CN116031460A - Manifold structure for improving distribution uniformity of galvanic pile fluid - Google Patents
Manifold structure for improving distribution uniformity of galvanic pile fluid Download PDFInfo
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- CN116031460A CN116031460A CN202211732887.4A CN202211732887A CN116031460A CN 116031460 A CN116031460 A CN 116031460A CN 202211732887 A CN202211732887 A CN 202211732887A CN 116031460 A CN116031460 A CN 116031460A
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- cooling water
- fuel cell
- anode gas
- cathode gas
- inlet
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The utility model provides a manifold structure for improving the distribution uniformity of a cell stack fluid, which belongs to the technical field of fuel cells and comprises a fuel cell bipolar plate and a membrane electrode, wherein the fuel cell bipolar plate comprises an anode gas port, a cathode gas port and a cooling water port, and the anode gas port, the cathode gas port and the cooling water port are fixedly arranged on two sides of the fuel cell bipolar plate. The fuel cell bipolar plate is fixedly provided with a reaction zone, a first diversion zone and a second diversion zone, wherein the first diversion zone is fixedly arranged on one side of the reaction zone, and the second diversion zone is fixedly arranged on the other side of the reaction zone. According to the utility model, through setting different areas of the inlet and outlet manifolds and controlling the areas, the gas flow velocity in the manifolds is regulated, so that the manifold resistance is changed, the pressure differences of the inlet and outlet of the cell at different positions of the electric pile are enabled to be consistent, the consistency of fluid distribution is improved, and the use effect is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a manifold structure for improving the distribution uniformity of a cell stack fluid.
Background
The fuel cell manifold refers to a fluid channel formed by stacking bipolar plates and MEA (MEA) in a fuel cell stack, and plays a role in uniformly distributing fluid entering from an inlet of the stack to each cell, and collecting the fluid after passing through a reaction zone and discharging the fluid out of the stack. The fuel cell manifold generally includes 6 manifolds, which are a hydrogen inlet manifold, a hydrogen outlet manifold, an air inlet manifold, an air outlet manifold, a cooling water inlet manifold, and a cooling water outlet manifold, respectively. In the current stack design, the inlet and outlet manifold areas are equal. However, because the fluid has resistance in the manifold, the fluid kinetic energy is consumed, so that the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the cells at different positions of the electric pile is different, and the overall flow distribution is uneven.
According to the prior art, the Chinese patent publication No. CN212967774U discloses a fuel cell fluid manifold structure which comprises an input fluid manifold group and an output fluid manifold group. The input fluid manifold group comprises an input adapter plate, an in-shell input fluid manifold arranged inside the fuel cell shell and an out-shell input fluid manifold arranged outside the fuel cell shell; the output fluid manifold set includes an output adapter plate, an in-housing output fluid manifold disposed inside the fuel cell housing, and an out-housing output fluid manifold disposed outside the fuel cell housing. The present utility model has the above-described problem of overall flow maldistribution due to resistance of the fluid in the manifold.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present utility model is to provide a manifold structure that improves the uniformity of the distribution of the galvanic pile fluid.
The manifold structure for improving the distribution uniformity of the galvanic pile fluid comprises a fuel cell bipolar plate and a membrane electrode, wherein the fuel cell bipolar plate comprises an anode gas port, a cathode gas port and a cooling water port, and the anode gas port, the cathode gas port and the cooling water port are fixedly arranged on two sides of the fuel cell bipolar plate;
the fuel cell bipolar plate is fixedly provided with a reaction zone, a first diversion zone and a second diversion zone, wherein the first diversion zone is fixedly arranged on one side of the reaction zone, and the second diversion zone is fixedly arranged on the other side of the reaction zone.
In some embodiments, the anode gas port includes an anode gas inlet and an anode gas outlet, the anode gas inlet is fixedly disposed on one side of the first split area, and the anode gas outlet is fixedly disposed on one side of the second split area.
In some embodiments, the cathode gas port includes a cathode gas inlet and a cathode gas outlet, the cathode gas inlet is fixedly disposed on one side of the first split area, and the cathode gas outlet is fixedly disposed on one side of the second split area.
In some embodiments, the cooling water gap comprises a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet, wherein the cooling water inlet is fixedly arranged on one side of the first diversion area, and the cooling water outlet is fixedly arranged on one side of the second diversion area.
In some embodiments, the area ratio of the anode gas outlet to the anode gas inlet is 1:1 to 1.2:1.
In some embodiments, the area ratio of the cathode gas outlet to the cathode gas inlet is 1.4:1 to 1.8:1.
In some embodiments, the area ratio of the cooling water outlet to the cooling water inlet is 1.5:1 to 1.7:1.
In some embodiments, the ratio of the sum of the anode gas inlet and the anode gas outlet pressure drop to the internal anode gas pressure drop of the fuel cell unit is in the range of 0.1:1 to 0.2:1.
In some embodiments, the ratio of the sum of the cathode gas inlet and the cathode gas outlet pressure drop to the cathode gas pressure drop inside the fuel cell unit is between 0.3:1 and 0.4:1.
In some embodiments, the ratio of the sum of the pressure drops of the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet to the pressure drop of the cooling water inside the fuel cell unit is 0.3:1-0.4:1.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
according to the utility model, through setting different areas of the inlet and outlet manifolds and controlling the areas, the gas flow velocity in the manifolds is regulated, so that the manifold resistance is changed, the pressure differences of the inlet and outlet of the cell at different positions of the electric pile are enabled to be consistent, the consistency of fluid distribution is improved, and the use effect is enhanced.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present utility model will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a bipolar plate structure of a fuel cell in a manifold structure for improving the uniformity of stack fluid distribution in accordance with the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the extreme difference of anode gas distribution on a manifold structure for improving the uniformity of stack fluid distribution in accordance with the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration showing the very poor cathode gas distribution on the manifold structure for improving the uniformity of the stack fluid distribution in accordance with the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the very poor cooling water distribution on a manifold structure for improving the uniformity of stack fluid distribution in accordance with the present utility model.
Reference numerals:
anode gas inlet 1 cathode gas outlet 6
Cooling water inlet 3 diversion area 8
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present utility model, but are not intended to limit the utility model in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present utility model comprises a fuel cell bipolar plate and a membrane electrode, wherein the fuel cell bipolar plate comprises an anode gas port, a cathode gas port and a cooling water port, and the anode gas port, the cathode gas port and the cooling water port are fixedly arranged at two sides of the fuel cell bipolar plate. The fuel cell bipolar plate is fixedly provided with a reaction zone 7, a first diversion zone 8 and a second diversion zone 9, wherein the first diversion zone 8 is fixedly arranged on one side of the reaction zone 7, and the second diversion zone 9 is fixedly arranged on the other side of the reaction zone 7.
The anode gas port comprises an anode gas inlet 1 and an anode gas outlet 2, wherein the anode gas inlet 1 is fixedly arranged on one side of a first shunting area 8, and the anode gas outlet 2 is fixedly arranged on one side of a second shunting area 9. The cathode gas port comprises a cathode gas inlet 5 and a cathode gas outlet 6, wherein the cathode gas inlet 5 is fixedly arranged on one side of the first shunting area 8, and the cathode gas outlet 6 is fixedly arranged on one side of the second shunting area 9. The cooling water gap comprises a cooling water inlet 3 and a cooling water outlet 4, wherein the cooling water inlet 3 is fixedly arranged on one side of the first diversion area 8, and the cooling water outlet 4 is fixedly arranged on one side of the second diversion area 9. The area ratio of the anode gas outlet 2 to the anode gas inlet 1 is 1:1-1.2:1. The area ratio of the cathode gas outlet 6 to the cathode gas inlet 5 is 1.4:1 to 1.8:1. The area ratio of the cooling water outlet 4 to the cooling water inlet 3 is 1.5:1-1.7:1. The ratio of the sum of the pressure drops of the anode gas inlet 1 and the anode gas outlet 2 to the pressure drop of the anode gas inside the fuel cell unit is 0.1:1-0.2:1. The ratio of the sum of the pressure drops of the cathode gas inlet 5 and the cathode gas outlet 6 to the pressure drop of the cathode gas inside the fuel cell unit is 0.3:1-0.4:1. The ratio of the sum of the pressure drops of the cooling water inlet 3 and the cooling water outlet 4 to the pressure drop of the cooling water inside the fuel cell unit is 0.3:1-0.4:1.
Example 1
A fuel cell manifold structure has an area ratio of an anode gas outlet 2 to an anode gas inlet 1 of 1.1:1, an area ratio of a cathode gas outlet 6 to a cathode gas inlet 5 of 1.6:1, and an area ratio of a cooling water outlet 4 to a cooling water inlet 3 of 1.6:1. The ratio of the sum of the pressure drops of the anode gas inlet 1 and the anode gas outlet 2 to the pressure drop of the anode gas inside the fuel cell unit is 0.15:1; the ratio of the sum of the pressure drops of the cathode gas inlet 5 and the cathode gas outlet 6 to the pressure drop of the cathode gas inside the fuel cell unit is 0.35:1; the ratio of the sum of the pressure drops of the cooling water inlet 3 and the cooling water outlet 4 to the pressure drop of the anode gas inside the fuel cell unit is 0.33:1.
Comparative example 1
A fuel cell manifold structure differs from that of example 1 only in that the area ratio of the anode gas outlet to the anode gas inlet is 1:1, the area ratio of the cathode gas outlet to the cathode gas inlet is 2:1, and the area ratio of the cooling water outlet to the cooling water inlet is 1.3:1.
Comparative example 2
A fuel cell manifold structure differs from that of example 1 only in that the area ratio of the anode gas outlet to the anode gas inlet is 1.3:1, the area ratio of the cathode gas outlet to the cathode gas inlet is 1.2:1, and the area ratio of the cooling water outlet to the cooling water inlet is 1.9:1.
Comparative example 3
A fuel cell manifold structure differing from example 1 only in that the ratio of the sum of anode gas inlet and anode gas outlet pressure drops to the anode gas pressure drop inside the fuel cell unit is 0.05:1; the ratio of the sum of the pressure drops of the cathode gas inlet and the cathode gas outlet to the pressure drop of the cathode gas inside the fuel cell unit is 0.2:1; the ratio of the sum of the pressure drops of the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet to the pressure drop of the anode gas inside the fuel cell unit is 0.18:1.
Comparative example 4
A fuel cell manifold structure differing from embodiment 1 only in that the ratio of the sum of anode gas inlet and anode gas outlet pressure drops to the anode gas pressure drop inside the fuel cell unit is 0.4:1; the ratio of the sum of the cathode gas inlet and the cathode gas outlet pressure drops to the cathode gas pressure drop in the fuel cell unit is 0.55:1; the ratio of the sum of the pressure drops of the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet to the pressure drop of the anode gas inside the fuel cell unit is 0.5:1.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the anode gas distribution, cathode gas distribution and cooling water distribution of example 1 and comparative examples 1, 2, 3 and 4 are very poor comparisons, respectively. As can be seen from the figure, example 1 significantly reduced the anode gas, cathode gas, and cooling water distribution, and improved the uniformity of the fluid distribution inside the stack.
Principle of operation
The middle area of the flow field is a reaction area 7, and when the reaction gas flows into the reaction area 7, the reaction gas enters the membrane electrode to generate chemical reaction in a mass transfer mode such as convection and diffusion. And a first diversion area 8 and a second diversion area 9 are respectively arranged between the reaction area 7 and the manifold ports on the two sides, and the first diversion area 8 and the second diversion area 9 uniformly distribute the gas or cooling water entering from the manifold ports to each flow passage and ensure equal pressure drop among different flow passages. By stacking a plurality of bipolar plates with the membrane electrode, the anode gas inlet 1, the anode gas outlet 2, the cooling water inlet 3, the cooling water outlet 4, the cathode gas inlet 5 and the cathode gas outlet 6 form a manifold, respectively, responsible for distributing the fluid coming in from the stack inlet to the individual cells. The flow velocity of gas in the manifold is regulated by controlling the size of the area, so that the resistance of the manifold is changed, and finally, the pressure differences of the inlet and the outlet of the cells at different positions of the electric pile tend to be consistent, and the consistency of fluid distribution is improved.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present utility model. It is to be understood that the utility model is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without affecting the spirit of the utility model. The embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. The manifold structure for improving the distribution uniformity of the galvanic pile fluid is characterized by comprising a fuel cell bipolar plate and a membrane electrode, wherein the fuel cell bipolar plate comprises an anode gas port, a cathode gas port and a cooling water port, and the anode gas port, the cathode gas port and the cooling water port are fixedly arranged on two sides of the fuel cell bipolar plate;
the fuel cell bipolar plate is fixedly provided with a reaction zone (7), a first diversion zone (8) and a second diversion zone (9), wherein the first diversion zone (8) is fixedly arranged on one side of the reaction zone (7), and the second diversion zone (9) is fixedly arranged on the other side of the reaction zone (7).
2. The manifold structure for improving the uniformity of the distribution of the fluid of the electric pile according to claim 1, wherein the anode gas port comprises an anode gas inlet (1) and an anode gas outlet (2), the anode gas inlet (1) is fixedly arranged at one side of the first split area (8), and the anode gas outlet (2) is fixedly arranged at one side of the second split area (9).
3. The manifold structure for improving the uniformity of the distribution of the fluid of the electric pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the cathode gas port comprises a cathode gas inlet (5) and a cathode gas outlet (6), the cathode gas inlet (5) is fixedly arranged at one side of the first split area (8), and the cathode gas outlet (6) is fixedly arranged at one side of the second split area (9).
4. The manifold structure for improving the uniformity of the distribution of the fluid of the electric pile according to claim 1, wherein the cooling water gap comprises a cooling water inlet (3) and a cooling water outlet (4), the cooling water inlet (3) is fixedly arranged at one side of the first diversion area (8), and the cooling water outlet (4) is fixedly arranged at one side of the second diversion area (9).
5. Manifold structure for improving the uniformity of the distribution of the fluids of a galvanic pile according to claim 2, characterized in that the area ratio of the anode gas outlet (2) to the anode gas inlet (1) is 1:1-1.2:1.
6. A manifold structure for improving uniformity of distribution of a stack fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that the area ratio of said cathode gas outlet (6) to said cathode gas inlet (5) is 1.4:1-1.8:1.
7. The manifold structure for improving uniformity of pile fluid distribution according to claim 4, characterized in that the area ratio of said cooling water outlet (4) to said cooling water inlet (3) is 1.5:1-1.7:1.
8. The manifold structure for improving uniformity of stack fluid distribution according to claim 5, wherein the ratio of the sum of the pressure drops of said anode gas inlet (1) and said anode gas outlet (2) to the pressure drop of the anode gas inside the fuel cell unit is 0.1:1 to 0.2:1.
9. The manifold structure for improving uniformity of stack fluid distribution according to claim 6, characterized in that the ratio of the sum of the cathode gas inlet (5) and the cathode gas outlet (6) pressure drops to the cathode gas pressure drop inside the fuel cell unit is 0.3:1-0.4:1.
10. The manifold structure for improving uniformity of distribution of a fuel cell stack fluid according to claim 7, wherein a ratio of a sum of pressure drops of said cooling water inlet (3) and said cooling water outlet (4) to a pressure drop of cooling water inside the fuel cell unit is 0.3:1 to 0.4:1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211732887.4A CN116031460A (en) | 2022-12-30 | 2022-12-30 | Manifold structure for improving distribution uniformity of galvanic pile fluid |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211732887.4A CN116031460A (en) | 2022-12-30 | 2022-12-30 | Manifold structure for improving distribution uniformity of galvanic pile fluid |
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| CN116031460A true CN116031460A (en) | 2023-04-28 |
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| CN202211732887.4A Pending CN116031460A (en) | 2022-12-30 | 2022-12-30 | Manifold structure for improving distribution uniformity of galvanic pile fluid |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116960428A (en) * | 2023-09-21 | 2023-10-27 | 爱德曼氢能源装备有限公司 | Manifold device of fuel cell stack |
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2022
- 2022-12-30 CN CN202211732887.4A patent/CN116031460A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116960428A (en) * | 2023-09-21 | 2023-10-27 | 爱德曼氢能源装备有限公司 | Manifold device of fuel cell stack |
| CN116960428B (en) * | 2023-09-21 | 2023-12-12 | 爱德曼氢能源装备有限公司 | Manifold device of fuel cell stack |
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