CN111370744B - Distribution manifold for fuel cell stack assembly - Google Patents

Distribution manifold for fuel cell stack assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111370744B
CN111370744B CN202010151700.6A CN202010151700A CN111370744B CN 111370744 B CN111370744 B CN 111370744B CN 202010151700 A CN202010151700 A CN 202010151700A CN 111370744 B CN111370744 B CN 111370744B
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China
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stack
channel
hydrogen
outlet
air
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CN111370744A (en
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潘牧
傅鹏
戈琛
郭伟
李宪才
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2484—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by external manifolds
    • H01M8/2485—Arrangements for sealing external manifolds; Arrangements for mounting external manifolds around a stack
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2404—Processes or apparatus for grouping fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

A distribution manifold for a fuel cell electric stack group comprises a central plate, a single stack gas distribution plate, two gas inlet boxes and a gas inlet cover plate, wherein the two gas inlet boxes are arranged on two sides of the central plate; a hydrogen inlet stack main channel, an air inlet stack main channel, a coolant outlet stack main channel, an air outlet stack main channel and a hydrogen outlet stack main channel are arranged in the central plate; the inner side of the single-pile gas distribution plate is provided with branch channels corresponding to the main channels of the central plate, and the branch channels are connected with the cell electric pile through the branch channels; the inside of the air inlet box is provided with a main cavity corresponding to each main channel of the central plate, and the main cavity is communicated with the main channels; the air inlet cover plate is provided with a recent interface communicated with the main cavity in the air inlet box, and the interface is connected with an external air supply pipeline and a coolant pipeline. The invention can assemble two identical galvanic piles, and has the advantages of modular installation and convenient maintenance.

Description

Distribution manifold for fuel cell stack assembly
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a distribution manifold used in a fuel cell stack assembly.
Background
A fuel cell is an electrochemical energy conversion device that directly converts chemical energy in a fuel into direct current. Such as pem fuel cells, supply the respective gases on both sides of the pem electrode, such as hydrogen on the anode side and oxygen or air on the cathode side. The hydrogen on the surface of the anode side of the electrode is electrochemically oxidized to generate electrons and protons, the electrons are transmitted to the cathode electrode through an external circuit, the protons pass through the electrode, and the electrons and the protons react with oxygen at the cathode electrode to generate water and release heat.
Fuel cell stacks require hydrogen, air or oxygen in operation, as well as a coolant for stack cooling. Meanwhile, hydrogen, excess air or oxygen which are not consumed in the electric pile and cooling liquid after cooling are required to be discharged. The structure of the business turn over fuel cell pile of hydrogen, air or oxygen and coolant of current fuel cell pile group, most adopt independent distribution pipeline, and pipeline one end is connected with the fuel cell pile, and another adopts hose connector and clamp to connect, and this kind of solitary hose connection scheme need adopt more hose and clamp to connect, is unfavorable for arranging of less space to lead to shared volume great, cause space utilization to be lower.
At present, a fuel cell stack group with higher power generally comprises a plurality of fuel cell stacks with lower power, and when the fuel cell stacks are assembled into higher power, the fuel cell stacks need to be divided into two types of stacks to be assembled, so that the assembly is not beneficial to the production of a single production line and the maintenance and replacement of the subsequent stacks. For example, utility model No. CN201920887511.8 discloses a fuel cell stack with a central manifold, characterized by comprising two fuel cell stacks, which are connected in series and share the central manifold, fixed between the central manifold and two side end plates, the fuel cell stacks being methanol fuel cells. From this patent, it can be seen that the fuel cells on the left and right sides of the central manifold are mirror images, and are not completely identical stacks, and the central manifold includes a left cover and a right cover, which are different from each other, and when the fuel cell stack needs to be disassembled during maintenance, it takes time and labor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to provide an integrated distribution manifold with certain functionality to solve the problem of assembling a larger power battery pack with the same fuel cell stack, so that the fuel cell stack can meet the functions of adapting to production line production and subsequent repair and replacement.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a distribution manifold for a fuel cell electric stack group comprises a central plate, a single stack gas distribution plate, a gas inlet box and a gas inlet cover plate, wherein two single stack gas distribution plates are arranged on two sides of the central plate, the gas inlet box is arranged at one end of the central plate and one end of the single stack gas distribution plate, and the gas inlet cover plate is arranged on one side, far away from the central plate, of the gas inlet box;
a hydrogen inlet stack main channel, an air inlet stack main channel, a coolant outlet stack main channel, an air outlet stack main channel and a hydrogen outlet stack main channel are arranged in the central plate, and the main channels penetrate through the central plate from left to right;
the inner side of the single stack gas distribution plate is provided with a hydrogen inlet stack dividing channel, an air inlet stack dividing channel, a coolant outlet stack dividing channel, an air outlet stack dividing channel and a hydrogen outlet stack dividing channel corresponding to each main channel of the central plate, the outer side of the single stack gas distribution plate is provided with a dividing channel outlet corresponding to the dividing channels, and the dividing channels are connected with the cell electric stacks through the dividing channel outlets;
a hydrogen inlet stack main cavity, an air inlet stack main cavity, a coolant outlet stack main cavity, an air outlet stack main cavity and a hydrogen outlet stack main cavity which correspond to the main channels of the central plate are arranged inside the air inlet box, and the main cavities are communicated with the main channels;
the air inlet cover plate is provided with a hydrogen inlet interface, an air inlet interface, a coolant outlet interface, an air outlet interface and a hydrogen outlet interface, the interfaces are communicated with a main cavity in the air inlet box, and the interfaces are connected with an external air supply pipeline and a coolant pipeline.
Furthermore, a hydrogen inlet stack main channel, an air inlet stack main channel, a coolant outlet stack main channel, an air outlet stack main channel and a hydrogen outlet stack main channel in the central plate are sequentially arranged in parallel in the central plate.
Preferably, the hydrogen inlet stack main channel, the air inlet stack main channel, the coolant outlet stack main channel, the air outlet stack main channel and the hydrogen outlet stack main channel in the central plate are all prism channels.
Preferably, the hydrogen inlet sub-channel of the single-stack gas distribution plate is horizontally and gradually bent from top to bottom, and the cross-sectional area is gradually increased, so that hydrogen can conveniently enter; the air stacking and distributing channel is horizontally and gradually bent from top to bottom, and the cross section area is gradually increased, so that air can conveniently enter; the coolant stacking sub-channel is a horizontal channel; the coolant discharge sub-channel is a horizontal channel; the air outlet stacking and distributing channel gradually tends to be horizontal from top to bottom by bending, so that the air after reaction and the generated water are conveniently discharged; the hydrogen discharge sub-channel gradually tends to be horizontal from top to bottom by bending, so that the unconsumed hydrogen is conveniently discharged.
Furthermore, the branch channels on the two single-pile gas distribution plates are distributed in a central symmetry mode in the center of the central plate.
Furthermore, the two sides of the central plate and/or the inner side of the single-pile gas distribution plate are/is provided with a sealing groove which is the same as the branch channel in shape, a sealing gasket is placed in the sealing groove, and the sealing gasket is provided with a hollow-out area which is the same as the branch channel in shape.
Furthermore, a sealing groove is arranged at the joint of the outlet of the sub-channel at the outer side of the single stack gas distribution plate and the cell stack, and a sealing gasket is arranged in the sealing groove.
Furthermore, a sealing groove is arranged between the central plate and the air inlet box, and a sealing gasket is arranged in the sealing groove.
Furthermore, a sealing groove is arranged between the air inlet box and the air inlet cover plate, and a sealing gasket is arranged in the sealing groove.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
at present, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack group with higher power generally comprises a plurality of stacks with lower power, and when the stack is assembled into higher power, the stack needs to be divided into two types or kinds of stacks for assembly, so that the stack is not beneficial to single production line production and maintenance and replacement of subsequent stacks. However, when the same type of stack is used, it is not necessary to divide the left stack or the right stack, which facilitates mass production in a production line and reduces production costs, which is particularly important at the beginning of commercialization of the present fuel cell.
The distribution manifold designed by the invention can assemble two identical fuel cell stacks, has the advantages of modular installation and convenient maintenance, can directly replace the defective fuel cell stack integrally when one fuel cell stack has a problem, and does not need to disassemble and assemble the whole fuel cell stack integrally. The inlet and outlet stack interface is communicated with the inlet and outlet stack main cavity, the inlet and outlet stack main cavity is communicated with the inlet and outlet stack main channel, the inlet and outlet stack main channel is communicated with the inlet and outlet stack branch channel, and the pipeline structures of the inlet and outlet galvanic stacks of hydrogen, air or oxygen and coolant are integrated on the distribution manifold, so that the space utilization rate is effectively improved; meanwhile, the air inlet cover plate enables all pipeline interfaces to be positioned on the same side, so that the installation is convenient, and the installation simplicity with an external pipeline is improved; meanwhile, the fuel cell stack can be used when the fuel cell stack is assembled, and the production cost and the maintenance cost of the fuel cell stack are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a distribution manifold of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a center plate in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the center plate in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a rear view of the center plate in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is an inside view of a single stack gas panel of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a top view of a single stack gas panel of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is an outside view of a single stack gas panel of the present invention
FIG. 12 is an outside elevational view of the air intake box of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is an inside elevational view of the intake box of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a top plan view of the air inlet box of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along D-D of FIG. 14;
FIG. 16 is an inside elevational view of the intake cover plate of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the present invention and cell stack installation
In the figure:
1, a center plate, 11 a hydrogen inlet stack main channel, 110 a hydrogen inlet stack main channel port, 12 an air inlet stack main channel, 120 an air inlet stack main channel port, 13 a coolant inlet stack main channel, 130 a coolant inlet stack main channel port, 14 a coolant outlet stack main channel, 140 a coolant outlet stack main channel, 15 an air outlet stack main channel, 150 an air outlet stack main channel port, 16 a hydrogen outlet stack main channel, 160 a hydrogen outlet stack main channel port, 17 a first seal groove, 18 a second seal groove, 19 a third seal groove, 101 threaded holes, 102 positioning bosses, 103 positioning grooves and 104 end plate fixing bosses;
2 single-stack gas distribution plate, 21 hydrogen inlet stack-dividing channel, 210 hydrogen inlet stack-dividing channel port, 22 air inlet stack-dividing channel, 220 air inlet stack-dividing channel port, 23 coolant inlet stack-dividing channel, 230 coolant inlet stack-dividing channel port, 24 coolant outlet stack-dividing channel, 240 coolant outlet stack-dividing channel port, 25 air outlet stack-dividing channel, 250 air outlet stack-dividing channel port, 26 hydrogen outlet stack-dividing channel, 260 hydrogen outlet stack-dividing channel;
3, an air inlet box, 31, 310, 32, 320, 33, 330, 34, 340, 35, 350, 36 and 360 hydrogen inlet main cavities;
4, an air inlet cover plate, 41, a hydrogen inlet pile-connecting pipe, 410, a hydrogen inlet pile-connecting port, 42, an air inlet pile-connecting pipe, 420, a coolant inlet pile-connecting pipe, 43, a coolant inlet pile-connecting pipe, 430, a coolant outlet pile-connecting pipe, 44, a coolant outlet pile-connecting pipe, 430, a coolant outlet pile-connecting pipe, 45, an air outlet pile-connecting pipe, 450, a hydrogen outlet pile-connecting pipe, 46 and 460;
5 sealing gasket, 6 fuel cell stack, 601 stack end plate;
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of an embodiment of the distribution manifold of the fuel cell stack assembly of the present invention is provided to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the upper, lower, left, right, front and rear orientations of the present invention, the reference is defined with respect to the drawings, and when the placement position of the distribution manifold of the fuel cell stack assembly is changed, the corresponding orientation description should be changed accordingly, and the present invention is not described herein again. In addition, the inner side of the single-pile gas distribution plate refers to the side contacting with the central plate, and the outer side of the single-pile gas distribution plate refers to the side which is far away from the central plate and contacts with the battery electric pile; the inner side of the air inlet box refers to one side of the air inlet box contacting with the central plate and the single-pile air distribution plate, and the outer side of the air inlet box refers to one side of the air inlet box far away from the central plate and the single-pile air distribution plate; the inner side of the air inlet cover plate refers to the side of the air inlet cover plate contacting with the air inlet box, and the outer side of the air inlet cover plate refers to the side of the air inlet cover plate far away from the air inlet box; the center plate front end refers to an end thereof contacting the intake box.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 17 in combination, in the present invention, the distribution manifold includes a central plate 1, a single stack gas distribution plate 2, a gas inlet box 3, a gas inlet cover plate 4 and a gasket 5, wherein the single stack gas distribution plate 2 is disposed on the left and right sides of the central plate 1, and preferably, they are connected by bolts. The air intake box 3, the air intake cover 4 and the gasket 5 are disposed at the front end of the central plate 1 in the order of the air intake cover 4, the gasket 5, the air intake box 3 and the central plate 1, preferably, they are connected by bolts.
Referring to fig. 3, 4, 5 and 6, a hydrogen inlet stack main channel 11, an air inlet stack main channel 12, a coolant inlet stack main channel 13, a coolant outlet stack main channel 14, an air outlet stack main channel 15 and a hydrogen outlet stack main channel 16 are sequentially arranged in the central plate 1 from top to bottom as shown in fig. 5; the front end of the central plate 1 is correspondingly provided with a hydrogen inlet stack main channel port 110, an air inlet stack main channel port 120, a coolant inlet stack main channel port 130, a coolant outlet stack main channel port 140, an air outlet stack main channel port 150 and a hydrogen outlet stack main channel port 160, each main channel in the central plate penetrates through the central plate to each main channel port, each main channel is in one-to-one correspondence with the main channel ports, each main channel also penetrates through the left side and the right side of the central plate, it should be understood that the length of each main channel is smaller than that of the central plate, the penetration between each main channel and the main channel port belongs to internal penetration, and a cavity structure is formed between each main channel and the main channel port by the side wall of the central plate. The whole main channel is of a prismatic cavity structure, and preferably of a cuboid cavity structure.
Referring to fig. 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11, as shown in fig. 7, the single stack gas distribution plate 2 is provided with a hydrogen inlet stack-dividing channel 21, an air inlet stack-dividing channel 22, a coolant inlet stack-dividing channel 23, a coolant outlet stack-dividing channel 24, an air outlet stack-dividing channel 25, and a hydrogen outlet stack-dividing channel 26 from top to bottom, the entire stack-dividing channels are of a groove-type structure, and an opening of the groove-type structure is located at the inner side of the single stack gas distribution plate 2. The branch channels arranged in the single-pile gas distribution plates 2 correspond to the main channels in the central plate one by one, and the branch channels in the two single-pile gas distribution plates 2 are distributed in a central symmetry mode by taking the center of the central plate as a center. The hydrogen inlet sub-channel 21 of the single-stack gas distribution plate 2 is horizontally and gradually bent from top to bottom, the cross section area is gradually increased, hydrogen can conveniently enter, and the shape of the upper section of the hydrogen inlet sub-channel is matched with that of the hydrogen inlet main channel 11; the air stacking sub-channel 22 is horizontally and gradually bent from top to bottom, the cross section area is gradually increased, air can conveniently enter, and the shape of the upper section of the air stacking sub-channel is matched with that of the air stacking main channel 12; the coolant entering and stacking sub-channel 23 is a horizontal channel and the shape of the coolant entering and stacking sub-channel is matched with that of the coolant entering and stacking main channel 13; the coolant discharge sub-channel 24 is a horizontal channel and is matched with the coolant discharge sub-main channel 14 in shape; the air outlet stack branch channel 25 gradually becomes horizontal from top to bottom by bending, so that the air after reaction and the produced water can be conveniently discharged, and the shape of the lower section of the air outlet stack branch channel is matched with the shape of the air outlet stack main channel 15; the hydrogen stack branch passage 26 gradually becomes horizontal from top to bottom by bending, so that unconsumed hydrogen can be discharged conveniently, and the shape of the lower section of the hydrogen stack branch passage is matched with that of the hydrogen stack main passage 16. Referring to fig. 11 again, the single stack gas distribution plate 2 is provided with a hydrogen inlet sub-channel port 210, an air inlet sub-channel port 220, a coolant inlet sub-channel port 230, a coolant outlet sub-channel port 240, an air outlet sub-channel port 250, and a hydrogen outlet sub-channel port 260, which penetrate through the single stack gas distribution plate 2, corresponding to each sub-channel, through which hydrogen, air, and coolant flow into or out of the cell stack. Referring to fig. 1, 12 and 17 again, a plurality of groups of fuel cell stacks 6 are mounted on the outer side of the single stack gas distribution plate 2, and are mounted on the outer side of the single stack gas distribution plate 2 through a fuel cell stack end plate 601, and the groups of fuel cell stacks 6 are connected in series.
Referring to fig. 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16, the inlet box 3 is provided therein with a hydrogen inlet stack main channel port 31, an air inlet stack main channel port 120, a coolant inlet stack main channel port 130, a coolant outlet stack main channel port 140, an air outlet stack main channel port 150 and a hydrogen outlet stack main channel port 160 corresponding to the hydrogen inlet stack main channel port 110, the air inlet stack main cavity 32, the coolant inlet stack main cavity 33, the coolant outlet stack main cavity 34, the air outlet stack main cavity 35 and the hydrogen outlet stack main cavity 36 at the front end of the central plate 1, the inner side of the air inlet box 3 is provided with a hydrogen inlet stack main cavity port 310, an air inlet stack main cavity port 320, a coolant inlet stack main cavity port 330, a coolant outlet stack main cavity port 340, an air outlet stack main cavity port 350 and a hydrogen outlet stack main cavity port 360 which penetrate through the air inlet box and are connected with the main cavities, and the main channel ports at the front ends of the central plates communicate the main channels in the central plates with the main cavities in the air inlet box 3. The inner side of the air inlet cover plate 4 is provided with a hydrogen inlet interface 410, an air inlet interface 420, a coolant inlet interface 430, a coolant outlet interface 440, an air outlet interface 450 and a hydrogen outlet interface 460 which correspond to the main cavity in the air inlet box 3, and the corresponding outer side of the air inlet cover plate is provided with a hydrogen inlet connecting pipe 41, an air inlet connecting pipe 42, a coolant inlet connecting pipe 43, a coolant outlet connecting pipe 44, an air outlet connecting pipe 45 and a hydrogen outlet connecting pipe 46 which are communicated with the interfaces and are used for connecting an external air supply, exhaust and coolant system.
The two sides of the central plate 1 and/or the inner side of the single stack gas distribution plate 2 are/is provided with a sealing groove with the same shape as the sub-channel, a sealing gasket is arranged in the sealing groove, and the sealing gasket is provided with a hollow area with the same shape as the sub-channel, so that the material of the main channel in the central plate 1 can smoothly flow into the sub-channel of the single stack gas distribution plate 2 to cause leakage or series flow.
And a sealing groove is arranged at the joint of the outlet of the sub-channel at the outer side of the single stack gas distribution plate 2 and the cell stack, and a sealing gasket is arranged in the sealing groove.
A sealing groove is arranged between the central plate and the air inlet box, and a sealing gasket is arranged in the sealing groove.
A sealing groove is formed between the air inlet box and the air inlet cover plate, a sealing gasket is arranged in the sealing groove, and a hollow structure on the sealing gasket is the same as the inner side structure of the air inlet cover plate in shape.
Taking hydrogen as an example, the route that hydrogen passes through in the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: hydrogen is supplied by an external system, enters from a hydrogen inlet stacking connection pipe 41 and a hydrogen inlet stacking interface 410 on the outer side of the gas inlet cover plate 4, passes through a hydrogen inlet stacking main cavity 31 in the gas inlet box 3, and then enters a hydrogen inlet stacking main channel 11 arranged in the central plate 1, the tail end of the hydrogen inlet stacking main channel 11 arranged in the central plate 1 is divided into two parts, respectively enters hydrogen inlet stacking sub-channels 21 in the single stack gas distribution plates 2 on the left side and the right side, and then enters a gas inlet channel corresponding to a fuel cell stack end plate 601 arranged on the other side of the single stack gas distribution plate 2 along the sub-channels, and respectively enters the left stack and the right stack; after the reaction in the fuel cell stack 6, hydrogen enters the hydrogen outlet stack sub-channel 26 in the single stack gas distribution plate 2 through the gas outlet channel of the stack end plate 601, and is combined into a whole at the end of the hydrogen outlet stack main channel 16 in the central plate 1, passes through the hydrogen outlet stack main channel 16 to the hydrogen outlet stack main cavity 36 in the gas outlet box 3, and is finally discharged to an external connecting pipeline through the hydrogen outlet stack connecting pipe 46 in the gas outlet cover plate 4; the air and coolant also enter the distribution manifold through corresponding stack inlet channels and are exhausted to external connecting pipes through corresponding stack outlet channels.
In this embodiment, the hydrogen inlet main channel 11, the air inlet main channel 12, the coolant inlet main channel 13, the coolant outlet main channel 14, the air outlet main channel 15, and the hydrogen outlet main channel 16 are sequentially arranged in parallel in the central plate 1, so that the space utilization rate is further improved.
In order to further improve the space utilization rate, the cross sections of all the main channels in the central plate 1 in the embodiment are rectangular, so that the space of the main channels is fully utilized; the branch channels in the single-stack gas distribution plate 2 are set to be of a variable cross-section channel structure which is changed from large to small or from small to large, so that the space inside the single-stack gas distribution plate 2 is fully utilized. Of course, the cross-sectional shape of the channel may be circular, elliptical or other shapes, and will not be described herein.
The central plate 1, the single stack gas distribution plate 2, the gas inlet box 3 and the gas inlet cover plate 4 are all provided with threaded holes or positioning bosses and corresponding positioning grooves, so that the central plate 1, the single stack gas distribution plate 2, the gas inlet box 3 and the gas inlet cover plate 4 in the distribution manifold can be fixedly installed. In the embodiment of the present invention, a bolt mounting manner is adopted, and the rest mounting and matching manners, such as an adhesive bonding manner, a vibration friction welding manner, and the like, which satisfy the requirement of the distribution manifold, are not described herein any more.
The distribution manifold of the fuel cell stack assembly of the present invention is installed in the following order: the central plate 1 is used as a main body and is flatly placed on a platform, a sealing gasket corresponding to the sealing groove is placed, the single-pile gas distribution plate 2 is placed, the single-pile gas distribution plate is installed through bolts, the installed component is turned over, the sealing gasket corresponding to the sealing groove and the single-pile gas distribution plate 2 on the other side are sequentially placed, and the bolts are installed; then the air inlet box 3, the sealing gasket 5 and the air inlet cover plate 4 are installed; to this end, the distribution manifold has been installed; further, the distribution manifold and the fuel cell stack 6 on one side are installed, and the fuel cell stack 6 on the other side is continuously installed after the installation is finished; to facilitate installation, the gasket may be glued within the corresponding seal groove to facilitate quick installation of the distribution manifold.
The inlet and outlet stack interface is communicated with the inlet and outlet stack main cavity, the inlet and outlet stack main cavity is communicated with the inlet and outlet stack main channel, and the inlet and outlet stack main channel is communicated with the inlet and outlet stack branch channel, so that the inlet and outlet stack pipeline structures of hydrogen, air or oxygen and coolant are integrated, the volume of a distribution manifold is reduced, and the space utilization rate is effectively improved.
The air inlet cover plate 4 is arranged at the same time, so that all pipeline interfaces are positioned at the same side, the connection and installation of external pipelines are facilitated, and the adaptability of the whole product is improved; meanwhile, the fuel cell stack can be used when the fuel cell stack is assembled, and the production cost and the maintenance cost of the fuel cell stack are reduced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A distribution manifold for a fuel cell stack assembly, comprising: the single-stack air distribution plate comprises a central plate, a single-stack air distribution plate, two air inlet boxes and an air inlet cover plate, wherein the two air inlet boxes are arranged on two sides of the central plate;
a hydrogen inlet stack main channel, an air inlet stack main channel, a coolant outlet stack main channel, an air outlet stack main channel and a hydrogen outlet stack main channel are arranged in the central plate, and the main channels penetrate through the central plate from left to right;
the inner side of the single stack gas distribution plate is provided with a hydrogen inlet stack dividing channel, an air inlet stack dividing channel, a coolant outlet stack dividing channel, an air outlet stack dividing channel and a hydrogen outlet stack dividing channel corresponding to each main channel of the central plate, the outer side of the single stack gas distribution plate is provided with a dividing channel outlet corresponding to the dividing channels, and the dividing channels are connected with the cell electric stacks through the dividing channel outlets;
a hydrogen inlet stack main cavity, an air inlet stack main cavity, a coolant outlet stack main cavity, an air outlet stack main cavity and a hydrogen outlet stack main cavity which correspond to the main channels of the central plate are arranged inside the air inlet box, and the main cavities are communicated with the main channels;
the air inlet cover plate is provided with a hydrogen inlet interface, an air inlet interface, a coolant outlet interface, an air outlet interface and a hydrogen outlet interface, the interfaces are communicated with a main cavity in the air inlet box, and the interfaces are connected with an external air supply pipeline and a coolant pipeline;
the hydrogen inlet sub-channel of the single-stack gas distribution plate is gradually bent from top to bottom from the horizontal direction, and the cross section area is gradually increased, so that hydrogen can conveniently enter; the air stacking and distributing channel is horizontally and gradually bent from top to bottom, and the cross section area is gradually increased, so that air can conveniently enter; the coolant stacking sub-channel is a horizontal channel; the coolant discharge sub-channel is a horizontal channel; the air outlet stacking and distributing channel gradually tends to be horizontal from top to bottom by bending, so that the air after reaction and the generated water are conveniently discharged; the hydrogen discharge sub-channel gradually tends to be horizontal from top to bottom by bending, so that the unconsumed hydrogen is conveniently discharged.
2. A distribution manifold for a fuel cell stack assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen inlet stack main channel, the air inlet stack main channel, the coolant outlet stack main channel, the air outlet stack main channel and the hydrogen outlet stack main channel in the central plate are sequentially arranged in parallel in the central plate.
3. A distribution manifold for a fuel cell stack assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the hydrogen inlet stack main channel, the air inlet stack main channel, the coolant outlet stack main channel, the air outlet stack main channel and the hydrogen outlet stack main channel in the central plate are all prism channels.
4. A distribution manifold for a fuel cell stack assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the branch channels on the two single-pile gas distribution plates are distributed in a centrosymmetric manner by taking the central plate as the center.
5. A distribution manifold for a fuel cell stack assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the two sides of the central plate and/or the inner side of the single-pile gas distribution plate are/is provided with a sealing groove which is the same as the branch channel in shape, a sealing gasket is arranged in the sealing groove, and the sealing gasket is provided with a hollow-out area which is the same as the branch channel in shape.
6. A distribution manifold for a fuel cell stack assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a sealing groove is arranged at the joint of the outlet of the sub-channel at the outer side of the single stack gas distribution plate and the cell stack, and a sealing gasket is arranged in the sealing groove.
7. A distribution manifold for a fuel cell stack assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a sealing groove is arranged between the central plate and the air inlet box, and a sealing gasket is arranged in the sealing groove.
8. A distribution manifold for a fuel cell stack assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a sealing groove is arranged between the air inlet box and the air inlet cover plate, and a sealing gasket is arranged in the sealing groove.
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CN111900430B (en) * 2020-07-20 2022-09-27 上海骥翀氢能科技有限公司 Insulation board and galvanic pile
CN112213647A (en) * 2020-10-27 2021-01-12 广东国鸿氢能科技有限公司 Multi-stack testing device for fuel cell stack
CN113346120B (en) * 2021-05-19 2022-08-16 武汉理工大学 Manifold device for fuel cell stack
CN114464841B (en) * 2021-10-08 2023-12-19 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 Distribution manifold and fuel cell
CN114464837B (en) * 2021-10-08 2024-01-16 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 Fuel cell system and assembly process
CN114497622B (en) * 2021-10-08 2024-01-16 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 Fuel cell system
CN114464863B (en) * 2021-10-08 2023-12-19 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 Distribution manifold and fuel cell
CN117174982B (en) * 2023-11-02 2024-01-23 四川荣创新能动力系统有限公司 Air in-out stack distribution structure of fuel cell and in-out stack assembly thereof

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JP5902550B2 (en) * 2012-05-10 2016-04-13 本田技研工業株式会社 Fuel cell system
JP6275224B1 (en) * 2016-10-26 2018-02-07 日本碍子株式会社 Fuel cell stack
CN110277569A (en) * 2019-06-13 2019-09-24 苏州奥加华新能源有限公司 A kind of fuel cell stack with central manifold

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