CN111755714A - High-power fuel cell system for commercial vehicle - Google Patents
High-power fuel cell system for commercial vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN111755714A CN111755714A CN202010604716.8A CN202010604716A CN111755714A CN 111755714 A CN111755714 A CN 111755714A CN 202010604716 A CN202010604716 A CN 202010604716A CN 111755714 A CN111755714 A CN 111755714A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 62
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 37
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
- H01M8/2475—Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
- H01M8/04149—Humidifying by diffusion, e.g. making use of membranes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04671—Failure or abnormal function of the individual fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04708—Temperature of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04723—Temperature of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04768—Pressure; Flow of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04835—Humidity; Water content of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04865—Voltage
- H01M8/04888—Voltage of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-power fuel cell system for a commercial vehicle, which comprises a fuel cell system frame structure, a direct-current booster, a direct-current step-down transformer, a pile module, fuel cell system accessories and a fuel cell system controller, wherein the direct-current booster is connected with the pile module; the fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell system frame structure, a direct current booster, a direct current voltage reducer, a direct current stack module and a fuel cell system controller, wherein the fuel cell system frame structure is provided with a plurality of layers, the direct current booster and the direct current voltage reducer are both arranged on the upper portion of the fuel cell system frame structure, the direct current booster is integrated with a whole vehicle high-voltage bus, the stack module is arranged in the middle of the fuel cell system frame structure, the fuel cell system accessories are arranged on the lower portion of the fuel cell system frame structure and are connected with the stack module, the direct current voltage reducer outputs electric energy through the stack module to supply power to low-voltage accessories in the system, and the fuel cell system controller is used for controlling the fuel cell system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of new energy, belongs to a fuel cell system, and particularly relates to a high-power fuel cell system for a commercial vehicle.
Background
Nowadays, global environmental pollution is aggravated, greenhouse gas emission is high, and governments around the world encourage the popularization and application of new energy automobiles. Pure electric, hybrid power and fuel cells are the technical routes of three new energy vehicles, wherein the fuel cell vehicle has the characteristics of long driving range and zero pollution, is particularly suitable for the field of commercial vehicle types, is concerned by various large vehicles and enterprises all over the world, and is actively researched and developed.
A fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. Specifically, hydrogen is introduced into the anode of the fuel cell, air is introduced into the cathode of the fuel cell, and the fuel cell generates electricity and heat through electrochemical reaction. The fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell stack formed by connecting a plurality of fuel cells in series, a hydrogen supply unit, an oxygen supply unit, a fuel cell stack thermal management unit and an electric unit. On the whole vehicle, the fuel cell system can continuously supply power for a driving motor or a power battery.
At present, fuel cell systems capable of operating on a whole vehicle are classified into two types according to the types of fuel cell sheets: proton exchange membrane fuel cells and solid oxide fuel cells. The solid oxide fuel cell belongs to a high-temperature cell, and high power is difficult to integrate due to the limited volume power density of a galvanic pile. The high-power fuel cell system mentioned in the invention refers to a system integrated by a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. However, in the existing proton exchange membrane fuel cell integrated system technology, the following problems exist: firstly, the fuel cell system for the commercial vehicle is developed towards the direction of high power at present, the larger the power of a fuel cell stack is, the larger the volume of the fuel cell system is, and the more difficult the fuel cell system is arranged on the whole vehicle; secondly, the fuel cell commercial vehicle has higher requirement on the durability of a fuel cell system, and the current requirement is that the using target is 20000 hours. Currently, part of the graphite bipolar plate fuel cell stacks that have been applied globally can have a service life of more than 20000 hours, while the metal plate fuel cell stacks average 5000 hours. Meanwhile, the reliability and the durability of parts on the fuel cell system are not uniform, and the integrated design of the fuel cell system has great influence on the service life of the fuel cell system; and thirdly, the voltage of the fuel cell stack is low after power generation, the fuel cell stack can be connected to a bus of the whole vehicle after being boosted by the direct current booster, and when the fuel cell stack is started, the fuel cell system accessory can start to work only by taking electricity from a power battery of the whole vehicle. Generally, the whole vehicle is provided with a high-voltage direct-current booster for a fuel cell system and a low-voltage direct-current distributor for accessories of the fuel cell system, so that the structural complexity and the arrangement difficulty of the electric system of the whole vehicle are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a commercial vehicle high-power fuel cell system which is developed for commercial vehicle type matching, reasonable in structural hierarchy, strong in manufacturability and low in system cost aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a high-power fuel cell system for commercial vehicles comprises a fuel cell system frame structure, a direct current booster, a direct current step-down transformer, a stack module, fuel cell system accessories and a fuel cell system controller; the fuel cell system frame structure is provided with a plurality of layers, direct current booster and direct current step-down transformer are all arranged in the upper portion of fuel cell system frame structure, direct current booster is integrated with whole car high voltage bus, the pile module set up in the middle part of fuel cell system frame structure, fuel cell system annex set up in the lower part of fuel cell system frame structure and with the pile module is connected, direct current step-down transformer passes through pile module output electric energy and supplies power for the low pressure annex in the system, fuel cell system controller is used for controlling fuel cell system.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the stack module comprises a stack, a conductive copper bar and a gas-liquid distributor; the electric pile is arranged on the frame structure of the fuel cell system through the electric pile module shell; the fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell system accessory and is characterized in that two galvanic piles are arranged, the two galvanic piles are connected in series through the conductive copper bars, one galvanic pile is provided with a current-voltage sensor in series at the negative pole, the other galvanic pile relay is provided with a galvanic pile relay in series at the positive pole, and the gas-liquid distributor is arranged at a liquid inlet and outlet of the galvanic pile module and is connected with the fuel cell system accessory.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the stack module further includes a hydrogen leakage sensor.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the fuel cell system accessories include an oxygen supply system, a hydrogen supply system and a thermal management system; the oxygen supply system, the hydrogen supply system and the thermal management system are respectively connected with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet of the galvanic pile module through the gas-liquid distributor; and a temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on the gas-liquid distributor.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the oxygen supply system includes an air flow meter, an air compressor, an intercooler, a membrane humidifier, and a throttle valve; the air compressor machine respectively with air flowmeter and intercooler are connected, membrane humidifier and air throttle respectively with the pile module is connected, one side of air flowmeter is provided with air cleaner.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, a humidity sensor is further arranged on a pipeline connecting the membrane humidifier and the gas-liquid distributor.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the hydrogen supply system includes a high-pressure solenoid valve, a proportional valve, a hydrogen circulation pump and a water separator; one end of the high-pressure electromagnetic valve is connected with a hydrogen inlet, the other end of the high-pressure electromagnetic valve is connected with the proportional valve, and the proportional valve is connected with the pile module through a pipeline; the water separator is respectively connected with the galvanic pile module and the hydrogen circulating pump, the water separator is also provided with a hydrogen discharge and drainage electromagnetic valve, and the hydrogen circulating pump is connected with the proportional valve through a one-way valve; a medium-pressure sensor is arranged between the high-pressure electromagnetic valve and the proportional valve; the proportional valve is also connected with a pressure release valve.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, a medium-pressure sensor is arranged between the high-pressure electromagnetic valve and the proportional valve.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the heat management system comprises a circulating water pump, an electric tee joint, a PTC, a radiator, an expansion water tank, a filter, a deionization tank and an exhaust pipe; one end of the circulating water pump is connected with the expansion water tank through a liquid supplementing pipe, two ends of the PTC and the radiator are respectively connected with the electric tee joint and one end of the circulating water pump, and the other end of the electric tee joint is connected with the pile module; the filter set up in the export that thermal management system and pile module are connected, the blast pipe is provided with two tunnel, wherein one of the way the one end of blast pipe set up in the export that thermal management system and pile module are connected, the other end and the expansion tank of blast pipe are connected, another way the one end of blast pipe with the radiator is connected, the other end with expansion tank connects.
And a conductivity sensor is also arranged between the radiator and the electric tee.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the fuel cell system frame structure of the invention improves the requirements of type selection of system parts and the real-time closed-loop control capability of electricity, gas and liquid of the system, and solves the problem of system durability.
The electrical system structure of the fuel cell system of the invention enables the fuel cell system to be unified with a voltage platform of a whole vehicle, reduces the number of interfaces and is convenient to integrate with the electrical system of the whole vehicle.
The invention has better size structure adaptability, compact layout on the transverse size of the fuel cell system, and lower layer frame structure of the fuel cell system can provide support and protection for accessories.
The fuel cell system can expand the power of the stack, develops a higher-power fuel cell system on the basis of the original structure, is matched and developed aiming at commercial vehicle types, has reasonable structural hierarchy, strong manufacturability and low system cost, is suitable for the commercial vehicle types, and has higher economic benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a fuel cell system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a fuel cell system frame construction according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a stack module according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a fuel cell system accessory of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the heat sink structure of the present invention.
In the drawings: 1 is a fuel cell system frame structure, 2 is a direct current booster, 3 is a direct current step-down transformer, 4 is a stack module, 5 is an oxygen supply system, 6 is a hydrogen supply system, 7 is a thermal management system, 8 is a temperature and pressure sensor, 41 is a stack, 42 is a conductive copper bar, 43 is a stack current sensor, 44 is a stack voltage relay, 45 is a gas-liquid distributor, 46 is a stack module housing, 47 is a hydrogen leakage sensor, 51 is an air flow meter, 52 is an air compressor, 53 is an intercooler, 54 is a membrane humidifier, 55 is a throttle, 56 is an air filter, 57 is a humidity sensor, 61 is a high-pressure solenoid valve, 62 is a proportional valve, 63 is a hydrogen circulation pump, 64 is a hydrogen discharge and water discharge solenoid valve, 65 is a pressure release valve, 66 is a water separator, 67 is a check valve, 68 is a medium-pressure sensor, 71 is a circulation water pump, 72 is an electric tee, 73 is a PTC, 74 is a radiator, 75 is an expansion water tank, 76 is a filter, 77 is a deionization tank, 78 is an exhaust pipe, 79 is a liquid replenishing pipe, and 80 is a conductivity sensor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a high-power fuel cell system for commercial vehicles includes a fuel cell system frame structure 1, a dc voltage booster 2, a dc voltage reducer 3, a stack module 4, fuel cell system accessories, and a fuel cell system controller; fuel cell system frame construction 1 is provided with a plurality of layers, direct current booster 2 and direct current step-down transformer 3 are all arranged in fuel cell system frame construction 1's upper portion, direct current booster 2 is integrated with whole car high voltage bus, pile module 4 set up in fuel cell system frame construction 1's middle part, fuel cell system annex 5 set up in fuel cell system frame construction 1's lower part and with pile module 4 is connected, direct current step-down transformer 3 passes through pile module 4 output electric energy and supplies power for the interior low pressure annex of system, fuel cell system controller is used for controlling fuel cell system.
The galvanic pile module 4 comprises a galvanic pile 41, a conductive copper bar 42, a galvanic pile current sensor 43, a galvanic pile voltage relay 44, a gas-liquid distributor 45 and a galvanic pile module shell 46; the electric pile 41 is arranged on the frame structure 1 of the fuel cell system through an electric pile module shell 46, two electric piles 41 are arranged, namely an electric pile I and an electric pile II, the electric pile I and the electric pile II are connected in series through the conductive copper bar 42, a current-voltage sensor 43 is connected in series with the negative pole of the electric pile I, and the current-voltage sensor 43 monitors the current voltage of the electric pile 41 in real time; pile relay 44 that the positive pole of pile two is established ties for control pile voltage circuit's breaking, prevent that the pile from exporting the too high current and causing the damage to the pile, gas-liquid distributor 45 set up in pile module 4's business turn over liquid mouth, pile module 4 still includes hydrogen and reveals sensor 47, hydrogen reveal sensor 47 set up in on the pile module 4.
The fuel cell system accessories comprise an oxygen supply system 5, a hydrogen supply system 6 and a thermal management system 7; oxygen system 5, hydrogen supply system 6 and thermal management system 7 pass through respectively gas-liquid distributor 45 with the business turn over liquid mouth of galvanic pile module 4 is connected, and then carries out the distribution of hydrogen, air and coolant liquid to two galvanic piles, the gas-liquid distributor 45 is equipped with temperature pressure sensor 8, and this temperature pressure sensor 8 can real-time supervision fuel cell system's galvanic pile access & exit air, hydrogen, the temperature and the pressure of coolant liquid.
The oxygen supply system 5 comprises an air flow meter 51, an air compressor 52, an intercooler 53, a membrane humidifier 54 and a throttle valve 55; the air compressor 52 is respectively connected with the air flow meter 51 and the intercooler 53, the membrane humidifier 54 and the throttle valve 55 are respectively connected with the stack module 4, and when in use, one side of the air flow meter 51 is provided with an air filter 56.
Specifically, air enters the air flow meter 51 through the air filter 56, the air flow meter 51 feeds back real-time air flow to the fuel cell system controller, the air compressor 52 performs mechanical work to pressurize the air, then enters the intercooler 53 to cool the air, the cooled air enters the membrane humidifier 54 to be humidified, finally enters the cell stack module 4 to participate in reaction, the reacted air is discharged through the throttle valve 55, in the above embodiment, it should be noted that the air compressor 52 and the throttle valve 55 jointly regulate the air flow and pressure entering the cell stack module 4, the gas-liquid distributor of the oxygen supply system is provided with the temperature and pressure sensor 8 capable of monitoring the temperature and pressure of the air entering and exiting the cell stack module 4 in real time, the pipeline connecting the membrane 54 and the gas-liquid distributor 45 is also provided with the humidity sensor 57 capable of transmitting the humidity of the air to the fuel cell system controller in real time, the requirement of the pile module 4 on the humidity of the air is met in a closed-loop regulation mode; meanwhile, the parts on the oxygen supply system are connected through pipelines and are fixed on the frame structure of the fuel cell system and the bottom plate of the pile module through a bracket and a pipe clamp.
The hydrogen supply system 6 comprises a high-pressure electromagnetic valve 61, a proportional valve 62, a hydrogen circulating pump 63, a hydrogen discharge and drainage electromagnetic valve 64, a pressure release valve 65 and a water separator 66; one end of the high-pressure electromagnetic valve 61 is connected with a hydrogen inlet, the other end of the high-pressure electromagnetic valve 61 is connected with the proportional valve 62, the proportional valve 62 is connected with the galvanic pile module 4 through a pipeline, the water separator 66 is respectively connected with the galvanic pile module 4 and the hydrogen circulating pump 63, the water separator 66 is further provided with a hydrogen discharge and drainage electromagnetic valve 64, and the hydrogen circulating pump 63 is connected with the proportional valve 62 through a one-way valve 67; a medium pressure sensor 68 is arranged between the high pressure electromagnetic valve 61 and the proportional valve 62; the proportional valve 62 is also provided with a pressure relief valve 65.
Specifically, the high-pressure electromagnetic valve 61 controls the on-off of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell system, so as to play a protection role. The medium-pressure sensor 68 arranged between the high-pressure electromagnetic valve 61 and the proportional valve 62 can monitor the pressure of hydrogen entering the proportional valve in real time, the proportional valve 62 plays a role in pressure protection, the hydrogen pressure of the proportional valve 62 is controlled by a fuel cell system controller, and the pressure and flow requirements of the hydrogen during the reaction of the galvanic pile are met by jointly adjusting the hydrogen circulating pump 63, the proportional valve 62 and the water-draining hydrogen-discharging electromagnetic valve 64; on the hydrogen pipeline, a pressure release valve 65 is arranged on the proportional valve 62, and the pressure release valve 65 can be mechanically opened when the hydrogen pressure is abnormally increased, so that the hydrogen is discharged to a tail discharge pipeline of the system, and the galvanic pile is prevented from being damaged by the pressure; hydrogen after the galvanic pile participates in the reaction enters a water separator 66, after part of water is discharged through a hydrogen discharge and drainage electromagnetic valve 64, the hydrogen is mechanically pressurized by a hydrogen circulating pump 63, so that unreacted hydrogen enters a hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile again through a one-way valve 67 to participate in the reaction, and the hydrogen circulating reaction can improve the utilization efficiency of the galvanic pile on the hydrogen; the temperature and pressure sensor 8 is arranged on the gas-liquid distributor 45 of the hydrogen supply system, and the temperature and pressure sensor 8 can monitor the temperature and pressure of the hydrogen at the inlet and outlet of the electric pile of the fuel cell system in real time. Similarly, the components of the hydrogen supply system are connected by pipelines and fixed on the frame structure of the fuel cell system and the base plate of the stack module by brackets and pipe clamps.
In the actual operation process, hydrogen can be revealed to the pile, for preventing that hydrogen concentration from reaching explosion limit, behind oxygen system air way intercooler, draw out the air of a way and carry out the heap chamber to pile module 4 and sweep, hydrogen reveals the hydrogen concentration that sensor 47 can monitor after diluting to feed back to fuel cell system controller, fuel cell system controller judges whether start system protection mechanism according to the hydrogen concentration who monitors.
The thermal management system 7 comprises a circulating water pump 71, an electric tee 72, a PTC73, a radiator 74, an expansion water tank 75, a filter 76, a deionization tank 77 and an exhaust pipe 78; one end of the circulating water pump 71 is connected with the expansion water tank 75 through a liquid supplementing pipe 79, two ends of the PTC73 and the radiator 74 are respectively connected with one ends of the electric tee 72 and the circulating water pump 71, the other end of the electric tee 72 is connected with the electric pile module 4, the filter 76 is arranged at an outlet of the thermal management system 7 connected with the electric pile module 4, the exhaust pipe 78 is provided with two paths, wherein one end of the exhaust pipe 78 is arranged at an outlet of the thermal management system 7 connected with the electric pile module 4, the other end of the exhaust pipe 78 is connected with the expansion water tank 75, the other end of the exhaust pipe 78 is connected with the radiator 74, and the other end of the exhaust pipe is connected with the expansion water tank 75.
In the above embodiment, a conductivity sensor 80 is further disposed between the radiator 74 and the electromotive tee 72; the deionization tank 77 is provided on an exhaust pipe connecting the radiator 74 and the expansion tank 75; the conductivity sensor 80 of the invention can monitor the conductivity of the cooling liquid on line, the deionizer tank 77 can filter ions on the thermal management system, and the combined application of the conductivity sensor 80 and the deionization tank 77 can meet the conductivity requirement of the thermal management system.
When in use, the circulating water pump 71 provides power according to the requirements of a fuel cell system controller, and the requirements of flow and pressure of the electric pile cooling on the cold night are met. The circulating water pump 71 is respectively connected with the PTC73 and the radiator 74 through the electric tee 72, the two are finally mixed by the electric tee 72, the electric tee 72 controls the connection and disconnection of the connectors of the PTC73 and the radiator 74 to enable the cooling liquid to realize large and small circulating control, when the heat dissipation capacity of the electric pile is small, the electric tee 72 enables the cooling liquid to flow through the PTC43, enter the electric tee 72 and then enter the electric pile, and when the heat dissipation capacity of the electric pile is large, the electric tee 72 enables the cooling liquid to flow through the radiator 74, enter the electric tee 72 and then enter the electric pile to take heat out. The stack outlet is provided with a filter 76 on the thermal management system capable of filtering particulate impurities in excess of 50 μm. The exhaust pipe 78 can exhaust gas in the pipeline of the thermal management system into the expansion water tank 75, so that the thermal management system is prevented from being adversely affected by bubbles; expansion tank 75 also has an integrated fluid replacement pipe 79 to which coolant can be made in real time according to the requirements on the thermal management system. A gas-liquid distributor of the thermal management system is provided with a temperature and pressure sensor which can monitor the temperature and pressure of cooling liquid at an inlet and an outlet of a galvanic pile of the fuel cell system in real time. By monitoring the temperature difference of the inlet and the outlet, the fuel cell system controller adjusts the rotating speed of the circulating water pump, and the heat dissipation of the electric pile is accurately adjusted.
In the above embodiment, in order to meet the requirement of high integration of the fuel cell system, the expansion tank 75, the conductivity sensor 80, the filter 76, and the like are integrated with the radiator 74. Similarly, the components of the thermal management system are connected by piping and secured to the frame structure of the fuel cell system and to the base plate of the stack module by brackets and tube clamps.
In the above embodiment, after the oxygen supply system 5, the hydrogen supply system 6, and the thermal management system 7 meet the gas consumption and heat dissipation requirements of the stack, the electric power output by the fuel cell stack is sent to the dc booster 2, and after the dc booster 2 boosts the stack, the electric power is respectively sent to the air compressor controller, the PTC, the dc booster, and the whole vehicle high-voltage dc bus through the power distribution unit; and the direct current voltage reducer 3 reduces the voltage to 24V, and then the voltage is conveyed to low-voltage electric components in the fuel cell system through the low-voltage distribution unit. In the present invention, the temperature and pressure sensor and the humidity sensor of the fuel cell system are driven by a 5V power supply provided by the fuel cell system sensor, and other low-voltage electric components are 24V. The unified power utilization voltage platform reduces the complexity of the electrical module of the fuel cell system. The electrical module is secured to the fuel cell system top frame by a bracket.
Finally, a top section bar frame and a bottom section bar frame of a fuel cell system frame structure of the fuel cell system are connected with a pile module frame through bolts to form a structural system of the whole system; when the fuel cell system is fixed with the whole vehicle, the hole position is arranged on the bottom frame, and the bottom frame is connected with the whole vehicle fixing structure after being transited through the shock pad.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two components can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and the two components can be communicated with each other. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high-power fuel cell system for commercial vehicles is characterized by comprising a fuel cell system frame structure (1), a direct current booster (2), a direct current step-down transformer (3), a galvanic pile module (4), fuel cell system accessories and a fuel cell system controller; fuel cell system frame construction (1) is provided with a plurality of layers, direct current booster (2) and direct current step-down transformer (3) are all arranged in the upper portion of fuel cell system frame construction (1), direct current booster (2) are integrated with whole car high voltage bus, pile module (4) set up in the middle part of fuel cell system frame construction (1), fuel cell system annex (5) set up in the lower part of fuel cell system frame construction (1) and with pile module (4) are connected, direct current step-down transformer (3) are the low pressure annex power supply in the system through pile module (4) output electric energy, fuel cell system controller is used for controlling fuel cell system.
2. The high-power fuel cell system for commercial vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the stack module (4) comprises a stack (41), a copper conducting bar (42) and a gas-liquid distributor (45); the electric pile (41) is arranged on the fuel cell system frame structure (1) through an electric pile module shell (46); the fuel cell system is characterized in that the number of the electric piles (41) is two, the two electric piles are connected in series through the conductive copper bars (42), one of the electric piles is provided with a current-voltage sensor (43) in series at the negative pole of the electric pile (41), the other electric pile relay (44) is connected in series at the positive pole of the electric pile (41), and the gas-liquid distributor (45) is arranged at a liquid inlet and outlet of the electric pile module (4) and is connected with a fuel cell system accessory.
3. The high power fuel cell system for commercial vehicles according to claim 2, wherein the stack module (4) further comprises a hydrogen leakage sensor (47).
4. The high-power fuel cell system for commercial vehicles according to claim 2, wherein the fuel cell system accessories include an oxygen supply system (5), a hydrogen supply system (6) and a thermal management system (7); the oxygen supply system (5), the hydrogen supply system (6) and the thermal management system (7) are respectively connected with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet of the galvanic pile module (4) through the gas-liquid distributor (45); and a temperature and pressure sensor (8) is arranged on the gas-liquid distributor (45).
5. The high-power fuel cell system for commercial vehicles according to claim 4, wherein the oxygen supply system (5) comprises an air flow meter (51), an air compressor (52), an intercooler (53), a membrane humidifier (54) and a throttle valve (55); the air compressor (52) is respectively connected with the air flow meter (51) and the intercooler (53), the membrane humidifier (54) and the throttle valve (55) are respectively connected with the electric pile module (4), and an air filter (56) is arranged on one side of the air flow meter (51).
6. The high-power fuel cell system for commercial vehicles according to claim 5, wherein a humidity sensor (57) is further provided on a pipe connecting the membrane humidifier (54) and the gas-liquid distributor (45).
7. The high-power fuel cell system for commercial vehicles according to claim 4, wherein the hydrogen supply system (6) comprises a high-pressure solenoid valve (61), a proportional valve (62), a hydrogen circulation pump (63) and a water separator (66); one end of the high-pressure electromagnetic valve (61) is connected with a hydrogen inlet, the other end of the high-pressure electromagnetic valve (61) is connected with the proportional valve (62), and the proportional valve (62) is connected with the pile module (4) through a pipeline; the water separator (66) is respectively connected with the galvanic pile module (4) and the hydrogen circulating pump (63), the water separator (66) is also provided with a hydrogen discharge and drainage electromagnetic valve (64), and the hydrogen circulating pump (63) is connected with the proportional valve (62) through a one-way valve (67); a medium pressure sensor (68) is arranged between the high pressure electromagnetic valve (61) and the proportional valve (62); the proportional valve (62) is also provided with a pressure relief valve (65) in a connecting way.
8. The high power fuel cell system for commercial vehicle according to claim 7, wherein a medium pressure sensor (68) is provided between the high pressure solenoid valve (61) and the proportional valve (62).
9. The high-power fuel cell system for commercial vehicles according to claim 4, wherein the thermal management system (7) comprises a circulating water pump (71), an electric tee (72), a PTC (73), a radiator (74), an expansion tank (75), a filter (76), a deionization tank (77) and an exhaust pipe (78); one end of the circulating water pump (71) is connected with the expansion water tank (75) through a liquid supplementing pipe (79), two ends of the PTC (73) and the radiator (74) are respectively connected with one end of the electric tee joint (72) and one end of the circulating water pump (71), and the other end of the electric tee joint (72) is connected with the pile module (4); filter (76) set up in the export that thermal management system (7) and galvanic pile module (4) are connected, blast pipe (78) are provided with two tunnel, wherein one of them way the one end of blast pipe (78) set up in the export that thermal management system (7) and galvanic pile module are connected (4), the other end and expansion tank (75) of blast pipe (78) are connected, another way the one end of blast pipe (78) with radiator (74) are connected, the other end with expansion tank (75) are connected.
10. The high-power fuel cell system for commercial vehicles according to claim 9, characterized in that an electrical conductivity sensor (80) is further provided between the radiator (74) and the electric tee (72).
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| CN202010604716.8A CN111755714A (en) | 2020-06-29 | 2020-06-29 | High-power fuel cell system for commercial vehicle |
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| CN113067018A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-07-02 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | Fuel cell hydrogen circulation test system |
| CN113346103A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-03 | 黄冈格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 | Fuel cell heat dissipation system for high-power station and control method |
| CN114361524A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-04-15 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | High-power fuel cell and vehicle-mounted hydrogen integration system and method |
| CN114725442A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-08 | 上海捷氢科技股份有限公司 | Fuel cell system |
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| CN113346103A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-03 | 黄冈格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 | Fuel cell heat dissipation system for high-power station and control method |
| CN114361524A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-04-15 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | High-power fuel cell and vehicle-mounted hydrogen integration system and method |
| CN114725442A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-08 | 上海捷氢科技股份有限公司 | Fuel cell system |
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Application publication date: 20201009 |