack 200; a second insulation plate 720 is located at the supporter 517 and/or at the connector; at least one third insulation board 730 is located the connecting piece department, and the connecting piece clamp of split type copper bar is located between second insulation board 720 and the third insulation, guarantees the insulation of connecting piece department.

In order to simplify the installation, in this embodiment, the copper bar where the positive electrode connecting portion 518 is located and the copper bar where the negative electrode connecting portion 519 is located are respectively connected to the two stacks 200 located on the outer side, and preferably, the other copper bars of the copper bar assembly 510 are connected to the two adjacent stacks 200.

Due to the above layout, it is inevitable that the arrangement of at least the positive copper bar 511 or the negative copper bar 512 needs to cover at least two electric stacks 200, and in order to ensure the height in the discharge direction of the electric stacks 200, taking three electric stacks 200 as an example, the positive copper bar 511 or the negative copper bar 512 crossing at least two electric stacks 200 is provided with the supporting piece 517; the connecting copper bar 513 of the copper bar assembly 510 in embodiment 1 includes a first copper bar 514 and a second copper bar 515, that is, the above-mentioned split copper bar is formed, and the auxiliary fastener 516 connecting the first copper bar 514 and the second copper bar 515 forms the above-mentioned connecting member. In this embodiment, for insulation, the supporting member 517 is a bolt, and the portion of the bolt for connecting the stack 200 is an insulating screw. The second insulating plate 720 is two, one of which is located at the supporting member 517, so as to insulate the head of the supporting member 517 from the upper case 310; another second insulation plate 720 covers the auxiliary fasteners 516 of the two connecting copper bars 513 at the same time to achieve insulation between the heads of the auxiliary fasteners 516 and the upper case 310. The number of the third insulating plates 730 is two, and the third insulating plates are respectively located at positions corresponding to the auxiliary fasteners 516 on the two stacks 200, so as to insulate the tail portions of the auxiliary fasteners 516 from the stacks 200.

This application does not do the restriction to the surface insulation material of insulating board, can select according to actual demand, and in this embodiment, first insulating board 710, second insulating board 720 and third insulating board 730 all adopt the epoxy material.

Through the above-mentioned structure of high-voltage component, can solve the electric pile 200 integrated in-process and compromise the difficulty of electric clearance, creepage distance and electric safety requirement to improve the electric safety of electric pile 200 integrated. The method and the device can meet the high-voltage design fault tolerance requirement of the galvanic pile 200 in the process of integrating the galvanic pile 200, allow the relative positions of the current collecting plates at two ends of a single galvanic pile 200 to change in the actual operation process, have certain deviation in the size of the single running galvanic pile 200 in the stacking direction, and reduce the risk that the galvanic pile 200 cannot be assembled.

During assembly, each copper bar in the copper bar assembly 510 is connected with the output electrode of the corresponding galvanic pile 200 in advance, the galvanic piles 200 can be separately and fixedly connected with the lower box body 320, after the final positions of the copper bars and the galvanic piles 200 are determined to be correct, the auxiliary fasteners 516 are used for connecting the second copper bars 515 of the first copper bars 514 of the fixedly connected copper bars 513, and the series connection of at least two galvanic piles 200 is completed. The positive output terminal 520 and the negative output terminal 530 are pre-installed on the upper box 310 of the fuel cell module 1000, after the upper box 310 and the lower box 320 are buckled, the positive output terminal 520 is aligned with the bending section of the positive copper bar 511, the negative output terminal 530 is aligned with the bending section of the negative copper bar 512, and the positive output terminal 520 and the negative output terminal are butted to be positioned on the side surface of the output terminal, the positive connecting piece 540 and the negative connecting piece 550 are assembled through the side surface process hole of the upper box 310, and the assembly is completed.

Example 2:

based on the same inventive concept, the present embodiment provides a fuel cell module 1000, and the fuel cell module 1000 adopts a multi-stack integration scheme, including more than two electric stacks 200. That is, the fuel cell module 1000 may adopt a double stack integration, a three stack integration, a four stack integration, a six stack integration, and the like. Each galvanic pile 200 of the fuel cell module 1000 is arranged along the short side direction parallel to the bipolar plate in the galvanic pile 200, that is, each galvanic pile 200 of the fuel cell module 1000 is vertically arranged and distributed at intervals along the short side direction of the bipolar plate, and the inter-pile spacing is used for wiring, arranging parts such as high-voltage copper bars and the like. In the present embodiment, the fuel cell module 1000 includes three stacks 200, and the number of the repeating units (bipolar plates + membrane electrodes) in the three stacks 200 is the same, so that the heights (the dimensions in the stacking direction of the repeating units) of the three stacks 200 are substantially uniform.

Since the fuel cell module 1000 employs a multi-stack integration scheme and the internal structure is more complex than that of a single stack scheme, factors affecting the performance of the entire stack, such as the arrangement of manifold assemblies, the arrangement of low-voltage wiring, and the drainage performance of the stack, need to be comprehensively considered. Referring specifically to fig. 24 to 26, in the present embodiment, each stack 200 of the fuel cell module 1000 is a "left stack" and is vertically arranged, and in this arrangement, the specific structures of each stack 200, the manifold assembly 100 and the high-low pressure assembly of the fuel cell module 1000 are as follows:

in order to improve the drainage performance, in some embodiments, each stack 200 of the fuel cell module 1000 is configured such that the bipolar plates have a horizontal direction projection component and the stacking direction of the bipolar plates has a vertical direction projection component. The bipolar plate has a horizontal projection component, that is, the bipolar plate of the stack 200 has an angle with or is parallel to the horizontal plane, preferably the bipolar plate is parallel to the horizontal plane; the stacking direction of the bipolar plates has a vertical direction projection component, that is, the height direction of the stack 200 has an angle with the vertical direction or is parallel to the vertical direction, and preferably the height direction is parallel to the vertical direction. Through all putting the setting vertically with three galvanic pile 200, in every galvanic pile 200, the equal level of each repetitive unit sets up, and the advantage lies in: the vertical phase is horizontal, so that the discharge of the produced water is facilitated, the poor water plugging is avoided, and the advantage is particularly remarkable especially under the severe working conditions such as cold start. Meanwhile, the vertical device is arranged horizontally, so that the waist collapse of the galvanic pile can be effectively prevented, and the advantage is particularly remarkable under the severe working condition of Z-direction (vertical direction) vibration or large impact.

In consideration of the inconsistency of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the gas diffusion layer on the membrane electrode of the stack 200 and the coating on the bipolar plate, in order to further optimize the drainage performance of the stack 200, in the present embodiment, each stack 200 is a "left stack", and three stacks 200 are integrated as an example, so that the three stacks 200 form a "left-left" arrangement. That is, the anodes of the membrane electrodes of the three stacks 200 face the same direction and all face the blind end. In this embodiment, the gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode is made of a hydrophobic material, and the outer surface of the bipolar plate is provided with a hydrophobic coating. By adopting the hydrophobic gas diffusion layer matched with the hydrophobic coating of the bipolar plate, water produced by the cathode of the membrane electrode can be quickly discharged to the surface of the gas diffusion layer under the triple actions of the hydrophobic carbon paper, the hydrophobic coating and gravity, thereby being beneficial to water discharge; further, the contact angle of the hydrophobic coating of the bipolar plate is smaller than the contact angle of the gas diffusion layer, that is to say 90 ° < contact angle of the bipolar plate coating < contact angle of the gas diffusion layer. The bipolar plate coating is more hydrophilic than a gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode, and water generated by cathode reaction can be quickly discharged to the surface of the gas diffusion layer and quickly discharged from a bipolar plate flow channel under the gradient action of the gas diffusion layer and the bipolar plate coating, so that the water is favorably discharged. Other unrefined structures of the stacks 200 of the fuel cell module 1000 in this embodiment can refer to the related disclosure of the prior art, and are not described herein.

In order to cooperate with the stack 200 to form a complete fuel cell module, the fuel cell module 1000 further includes the air distribution assembly 100, the housing 300, the voltage inspection device 400, and the high voltage assembly 500. A mounting cavity 301 is provided in the housing 300, each cell stack 200 is located in the mounting cavity 301, and the cell stacks 200 are arranged side by side. The air distribution assembly 100 is in communication with each cell stack 200 for providing an oxidizing medium (e.g., air), a reducing medium (e.g., hydrogen), and a cooling medium (e.g., coolant) to each cell stack 200. This distribution subassembly 100 and voltage inspection device 400 specifically can adopt built-in or external scheme, also according to actual need, can locate distribution subassembly 100 and voltage inspection device 400 outside or inside casing 100. The air distribution assembly 100, the voltage inspection device 400 and the high voltage assembly 500 may adopt the corresponding structure of the above embodiment 1, or adopt the related disclosure of the prior art, and the specific content of the present application is not limited.

Example 3:

based on the same inventive concept, the present embodiment provides a fuel cell module 1000, and the fuel cell module 1000 adopts a multi-stack integration scheme, including more than two electric stacks 200. That is, the fuel cell module 1000 may adopt a double stack integration, a three stack integration, a four stack integration, a six stack integration, and the like. Each galvanic pile 200 of the fuel cell module 1000 is arranged along the short side direction parallel to the bipolar plate in the galvanic pile 200, that is, each galvanic pile 200 of the fuel cell module 1000 is vertically arranged and distributed at intervals along the short side direction of the bipolar plate, and the inter-pile spacing is used for wiring, arranging parts such as high-voltage copper bars and the like. In this embodiment, the fuel cell module 1000 includes three stacks 200, and the number of the repeating units (bipolar plates + membrane electrodes) in the three stacks 200 is the same, so that the heights (the dimensions in the stacking direction of the repeating units) of the three stacks 200 are substantially uniform.

Because the fuel cell module 1000 employs a multi-stack integration scheme and the internal structure is more complex than a single-stack scheme, factors affecting the performance of the entire stack, such as the arrangement of manifold components, the arrangement of low-voltage wiring, and the drainage performance of the stack, need to be comprehensively considered. Referring specifically to fig. 27 to 30, in the present embodiment, each cell stack 200 of the fuel cell module 1000 is a "right stack", and each cell stack 200 is disposed laterally, and in this arrangement, the specific structures of each cell stack 200, the manifold assembly 100, and the high-low pressure assembly of the fuel cell module 1000 are as follows:

in order to improve the drainage performance, referring to fig. 27 to 30, in some embodiments, each stack 200 of the fuel cell module 1000 is configured such that the bipolar plates have a vertical direction projection component and the stacking direction of the bipolar plates has a horizontal direction projection component. The bipolar plate has a vertical direction projection component, that is, the bipolar plate of the stack 200 has a certain included angle with the vertical plane or is parallel to the vertical plane, preferably, the bipolar plate is parallel to the vertical plane, and the long side is parallel to the vertical direction; the stacking direction of the bipolar plates has a horizontal direction projection component, that is, the height direction of the stack 200 has an angle with the horizontal direction or is parallel to the vertical direction, and preferably the height direction is parallel to the horizontal direction.

Thus, each stack 200 is arranged laterally. That is, in each stack 200, the respective repeating units (bipolar plates + membrane electrodes) are arranged with the short side parallel to the ground and the long side perpendicular to the ground. Because the flow channel of the active area of the bipolar plate is generally parallel to the long edge of the bipolar plate, the flow channel direction is consistent with the gravity action direction by adopting the lateral arrangement, and the discharge of water generated by the reactor reaction is more facilitated under the combined action of the gravity assistance and the gas purging.

To further improve the drainage performance, in some embodiments, the oxidizing medium inlet, the reducing medium outlet, and the cooling medium inlet of the stack 200 are located at the upper end of the inlet end plate 210, and the oxidizing medium outlet, the reducing medium inlet, and the cooling medium outlet are located at the lower end of the inlet end plate 210. Taking a hydrogen fuel cell as an example, the oxidizing medium, the reducing medium, and the cooling medium are air, hydrogen, and cooling liquid, respectively, 6 fluid inlets and outlets 250 are provided on the air intake end plate 210 of the stack 200, and the 6 fluid inlets and outlets are distributed on two sides of the air intake end plate 210 and are distributed in a central symmetry manner, wherein the air inlet 251, the hydrogen outlet 254, and the cooling liquid inlet 255 are located at the upper end of the air intake end plate 210, and the air outlet 252, the hydrogen inlet 253, and the cooling liquid outlet 256 are located at the lower end of the air intake end plate 210, as shown in fig. 29.

By adopting the arrangement mode, the air flow channel meets the design principle of 'inlet from top to bottom', namely, air flows in from the upper part and is discharged from the lower part, and the air flow direction is consistent with the gravity acceleration direction; the hydrogen flow channel meets the design principle of 'bottom-in and top-out', namely, hydrogen flows in from the lower part and is discharged from the upper part, the flow direction of the hydrogen is opposite to the direction of the gravity acceleration, and the hydrogen side (anode) is favorably self-humidified; the coolant flow channel satisfies "go into down" design principle, and the coolant liquid flows in from the upper portion promptly, discharges from the lower part, and coolant liquid flowing direction is unanimous with the acceleration of gravity direction, and the advantage lies in: under the action of gravity, the cooling liquid flow is facilitated, the flow resistance loss of a cooling cavity pipeline is reduced, the system cooling liquid pump is convenient to select types under high cooling liquid flow, and the difficulty in matching of the system is reduced. And, the air inlet 251 and the hydrogen inlet 253 are arranged at two ends of the air inlet end plate 210, so that convection current is formed between the air and the hydrogen, and the self-humidification performance of the electric pile 200 is improved.

In consideration of the inconsistency of the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the carbon paper on the membrane electrode of the stack 200 and the coating on the bipolar plate, in order to further optimize the drainage performance of the stack 200, in this embodiment, the gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode is made of a hydrophobic material, and the outer surface of the bipolar plate is provided with a hydrophobic coating. By adopting the hydrophobic gas diffusion layer matched with the bipolar plate hydrophobic coating, water produced by the cathode of the membrane electrode can be quickly discharged to the surface of the gas diffusion layer under the action of the hydrophobic carbon paper and the hydrophobic coating, thereby being beneficial to water discharge; meanwhile, when the galvanic pile 200 is laterally arranged, the flow channel direction is consistent with the gravity direction, and water generated by the cathode of the membrane electrode can be discharged out of the galvanic pile 200 in time under the gravity assisting effect, so that the drainage capability of the galvanic pile 200 is improved, the flooding of the galvanic pile under high current density can be relieved, and the consistency and the reliability of the galvanic pile are improved.

Further, the contact angle of the hydrophobic coating of the bipolar plate is smaller than the contact angle of the gas diffusion layer, that is to say 90 ° < contact angle of the bipolar plate coating < contact angle of the gas diffusion layer. The bipolar plate coating is more hydrophilic than a gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode, and water generated by cathode reaction can be quickly discharged to the surface of the gas diffusion layer and quickly discharged from a bipolar plate flow channel under the gradient action of the gas diffusion layer and the bipolar plate coating, so that the water is favorably discharged.

Since all three stacks in the fuel cell module 1000 are side-on, the air distribution assembly 100 must be disposed on the side of the stack 200, near the inlet end plate 210. Referring to fig. 27 to 30, in the present embodiment, the air distribution assembly 100 is a split structure, and includes two module units, namely, a first air distribution unit 110 and a second air distribution unit 120, where the two module units are respectively connected to two ends of the air inlet end plate 210 of the stack 200, that is, the first air distribution unit 110 is connected to a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet of one end of the air inlet end plate 210 of the stack 200, and the second air distribution unit 120 is connected to a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet of the other end of the air inlet end plate 210 of the stack 200. The first air distribution unit and the second air distribution unit are respectively provided with a distribution manifold 130 and an air distribution manifold flange 140 for abutting fluid inlets and outlets, and the distribution manifold 130 is used for an oxidizing medium (in this embodiment, air is taken as an example) to enter and exit the stack/casing, a cooling medium (in this embodiment, cooling liquid is taken as an example) to enter and exit the stack/casing, and a reducing medium (in this embodiment, hydrogen is taken as an example) to enter and exit the stack/casing.

Because the inlet end plates 210 of the three stacks 200 are all provided with 6 fluid inlets and outlets 250, the 6 fluid inlets and outlets are distributed on the upper side and the lower side of the inlet end plate 210 and are distributed in a central symmetry manner. The 3 fluid access & exit that lie in one side wherein do respectively: air inlet 251, coolant outlet 256, hydrogen outlet 254, the 3 fluid access ports on the other side are: hydrogen inlet 253, coolant inlet 255, air exhaust 252. Correspondingly, the first air distribution unit 110 and the second air distribution unit 120 are both provided with three distribution manifolds 130, the three distribution manifolds 130 of the first air distribution unit 110 are respectively an air inlet distribution manifold 130a, a hydrogen outlet distribution manifold 130b and an inlet distribution cooling liquid manifold 130f, and the three distribution manifolds 130 corresponding to the second air distribution unit 120 are respectively an air outlet distribution manifold 130d, a hydrogen inlet distribution manifold 130e and an outlet distribution cooling liquid manifold 130c, as shown in fig. 28.

Wherein: the air inlet and distribution manifold 130a and the air outlet and distribution manifold 130d are used for air circulation, and the air inlet and distribution manifold 130a and the air outlet and distribution manifold 130d are both configured to have a vertical direction projection component, for example, the air inlet and distribution manifold 130a and the air outlet and distribution manifold 130d are both vertical pipes or have an angle not larger than 45 ° with the vertical plane. In the air inlet and distribution manifold 130a and the air outlet and distribution manifold 130d, the branch pipes 132 are located on the same vertical plane as the main pipe 131, or directly above/below the main pipe 131.

The hydrogen inlet and

distribution manifolds

130e and 130b are used for hydrogen to flow through, and the hydrogen inlet and

distribution manifolds

130e and 130b are disposed to have a horizontal direction projection component and a vertical direction projection component, that is, the hydrogen inlet and

distribution manifolds

130e and 130b are inclined with respect to the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. The distribution manifold 130 through which the hydrogen gas flows is arranged in the above manner, mainly because the hydrogen gas has a small flow rate and does not occupy too much space, and thus is suitable for being arranged between the air distribution manifold 130 and the coolant distribution manifold 130. Considering that part of the electric pile can reuse the hydrogen discharged from the pile, namely, the hydrogen inlet pipe is communicated with a bypass pipe for introducing the hydrogen discharged from the pile. To this end, the main conduit 131 of the hydrogen inlet and distribution manifold 130e has two openings, one for hydrogen inlet and the other for communication with the hydrogen recovery line, as shown in fig. 28.

The inlet coolant manifold 130f and the outlet coolant manifold 130c are used for flowing coolant, and the inlet coolant manifold 130f and the outlet coolant manifold 130c are both configured to have a horizontal direction projection component, for example, the inlet coolant manifold 130f and the outlet coolant manifold 130c are both horizontal pipes or have an angle of not more than 45 ° with the horizontal plane. In the feed distribution coolant manifold 130f and the discharge distribution coolant manifold 130c, the branch pipe 132 is located at the same level as the main pipe 131, or is located obliquely above/below the main pipe 131. The distribution manifold 130 for the cooling liquid to flow through adopts the above arrangement, mainly because the cooling liquid is liquid and has a larger flow rate, and the cooling liquid distribution manifold 130 is closer to the horizontal plane, so that the length of the cooling liquid flowing branch is shortest, and the generation of too large pressure loss can be avoided. And the inlet and distribution cooling liquid manifold 130f is located above the discharge and distribution cooling liquid manifold 130c, and the cooling liquid is discharged from the upper part and the lower part, so that the cooling efficiency is improved, and the discharge and distribution cooling liquid manifold 130c is located below, so that the reaction water collected at the bottom under the action of gravity can be discharged conveniently. The cooling liquid goes in and out from the top, and is beneficial to discharging water generated by the cathode under the action of gravity; do benefit to and reduce cooling circuit pressure loss, water pump operating pressure is little for less power water pump can satisfy the user demand of this fuel cell module, thereby reduces the adaptation degree of difficulty of water pump among the thermal management subsystem.

In this embodiment, other structures (such as shapes and connection structures of the branch pipes 132 and the main pipe 131) of the distribution manifold 130 that are not described in detail can be referred to in the above embodiments 1 or 2, and are not described herein again.

Referring specifically to fig. 27 to 30, in the embodiment, the voltage inspection device 400 is a built-in type, and is installed in the housing. Since each stack is side-discharge in this embodiment, the voltage inspection device 400 is located between the inlet end plate 210 and the dead end plate 220 of one of the stacks 200, as shown in fig. 28.

Referring to fig. 28, the voltage inspection device 400 and the distribution assembly 100 are disposed on different sides of two or more stacks for easy arrangement. For a single stack, limited by the number of repeating units, the height of the single stack (the dimension of electroplating in the stacking direction of the bipolar plates) is generally smaller than the dimension of the long sides of the bipolar plates, and for the convenience of arranging the voltage inspection device 400, the length direction of the voltage inspection device 400 in this embodiment is perpendicular to the stacking direction of the bipolar plates of the stack 200 and parallel to the long sides of the bipolar plates. The voltage inspection device 400 is disposed at a side of one of the electric stacks 200, specifically, near a repeating unit of one of the electric stacks 200 located at an outer side, and the positive copper bar 511 or the negative copper bar 512 of the high voltage assembly 500 is disposed at a side of the other electric stack 200 opposite to the voltage inspection device 400.

Referring to fig. 28, the voltage inspection device 400 is provided with an inspection connector 440 and a communication/power supply connector 450, and the inspection connector 440 is used for inserting and connecting an inspection harness of the stack. Patrol and examine connector 440 and be the standard component, the conventional PIN foot quantity of patrolling and examining connector 440 between 24 ~ 40, patrol and examine the total number of PIN foot that patrols and examines connector 440 on circuit board 410 respectively and should not be less than the quantity of the battery cell of whole fuel cell module. Moreover, it is more preferable that the number of the single cells in a single electric pile 200 is an integral multiple of the number of the PIN PINs of the inspection connector 440, so as to avoid the situation that one inspection connector 440 connects two electric piles 200. The communication/power supply connector 450 is used for connecting a communication wire and a power supply wire (the communication wire and the power supply wire can also be integrated into a wire harness), transmitting the inspection signal of the CVM to an upper computer, and supplying power. The communication/power connector 450 is also a standard component, and typically the communication connector and the power connector are integrated into one connector, and the communication/power connector 450 is mounted on one of the inspection circuit boards 410 in the voltage inspection device 400.

Referring to fig. 28, in order to reduce the volume of the entire fuel cell module, in the present embodiment, the inspection connectors 440 are disposed on two opposite sides of the voltage inspection device 400, and are respectively close to the inlet end plate 210 and the blind end plate 220, and double-sided wiring is adopted, so that the number of single-sided wiring harnesses is reduced compared to single-sided wiring, and the wiring is facilitated. And, adopt two side connections, compare in unilateral connection, voltage inspection device 400 whole thickness reduces, is favorable to reducing the volume of fuel cell module.

Referring to fig. 27 to 30, in the embodiment, the high voltage assembly 500 is electrically connected to the output electrode of the stack 200 for outputting the voltage generated by the fuel cell stack 200, and for convenience of arrangement and interference avoidance, the voltage inspection device 400, the high voltage assembly 500 and the air distribution assembly 100 are distributed on different side surfaces of the stack.

Specifically, high-voltage component 500 includes copper bar subassembly 510 and output terminal, and in the installation cavity 301 of casing 300 was located to copper bar subassembly 510, copper bar subassembly 510 was used for connecting the output pole and the output terminal of pile 200, and copper bar subassembly 510 can be according to actual need certain angle of buckling, but copper bar subassembly 510's the cover surface and CVM place side not coplane, reduce electromagnetic interference, improve and detect the precision. The output terminals are generally provided with two as the whole high-voltage output interface of the fuel cell module 1000: a positive output terminal 520 and a negative output terminal 530. The positive output terminal 520 and the negative output terminal 530 are both penetratingly mounted on the housing 300, and are mechanically and electrically connected with the copper bar assembly 510 by metal bolts. Referring to fig. 27, a positive output terminal 520 and a negative output terminal 530 are provided at the top end of the fuel cell module 1000.

The copper bar assembly 510 is used to connect the output poles of the respective stacks 200 in series and form a positive pole connection portion 518 and a negative pole connection portion 519. The positive output terminal 520 is connected with the positive connecting part 518 through the positive connecting part 540, the negative output terminal 530 is connected with the negative connecting part 519 through the negative connecting part 550, so that circulation of a circuit is realized, a high-voltage through terminal formed by the positive output terminal 520 and the negative output terminal 530 is used for connecting a high-voltage copper bar assembly 510 and a DC/DC converter of a battery pack, current is output to the DC/DC converter, integration of more than two electric piles 200 can be realized, large current is output, higher battery efficiency is achieved, and high-power electric pile power output of power boosting of the small-power electric pile 200 can be realized.

Referring to fig. 27, in the present embodiment, the positive electrode connection portion 518 and the negative electrode connection portion 519 are both parallel to the axial direction of the positive electrode output terminal 520 and the negative electrode output terminal 530, and are both perpendicular to the stacking direction of the bipolar plates. In this embodiment, reference may be made to embodiment 1 for other structures of the high voltage assembly 500 not described in detail, and details are not described herein.

Example 4:

Because the fuel cell module 1000 employs a multi-stack integration scheme and the internal structure is more complex than a single-stack scheme, factors affecting the performance of the entire stack, such as the arrangement of manifold components, the arrangement of low-voltage wiring, and the drainage performance of the stack, need to be comprehensively considered. Referring specifically to fig. 31 and 32, in the present embodiment, each stack 200 of the fuel cell module 1000 is a "left stack", and each stack 200 is disposed laterally, and in this arrangement, the specific structures of each stack 200, the manifold assembly 100, and the high-low pressure assembly of the fuel cell module 1000 are as follows:

in order to improve the drainage performance, referring to fig. 31 and 32, in some embodiments, each stack 200 of the fuel cell module 1000 is configured such that the bipolar plates have a vertical direction projection component and the stacking direction of the bipolar plates has a horizontal direction projection component. The bipolar plate has a projection component in the vertical direction, that is, the bipolar plate of the stack 200 has a certain included angle with the vertical plane or is parallel to the vertical plane, preferably, the bipolar plate is parallel to the vertical plane, and the long side is parallel to the vertical direction; the stacking direction of the bipolar plates has a horizontal direction projection component, that is, the height direction of the stack 200 has an angle with the horizontal direction or is parallel to the vertical direction, and preferably the height direction is parallel to the horizontal direction.

Thus, each cell stack 200 is laterally disposed. That is, in each stack 200, the respective repeating units (bipolar plates + membrane electrodes) are arranged with the short side parallel to the ground and the long side perpendicular to the ground. Because the flow channel of the active area of the bipolar plate is generally parallel to the long edge of the bipolar plate, the flow channel direction is consistent with the gravity action direction by adopting the lateral arrangement, and the discharge of water generated by the reactor reaction is more facilitated under the combined action of the gravity assistance and the gas purging.

In consideration of the inconsistency of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the carbon paper on the membrane electrode of the stack 200 and the coating on the bipolar plate, in order to further optimize the drainage performance of the stack 200, in this embodiment, the gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode is made of a hydrophobic material, and the outer surface of the bipolar plate is provided with a hydrophobic coating. By adopting the hydrophobic gas diffusion layer matched with the bipolar plate hydrophobic coating, water produced by the cathode of the membrane electrode can be quickly discharged to the surface of the gas diffusion layer under the action of the hydrophobic carbon paper and the hydrophobic coating, thereby being beneficial to water discharge; meanwhile, when the galvanic pile 200 is laterally arranged, the flow channel direction is consistent with the gravity direction, and water generated by the cathode of the membrane electrode is favorably drained out of the galvanic pile 200 in time under the action of gravity assistance, so that the drainage capacity of the galvanic pile 200 is improved, the galvanic pile flooding under high current density is favorably relieved, and the consistency and the reliability of the galvanic pile are improved.

In order to cooperate with the stack 200 to form a complete fuel cell module, the fuel cell module 1000 further includes the air distribution assembly 100, the housing, the voltage inspection device 400, and the high voltage assembly 500. A mounting cavity 301 is provided in the housing 300, each cell stack 200 is located in the mounting cavity 301, and the cell stacks 200 are arranged side by side. The air distribution assembly 100 is in communication with each stack 200 for providing an oxidizing medium (e.g., air), a reducing medium (e.g., hydrogen), and a cooling medium (e.g., coolant) to each stack 200. This distribution subassembly 100 and voltage inspection device 400 specifically can adopt built-in or external scheme, also according to actual need, can locate distribution subassembly 100 and voltage inspection device 400 outside or inside casing 100. The valve timing assembly 100 and the voltage inspection device 400 can adopt the relevant disclosure of the prior art, and the specific content of the application is not limited.

Since all three stacks in the fuel cell module 1000 are side-by-side, the air distribution assembly 100 must be disposed on the side of the stack 200, near the inlet end plate 210. Referring to fig. 31 and 32, in the present embodiment, the air distribution assembly 100 is a split structure, and includes two module units, namely, a first air distribution unit 110 and a second air distribution unit 120, where the two module units are respectively connected to two ends of the air inlet end plate 210 of the stack 200, that is, the first air distribution unit 110 is connected to a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet of one end of the air inlet end plate 210 of the stack 200, and the second air distribution unit 120 is connected to a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet of the other end of the air inlet end plate 210 of the stack 200. The first air distribution unit and the second air distribution unit are respectively provided with a distribution manifold 130 and an air distribution manifold flange 140 for abutting fluid inlets and outlets, and the distribution manifold 130 is used for an oxidizing medium (in this embodiment, air is taken as an example) to enter and exit the stack/casing, a cooling medium (in this embodiment, cooling liquid is taken as an example) to enter and exit the stack/casing, and a reducing medium (in this embodiment, hydrogen is taken as an example) to enter and exit the stack/casing.

Because the inlet end plates 210 of the three stacks 200 are all provided with 6 fluid inlets and outlets 250, the 6 fluid inlets and outlets are distributed on the upper side and the lower side of the inlet end plate 210 and are distributed in central symmetry. The 3 fluid access & exit that lie in one side wherein do respectively: air intlet, coolant liquid row mouth, hydrogen row mouth, 3 fluid access & exit that are located the opposite side are respectively: hydrogen inlet, coolant inlet, air outlet. Correspondingly, the first air distribution unit 110 and the second air distribution unit 120 are both provided with three distribution manifolds 130, the three distribution manifolds 130 of the first air distribution unit 110 are respectively an air inlet distribution manifold 130a, a hydrogen outlet distribution manifold 130b, and a distributed cooling liquid manifold 130c, and the three distribution manifolds 130 corresponding to the second air distribution unit 120 are respectively an air outlet distribution manifold 130d, a hydrogen inlet distribution manifold 130e, and a distributed cooling liquid manifold 130f, as shown in fig. 32.

The hydrogen inlet and

distribution manifolds

130e and 130b are used for hydrogen to flow through, and the hydrogen inlet and

distribution manifolds

130e and 130b are inclined with respect to the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. The distribution manifold 130 through which the hydrogen gas flows is arranged in the above manner, mainly because the hydrogen gas has a small flow rate and does not occupy too much space, and thus is suitable for being arranged between the air distribution manifold 130 and the coolant distribution manifold 130. Considering that part of the electric pile can reuse the hydrogen discharged from the pile, namely, the hydrogen inlet pipe is communicated with a bypass pipe for introducing the hydrogen discharged from the pile. To this end, the main conduit 131 of the hydrogen inlet and distribution manifold 130e has two openings, one for hydrogen inlet and the other for communication with the hydrogen recovery line, as shown in fig. 32.

The inlet coolant manifold 130f and the outlet coolant manifold 130c are used for flowing coolant, and the inlet coolant manifold 130f and the outlet coolant manifold 130c are both configured to have a horizontal projection component, for example, the inlet coolant manifold 130f and the outlet coolant manifold 130c are both horizontal pipes or form an angle of not more than 45 ° with the horizontal plane. In the feed distribution coolant manifold 130f and the discharge distribution coolant manifold 130c, the branch pipe 132 is located at the same level as the main pipe 131, or is located obliquely above/below the main pipe 131. The distribution manifold 130 for the cooling liquid to flow through adopts the above arrangement, mainly because the cooling liquid is liquid and has a larger flow rate, and the cooling liquid distribution manifold 130 is closer to the horizontal plane, so that the length of the cooling liquid flowing branch is shortest, and the generation of too large pressure loss can be avoided. And the distribution cooling liquid manifold 130c is located above the distribution cooling liquid manifold 130f, and the cooling liquid flows from bottom to top, namely the cooling liquid enters from bottom to top, which is beneficial to the cooling liquid to fill the cooling path quickly, so as to improve the cooling effect.

Referring to fig. 32, in the embodiment, the voltage inspection device 400 is a built-in type, and is installed in the housing. Since each stack is side-discharge in this embodiment, the voltage inspection device 400 is located between the inlet end plate 210 and the dead end plate 220 of one of the stacks 200, as shown in fig. 32. The voltage inspection device 400 and the air distribution assembly 100 are arranged on different sides of more than two galvanic piles, and arrangement is convenient. For a single stack, limited by the number of repeating units, the height of the single stack (the dimension of plating in the stacking direction of the bipolar plates) is generally smaller than the dimension of the long sides of the bipolar plates, and in order to facilitate the arrangement of the voltage inspection device 400, the length direction of the voltage inspection device 400 in this embodiment is perpendicular to the stacking direction of the bipolar plates of the stack 200 and parallel to the long sides of the bipolar plates. The voltage inspection apparatus 400 is disposed at a side of one of the electric stacks 200, specifically, near a repeating unit of one of the electric stacks 200 located at an outer side, and the positive copper bar 511 or the negative copper bar 512 of the high voltage assembly 500 is disposed at a side of the other electric stack 200 opposite to the voltage inspection apparatus 400.

Referring to fig. 32, the voltage inspection device 400 is provided with an inspection connector 440 and a communication/power supply connector 450, and the inspection connector 440 is used for inserting and connecting an inspection harness of the stack. Patrol and examine connector 440 and be the standard component, the conventional PIN foot quantity of patrolling and examining connector 440 between 24 ~ 40, patrol and examine the total number of PIN foot that patrols and examines connector 440 on circuit board 410 respectively and should not be less than the quantity of the battery cell of whole fuel cell module. Moreover, it is more preferable that the number of the single cells in a single electric pile 200 is an integral multiple of the number of the PIN PINs of the inspection connector 440, so as to avoid the situation that one inspection connector 440 connects two electric piles 200. The communication/power supply connector 450 is used for connecting a communication wire and a power supply wire (the communication wire and the power supply wire can also be integrated into a wire harness), transmitting the inspection signal of the CVM to an upper computer and supplying power. The communication/power connector 450 is also a standard component, and typically the communication connector and the power connector are integrated into one connector, and the communication/power connector 450 is mounted on one of the inspection circuit boards 410 in the voltage inspection device 400.

Referring to fig. 32, in order to reduce the volume of the whole fuel cell module, in the present embodiment, the inspection connectors 440 are distributed on two opposite sides of the voltage inspection device 400, and are respectively close to the air inlet end plate 210 and the dead end plate 220, and double-sided wiring is adopted, so that the number of single-sided wiring harnesses is reduced compared with single-sided wiring, and the wiring is facilitated. And, adopt two side wiring, compare in unilateral wiring, voltage inspection device 400 whole thickness reduces, is favorable to reducing the volume of fuel cell module. The inspection socket 440 may be configured as described in embodiment 1, and the details thereof are not repeated herein.

Referring to fig. 31 and 32, in the embodiment, the high voltage assembly 500 is electrically connected to the output electrode of the stack 200 for outputting the voltage generated by the fuel cell stack 200, and for convenience of arrangement and interference avoidance, the voltage inspection device 400, the high voltage assembly 500 and the air distribution assembly 100 are distributed on different side surfaces of the stack.

The copper bar assembly 510 is used to connect the output poles of the respective stacks 200 in series and form a positive pole connection portion 518 and a negative pole connection portion 519. The positive output terminal 520 is connected with the positive connecting part 518 through the positive connecting piece 540, the negative output terminal 530 is connected with the negative connecting part 519 through the negative connecting piece 550 to realize the circulation of a circuit, a high-voltage through terminal formed by the positive output terminal 520 and the negative output terminal 530 is used for connecting the high-voltage copper bar assembly 510 and the DC/DC converter of the battery pack, and the current is output to the DC/DC converter, so that the integration of more than two electric piles 200 can be realized, large current is output, higher battery efficiency is achieved, and the high-power electric pile power output of power promotion of the small-power electric pile 200 can be realized.

Referring to fig. 32, in the present embodiment, the positive electrode connection portion 518 and the negative electrode connection portion 519 are parallel to the axial direction of the positive electrode output terminal 520 and the negative electrode output terminal 530, and are perpendicular to the stacking direction of the bipolar plates. In this embodiment, reference may be made to embodiment 1 for other structures of the high voltage assembly 500 not described in detail, and details are not described herein.

Example 5:

based on the same inventive concept, the present embodiment provides a fuel cell system, referring specifically to fig. 33, which includes a fuel cell module and a fuel cell auxiliary system, and the fuel cell system can normally operate under the condition of an external fuel supply source. The fuel cell module in the fuel cell system may adopt the fuel cell module in any one of embodiments 1 to 4, and details thereof are not repeated herein.

The fuel cell auxiliary system comprises an air supply subsystem, a fuel supply subsystem, a thermal management subsystem and an automatic control system, wherein the air supply subsystem is used for supplying air to each electric pile of the fuel cell module and selectively processing the air in aspects of filtration, humidification, pressure regulation and the like; the fuel supply subsystem is used for supplying fuel to each electric pile of the fuel cell module, and selectively carrying out humidification, pressure regulation and other aspects on the fuel so as to convert the fuel into fuel gas suitable for running in the fuel cell pile, taking hydrogen as fuel for example, the fuel supply subsystem is communicated with a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet of each electric pile of the fuel cell module; and the heat management subsystem is communicated with each electric pile of the fuel cell module to provide cooling liquid to cool and/or heat the electric pile and recover and treat the water generated by the electric pile.

The automatic control system is electrically connected with the fuel cell module, the air supply subsystem, the fuel supply subsystem and the heat management subsystem respectively, and is an assembly comprising a sensor, an actuator, a valve, a switch and a control logic component, so that the fuel cell system can work normally without manual interference. In other embodiments, the fuel cell auxiliary system may further include a ventilation system for mechanically exhausting the gas inside the cabinet of the fuel cell system to the outside. In the present embodiment, the fuel cell auxiliary system in the fuel cell system is not modified, so that the detailed description can be referred to the related disclosure of the prior art, and will not be described herein.

Example 6:

based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment provides a fuel cell power system, and referring to fig. 34 in particular, the fuel cell power system includes a fuel cell system, a DC/DC converter, a driving motor and its motor controller, and a vehicle-mounted energy storage device, and the fuel cell system may adopt the fuel cell system of embodiment 5, and details thereof are not repeated herein.

The DC/DC converter is electrically connected with each electric pile of the fuel cell system to realize voltage conversion, and the voltage generated by each electric pile is output to high-voltage devices such as a driving motor, an automobile air conditioner compressor and the like and storage devices such as a battery and the like after being regulated. The driving motor is electrically connected with the DC/DC converter and is used for providing torque required by vehicle running; the motor controller is electrically connected with the driving motor to control the starting, stopping, torque output and the like of the driving motor, is connected with the whole vehicle controller to receive driving signals sent by the whole vehicle controller, and can also be selectively electrically connected with an automatic control system of the fuel cell system. The vehicle-mounted energy storage device is used for storing electric energy to supply power to other electronic equipment in the vehicle, and is electrically connected with the DC/DC converter, for example, the vehicle-mounted energy storage device is a storage battery.

In the present embodiment, the DC/DC converter, the driving motor and its motor controller, and the vehicle-mounted energy storage device in the fuel cell power system are not modified, so that reference may be made to the related disclosure of the prior art for more details, and the description thereof is omitted here.

Example 7:

based on the same inventive concept, the present embodiment provides a vehicle, with particular reference to fig. 35, that includes the fuel cell power system of embodiment 6 described above; alternatively, the vehicle may be equipped with the fuel cell system of embodiment 5 described above; or the vehicle may be equipped with the fuel cell module of any of embodiments 1 to 4 described above. In addition, the vehicle needs to include a transmission system that transmits torque to drive the electric motor to rotate the drive wheels, and a fuel storage device for storing fuel that acts like a fuel tank in a fuel-powered vehicle that communicates with a fuel supply subsystem of the fuel cell system via a conduit.

Thus, the vehicle may be a hydrogen energy vehicle or a hydrogen energy + charged hybrid electric vehicle. Since the specific structure of the vehicle is not improved in the embodiment, the structure of the vehicle where no change is made in the embodiment can refer to the prior art, and the specific content is not described herein. Thus, the vehicle has all of the features and advantages previously described for the fuel cell module and will not be described in detail herein.

Through the above embodiment, the present application has the following beneficial effects or advantages:

1) the application provides a fuel cell module can realize carrying out the high-power galvanic pile power output that power promoted through three less power galvanic pile.

2) The application provides a fuel cell module, hydrophobic gas diffusion layer matches hydrophilic bipolar plate coating to apply to the membrane electrode positive pole towards the arrangement mode of inlet end, be favorable to the water discharge of negative pole production.

3) The application provides a fuel cell module is favorable to the water back diffusion that the negative pole generated to the positive pole, improves the wet ability from increasing of galvanic pile, is favorable to alleviating the pressure of the supplementary spare part humidifier of external system.

4) The application provides a fuel cell module, the pile all adopts and erects to put, more is favorable to the discharge of production water, avoids stifled water bad, especially under the abominable operating mode such as cold start, and this advantage is especially prominent. And the galvanic pile all adopts and erects and to put can effectively prevent the galvanic pile waist that collapses, especially under the great abominable operating mode of Z to vibration or impact, this advantage is especially prominent.

5) According to the fuel cell module provided by the application, the three galvanic pile units are connected in series, so that the sizes of parts such as a current collecting plate and a copper bar in a galvanic pile are reduced, the size is reduced, and the cost is reduced; and the matching difficulty of a DC/DC converter (a direct current power supply conversion device) integrated by the system is reduced, and the system adaptability is improved. Taking a single stack with a current range of 0-520A and a voltage range of 291.6-486V as an example, after three stack units are connected in series, the output power of the whole fuel cell module can reach 100 KW. Compared with a single galvanic pile (non-integrated mode), the consistency of the galvanic piles can be effectively improved, the risk of poor consistency caused by excessive single cell number of the single galvanic pile is reduced, and the assembly difficulty is reduced;

6) the application provides a fuel cell module, through the little side of locating the galvanic pile with CVM, CVM can dodge distribution manifold, high-pressure copper bar, reduces electromagnetic interference, improves CVM and detects the precision, optimizes galvanic pile module performance to can reduce voltage and patrol and examine pencil wiring length and the assembly degree of difficulty.

7) The application provides a fuel cell module, the CVM module integrates the design, and CVM inside adopts two PCB structures, and occupation space is few under same channel number, increases fuel cell unit volume power density. Under the condition of multi-stack integration, only a single CVM is adopted, and the fuel cell module has higher CVM module integration level compared with the scheme that each stack is matched with one CVM in the prior art.

8) The application provides a fuel cell module, the distribution subassembly includes first distribution unit and second distribution unit, compares in current integral type, integral distribution subassembly, and the design of two modular unit reduces the manufacturing degree of difficulty to reduction in production cost. The distribution manifolds of the first air distribution unit and the second air distribution unit are both pipe fittings, compared with the existing integrated air distribution assembly, the pipe fittings are smaller in size and better in tolerance performance, and different branch pipelines can be designed according to the structure or layout of each galvanic pile. Each branch pipeline is the angle setting with the trunk line that corresponds respectively, can reduce the pressure loss that produces in the distribution manifold, can also promote the homogeneity of the flow distribution of each galvanic pile.

9) The application provides a fuel cell module, the galvanic pile adopts and erects to put, is favorable to the spatial arrangement of each runner of galvanic pile manifold, and each runner distributes more evenly, and is more regular, can reduce the pressure loss of manifold, improves the homogeneity of each runner of manifold.

10) The application provides a fuel cell module, through setting up above-mentioned high-voltage component, only need last box and lower box encapsulation before, fixed anodal output terminal and negative pole output terminal on last box respectively, set up the copper bar subassembly on the pile, anodal connecting portion/negative pole connecting portion are located the side with the butt joint portion that the high pressure runs through the terminal, only need make this butt joint portion be close to the edge of casing as far as possible, the staff can stretch into the connecting piece through this last box or the fabrication hole that the lower box was seted up and accomplish high-voltage component's connection fixedly in the installation cavity, inconvenient high-voltage component equipment has been solved, be unfavorable for the technical problem that high-voltage component arranged.

11) The application provides a fuel cell module can solve the electric pile integrated in-process and compromise the difficulty of electric clearance, creepage distance and electric safety requirement to improve the electric safety of electric pile integration. The application can meet the high-voltage design fault-tolerant requirement of the fuel cell stack in the stack integration process, allows the relative positions of the current collecting plates at two ends of the fuel cell stack to change in the actual operation process, and reduces the risk that the fuel cell stack cannot be assembled due to certain deviation in the size of the fuel cell stack in the stacking direction.

While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.

Claims

1. A fuel cell module characterized by: the bipolar plate comprises more than two galvanic piles which are arranged in parallel to the short side direction of the bipolar plate in the galvanic pile; the anodes of the membrane electrodes in the two or more galvanic piles face the same direction and face the air inlet end or the blind end.

2. The fuel cell module according to claim 1, wherein: the bipolar plates of the two or more stacks have a horizontal direction projection component, and the stacking direction of the bipolar plates has a vertical direction projection component.

3. The fuel cell module according to claim 2, wherein: the two or more galvanic piles are arranged in a posture that the bipolar plates are parallel to the horizontal plane and the stacking direction of the bipolar plates is parallel to the vertical direction.

4. The fuel cell module according to claim 1, wherein: the bipolar plates of the two or more stacks have a vertical direction projection component, and the stacking direction of the bipolar plates has a horizontal direction projection component.

5. The fuel cell module according to claim 4, wherein: the two or more galvanic piles are arranged in a posture that the long edge of the bipolar plate is parallel to the vertical direction and the stacking direction of the bipolar plate is parallel to the horizontal direction.

6. The fuel cell module according to claim 1, wherein: the gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode is made of hydrophobic materials, and the outer surface of the bipolar plate is provided with a hydrophobic coating.

7. The fuel cell module according to claim 6, wherein: the contact angle of the hydrophobic coating of the bipolar plate is less than the contact angle of the gas diffusion layer.

8. The fuel cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the fuel cell module further includes:

a housing provided with a mounting cavity;

9. The fuel cell module according to claim 8, wherein: the output terminals comprise a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal; the copper bar assembly connects the output electrodes of the two or more galvanic piles in series and forms a positive electrode connecting part and a negative electrode connecting part.

10. The fuel cell module according to claim 9, wherein: the high-voltage component also comprises a positive electrode connecting piece and a negative electrode connecting piece, the positive electrode output terminal is connected with the positive electrode connecting part through the positive electrode connecting piece, and the positive electrode connecting piece and the positive electrode output terminal are arranged at an angle; the negative electrode output terminal is connected with the negative electrode connecting part through the negative electrode connecting piece, and the negative electrode connecting piece and the negative electrode output terminal are arranged at an angle.

11. The fuel cell module according to claim 8, wherein: the air distribution assembly comprises a first air distribution unit and a second air distribution unit; the first air distribution unit and the second air distribution unit respectively comprise more than two distribution manifolds and air distribution manifold flanges for butting fluid inlets and fluid outlets;

12. The fuel cell module according to claim 11, wherein: along the axial direction of the main pipeline, the cross section area of the main pipeline is reduced from the opening of the main pipeline to the tail end of the main pipeline; the cross section area of the main pipeline is larger than that of the corresponding branch pipeline.

13. The fuel cell module according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: the main pipelines of the more than two distribution manifolds in the first air distribution unit/the second air distribution unit are mutually parallel, the branch pipelines of the more than two distribution manifolds are mutually arranged in an angle, and the branch pipelines of the same distribution manifold are mutually parallel and have the same shape.

14. The fuel cell module according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: the distribution manifold flange is provided with guide channels with the same number as the branch pipelines; the cross section of the flow guide channel is set to be in a shape which is similar to a fluid inlet and outlet of an air inlet end plate of the electric pile in a transition mode from a circle.

15. The fuel cell module according to claim 14, wherein: and the gas distribution manifold flange is provided with a sealing groove which is arranged around an opening of the flow guide channel, wherein the opening of the flow guide channel is similar to the shape of a fluid inlet and outlet of a gas inlet end plate of the galvanic pile.

16. The fuel cell module according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: the two or more galvanic piles are arranged in a posture that the bipolar plates are parallel to the horizontal plane and the stacking direction of the bipolar plates is parallel to the vertical direction; the dead end plates of the two or more galvanic piles are positioned above the corresponding air inlet end plates, and the air distribution assembly is arranged on the bottom surfaces of the air inlet end plates of the two or more galvanic piles;

the distribution manifold for the circulation of the reducing agent is arranged to have a horizontal direction projection component and a vertical direction projection component, and the main pipe of the distribution manifold for the flow of the reducing agent into the cell stack has two openings.

17. The fuel cell module according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: the two or more galvanic piles are arranged in a posture that the long edge of the bipolar plate is parallel to the vertical direction and the stacking direction of the bipolar plate is parallel to the horizontal direction; the dead end plates, the air inlet end plates and the air distribution assembly of the more than two galvanic piles are sequentially arranged along the horizontal direction;

18. The fuel cell module according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: the gas distribution assembly is arranged in the installation cavity, and a gas distribution manifold flange of the gas distribution assembly is in butt joint and communicated with the gas inlet end plates of the more than two galvanic piles;

19. The fuel cell module according to claim 8, wherein: the voltage inspection device is arranged in the installation cavity and is fixed between the air inlet end plate and the dead end plate of one of the galvanic piles; the length direction of the voltage inspection device is parallel to the stacking direction of the bipolar plates of the electric pile.

20. The fuel cell module of claim 19, wherein: the voltage inspection device is connected to the air inlet end plate and the dead end plate of one of the electric piles positioned on the outer side, and the voltage inspection device and the gas distribution assembly are arranged on different side surfaces of the more than two electric piles; the connectors on the voltage inspection device are distributed on the same side of the voltage inspection device.

21. The fuel cell module according to claim 8, wherein: the voltage inspection device is arranged in the mounting cavity, the voltage inspection device is positioned between the air inlet end plate and the blind end plate of one of the electric piles, and the voltage inspection device and the air distribution assembly are arranged on different side surfaces of more than two electric piles; the length direction of the voltage inspection device is perpendicular to the stacking direction of the bipolar plates of the galvanic pile.

22. The fuel cell module according to claim 21, wherein: the connector on the voltage inspection device distributes in the opposite both sides of voltage inspection device towards the inlet end and towards the cecum.

23. The fuel cell module according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein: the voltage inspection device includes:

the inspection circuit boards are connected in series through the flat cables;

24. A fuel cell system characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:

a fuel cell module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 23;

25. A fuel cell power system characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:

the fuel cell system of claim 24;

a driving motor electrically connected to the DC/DC converter;

the motor controller is electrically connected with the driving motor;

26. A vehicle, characterized in that: comprising a fuel cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 23;

or, comprising the fuel cell system of claim 24;

alternatively, a fuel cell power system according to claim 25 is included.