CN114725421A - Bipolar plate with flow channel resistance adjustment for fuel cell - Google Patents
Bipolar plate with flow channel resistance adjustment for fuel cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114725421A CN114725421A CN202210460794.4A CN202210460794A CN114725421A CN 114725421 A CN114725421 A CN 114725421A CN 202210460794 A CN202210460794 A CN 202210460794A CN 114725421 A CN114725421 A CN 114725421A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- flow
- resistance
- fuel cell
- bipolar plate
- flow channel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
- H01M8/0256—Vias, i.e. connectors passing through the separator material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a bipolar plate with a flow channel resistance adjusting function for a fuel cell, wherein a plurality of flow channels are uniformly arranged on the bipolar plate; the flow channel is used for restricting the flow of hydrogen or air; and a flow field resistance increasing structure is arranged in the flow channel and is used for balancing the flow resistance of different flow channels. The flow field resistance increasing structure is a convex block. The flow field resistance increasing structures are arranged in a plurality according to the flow resistance required by different flow channels, and the flow field resistance increasing structures are arranged at different positions of the flow channels according to the flow resistance values at different positions of the flow channels. The invention realizes the control of the gas pressure in each flow channel by controlling the flow resistance of the flow channel of the polar plate, further realizes the balance of the gas pressure and the gas flow in different flow channels, further controls the flow speed of the gas in different flow channels, reasonably adjusts the flow speed distribution and discharges the product water in the running process of the polar plate under the rated working condition of a fuel cell system, and effectively solves the problem of flooding of the fuel cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a bipolar plate with a flow channel resistance adjusting function for a fuel cell.
Background
At present, with the wide application of electric vehicles, various battery technologies are widely developed, and the battery technologies are innovated, the fuel battery can be widely applied because the fuel battery can directly convert chemical energy into electric energy, but after the fuel battery is used in a large quantity, the distribution of gas at the inlet of a bipolar plate can be generated along with the entering of hydrogen and air in the starting and running process of the fuel battery, and the gas distribution at the gas inlet side is uneven because the gas distribution of a runner which is closer to the gas inlet is more, so that the phenomenon of flooding caused by local gas shortage can be generated.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a bipolar plate with flow channel resistance adjustment for a fuel cell, which aims to solve the technical problems of the prior art.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a bipolar plate with flow channel resistance adjustment for a fuel cell is provided, wherein a plurality of flow channels are uniformly arranged on the bipolar plate;
the flow channel is used for restricting the flow of hydrogen or air;
and a flow field resistance increasing structure is arranged in the flow channel and is used for balancing the flow resistance of different flow channels.
Preferably, the flow field resistance-increasing structure is a bump.
Preferably, the flow field resistance increasing structures are arranged in a plurality according to the flow resistance required by different flow channels, and the flow field resistance increasing structures are arranged at different positions of the flow channels according to the flow resistance values at different positions of the flow channels.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
after the bipolar plate with the flow channel resistance adjustment function for the fuel cell is adopted, the gas pressure in each flow channel is controlled by controlling the flow resistance of the flow channel of the bipolar plate, and further the balance of the gas pressure and the gas flow in different flow channels is realized. By controlling the flow velocity of the gas in the different flow channels, a reduction of the gas distribution area is achieved. The design of the resistance increasing structure increases the partial flow velocity in the matching of the fuel cell bipolar plate and the membrane electrode, effectively discharges the product to generate water, promotes the reaction gas to be transmitted to the gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode (pushes the reaction gas into the gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode), improves the concentration of the reaction gas in the gas diffusion layer and increases the reaction efficiency; under the rated working condition of the fuel cell system, the product water distribution state is obtained in the operation of the bipolar plate, the generated product water is reasonably distributed and discharged by adjusting the flow and the flow rate, the problem of water flooding of the fuel cell is effectively solved, and the operation efficiency of the fuel cell is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a bipolar plate with flow channel resistance adjustment for a fuel cell according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the arrangement position of a bipolar plate resistance-increasing structure with flow channel resistance adjustment of a fuel cell according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a bipolar plate with flow channel resistance adjustment for a fuel cell, wherein a plurality of flow channels are uniformly arranged on the bipolar plate;
the flow channel is used for restricting the flow of hydrogen or air;
and a flow field resistance increasing structure is arranged in the flow channel and is used for balancing the flow resistance of different flow channels.
In specific implementation, the flow field resistance increasing structure is a convex block.
When the flow field resistance increasing structure is specifically implemented, the flow field resistance increasing structures are arranged in a plurality according to the flow resistance requirements of different flow channels, and the flow field resistance increasing structures are arranged at different positions of the flow channels according to the flow resistance values of the flow channels at different positions.
In specific implementation, the width of each flow channel groove and the width of each ridge are set to be 1.8 mm.
In specific implementation, the base material selected for the bipolar plate design is 0.1mm thick SUS 316L.
In specific implementation, the main dimension of the bipolar plate is 410mm × 153 mm.
When the gas-fuel cell stack runs, the gas enters the gas distribution area after entering the cell stack, enters the bipolar plate flow channels in the gas distribution area, and the balance of the gas pressure in the flow channels is realized through the design of the resistance increasing structure.
The bipolar plate with the flow channel resistance adjustment function for the fuel cell realizes the control of the gas pressure in each flow channel through controlling the flow resistance of the flow channel of the bipolar plate, and further realizes the balance of the gas pressure and the gas flow in different flow channels. By controlling the flow rates of the gases in the different flow channels, a reduction in the gas distribution area is achieved. The design of the resistance-increasing structure increases the partial flow velocity in the matching of the bipolar plate of the fuel cell and the membrane electrode, effectively discharges the product to generate water, promotes the transmission of reaction gas to the gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode (pushes the reaction gas into the gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode), improves the concentration of the reaction gas in the gas diffusion layer and increases the reaction efficiency; under the rated working condition of the fuel cell system, the product water distribution state is obtained in the operation of the bipolar plate, the generated product water is reasonably distributed and discharged by adjusting the flow and the flow rate, the problem of water flooding of the fuel cell is effectively solved, and the operation efficiency of the fuel cell is greatly improved.
The main body design of the bipolar plate of the fuel cell is greatly different from the current mainstream design in China, the distribution area of the bipolar plate of the fuel cell in the prior design is fine and is used for balancing a part of flow resistance between an inlet and an outlet, the distribution area of the bipolar plate of the fuel cell is small, the resistance drop of each flow channel between a gas inlet and a gas outlet is balanced by adding a resistance-increasing structure in a flow field of a reaction area, the design can better meet the length design requirement of the fuel cell on the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell, and meanwhile, the resistance-increasing structure is added in the flow field, air can be pushed into a Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) of a membrane electrode through pressure resistance, so that the oxygen concentration in the gas diffusion layer is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the drainage of the cathode plate side of the fuel cell is greatly improved by adopting the new flow field mode. Greatly improving the flooding phenomenon of the cathode side of the fuel cell.
Resistance-increasing structures are added in the groove areas of the bipolar plate (see figure 2), and the number and the positions of the resistance-increasing structures in each flow field are properly adjusted according to the flow distribution requirement of the design of the polar plate by adding corresponding resistance-increasing structures at the grooves so as to meet the final design requirement of the bipolar plate. Each resistance-increasing structure is periodic in each flow field and is periodically staggered and uniformly distributed in different flow fields, and the number and the positions of the resistance-increasing structures of the flow fields at the gas inlet and the gas outlet are kept consistent (in central symmetry) on the premise of ensuring the requirement of gas pressure drop of the polar plate.
The flow speed of the reaction gas in the flow field groove can be increased through the design, and the reaction speed is increased.
Under the condition of meeting the performance and distribution requirements of the bipolar plate, the design of reducing the length direction of the polar plate to a great extent meets the boundary requirements of the fuel cell stack on a fuel cell system and the whole vehicle.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (3)
1. A bipolar plate with flow channel resistance adjustment for a fuel cell is characterized in that: a plurality of flow channels are uniformly arranged on the bipolar plate;
the flow channel is used for restricting the flow of hydrogen or air;
and a flow field resistance increasing structure is arranged in the flow channel and is used for balancing the flow resistance of different flow channels.
2. The fuel cell bipolar plate with channel resistance adjustment according to claim 1, wherein: the flow field resistance increasing structure is a convex block.
3. The fuel cell bipolar plate with channel resistance adjustment according to claim 1, wherein: the flow field resistance increasing structures are arranged in a plurality according to the flow resistance required by different flow channels, and the flow field resistance increasing structures are arranged at different positions of the flow channels according to the flow resistance values at different positions of the flow channels.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210460794.4A CN114725421A (en) | 2022-04-28 | 2022-04-28 | Bipolar plate with flow channel resistance adjustment for fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210460794.4A CN114725421A (en) | 2022-04-28 | 2022-04-28 | Bipolar plate with flow channel resistance adjustment for fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114725421A true CN114725421A (en) | 2022-07-08 |
Family
ID=82244821
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210460794.4A Pending CN114725421A (en) | 2022-04-28 | 2022-04-28 | Bipolar plate with flow channel resistance adjustment for fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114725421A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-04-28 CN CN202210460794.4A patent/CN114725421A/en active Pending
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