CN114142078A - Multifunctional end plate, multi-stack system and fuel cell - Google Patents
Multifunctional end plate, multi-stack system and fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN114142078A CN114142078A CN202111430271.7A CN202111430271A CN114142078A CN 114142078 A CN114142078 A CN 114142078A CN 202111430271 A CN202111430271 A CN 202111430271A CN 114142078 A CN114142078 A CN 114142078A
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- cooling water
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 131
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 113
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 113
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 113
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 96
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2483—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by internal manifolds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2484—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by external manifolds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/249—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional end plate, a multi-stack system and a fuel cell, wherein the multifunctional end plate comprises a plurality of groups of sub-interfaces, a plurality of first interfaces, second interfaces, first pipelines and second pipelines, the first interfaces are correspondingly communicated with a supply device, the second interfaces are correspondingly communicated with a recovery device, the sub-interfaces are correspondingly arranged with a stack, and each group of sub-interfaces comprises a plurality of first sub-interfaces and second sub-interfaces; the inlet of the first pipeline is correspondingly communicated with the first interface, the first pipeline is provided with a plurality of outlets, each outlet is correspondingly communicated with the first sub-interfaces of different groups, and then different reactants are conveyed to each electric pile; the outlet of the second pipeline is correspondingly communicated with the second interface, the second pipeline is provided with a plurality of inlets, each inlet is correspondingly communicated with the second sub-interfaces of different groups, and then the utilized reactant is conveyed to the outside. The invention has higher integration level and resource utilization rate, ensures the output consistency of each galvanic pile and prolongs the service life of the galvanic pile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a multifunctional end plate, a multi-stack system and a fuel cell.
Background
With the increasing demand of fossil fuels, people pay more and more attention to renewable resources. The hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is gradually entering people's lives as one of the environmentally friendly resources. The working principle of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is as follows: the hydrogen is decomposed at the anode under the action of the oxidant to generate hydrogen protons and electrons, the hydrogen protons pass through the proton exchange membrane and react with the oxygen and the electrons transmitted by an external circuit at the cathode, and the product is water, so that the environment is not polluted. Because the oxyhydrogen fuel cell adopts a non-combustion means to convert chemical energy into electric energy, and is not restricted by Carnot cycle, and the direct power generation efficiency of the oxyhydrogen fuel cell reaches 45%, the application of the oxyhydrogen fuel cell reaches various aspects of life, such as application to new energy automobiles, unmanned aerial vehicles, power stations and the like.
Fuel cell vehicles and power generation systems are important applications of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, and currently, a plurality of fuel cell vehicles run, and the running power requirements of the fuel cell vehicles are different from several kilowatts to dozens of kilowatts. For example, a fuel cell bus with a rated power of 60kw is taken as an example, a single required electric stack cannot meet the power requirement, so that double stacks are required to be connected in series to meet the power requirement; for another example, several hundred kilowatts or even megawatts power generation systems require higher stack output power and more stacks for series-parallel integration. However, the current integrated structure of multiple stacks is generally formed by connecting a single stack through a pipeline, that is, the hydrogen inlet and the air outlet of each stack, the air inlet and the air outlet, and the inlet and the outlet of cooling water are connected in parallel through a pipeline, for example, in the patent with the application number of CN202011337633.3, the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet, the air inlet and the air outlet, and the inlet and the outlet of cooling water of each stack are all on the end plates of the stacks, so the end plates of the two stacks are independent from each other, which results in an increase in cost, and the connection of the two stacks through a pipeline may cause many problems:
a. because the reactant and the cooling water have heat, if the reactant and the cooling water pass through a long pipeline, the heat of the reactant can be transferred to the environment, so that the heat is lost;
b. the integration packaging is not facilitated, for example, the double-stack 60kw electric stack is used, if it is applied to a fuel cell automobile, because the pipeline has a certain length and diameter, the pipeline distribution device will occupy a considerable portion of the volume, and the internal integration space of the automobile or the power generation system is greatly affected.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional end plate, a multi-stack system, and a fuel cell with high integration.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a multifunctional end plate is matched with a plurality of external galvanic piles, a plurality of supply devices and a plurality of recovery devices for use, wherein the plurality of supply devices are used for providing different reactants, a plurality of first interfaces, a plurality of second interfaces and a plurality of groups of sub-interfaces are arranged on the multifunctional end plate, the plurality of first interfaces are communicated with the plurality of supply devices in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the plurality of second interfaces are communicated with the recovery devices in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the plurality of groups of sub-interfaces are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner with the plurality of galvanic piles, and each group of sub-interfaces comprises a plurality of first sub-interfaces and a plurality of second sub-interfaces;
a plurality of first pipelines are arranged in the multifunctional end plate, inlets of the first pipelines are communicated with the first interfaces in a one-to-one correspondence mode, each first pipeline is provided with a plurality of outlets, each outlet is correspondingly communicated with the first sub-interfaces in different groups, and then different reactants are conveyed into each electric pile through the first pipelines; still be equipped with a plurality of second pipelines in the multi-functional end plate, the export of a plurality of second pipelines with a plurality of second interface one-to-one intercommunication, every second pipeline has a plurality of entries, and every entry corresponds the second sub-interface that communicates in different groups, and then the reactant after every galvanic pile utilizes passes through the second pipeline is carried to the outside.
Further, the plurality of first interfaces comprise a first air interface, a first hydrogen interface and a first cooling water interface, and the plurality of second interfaces comprise a second air interface, a second hydrogen interface and a second cooling water interface, wherein the first air interface is communicated with an outlet of an external air supply device, the first hydrogen interface is communicated with an outlet of an external hydrogen supply device, the first cooling water interface is communicated with an outlet of the external cooling water supply device, the second air interface is communicated with an inlet of an external air recovery device, the second hydrogen interface is communicated with an inlet of an external hydrogen recovery device, and the second cooling water interface is communicated with an inlet of the external cooling water recovery device;
the plurality of first pipelines include a first air pipeline, a first hydrogen pipeline, a first cooling water pipeline, the plurality of second pipelines include a second air pipeline, a second hydrogen pipeline, a second cooling water pipeline, wherein, the entry of the first air pipeline with first air interface intercommunication, the entry of the first hydrogen pipeline with first hydrogen interface intercommunication, the entry of the first cooling water pipeline with first cooling water interface intercommunication, the export of the second air pipeline with second air interface intercommunication, the export of the second hydrogen pipeline with second hydrogen interface intercommunication, the export of the second cooling water pipeline with second cooling water interface intercommunication.
Further, first air duct, first hydrogen pipeline, first cooling water piping have three export respectively, and second air duct, second hydrogen pipeline, second cooling water piping have three entry respectively, three group's subinterfaces have been seted up on the multi-functional end plate, three group's subinterfaces and the cooperation setting of outside three galvanic pile, every group subinterface includes three first subinterface and three second subinterface.
Preferably, the first hydrogen pipeline is erected on the first cooling water pipeline, and the first cooling water pipeline is erected on the first air pipeline, and at the same time, the second hydrogen pipeline is erected on the second cooling water pipeline, and the second cooling water pipeline is erected on the second air pipeline; or, first hydrogen pipeline with first cooling water piping is located the coplanar, just first air duct erects on the first cooling water piping, simultaneously, second hydrogen pipeline with second cooling water piping is located the coplanar, just second air duct erects on the second cooling water piping.
Further preferably, the first air pipeline and the second air pipeline are located in the same plane, the first hydrogen pipeline and the second hydrogen pipeline are located in the same plane, and the first cooling water pipeline and the second cooling water pipeline are located in the same plane.
Further, multi-functional end plate includes first face and second face, wherein, a plurality of first interfaces, a plurality of second interface set up on the first face, the setting of multiunit sub-interface is in on the second face.
Furthermore, a plurality of through holes are formed in the multifunctional end plate and are used for being matched with an external screw rod and a nut; the multi-functional end plate further comprises an insulating plate.
A multi-electric-pile system comprises a plurality of electric piles, the multifunctional end plate, a plurality of supply devices, a plurality of recovery devices, a nitrogen purging device and a controller, wherein the controller is electrically connected with the recovery devices and the nitrogen purging device respectively; under the control of the controller, the plurality of supply devices deliver reactants into the stack through the multi-functional end plate and deliver reacted reactants to the recovery device.
Further, the multi-stack system further comprises an assembly bottom plate, wherein one end of the stack is connected with the multifunctional end plate, and the other end of the stack is connected with the assembly bottom plate; the number of the assembly bottom plates is one or more.
A fuel cell comprising the multi-functional end plate described above.
The invention has the advantages that: the pipeline that will carry the reactant is integrated to an end plate in to can supply with the reactant simultaneously a plurality of galvanic pile reactions, not only have higher integrated level and resource utilization, guarantee the uniformity of each galvanic pile output, improve the output of each galvanic pile, can also make the end plate utilize the heat of reactant better in order to be used for the heat preservation of end plate, improve galvanic pile heat utilization efficiency, ensure tip battery conservation performance, thereby improve the galvanic pile life-span.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a first assembled schematic view of a multi-functional endplate provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second assembled schematic view of a multi-functional endplate provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a first partial perspective view of a multi-function endplate provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second partial perspective view of a multi-functional end plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a first partial structure of a multi-functional endplate provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a second partial schematic view of a multi-functional end plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a multi-stack system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals include: 1-multifunctional end plate, 111-first air interface, 1111-first air outlet, 1112-second air outlet, 1113-third air outlet, 112-first hydrogen interface, 1121-first hydrogen outlet, 1122-second hydrogen outlet, 1123-third hydrogen outlet, 113-first cooling water interface, 1131-first cooling water outlet, 1132-second cooling water outlet, 1133-third cooling water outlet, 121-second air interface, 1211-first air inlet, 1212-second air inlet, 1213-third air inlet, 122-second hydrogen interface, 1221-first hydrogen inlet, 1222-second hydrogen inlet, 1223-third hydrogen inlet, 123-second cooling water interface, 1231-first cooling water inlet, 1232-second cooling water inlet, 1233-third cooling water inlet, 131-first air pipe, 132-first hydrogen pipe, 133-first cooling water pipe, 141-second air pipe, 142-second hydrogen pipe, 143-second cooling water pipe, 15-insulation plate, 21-first stack, 22-second stack, 23-third stack, 3-assembly base plate, 31-first assembly base plate, 32-second assembly base plate, 33-third assembly base plate, 41-nut, 42-screw.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood and more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the implementations not shown or described in the drawings are in a form known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Additionally, while exemplifications of parameters including particular values may be provided herein, it is to be understood that the parameters need not be exactly equal to the respective values, but may be approximated to the respective values within acceptable error margins or design constraints. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of a portion of the invention and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this invention, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, apparatus, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The idea of the invention is to propose a new end plate with several functions: firstly, hydrogen inlets and outlets, air inlets and outlets and cooling water inlets and outlets of a plurality of galvanic piles can be integrated into the end plate, external pipelines are reduced, the design is favorable for improving the integration level of a galvanic pile system, space resources are saved, and the structure adopts an integrated forming process, such as a 3D printing mode and the like; one end plate can be matched with a plurality of galvanic piles for use, so that the output consistency of the galvanic piles is ensured; thirdly, in the conventional design, the temperature of the battery close to the end plate is lower due to the environmental heat dissipation of the end plate, so that the performance output of the battery is lower than that of other batteries, and the service life of the whole stack is terminated due to the over-low performance of the battery at the end part after long-term operation.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a multifunctional end plate is provided, which is used in cooperation with a plurality of external electric piles, a plurality of supply devices and a plurality of recovery devices, wherein the plurality of supply devices are used for supplying different reactants, a plurality of first interfaces, a plurality of second interfaces and a plurality of sets of sub-interfaces are disposed on the multifunctional end plate 1, wherein the plurality of first interfaces are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of supply devices, the plurality of second interfaces are in one-to-one correspondence with the recovery devices, the plurality of sets of sub-interfaces are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of electric piles, and each set of sub-interfaces includes the plurality of first sub-interfaces and the plurality of second sub-interfaces; a plurality of first pipelines are arranged in the multifunctional end plate 1, inlets of the first pipelines are communicated with the first interfaces in a one-to-one correspondence mode, each first pipeline is provided with a plurality of outlets, each outlet is correspondingly communicated with the first sub-interfaces in different groups, and then different reactants are conveyed to each electric pile through the first pipelines; still be equipped with a plurality of second pipelines in the multi-functional end plate 1, the export and a plurality of second interface one-to-one intercommunication of a plurality of second pipelines, every second pipeline has a plurality of entries, and every entry corresponds the second sub-interface that communicates in different groups, and then the reactant after every galvanic pile utilizes is carried to the outside through the second pipeline.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a first air interface 111, a first hydrogen interface 112, a first cooling water interface 113, a second air interface 121, a second hydrogen interface 122, and a second cooling water interface 123 are formed on the multifunctional end plate 1; as shown in fig. 3, the multifunctional end plate 1 is provided with a first air pipe 131, a first hydrogen pipe 132, a first cooling water pipe 133, a second air pipe 141, a second hydrogen pipe 142, and a second cooling water pipe 143.
In one embodiment of the invention the multi-functional end plate 1 can be applied to 2 to n stacks, where n is also related to the number of outlets of the first duct and/or the number of outlets of the second duct. The following description will be made by taking three electric stacks as examples:
the multifunctional end plate 1 is matched with three external electric piles, namely a first electric pile 21, a second electric pile 22 and a third electric pile 23.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, for the first air duct 131, the inlet thereof communicates with the first air interface 111, the first air interface 111 communicates with the outlet of the external air supply device, and the first air duct 131 has three outlets which respectively communicate with the first air outlet 1111, the second air outlet 1112, and the third air outlet 1113 which are opened on the multifunctional end plate 1 in a one-to-one correspondence, so that the external air can enter from the inlet of the first air duct 131 and be output from the three outlets of the first air duct 131; for the first hydrogen pipe 132, an inlet of the first hydrogen pipe 132 is communicated with the first hydrogen interface 112, the first hydrogen interface 112 is communicated with an outlet of the external hydrogen supply device, and the first hydrogen pipe 132 has three outlets which are respectively communicated with the first hydrogen outlet 1121, the second hydrogen outlet 1122 and the third hydrogen outlet 1123 which are arranged on the multifunctional end plate 1 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that the external hydrogen can enter from the inlet of the first hydrogen pipe 132 and be output from the three outlets of the first hydrogen pipe 132; as for the first cooling water pipe 133, an inlet thereof communicates with the first cooling water joint 113, the first cooling water joint 113 communicates with an outlet of the external cooling water supply device, and the first cooling water pipe 133 has three outlets which communicate with the first cooling water outlet 1131, the second cooling water outlet 1132, and the third cooling water outlet 1133 provided on the multifunction end plate 1 in one-to-one correspondence, respectively, so that the external cooling water can enter from the inlet of the first cooling water pipe 133 and be output from the three outlets of the first cooling water pipe 133; as for the second air duct 141, the outlet thereof communicates with the second air interface 121, the second air interface 121 communicates with the inlet of the external air recovery device, and the second air duct 141 has three inlets which communicate with the first air inlet 1211, the second air inlet 1212, and the third air inlet 1213, which are provided on the multifunctional endplate 1, in a one-to-one correspondence, so that the reacted air can enter from the three inlets of the second air duct 141 and be output from the outlet of the second air duct 141 to the outside; for the second hydrogen pipeline 142, the outlet thereof is communicated with the second hydrogen interface 122, the second hydrogen interface 122 is communicated with the inlet of the external hydrogen recovery device, and the second hydrogen pipeline 142 has three inlets which are respectively communicated with the first hydrogen inlet 1221, the second hydrogen inlet 1222 and the third hydrogen inlet 1223 which are arranged on the multifunctional end plate 1 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that the reacted hydrogen can enter from the three inlets of the second hydrogen pipeline 142 and be output to the outside from the outlet of the second hydrogen pipeline 142; as for the second cooling water pipe 143, an outlet thereof communicates with the second cooling water joint 123, the second cooling water joint 123 communicates with an inlet of the external cooling water recovery device, and the second cooling water pipe 143 has three inlets which communicate with the first cooling water inlet 1231, the second cooling water inlet 1232, and the third cooling water inlet 1233 provided on the multifunctional end plate 1 in a one-to-one correspondence, so that the reacted cooling water can enter from the three inlets of the second cooling water pipe 143 and be output to the outside from the outlet of the second cooling water pipe 143.
The first air outlet 1111, the first hydrogen outlet 1121, the first cooling water outlet 1131, the third air inlet 1213, the third hydrogen inlet 1223, and the third cooling water inlet 1233 form a first set of sub-interfaces, and the set of sub-interfaces are disposed in cooperation with the first electric pile 21, wherein the first air outlet 1111, the first hydrogen outlet 1121, and the first cooling water outlet 1131 are three first sub-interfaces, and are used for sending air, hydrogen, and cooling water from an external supply device to the first electric pile 21 for reaction; the third air inlet 1213, the third hydrogen inlet 1223, and the third cooling water inlet 1233 are three second sub-interfaces, and are configured to output the air, hydrogen, and cooling water after the reaction in the first stack 21 to an external recycling device. The second air outlet 1112, the second hydrogen outlet 1122, the second cooling water outlet 1132, the second air inlet 1212, the second hydrogen inlet 1222 and the second cooling water inlet 1232 constitute a second group of sub-interfaces, and the group of sub-interfaces is arranged in cooperation with the second cell stack 22, wherein the second air outlet 1112, the second hydrogen outlet 1122 and the second cooling water outlet 1132 are three first sub-interfaces, and are used for sending air, hydrogen and cooling water in an external supply device to the second cell stack 22 for reaction; the second air inlet 1212, the second hydrogen inlet 1222, and the second cooling water inlet 1232 are three second sub-ports, and are configured to output the air, the hydrogen, and the cooling water after the reaction in the second stack 22 to an external recycling device. The third air outlet 1113, the third hydrogen outlet 1123, the third cooling water outlet 1133, the first air inlet 1211, the first hydrogen inlet 1221 and the first cooling water inlet 1231 form a third set of sub-interfaces, and the set of sub-interfaces are matched with the third stack 23, wherein the third air outlet 1113, the third hydrogen outlet 1123 and the third cooling water outlet 1133 are three first sub-interfaces, and are used for sending the air, the hydrogen and the cooling water in the external supply device to the third stack 23 for reaction; the first air inlet 1211, the first hydrogen inlet 1221 and the first cooling water inlet 1231 are three second sub-ports, and are used for outputting the air, the hydrogen and the cooling water after the reaction in the third cell stack 23 to an external recovery device.
It should be emphasized that the above multifunctional end plate 1 applied to three stacks is only an example, the number of outlets of the first duct and the number of inlets of the second duct are selected according to actual requirements, and further applied to a plurality of stacks, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
In this embodiment, the pipeline may be arranged in various ways: first, as shown in fig. 5, the first hydrogen pipeline 132 is installed on the first cooling water pipeline 133, and the first cooling water pipeline 133 is installed on the first air pipeline 131, and the second hydrogen pipeline 142 is installed on the second cooling water pipeline 143, and the second cooling water pipeline 143 is installed on the second air pipeline 141, and further preferably, the first air pipeline 131 and the second air pipeline 141 are located in the same plane, and the first hydrogen pipeline 132 and the second hydrogen pipeline 142 are located in the same plane, and the first cooling water pipeline 133 and the second cooling water pipeline 143 are located in the same plane, so that three passages (hydrogen, air, and cooling water) are in different layers, it is ensured that the passages can be spaced apart, and the hydrogen passages are suspended over the remaining two passages, so that it is necessary to provide a plurality of plates to separate the passages, which is designed to have a small area of the entire end plate, but the thickness is large, and the thickness of the multifunctional end plate 1 is 4 layers in the whole view, namely three layers of pipelines in the multifunctional end plate 1 and one layer of insulating plate 15 arranged outside the multifunctional end plate 1; secondly, as shown in fig. 6, the first hydrogen pipe 132 is located in the same plane as the first cooling water pipe 133, and the first air pipe 131 is bridged over the first cooling water pipe 133, while the second hydrogen pipe 142 is located in the same plane as the second cooling water pipe 143, and the second air pipe 141 is bridged over the second cooling water pipe 143, and further preferably, the first air pipe 131 is located in the same plane as the second air pipe 141, and the first hydrogen pipe 132 is located in the same plane as the second hydrogen pipe 142, and the first cooling water pipe 133 is located in the same plane as the second cooling water pipe 143, so that the passage of hydrogen is provided in the same layer as the passage of cooling water, but in both sides, and since the hydrogen layer and the cooling water layer are provided in the same layer, the area of the entire end plate is increased, therefore, the arrangement mode of the pipeline is determined according to the actual situation, and the protection scope of the invention is not limited by the way.
In addition, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the multifunctional end plate 1 includes a first plate surface and a second plate surface, wherein a plurality of first interfaces and a plurality of second interfaces are disposed on the first plate surface, and a plurality of sets of sub-interfaces are disposed on the second plate surface, so that the multifunctional end plate 1 is more conveniently connected with an external supply device, a recovery device and a galvanic pile. Meanwhile, the multifunctional end plate 1 is further provided with a plurality of through holes, and the through holes are used for being matched with an external nut 41 and a screw rod 42 to fix the galvanic pile.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a multi-stack system is provided, which includes a plurality of stacks, the above-described multifunctional end plate 1, the mounting base plate 3, a plurality of supply devices, a plurality of recovery devices, a nitrogen purge device, and a controller, wherein the supply devices include an air supply device, a hydrogen supply device, and a cooling water supply device, and the recovery devices include an air recovery device, a hydrogen recovery device, and a cooling water recovery device. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the cooling water supply device and the cooling water recovery device are the same device, i.e., the cooling water circulation device; one end of the electric pile is connected with the multifunctional end plate 1, and the other end of the electric pile is connected with the assembly bottom plate 3 so as to prevent the external screw rod 42 from conducting electricity and generating short circuit; the controller is respectively and electrically connected with the air supply device, the hydrogen supply device, the nitrogen purging device and the cooling water circulating device, the air supply device, the hydrogen supply device, the nitrogen purging device and the cooling water circulating device are respectively connected with the multifunctional end plate 1, and the multifunctional end plate 1 is connected with the galvanic pile in a matching manner, so that reactants are conveyed to each galvanic pile through the multifunctional end plate 1 under the control of the controller.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the reactants enter the reactant humidifying device from the respective supply devices through the three-way valve and then enter the stack, and the cooling water directly enters the cooling water circulating device from the supply devices to circulate and dissipate heat for the stack. After the reactants are reacted in the stack, the remaining reactants are discharged from the respective outlets. The electric pile is connected with the electronic load to simulate a real load, the electronic load is connected with the controller, the acquired data are transmitted back to the upper computer, and the upper computer sends control signals to control parameters such as hydrogen gas inflow, air gas inflow, water pump rotating speed and fan rotating speed according to the required temperature, voltage and the like, without limiting the protection scope of the invention.
It should be noted that the present invention provides two assembling modes of the assembling bottom plates 3, specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the number of the assembling bottom plates 3 may be one, and the assembling bottom plate 3 at the non-air inlet end is configured as an integral end plate, so that the design has the advantages of higher integration level and more convenience for fixing the external screw rod 42 in the stack; or, as shown in fig. 2, the number of the assembly base plates 3 may be multiple, in this embodiment, the assembly base plate 3 includes a first assembly base plate 31, a second assembly base plate 32, and a third assembly base plate 33, where the first assembly base plate 31 is connected to the first stack 21, the second assembly base plate 32 is connected to the second stack 22, and the third assembly base plate 33 is connected to the third stack 23, and this is designed because there is a difference in manufacturing processes of the stacks, and there may be a certain height difference between the stacks after the multiple stacks are stacked, so that the non-air inlet ends of the stacks can be set to be separated by setting multiple assembly base plates 3, which is relatively more flexible, and the number of the assembly base plates 3 is selected according to requirements in a specific practical application, which is not limited by this.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a fuel cell is provided, which comprises the above-described multifunctional end plate 1 and a plurality of stacks. The idea of the embodiment of the fuel cell is the same as the working process of the multifunctional end plate in the above embodiment, and the entire contents of the embodiment of the multifunctional end plate are incorporated into the embodiment of the fuel cell by reference, and are not described again.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes that can be directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multifunctional end plate is characterized by being matched with a plurality of external galvanic piles, a plurality of supply devices and a plurality of recovery devices for use, wherein the plurality of supply devices are used for providing different reactants, a plurality of first interfaces, a plurality of second interfaces and a plurality of groups of sub-interfaces are arranged on the multifunctional end plate (1), the plurality of first interfaces are communicated with the plurality of supply devices in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the plurality of second interfaces are communicated with the recovery devices in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the plurality of groups of sub-interfaces are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner with the plurality of galvanic piles, and each group of sub-interfaces comprises a plurality of first sub-interfaces and a plurality of second sub-interfaces;
a plurality of first pipelines are arranged in the multifunctional end plate (1), inlets of the first pipelines are communicated with the first interfaces in a one-to-one correspondence mode, each first pipeline is provided with a plurality of outlets, each outlet is correspondingly communicated with the first sub-interfaces in different groups, and then different reactants are conveyed into each electric pile through the first pipelines; still be equipped with a plurality of second pipelines in multi-functional end plate (1), the export of a plurality of second pipelines with a plurality of second interface one-to-one intercommunication, every second pipeline has a plurality of entries, and every entry corresponds the second sub-interface that communicates in different groups, and then the reactant after every galvanic pile utilizes passes through the second pipeline is carried to the outside.
2. The multi-functional endplate according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of first interfaces comprises a first air interface (111), a first hydrogen interface (112), a first cooling water interface (113), the plurality of second interfaces comprise a second air interface (121), a second hydrogen interface (122) and a second cooling water interface (123), wherein the first air interface (111) communicates with an outlet of an external air supply device, the first hydrogen interface (112) is communicated with the outlet of an external hydrogen supply device, the first cooling water interface (113) is communicated with the outlet of the external cooling water supply device, the second air interface (121) is communicated with an inlet of an external air recovery device, the second hydrogen interface (122) is communicated with an inlet of an external hydrogen recovery device, the second cooling water interface (123) is communicated with an inlet of an external cooling water recovery device;
the plurality of first pipes include a first air pipe (131), a first hydrogen pipe (132), a first cooling water pipe (133), the plurality of second pipes include a second air pipe (141), a second hydrogen pipe (142), a second cooling water pipe (143), wherein an inlet of the first air duct (131) communicates with the first air interface (111), the inlet of the first hydrogen gas conduit (132) is in communication with the first hydrogen interface (112), an inlet of the first cooling water pipe (133) is communicated with the first cooling water joint (113), an outlet of the second air duct (141) communicates with the second air interface (121), the outlet of the second hydrogen pipeline (142) is communicated with the second hydrogen interface (122), an outlet of the second cooling water pipe (143) is communicated with the second cooling water joint (123).
3. The multi-functional end plate according to claim 2, wherein the first air pipeline (131), the first hydrogen pipeline (132) and the first cooling water pipeline (133) respectively have three outlets, the second air pipeline (141), the second hydrogen pipeline (142) and the second cooling water pipeline (143) respectively have three inlets, and three sets of sub-ports are formed in the multi-functional end plate (1), and are matched with three external galvanic piles, and each set of sub-ports comprises three first sub-ports and three second sub-ports.
4. The multi-functional end plate according to claim 2, wherein the first hydrogen gas pipe (132) is spanned over the first cooling water pipe (133), and the first cooling water pipe (133) is spanned over the first air pipe (131), while the second hydrogen gas pipe (142) is spanned over the second cooling water pipe (143), and the second cooling water pipe (143) is spanned over the second air pipe (141); or,
the first hydrogen pipe (132) and the first cooling water pipe (133) are located in the same plane, and the first air pipe (131) is bridged on the first cooling water pipe (133), while the second hydrogen pipe (142) and the second cooling water pipe (143) are located in the same plane, and the second air pipe (141) is bridged on the second cooling water pipe (143).
5. The multi-functional end plate according to claim 4, characterized in that the first air duct (131) and the second air duct (141) are located in the same plane, and the first hydrogen duct (132) and the second hydrogen duct (142) are located in the same plane, and the first cooling water duct (133) and the second cooling water duct (143) are located in the same plane.
6. The multi-functional endplate according to claim 2, wherein the multi-functional endplate (1) comprises a first plate surface and a second plate surface, wherein the first plurality of interfaces, the second plurality of interfaces are provided on the first plate surface, and the plurality of sets of sub-interfaces are provided on the second plate surface.
7. The multifunctional end plate according to claim 1, wherein the multifunctional end plate (1) is further provided with a plurality of through holes for cooperating with an external nut (41) and a screw (42); the multifunctional end plate (1) further comprises an insulating plate (15).
8. A multi-stack system, which comprises a plurality of stacks, the multi-functional end plate (1) of any one of claims 1 to 7, a plurality of supply devices, a plurality of recovery devices, a nitrogen purging device and a controller, wherein the controller is electrically connected with the recovery devices and the nitrogen purging device respectively, the supply devices, the recovery devices and the nitrogen purging device are connected with the multi-functional end plate (1) respectively, and the multi-functional end plate (1) is connected with the stacks in a matching way; under the control of the controller, the plurality of supply devices deliver reactants into the stack through the multi-functional end plate (1) and deliver reacted reactants to the recovery device.
9. The multiple stack system according to claim 8, further comprising a mounting base plate (3), wherein one end of the stack is connected to the multifunctional end plate (1) and the other end of the stack is connected to the mounting base plate (3); the number of the assembly bottom plates (3) is one or more.
10. A fuel cell, characterized in that it comprises a multifunctional end plate (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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