CN114716529B - Septin4突变基因及其制药用途 - Google Patents
Septin4突变基因及其制药用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了Septin4突变基因及其制药用途。本发明提供了一种Septin4突变体或其活性片段,与野生型Septin4相比,所述Septin4突变体或其活性片段包含K174R的突变。本发明还提供了一种药物组合物,所述药物组合物包含所述的Septin4突变体或其活性片段。本发明还提供了所述的Septin4突变体或其活性片段或所述的药物组合物在制备用于预防或治疗高血压性肾损伤的药物中的用途。申请人首次将乙酰化蛋白的翻译后修饰与高血压性肾损伤相结合,为设计高血压肾脏治疗方案和靶向药物提供了新的思路和研究方向。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及预防或治疗高血压性肾损伤的药物领域。具体地,本申请涉及一种Septin4突变体或其活性片段,本申请还涉及包含Septin4突变体或其活性片段的药物组合物,以及Septin4突变体或其活性片段用于预防或治疗高血压性肾损伤的用途。
背景技术
高血压是最常见的心血管疾病之一,并且是全世界范围内的重要公共卫生问题。动脉的结构和功能变化会在衰老过程中发生,可能是由高血压引起的,并导致心血管事件以及终末期肾脏疾病。高血压是肾病患者肾小球滤过率(GFR)快速下降和慢性肾脏病(CKD)发生的主要危险因素。未经治疗的高血压可通过引起肾小球硬化和肾小动脉硬化损害肾脏。
目前,高血压肾病的主要药物包括RAAS抑制剂,血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)抑制剂和血管紧张素II受体阻滞剂(ARBs),它们主要影响血压(BP)的控制。但是,严格的BP控制不会延迟终末期肾脏疾病(ESRD)的发作和肾脏功能的显著恶化。因此,有必要进一步研究高血压肾病的分子机制,以开发新型靶向药物和临床治疗方法。
Septin4属于Septins GTP结合蛋白家族,与细胞分裂,凋亡,囊泡运输和其他细胞过程有关。Septin4_vi2作为促凋亡蛋白,参与各种凋亡过程。Fas、依托泊苷、星形孢菌素和阿拉伯糖苷可通过结合Septin4/XIAP(X连锁凋亡蛋白抑制剂)而具有诱导凋亡的能力。这些刺激可以增加Septin4的表达水平,从而促进细胞凋亡。Septin4可以通过诱导细胞凋亡来参与各种疾病,例如调节对肠道的稳态和再生至关重要的干细胞存活。因此,Septin4目前被认为是器官损伤的重要标志蛋白。
然而,Septin4是否在高血压肾损伤中起作用尚不清楚。现有技术中并没有涉及Septin4与高血压肾损伤的相关性的研究。
发明内容
本申请的技术方案是基于以下研究的基础上提出的:
本申请人发现,SIRT2的新底物为凋亡相关因子Septin4。申请人首先证实,CREB结合蛋白(CBP)/SIRT2各自的乙酰转移酶/脱乙酰化酶活性调节Septin4-Lys174的乙酰化作用。Septin4 K174的脱乙酰基可以挽救Septin4敲减细胞中的肾足细胞损伤。这些发现表明,新型的SIRT2调节的脱乙酰途径介导了Septin4在高血压肾脏损害的发生和发展中的功能。此外,申请人还发现,通过SIRT2使Septin4 K174脱乙酰化在高血压肾损伤中起重要作用。本申请的发现为高血压肾病疾病的治疗和预防提供了新的研究方向。
因此,本申请的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:
本发明的第一方面提供了一种Septin4突变体或其活性片段,与野生型Septin4相比,所述Septin4突变体或其活性片段包含K174R的突变。
其中,所述Septin4突变体的序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示:
SEQ ID NO:1
MDRSLGWQGNSVPEDRTEAGIKRFLEDTTDDGELSKFVKDFSGNASCHPPEAKTWASRPQVPEPRPQAPDLYDDDLEFRPPSRPQSSDNQQYFCAPAPLSPSARPRSPWGKLDPYDSSEDDKEYVGFATLPNQVHRKSVKKGFDFTLMVAGESGLGKSTLVNSLFLTDLYRDRRLLGAEERIMQTVEITKHAVDIEEKGVRLRLTIVDTPGFGDAVNNTECWKPVAEYIDQQFEQYFRDESGLNRKNIQDNRVHCCLYFISPFGHGLRPLDVEFMKALHQRVNIVPILAKADTLTPPEVDHKKRKIREEIEHFGIKIYQFPDCDSDEDEDFKLQDQALKESIPFAVIGSNTVVEARGRRVRGRLYPWGIVEVENPGHCDFVKLRTMLVRTHMQDLKDVTRETHYENYRAQCIQSMTRLVVKERNRNKLTRESGTDFPIPAVPPGTDPETEKLIREKDEELRRMQEMLHKIQKQMKENY
本发明的第二方面提供了一种分离的核酸分子,所述核酸分子编码所述Septin4突变体或其活性片段。
本发明的第三方面提供了一种载体,所述载体包含所述的分离的核酸分子。
本发明的第四方面提供了一种宿主细胞,其中所述宿主细胞包含所述的载体。
本发明的第五方面提供了一种药物组合物,所述药物组合物包含所述的Septin4突变体或其活性片段。
根据本发明所述的药物组合物,所述药物组合物还包含药学上可接受的稀释剂、赋形剂和/或载体。
本发明的第六方面提供了Septin4突变体或其活性片段或药物组合物在制备用于预防或治疗高血压性肾损伤的药物中的应用。
根据本发明所述的用途,其中,所述高血压性肾损伤为血管紧张素II诱导的高血压性肾损伤。与现有技术相比,本申请具有以下有益效果:申请人首次将乙酰化蛋白的翻译后修饰与高血压肾脏损伤相结合,为设计高血压肾脏治疗方案和靶向药物提供了新的思路和研究方向。
附图说明
以下,结合附图来详细说明本申请的实施方案,其中:
图1示出为SIRT2参与了血管紧张素II(AngII)诱导的肾足细胞损伤;
其中,(A)在第14天,注入盐水或Ang II的小鼠心脏中Sirtuin蛋白表达谱的簇。(B,D)在用不同的AngII浓度刺激48天后,测量了在小鼠的肾脏足细胞中SIRT2的表达水平。(C,E)定量数据为平均值±SD,*P<0.05,**P<0.01;***P<0.001。(F)通过质谱鉴定SIRT2的相互作用蛋白。(G)用抗SIRT2抗体免疫沉淀细胞裂解物,然后用Septin4抗体免疫印迹。(H)转染带有标志的Septin4质粒,并用抗Flag抗体对总裂解物进行免疫沉淀(IP)处理,并用SIRT2抗体进行检测。(I)执行PLA遍历以确定SIRT2和Septin4之间的相互作用。箭头处表示存在相互作用。
图2示出为SIRT2结合Septin4的GTPase结构域,而Septin4则是通过赖氨酸174依赖SIRT2的脱乙酰基作用的靶标
其中,(A)转染全长Flag-tagged-Septin4或四个截短的Flag-Septin4质粒。用抗-Flag抗体对总裂解物进行IP,并用SIRT2抗体进行蛋白质印迹。(B)Septin4包含三个功能域,包括N端,C端和GTPase域。(C)用乙酰化抗体免疫沉淀TSA(0.5μM,16h)和NAM(5mM,4h)处理细胞并用Septin4抗体检测。(D)内源性Septin4与内源性CBP相互作用。E分别将标记标记的CBP、P300、p300/CBP相关因子(PCAF)或Myc标记的GCN5过表达,并用抗乙酰化的赖氨酸抗体(Ac-K)免疫沉淀Septin4乙酰化并用Septin4抗体检测。(F)标记有标志的SIRT2 WT(野生型)或H187YQ167A(Mut,突变型)过表达。用抗乙酰化的赖氨酸抗体(Ac-K)免疫沉淀Septin4乙酰化,并用Septin4抗体检测。(G)用或不用AGK2(20μM,24小时)处理的正常对照和shSIRT2细胞用乙酰化抗体免疫沉淀并用Septin4抗体检测。(H)标记了标签的CBP与标记了标签的Septin4 WT或K174R(Mut)共转染。使用抗乙酰化的赖氨酸抗体(Ac-K)通过IP检测Septin4的乙酰化。(I)Myc标签的SIRT2与Flag标签的Septin4 WT或K174R(Mut)共转染。用抗乙酰化的赖氨酸抗体(Ac-K)检测Septin4的乙酰化。
图3示出为SIRT2通过脱乙酰基修饰Septin4减轻了AngII诱导的肾足细胞损伤。
其中,(A)用或不用AngII转染Myc标签的SIRT2质粒。用抗Myc抗体对总裂解物进行IP,并用Septin4抗体检测。(B)将Myc标记的SIRT2质粒转染到具有或不具有AngII的肾足细胞-shSIRT2细胞中。将总裂解物用乙酰化抗体进行IP处理,并用Septin4抗体进行检测。(C)将标记了标签的SIRT2质粒转染到肾足细胞-shSIRT2细胞中。将细胞在有或没有10-5mol/LAngII的情况下处理48小时。Cleaved-PARP1用western bolt评估。(D)定量数据平均值±SD,*P<0.05,**P<0.01。(E)通过CCK8测定法测量肾足细胞的生存力。数据表示为平均值±SD,*P<0.05,**P<0.01。(G)用抗phalloidin-FITC抗体对肾足细胞进行染色。细胞核用DAPI染色。比例尺,50μm。(F)数据表示为平均值±SD,**P<0.01;***P<0.001。
图4示出为参与AngII诱导的肾足细胞损伤的Septin4依赖于Septin4-K174,其受SIRT2调控。
(A)将带有标志标签的Septin4 WT或K174R质粒转染到肾足细胞-shSeptin4细胞中。肾足细胞用NaCl或10-5mol/L AngII处理48小时。Cleaved-PARP1和Caspase3通过western bolt评估。(B)定量数据,平均值±SD,***P<0.001。(C)用抗鬼笔环肽-FITC抗体对肾足细胞进行染色。细胞核用DAPI染色。比例尺,50μm。(E)数据表示平均值±SD,*P<0.05。(D)通过CCK8测定法测量肾足细胞的生存力。数据表示为平均值±SD,*P<0.05,**P<0.01。
图5示出为敲减SIRT2的小鼠显示出Septin4的乙酰化水平高,并且明显加重了AngII引起的高血压性肾损伤。
(A)为AngII(1.5mg/kg/min)输注14天后,从SIRT2-WT和SIRT2-/-小鼠肾脏组织中获得总蛋白。(A,D)进行蛋白质印迹以评估SIRT2、Cleaved-PARP1和Cleaved-Caspase3表达水平。(E-F)Western印迹数据的定量显示为平均值±SD(***###P<0.001,每组小鼠,n=7)。(B)用Septin4抗体对肾组织的总裂解物进行IP,并用SIRT2抗体进行蛋白质印迹。(C)用乙酰化抗体对肾组织的总裂解物进行IP,并用Septin4抗体进行蛋白质印迹。(G)进行HE染色以评估肾小球水肿程度。箭头,肾小管水肿。比例尺,20μm。(I)数据表示为平均值±SD,(***P<0.001,每组小鼠,n=7)。(H)进行AZAN染色以评估肾小球中细胞外基质分泌的含量。箭头,肾小球的细胞外基质(蓝色)。比例尺,20μm。(J)数据表示为平均值±SD,(***###P<0.001,每组小鼠,n=7)。(K)进行PAS染色以评估肾小球硬化症、箭头、肾小球节段性硬化症。比例尺,20μm。(M)数据表示为平均值±SD,(***###P<0.001,每组小鼠,n=7)。(L)进行肿块染色以评估肾小球纤维化程度。箭头,肾小球纤维化。比例尺,20μm。(N)数据表示为平均值±SD,(***###P<0.001,每组小鼠,n=7)。
图6示出为SIRT2转基因(超级)小鼠显示出Septin4的乙酰化水平低,并显著缓解了AngII引起的高血压性肾损伤。
(A,C)AngII(1.5mg/kg/min)输注14天后,从WT和SIRT2转基因小鼠肾脏组织获得总蛋白。进行了Western-blot评估Flag标签的SIRT2,Cleaved-PARP1和Cleaved-Caspase3表达水平。(D)Western印迹数据的定量显示为平均值±SD(***###P<0.001,每组小鼠,n=7)。(B)用乙酰化抗体对肾组织的总裂解物进行IP,并用Septin4抗体进行蛋白质印迹。(E)进行HE染色以评估肾小球水肿程度。箭头,肾小管水肿。比例尺,20μm。(G)数据表示为平均值±SD,(***P<0.001,每组小鼠,n=7)。(F)进行AZAN染色以评估肾小球中细胞外基质分泌的含量。箭头,肾小球的细胞外基质(蓝色)。比例尺,20μm。(H)数据表示为平均值±SD,(***###P<0.001,每组小鼠,n=7)。(I)进行PAS染色以评估肾小球硬化箭头,肾小球节段性硬化(淡紫色)。比例尺,20μm。(K)数据表示为平均值±SD,(***###P<0.001,每组小鼠,n=7)。(J)进行肿块染色以评估肾小球纤维化程度。箭头,肾小球纤维化(蓝色)。比例尺,20μm。(L)数据表示为平均值±SD,(***###P<0.001,每组小鼠,n=7)。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例进一步说明本申请,应当理解,实施例仅用于进一步说明和阐释本申请,并非用于限制本申请。
Flag-P300,Flag-CBP和Myc-GCN5质粒获得自上海复旦大学;
Flag-PCAF质粒获得自深圳大学;
外显子5-8缺失的SIRT2野生型和SIRT2基因敲减(SIRT2-/-)小鼠获得自上海生物模型生物科学与技术发展公司;
SIRT2野生型和Flag-SIRT2转基因(超级)小鼠购自上海生物模型生物科学与技术发展公司;
实施例1 Septin4-K174R减少AngII诱导的血管内皮细胞损伤,凋亡以及ROS累积。
一、材料和方法
1.1SIRT2基因敲减和转基因小鼠
外显子5-8缺失的SIRT2野生型和SIRT2基因敲减(SIRT2-/-)小鼠获得自邓初夏教授(澳门大学)馈赠。上海生物模型生物科学与技术发展公司建立了SIRT2野生型和Flag-SIRT2转基因(超级)小鼠。
所有动物均在无病原体的条件下饲养。所有实验均使用8-10周大的雄性小鼠进行。在NaCl和AngII输注模型(A9525,sigma,美国)中,SIRT2野生型和SIRT2基因敲减(SIRT2-/-)小鼠(每组,N=7),以及SIRT2野生型和SIRT2转基因(超级)小鼠(每组,N=7)根据制造商的说明(AlZET渗透泵,DURECT Corporation,Cupertino,CA)植入渗透微型泵。在肩中部切开一个切口,并植入一个渗透性微型泵。通过微型泵向小鼠注入NaCl或AngII(1.5mg/kg/天),持续14天(Alzet,2002年模型)。每天通过尾袖法测量血压。SIRT2基因敲减和SIRT2转基因效率是通过研究终点的蛋白质印迹法测量的。
所有动物处理均符合中国医科大学动物福利规定。中国医科大学动物学科委员会批准了动物研究方案。
1.2免疫组织化学(IHC)分析
将小鼠肾脏组织浸入4%(V/V)多聚甲醛中4h,然后转移至70%(V/V)乙醇中。将各个组织放入处理盒中,通过连续的酒精梯度进行脱水,然后包埋在石蜡块中。切下厚度为5μm的肾组织切片,用二甲苯脱蜡,并通过浸入浓度降低的乙醇中重新水化,然后在PBS中洗涤。然后根据苏木精和曙红(HE),Azan Trichrome试剂盒(AZT-K-250,美国Biognost,美国),PAS(G1285,Solarbio,中国)或Massion’s Trichrome染色试剂盒(G1340,Solarbio,中国)根据操作手册对切片进行染色。染色后,将切片在浓度越来越高的乙醇和二甲苯中脱水。
1.3细胞培养
人足细胞购自Bena Culture Collection(中国北京),并在无血清的McCoy's 5A培养基(改良)中与L-谷氨酰胺(Biological Industries)一起培养。HEK293T细胞购自中国科学院上海细胞研究所,并在高葡萄糖Dulbecco改良的Eagle培养基(以色列生物产业,01-052-1)中进行培养。将细胞与10%胎牛血清(FBS)(CLARK,澳大利亚),青霉素(100U)和链霉素(100μg/ml)在5%CO2的湿润气氛中于37℃培养。
1.4抗体和试剂
本申请中使用的抗体包括多克隆兔抗SIRT2(S8447,Sigma),多克隆山羊抗Septin4(ab166788,abcam),单克隆小鼠抗Flag(GNI4110-FG,GNI,Japan),单克隆小鼠抗Myc(免疫沉淀:2276S,细胞信号传导;免疫印迹:GNI4110-MC,GNI,日本),单克隆小鼠抗GAPDH(10494-1-AP,Proteintech),多克隆兔抗CBP(7389S,细胞信号传导),抗乙酰化-赖氨酸(9441S,细胞信号转导),多克隆兔抗切割的PARP(5625S,细胞信号转导),多克隆兔抗切割的Caspase3(19677-1-AP,Proteintech)。
AngII(A9525)购自Sigma、AGK2(B7323)购自Apexbio、烟酰胺(NAM,S1899)和曲古他汀A(TSA,S1045)购自Selleck。PI(碘化丙啶,ST511)来自Beyotime。细胞计数试剂盒8(CCK8,B34304,Bimake,USA)来自Selleck。Phalloidin-FITC(AAT-23102)来自Bioquest。
1.5质粒构建和转染
将人类全长Septin4(Gene ID:5414)和携带K174R突变的Septin4(GeneChem,中国)克隆到3Flag GV141载体中,构建了四个截短的Septin4质粒,它们包含不同的域:具有标志标签的Septin4 N末端结构域;具有标志标签的Septin4 C末端结构域;具有标志标签的Septin4 C末端和催化GTP酶结构域。将全长人SIRT2(Gene ID:22933)克隆到pCMV-Myc-N(日本TAKARA)和pcDNA3.1-flag/HA。使用快速更换定点诱变试剂盒(Stratagene,CA,美国)产生SIRT2 H187Y,Q167A突变质粒。Flag-P300,Flag-CBP和Myc-GCN5获得自Qunying Lei(中国上海医科大学)。Flag-PCAF获得自Weiguo Zhu(深圳大学,中国深圳)。根据制造商的说明,使用Lipofectamine 3000(Invitrogen,California,USA)进行质粒转染。转染后36-48小时收集细胞。
1.6质粒构建,抗体和试剂
SIRT2和Septin4 shRNA慢病毒购自GeneChem。进行稳定基因敲减细胞系的构建。简而言之,根据制造商的说明从HEK293T细胞中收集慢病毒。将慢病毒颗粒与5×PEG-itTMSolution(System Biosciences,美国)混合。用慢病毒感染6孔培养板中的新鲜铺板细胞。用嘌呤霉素(10μg/ml)选择稳定的细胞系7天。最后,通过蛋白质印迹证实了靶细胞的感染效率。
SEQ ID NO:2shSirt2靶序列22296:TGCTCATCAACAAGGAGAA
SEQ ID NO:3shSirt2靶序列22297:TAAGCTGGATGAAAAAAGAGAA
SEQ ID NO:4shSirt2靶序列22298:CAACCATCTGTCACTACTT
SEQ ID NO:5shSeptin4靶序列72648:ccTAAAGGAAAGCATCCCATT
SEQ ID NO:6shSeptin4靶序列72649:ccTAAAGGAAAGCATCCCATT
SEQ ID NO:7shSeptin4靶序列72650:ccTAAAGGAAAGCATCCCATT
1.7免疫沉淀和免疫印迹
为了进行乙酰化免疫沉淀,将细胞用磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)洗涤3次,并用标志裂解缓冲液(137mM NaCl,10mM NaF,50mM Tris-HCl(pH 7.6),1mM EDTA,0.1mM Na3VO4、10%甘油,1%Nonidet P-40(NP-40)和1mM PMSF(蛋白酶抑制剂))裂解。另外,将5μMTSA和20mMNAM添加到细胞裂解缓冲液中。将细胞裂解物与抗Flag Affinity Gel(B23102,biotool,USA)在4℃孵育12小时,或与适当的抗体在4℃孵育3小时,然后与Protein A/G免疫沉淀磁珠(B23202)孵育,biotool)在4℃下放置12小时。然后将蛋白质-抗体复合物用冷标记裂解缓冲液在4℃洗涤3次,并用SDS上样洗脱。
1.8乙酰化测定
用TSA(5μM,16h)和NAM(5mM,4h)处理细胞,然后收获并裂解以进行免疫沉淀和蛋白质印迹分析。此外,为了进一步研究SIRT2诱导的Septin4脱乙酰化,将细胞与SIRT2特异性抑制剂AGK2(10μM)孵育24小时。
1.9细胞增殖分析
将细胞以3×103个细胞/孔的密度一式三份地接种在96孔板中。在37℃下将BasicMcCoy的5A培养基(90μl)和CCK8染色溶液(10μl)添加到细胞中2小时。使用吸光度读数器(瑞士TECAN)测量450nm处的吸光度。
1.10 FITC-phalloidin测定法
用质粒瞬时转染细胞24小时。第二天,将细胞以3×104细胞/孔的密度接种到24孔板中。24小时后,通过适当浓度的AngII诱导细胞48小时。然后除去培养基,并根据Bioquest的指示用37℃预热的PBS洗涤细胞两次,并使用phalloidin-FITC(AAT-23102)测定。使用荧光显微镜(Olympus)使细胞成像。
1.11 PLA分析
按照Insitu–Fluorescence手册(DUO9210-1-1KT,sigma-Aldrich)进行PLA分析。载玻片上的细胞用4%PFA固定15分钟。随后,用Triton X-100将载玻片透化15分钟。将封闭溶液添加到每个载玻片中,并将载玻片在预热的湿度室中于37℃孵育30分钟。将带有稀释的一抗的载玻片在4℃孵育过夜。从载玻片上抽出一级抗体溶液,并在1x WashBuffer A中洗涤。加入PLA探针溶液,并在预热的湿度箱中于37℃孵育1小时。从载玻片上取下PLA探针溶液,并用1x洗涤缓冲液A洗涤。加入具有连接酶的连接溶液,并在预热的湿度箱中于37℃孵育30分钟。从载玻片上敲出连接溶液,并在1x洗涤缓冲液A中洗涤。将扩增-聚合酶溶液添加至每个样品中,并在预热的湿度室中于37℃温育100分钟。最终,从载玻片上敲出扩增-聚合酶溶液,并在1x洗涤缓冲液B中洗涤,随后在0.01x洗涤缓冲液B中洗涤。带有DAPI的Duolink Insitu Mounting Medium用盖玻片固定在载玻片上。使用荧光显微镜(Olympus)使细胞成像。
1.12统计分析
数据表示为平均值±标准偏差(SD)。方差的同质性通过F检验(组对)进行评估。进行了Shapiro-Wilk测试以评估数据的正常性。使用两尾学生t检验对连续变量(表示为平均值±SD)评估组之间的差异。进行了一种单因素方差分析,两种方法的方差分析和指示性非参数检验以比较多个组之间的差异。如果适用,可以对P值进行多次比较调整。所有统计分析均使用SPSS 22.0版软件(SPSS Inc,美国芝加哥伊利诺伊州),P<0.05表示具有统计学意义。
二、结果与分析
2.1 SIRT2通过与损伤相关蛋白-Septin4相互作用而参与AngII诱导的肾足细胞
损伤。
为了确定受损肾脏中Sirtuins亚基表达谱,申请人通过Ang II输注减轻了野生型(WT)小鼠的高血压肾损伤,并验证了通过iTRAQ/TMT/label free分析获得的Sirtuins亚基表达水平,在上海应用蛋白技术有限公司进行的LC-PRMMS分析进一步定量了Sirtuins亚基蛋白的表达水平。申请人发现,在7种Sirtuins亚基蛋白中,Ang II输注14天后,SIRT2在受伤的肾脏中上调最高(图1A)。结果表明SIRT2在高血压肾损伤中起重要作用。
为了进一步证实SIRT2在高血压性肾损伤中的作用,使用不同浓度的AngII体外诱导人足细胞的肾足细胞损伤(图1B)。申请人发现,SIRT2的表达在此浓度梯度中逐渐增加(图1B,D)。与以前的结果一致,SIRT2在Ang II诱导的小鼠中也高度表达(图1C,E)。
为了进一步探讨SIRT2在高血压肾损伤中的机制,申请人使用质谱法(图1F)鉴定了潜在的蛋白质相互作用分子。除了已知的依赖SIRT2的脱乙酰基作用的靶蛋白外,申请人还将重点放在与细胞凋亡相关的Septin4蛋白上。首先,申请人通过共免疫沉淀(Co-IP)研究了内源性SIRT2和Septin4之间的蛋白质相互作用(图1G)。此外,SIRT2-Septin4相互作用还通过外源过度表达带有Flag标签的Septin4(图1H)来证明。接下来,将Flag-tagged-Septin4转染到足细胞中,并通过PLA分析确认Flag-tagged-Septin4和SIRT2之间的相互作用(图1I)。
因此,以上结果证实Septin4是SIRT2的新的相互作用蛋白,SIRT2可能通过与Septin4相互作用而参与AngII诱导的肾足细胞损伤。
2.2SIRT2与Septin4的GTPase结构域结合,而Septin4的GTPase结构域则是通过赖
氨酸174作为SIRT2依赖的脱乙酰基作用的靶标。
根据UniProt数据库,Septin4包含三个功能域,包括N端,C端和GTPase域(图2B)。使用内源性SIRT2和全长Flag-tagged-Septin4或各种截短的Flag-Septin4质粒,申请人证明了SIRT2与Septin4的GTPase结构域结合(图2A)。这些数据表明SIRT2与Septin4的GTPase结构域相互作用,而AngII增强了结合。接下来,申请人验证SIRT2是否可以调节Septin4的乙酰化活性。用曲古抑菌素A(TSA)和烟酰胺(NAM)治疗后,Septin4的乙酰化水平增加,这两种常用的脱乙酰基酶抑制剂可抑制组蛋白脱乙酰基酶HDAC I和III和Sirtuins家族的脱乙酰基酶(图2C)。接下来,为了鉴定Septin4的乙酰基转移酶,分别转染了四个乙酰基转移酶,包括p300(E1A结合蛋白,300kDa),CBP,PCAF(p300/CBP相关因子)或GCN5(KAT2A)。申请人发现CBP的过表达,而不是其他乙酰转移酶的过表达,显著增强了Septin4的乙酰化水平(图2E)。此外,内源性CBP与Septin4结合(图2D)。因此,CBP被证明是Septin4的乙酰基转移酶。接下来,为确认SIRT2可以使Septin4脱乙酰,申请人使用三个shRNA片段构建了稳定的SIRT2敲减细胞系。申请人发现22297片段产生了最佳的敲减效率(未示出),因此,申请人使用有或没有20μmol/L AGK2(通常使用的SIRT2特异性抑制剂)的正常对照和shSIRT2细胞。与先前的结果一致,与正常对照细胞相比,shSIRT2细胞或用AGK2处理的细胞中Septin4的乙酰化水平更高(图2G)。接下来,野生型(WT)SIRT2的过表达减少了内源性Septin4乙酰化,而SIRT2的催化失活突变体(H187YQ167A)的转染则没有效果(图2F)。为了研究Septin4上被SIRT2脱乙酰化的特定位点,申请人随后使用定点诱变将赖氨酸(K)174乙酰化位点突变为精氨酸(R,不可乙酰化突变体)。转染野生型(WT)-Septin4或K174R突变质粒,同时与Flag对照或Flag-CBP质粒一起转染。有或没有CBP时,K174的精氨酸取代会导致Septin4乙酰化消失,而CBP会增加WT-Septin4的脱乙酰基水平(图2H)。同样,与WT-Septin4相比,K174的精氨酸取代会导致Septin4乙酰化在有或没有SIRT2过表达的情况下消失(图2I)。这些发现表明,CBP是Septin4 K174的乙酰基转移酶,Septin4 K174是SIRT2依赖性脱乙酰基作用的靶标。
2.3 SIRT2通过脱乙酰基修饰Septin4减轻了AngII诱导的肾足细胞损伤。
为了充分理解SIRT2-Septin4信号转导在高血压肾损伤中的作用,申请人证实AngII引起了肾足细胞中SIRT2和Septin4之间的结合增加(图3A)。此外,AngII诱导了Septin4的乙酰化水平下调,而在shSIRT2肾足细胞中则升高了,但是在shSIRT2肾足细胞中SIRT2的重新表达后,Septin4的乙酰化水平得以恢复(图3B)。随后,申请人使用正常对照和shSIRT2肾足细胞,伴或不伴有10-5mol/L AngII诱导的肾足细胞损伤。ShSIRT2细胞显示出对肾脏足细胞损伤的应答,其Cleaved-PARP1水平升高,而在SIRT2缺失的肾足细胞中WT-SIRT2的瞬时重新表达挽救了该损伤(图3C-D)。与这些发现一致,shSIRT2肾足细胞中细胞骨架的分解更为广泛,而SIRT2耗尽的肾足细胞中WT-SIRT2的瞬时再表达挽救了该分解作用(图3F,G)。使用CCK8分析获得了相似的结果(图3E)。总之,SIRT2可以缓解AngII诱导的肾足细胞的损伤,Septin4可能参与了反应。
2.4参与AngII诱导的肾足细胞损伤的Septin4依赖于SIRT2调控的Septin4-K174。
申请人的发现表明,SIRT2通过K174的脱乙酰作用来调节Septin4。然而,经由SIRT2使Septin4脱乙酰化在高血压肾损伤中的作用仍不清楚。因此,申请人使用三个shRNA片段构建了稳定的Septin4敲减(shSeptin4)肾足细胞,并确认了其中72650片段的敲减效率最高;因此,随后的实验使用了稳定的敲减细胞系。此外,申请人检测了在有或没有10- 5mol/L AngII的敲减肾足细胞中,shSeptin4中Cleaved-PARP1和Cleaved-Caspase3的表达,WT-Septin4和K174R-Septin4(形式为模拟的SIRT2脱乙酰化Septin4)的瞬时重新表达诱导肾脏足细胞损伤。如图4A-B所示,WT-Septin4重新表达后Cleaved-PARP1和Cleaved-Caspase3的水平高于shSeptin4,而在Septin4缺失的肾足细胞和shSeptin4肾足细胞中,K174R的瞬时重新表达之间没有显著差异。与先前的结果一致,在shSeptin4肾足细胞中WT-Septin4重新表达后的细胞骨架崩解大于shSeptin4肾足细胞中的细胞骨架崩解,而在shSeptin4细胞中K174R-Septin4的瞬时再表达与shSeptin4肾脏足细胞相比没有差异(图4C,E)。使用CCK8分析获得了相似的结果(图4D)。综上所述,SIRT2通过使Lys174 Septin4脱乙酰化,缓解了AngII诱导的肾足细胞的损伤。
2.5 SIRT2基因敲除小鼠显示Septin4的高乙酰化水平,并显著加重了AngII诱导
的高血压肾损伤。
高血压会导致肾脏进行性损害;在早期,肾体积和肾小管上皮细胞肿胀和肾小球系膜基质沉积增加。为了调查SIRT2在高血压肾损伤中的作用。用渗透微型泵输注2周AngII,用于在体内建立SIRT2-WT和SIRT2-/-C57BL/6小鼠的高血压肾损伤模型。申请人发现AngII引起的高血压损伤后,SIRT2-WT肾脏组织中SIRT2的表达显著增加(图5A,E),而SIRT2-/-小鼠不表达SIRT2。
另外,通过免疫共沉淀在高血压肾损伤小鼠中检测到SIRT2和Septin4之间的相互作用(图5B)和Septin4的乙酰化水平(图5C)。如结果所示,与足细胞结果一致,AngII诱导其相互作用增加,而SIRT2基因敲除小鼠中Septin4的乙酰化水平增加。
然后,申请人评估了高血压肾损伤是否伴有损伤相关蛋白的表达变化。与SIRT2-WT组相比,SIRT2-/-组的Cleaved-PARP1和Cleaved-Caspase3含量显著升高(图5D,F)。因此,SIRT2基因敲除小鼠在高血压肾损伤中加剧细胞凋亡。因此,申请人认为SIRT2可能与体内高血压性肾损伤有关。接下来,申请人在高血压损伤早期通过H&E染色和AZAN三色染色,评估了SIRT2在肾小管上皮细胞水肿和肾小球系膜基质过多中的作用。如预期,H&E和Azan三色染色显示,与SIRT2-WT小鼠相比,AngII诱导后SIRT2敲减显著加重了肾小管水肿程度并增加了肾小球系膜基质面积(图5G-H)。随后,肾损伤的晚期可能发生肾小球硬化和肾纤维化。进行PAS和Massion染色以评估SIRT2-WT和SIRT2-/-小鼠的肾小球硬化和肾纤维化程度。如图5K-L所示,高血压肾脏损伤后,SIRT2-/-小鼠的节段性硬化和纤维化区域均大于SIRT2-WT小鼠中的节段性硬化和纤维化区域(P<0.001)(图5M-N)。这些结果表明,SIRT2基因敲减在晚期高血压肾损伤中显著加重了肾小球硬化和纤维化。
总而言之,SIRT2基因敲减通过脱乙酰基修饰Septin4加剧了AngII引起的高血压性肾损伤。
2.6 SIRT2转基因(超级)小鼠显示Septin4的低乙酰化水平,并能明显缓解AngII
引起的高血压肾损伤。
为了进一步探讨SIRT2在高血压肾损伤中的作用,使用SIRT2转基因小鼠来验证上述实验。如图6A所示,成功构建了SIRT2转基因(超级)小鼠。通过免疫共沉淀法在高血压肾损伤小鼠中检测到Septin4的乙酰化水平(图6B)。SIRT2转基因(超级)小鼠中Septin4的乙酰化水平降低。此外,与WT组相比,SIRT2转基因(超级)组显著减轻了Cleaved-PARP1和Cleaved-Caspase3的量(图6C-D)。因此,SIRT2转基因(超级)小鼠在高血压肾损伤中显示出减弱的凋亡。随后,H&E和Azan三色染色显示与WT小鼠相比,转染SIRT2(超级)可显著缓解AngII诱导后的肾小管水肿程度,并增加肾小球系膜基质的面积(图6E-H)。高血压肾损伤后,SIRT2转基因(超级)小鼠的节段性硬化和纤维化区域均比野生型小鼠小(P<0.001)(图6I-L)。因此,SIRT2转基因(超级)减轻了AngII引起的高血压性肾损伤。这进一步证明SIRT2的Septin4依赖的脱乙酰化调节可减轻高血压性肾损伤。
讨论
讨论和结论
申请人的发现表明,Septin4-K174的脱乙酰基可以挽救Septin4敲除的肾足细胞中的肾足细胞损伤。此外,SIRT2基因敲除小鼠显示高乙酰化水平的Septin4,并显著加重了AngII引起的高血压性肾损伤。但是,SIRT2转基因(超级)小鼠的Septin4乙酰化水平较低,并且在AngII引起的高血压性肾损伤中具有相反的作用。这些观察结果揭示了介导Septin4在高血压肾脏损伤中起作用的新型SIRT2调节的脱乙酰途径。此外,K174处的Septin4脱乙酰基为设计治疗方案和靶向药物提供了理论基础。
SIRT2是NAD+依赖的III类组蛋白脱乙酰基酶,在内皮细胞和心脏相关疾病中起重要作用。特定的抑制剂SIRT2,AGK2,降低的H2O2诱导的内皮细胞毒性。此外,激活的SIRT2信号传导减轻了DOX诱导的心脏毒性。SIRT2缺陷型小鼠经历自发性心力衰竭,并在年龄增大时表现出心脏肥大,重塑,纤维化和功能障碍。SIRT2激活可通过抑制NFAT转录因子保护心脏免受衰老相关和异丙肾上腺素引起的病理性心肌肥大的影响。然而,没有证据表明SIRT2在高血压性肾损伤中起作用。
使用iTRAQ/TMT/label free分析和LC-PRMMS分析,申请人发现SIRT2首次涉及高血压肾损伤。在这里,申请人报道在高血压肾损伤的早期阶段,SIRT2基因敲除小鼠表现出明显加重的肾小管水肿,并伴有肾小球细胞外基质的过度分泌。但是,SIRT2转基因(超级)小鼠可以减轻高血压性肾损伤。此外,肾小球硬化和肾纤维化在晚期明显加重。这些结果证实SIRT2在高血压性肾损伤中起保护作用。SIRT2的上调在氧化剂刺激下在脂肪细胞和HUVEC细胞中起重要作用。同样,在申请人的研究中,SIRT2在肾足细胞损伤模型中有作用。SIRT2的重新表达挽救了SIRT2敲减细胞中的细胞骨架解体。此外,SIRT2调节许多取决于NAD+脱乙酰基活性的常见底物,包括FoxO1,FoxO3和NF-κB。SIRT2通过使AMPK的上游激酶LKB132脱乙酰基来促进AMPK的活性,从而保护心脏免受AngII诱导的肥大性刺激。申请人在SIRT2 Septin4的下游发现了一个新的凋亡相关蛋白。另外,缺失SIRT2后AngII显著增加了Septin4的表达。这些结果表明Septin4可能参与了高血压肾损伤反应。
Septin4目前被认为是器官损伤的重要标志蛋白。ARTs(Septin4 isform2)可以通过诱导细胞凋亡来参与各种疾病,例如通过调节ISC生态位中的干细胞存活。此外,Septin4在细胞凋亡中起着至关重要的作用,并且可以通过促进细胞凋亡来减轻肝脏纤维化。然而,Septin4和信号转导SIRT2-Septin4在高血压肾病中的作用仍然未知。申请人证实,CBP/SIRT2各自的乙酰转移酶/脱乙酰化酶活性调节Septin4-Lys174的乙酰化作用。此外,申请人发现Septin4 K174的脱乙酰基可以挽救Septin4敲减细胞中的肾足细胞损伤。。
总而言之,申请人首次确定了高血压病中控制Septin4功能的乙酰化依赖性调节机制。Septin4脱乙酰基可预防高血压肾病。申请人的发现表明,Septin4在SIRT2介导的高血压相关疾病中可能至关重要,提供了SIRT2在高血压肾病中起保护因子作用的潜在机制。这些观察结果进一步表明靶向Septin4 K174脱乙酰基治疗高血压肾病的潜在实用性。
最后说明的是,以上优选实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案而非限制,尽管通过上述优选实施例已经对本申请进行了详细的描述,但本领域技术人员应当理解,可以在形式上和细节上对其作出各种各样的改变,而不偏离本申请权利要求书所限定的范围。
序列表
<110> 孙英贤
<120> Septin4突变基因及其制药用途
<141> 2022-03-18
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Claims (4)
1. 一种Septin4突变体,其特征在于,与野生型Septin4相比,所述Septin4突变体为K174R的突变,所述Septin4突变体的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO: 1所示。
2.一种分离的核酸分子,其特征在于,所述核酸分子编码权利要求1所述Septin4突变体。
3.一种载体,其特征在于,所述载体包含如权利要求2所述的分离的核酸分子。
4.一种宿主细胞,其特征在于,所述宿主细胞包含根据权利要求3所述的载体。
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CN101426534A (zh) * | 2004-02-09 | 2009-05-06 | G·伊南纳 | 检测和治疗视网膜疾病的方法和组合物 |
CN105949305A (zh) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-09-21 | 南通大学 | Sept2截短体及其载体和应用 |
CN108721601A (zh) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-11-02 | 海南博芝康医疗科技有限公司 | 一种预防和/或治疗肾损伤和肾衰竭的组合物 |
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US8062839B2 (en) * | 2007-05-21 | 2011-11-22 | Elan Pharma International Limited | Parkin substrate and assay |
CN114716528A (zh) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-07-08 | 孙英贤 | 脱乙酰化修饰的Septin4蛋白及其制药用途 |
CN114716529B (zh) * | 2022-03-18 | 2024-05-14 | 孙英贤 | Septin4突变基因及其制药用途 |
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CN101426534A (zh) * | 2004-02-09 | 2009-05-06 | G·伊南纳 | 检测和治疗视网膜疾病的方法和组合物 |
CN105949305A (zh) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-09-21 | 南通大学 | Sept2截短体及其载体和应用 |
CN108721601A (zh) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-11-02 | 海南博芝康医疗科技有限公司 | 一种预防和/或治疗肾损伤和肾衰竭的组合物 |
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