CN211858802U

CN211858802U - Bipolar plate for fuel cell

Info

Publication number: CN211858802U
Application number: CN202020365729.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 翟凤霞; 刘家和; 吕为民
Original assignee: Sushui Energy Technology Suzhou Co ltd
Current assignee: Sushui Energy Technology Suzhou Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-21
Filing date: 2020-03-21
Publication date: 2020-11-03
Anticipated expiration: 2030-03-21

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fuel cell bipolar plate, including the reaction flow field, fuel feed liquor hold up tank and fuel play liquid hold up tank, bipolar plate's positive middle part is located in the reaction flow field, the reaction flow field includes, lower fuel sprue and a plurality of subchannel group, on, the upper and lower both sides of a plurality of subchannels group are located to lower fuel sprue branch, fuel feed liquor hold up tank passes through first through-hole intercommunication with the front end of last fuel sprue, the fuel goes out the liquid hold up tank and passes through second through-hole intercommunication with the rear end of lower fuel sprue, the subchannel group is arranged by a plurality of end to end and is snakelike subchannel and constitutes, the import of a plurality of subchannels groups all communicates with last fuel sprue, the export of a plurality of subchannels groups all communicates with lower fuel sprue. The utility model optimizes the flow field distribution of the fuel, and controls the temperature more uniformly, thereby improving the long-time operation stability of the fuel cell; meanwhile, the scheme is easy to process and has a commercial application prospect.

Description

Bipolar plate for fuel cell

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fuel cell technical field specifically relates to a fuel cell bipolar plate who optimizes fuel flow field distribution.

Background

The fuel cell is always acknowledged as the first choice of clean energy of the next generation, and is a great advantage for realizing harmony and coexistence of the environment and human beings in the future, and in view of the above, research on the fuel cell is more and more, and the research is deeper and deeper; fuel cells are classified into proton exchange membrane fuel cells, solid oxide fuel cells, molten carbonate fuel cells, phosphoric acid fuel cells, and the like, depending on the electrolyte; the proton exchange membrane is used at a temperature of 0-200 ℃, so that the proton exchange membrane is most likely to be commercialized in a large area, and is also most widely concerned.

The proton exchange membrane fuel cell mainly comprises a bipolar plate, a membrane electrode and a water management and heat management system; bipolar plates are among the most critical influencing factors; in order to ensure the stable performance of the pem fuel cell, it is necessary to keep the temperature at both sides of each membrane electrode relatively uniform and consistent, and the fuel distribution is uniform.

At present, the types of the flow field of the bipolar plate of the fuel cell mainly include a serpentine flow field, a parallel flow field, a biological simulation flow field, a cross flow field and the like.

The serpentine flow field has the advantages of easy drainage; the defect is that the method is not suitable for a flow field with a large area, and each flow channel is too long under the large flow field area, so that the fuel distribution is very uneven, the drainage and the heat dissipation are influenced, and the performance of the fuel cell is reduced.

The parallel flow field is easy to process and has small pressure drop, but the small change of the air flow can easily cause the fuel distribution to generate great fluctuation, so the cell performance is not stable.

Both the biological simulation and the cross flow field can greatly improve the uniformity of the fuel distribution in the flow field, but the processing is very difficult, and the practical industrial application is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a fuel cell bipolar plate, which not only optimizes the flow field distribution of the fuel and controls the temperature more uniformly, thereby improving the long-time operation stability of the fuel cell; meanwhile, the scheme is easy to process and has a commercial application prospect.

The technical scheme of the utility model is realized like this:

a fuel cell bipolar plate comprises a reaction flow field, a fuel liquid inlet storage tank and a fuel liquid outlet storage tank, wherein the reaction flow field is arranged in the middle of the front face of the bipolar plate, the fuel liquid inlet storage tank and the fuel liquid outlet storage tank are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the reaction flow field, the reaction flow field comprises an upper fuel main flow channel, a lower fuel main flow channel and a plurality of sub-flow channel groups, the upper fuel main flow channel and the lower fuel main flow channel are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the sub-flow channel groups, the upper fuel main flow channel and the lower fuel main flow channel extend along the length direction of the bipolar plate, the fuel liquid inlet storage tank is communicated with the front end of the upper fuel main flow channel through a first through hole, the fuel liquid outlet storage tank is communicated with the rear end of the lower fuel main flow channel through a second through hole, and the sub-flow channel groups are formed by a plurality, the inlets of the plurality of sub-channel groups are communicated with the upper fuel main channel, and the outlets of the plurality of sub-channel groups are communicated with the lower fuel main channel.

Furthermore, the front surface of the bipolar plate is provided with an annular sealing groove, and the sealing groove surrounds the reaction flow field, the fuel liquid inlet storage tank and the fuel liquid outlet storage tank.

Furthermore, the distance between the sealing groove and the edge of the bipolar plate, the edge of the upper fuel main runner and the edge of the lower fuel main runner is 0.5-3 mm, the groove width of the sealing groove is 0.1-1.5 mm, and the groove depth of the sealing groove is 0-1.2 mm.

Further, the width ratio of the groove width of the upper fuel main flow channel to the groove width ratio of the lower fuel main flow channel is: 1: 0.5-0.5: 1;

further, the width ratio of the sub-runners to the upper fuel main runner and the lower fuel main runner is 0.2: 1-1: 1, and the depth ratio of the sub-runners to the upper fuel main runner and the lower fuel main runner is 0.2: 1-1: 1.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model provides a fuel cell bipolar plate, compare prior art, the structure of reaction flow field has been optimized, reaction flow field comprises last fuel sprue, lower fuel sprue and a plurality of runner group promptly, the fuel sprue is connected to the import of a plurality of runner groups, the fuel sprue is down connected to the exit linkage of a plurality of runner groups, finally collect to fuel play liquid holding vessel, discharge fuel cell system, like this, the flow field distribution in fuel reaction flow field has been optimized, can make the accuse temperature more even, thereby improve the long-time operating stability of fuel cell; meanwhile, the scheme is easy to process and has a commercial application prospect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the front structure of the bipolar plate of the fuel cell of the present invention;

the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings:

1-a reaction flow field, 11-an upper fuel main runner, 12-a lower fuel main runner, 13-a runner group, 131-a runner, 132-an inlet of the runner group, 133-an outlet of the runner group, 2-a fuel inlet storage tank, 3-a fuel outlet storage tank, 4-a first through hole, 5-a second through hole, 6-a sealing groove and 7-a positioning hole.

Detailed Description

In order to clearly understand the technical content of the present invention, the following embodiments are specifically mentioned, which are only for the purpose of better understanding the content of the present invention and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the present invention. The components in the structures of the drawings of the embodiments are not necessarily to scale, and do not represent actual relative sizes of the structures in the embodiments. The upper side or upper side of the structure or surface includes the case where other layers are interposed.

As shown in fig. 1, a fuel cell bipolar plate comprises a reaction flow field 1, a fuel inlet storage tank 2 and a fuel outlet storage tank 3, wherein the reaction flow field is arranged in the middle of the front surface of the bipolar plate, the fuel inlet storage tank and the fuel outlet storage tank are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the reaction flow field, the reaction flow field comprises an upper fuel main flow passage 11, a lower fuel main flow passage 12 and a plurality of branch flow passage groups 13, the upper fuel main flow passage and the lower fuel main flow passage are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the plurality of branch flow passage groups, the upper fuel main flow passage and the lower fuel main flow passage extend along the length direction of the bipolar plate, the fuel inlet storage tank is communicated with the front end of the upper fuel main flow passage through a first through hole 4, the fuel outlet storage tank is communicated with the rear end of the lower fuel main flow passage through a second through hole 5, the branch flow passage groups are composed of a plurality of branch flow passages 131 which are, the inlets 132 of the plurality of sub-channel groups are communicated with the upper fuel main channel, and the outlets 133 of the plurality of sub-channel groups are communicated with the lower fuel main channel.

In the structure, the reaction flow field is composed of an upper fuel main flow channel, a lower fuel main flow channel and a plurality of sub-flow channel groups, inlets of the sub-flow channel groups are connected with the upper fuel main flow channel, outlets of the sub-flow channel groups are connected with the lower fuel main flow channel, and finally the lower fuel main flow channel is collected to a fuel liquid outlet storage tank and discharged out of a fuel cell system, so that the flow field distribution of the fuel reaction flow field is optimized, the temperature control can be more uniform, and the long-time operation stability of the fuel cell is improved; meanwhile, the scheme is easy to process and has a commercial application prospect.

Preferably, the front surface of the bipolar plate is provided with an annular sealing groove 6, and the sealing groove surrounds the reaction flow field, the fuel liquid inlet storage tank and the fuel liquid outlet storage tank. The seal grooves are used to place solid or liquid seal materials to prevent the reactants from leaking outside the reaction flow field.

Preferably, the distance between the sealing groove and the edge of the bipolar plate, the edge of the upper fuel main runner and the edge of the lower fuel main runner is 0.5-3 mm, the groove width of the sealing groove is 0.1-1.5 mm, and the groove depth of the sealing groove is 0-1.2 mm.

The upper fuel main flow channel is connected with a fuel inlet storage tank, the lower fuel main flow channel is connected with a fuel outlet storage tank, and the lengths of the upper fuel main flow channel and the lower fuel main flow channel are consistent with the design length of the active area of the bipolar plate; the widths of the upper fuel main flow passage and the lower fuel main flow passage are slightly different according to different fuel design flow rates, and preferably, the width ratio of the groove width of the upper fuel main flow passage to the groove width ratio of the lower fuel main flow passage is as follows: 1: 0.5-0.5: 1;

the inlet of the sub-channel group is communicated with the upper fuel main channel, and the outlet of the sub-channel group is communicated with the lower fuel main channel. The number of the sub-runner groups is set according to needs, and referring to fig. 1, as a preferred embodiment, 5 groups are set, each group of sub-runner group is composed of a plurality of sub-runners, the number of the sub-runners is set according to needs, namely the number of S bends is greater than or equal to 1, preferably, the slot width ratio of the sub-runners to the upper fuel main runner and the lower fuel main runner is 0.2: 1-1: 1, and the slot depth ratio of the sub-runners to the upper fuel main runner and the lower fuel main runner is 0.2: 1-1: 1.

When the fuel inlet storage tank works, fuel is input through the fuel inlet storage tank, enters the upper fuel main runner of the reaction flow field after passing through the first through hole, then enters each sub-runner group from the upper fuel main runner, finally converges to the lower fuel main runner after bypassing the flow field of the sub-runner group, and finally enters the fuel outlet storage tank through the second through hole.

The utility model discloses still be formed with locating hole 7 on the fuel cell bipolar plate to when assembling into fuel cell, play adjusting well between each fuel cell bipolar plate and the effect of positioning.

The above embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and those skilled in the art will be able to make various modifications and changes to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell bipolar plate is characterized by comprising a reaction flow field (1), a fuel liquid inlet storage tank (2) and a fuel liquid outlet storage tank (3), wherein the reaction flow field is arranged in the middle of the front face of the bipolar plate, the fuel liquid inlet storage tank and the fuel liquid outlet storage tank are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the reaction flow field, the reaction flow field comprises an upper fuel main flow channel (11), a lower fuel main flow channel (12) and a plurality of branch flow channel groups (13), the upper fuel main flow channel and the lower fuel main flow channel are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the plurality of branch flow channel groups, the upper fuel main flow channel and the lower fuel main flow channel extend along the length direction of the bipolar plate, the fuel liquid inlet storage tank is communicated with the front end of the upper fuel main flow channel through a first through hole (4), the fuel liquid outlet storage tank is communicated with the rear end of the lower fuel main flow channel through a second through hole (, the runner group is arranged by a plurality of end to end and is snakelike runner (131) and constitutes, import (132) of a plurality of runner groups all with go up fuel sprue intercommunication, export (133) of a plurality of runner groups all with fuel sprue intercommunication down.

2. The fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein: the front surface of the bipolar plate is provided with an annular sealing groove (6), and the sealing groove surrounds the reaction flow field, the fuel liquid inlet storage tank and the fuel liquid outlet storage tank.

3. The fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 2, wherein: the seal groove is apart from the edge of bipolar plate, the edge of going up fuel sprue and the edge of fuel sprue down is 0.5 ~ 3mm, the groove width of seal groove is 0.1 ~ 1.5mm, the groove depth of seal groove is 0 ~ 1.2 mm.

4. The fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein: the width of the upper fuel main runner and the width of the lower fuel main runner are as follows: 1: 0.5-0.5: 1.

5. The fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein: the width ratio of the sub-runners to the upper fuel main runner to the lower fuel main runner is 0.2: 1-1: 1, and the depth ratio of the sub-runners to the upper fuel main runner to the lower fuel main runner is 0.2: 1-1: 1.