CN114714881A - P2混合动力变速器 - Google Patents

P2混合动力变速器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114714881A
CN114714881A CN202111532869.7A CN202111532869A CN114714881A CN 114714881 A CN114714881 A CN 114714881A CN 202111532869 A CN202111532869 A CN 202111532869A CN 114714881 A CN114714881 A CN 114714881A
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China
Prior art keywords
transmission
input shaft
motor
generator set
stator
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Pending
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CN202111532869.7A
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English (en)
Inventor
F·萨米
M·拉加万
姚健
A·法特米
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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Publication of CN114714881A publication Critical patent/CN114714881A/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/006—Structural association of a motor or generator with the drive train of a motor vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/383—One-way clutches or freewheel devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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Abstract

一种用于汽车的混合动力系统，包括适于向汽车的车轮提供动力的变速器，适于向所述变速器的输入轴提供动力的发动机，以及适于向所述变速器的输入轴提供动力的电动发电机组，其中所述电动发电机组位于所述变速器内，与所述变速器的输入轴同轴，所述电动发电机组由所述变速器的泵支架支撑并封闭在所述变速器的泵支架内。

Description

P2混合动力变速器
技术领域
本公开涉及机动车辆动力系统。更具体地，本公开的方面涉及具有P2混合动力变速器的混合动力系统。
背景技术
许多可用的机动车辆，如现代汽车，包括用于推进车辆并为车载电子设备供电的动力系统。动力系统包括并且有时被不适当地称为动力传动系统，其通常由发动机组成，发动机通过多速动力变速器将驱动动力传递到车辆的最终驱动系统(例如，后差速器、车轴和车轮)。汽车传统上由往复活塞式内燃机(ICE)提供动力，因为它容易获得且成本相对低廉、重量轻且整体效率高。这种发动机包括2或4冲程压缩点火柴油发动机和4冲程火花点火汽油发动机。
另一方面，混合动力车辆利用替代动力源来推进车辆，最大限度地减少对发动机动力的依赖，从而提高整体燃油经济性。例如，混合电动汽车(HEV)结合了电能和化学能，并将电能和化学能转换成机械能以推进车辆并为车辆系统提供动力。HEV通常采用一个或多个电机，例如电动发电机组(MGUs)，其单独操作或与内燃机协同操作以推进车辆。由于混合动力车辆可以从发动机以外的来源获得其动力，因此混合动力车辆中的发动机可以在车辆由替代动力源推进时关闭。
混合动力系统的一个例子是P2混合动力系统。在P2混合动力布置中，MGU和发动机并行地向变速器提供动力输入。MGU或发动机中的任一个可单独地或组合地向变速器的输入侧提供动力。在P2布置中，MGU通常位于变速器附近或离轴，其中来自MGU的动力通过皮带或链条连接传递到变速器的输入侧。在其它布置中，MGU与变速器的输入侧同轴地放置在变速器的上游。在这两种情况中的任何一种情况下，增加MGU会产生封装问题，需要增加车辆内动力系统所需的横向和轴向空间。其它布置包括容纳在变速器内的MGU，以减少封装和动力传递问题，然而，变速器的总尺寸必须增加以容纳增加的MGU，从而产生将变速器放置在汽车内的封装问题。
因此，虽然当前的P2混合动力系实现了它们的预期目的，但是需要一种新的改进的P2混合动力系统，其在变速器内需要最小的额外空间并且使封装问题最小化。
发明内容
根据本公开的几个方面，一种用于汽车的混合动力系统包括适于向汽车的车轮提供动力的变速器，适于向变速器的输入轴提供动力的发动机，以及适于向变速器的输入轴提供动力的电动发电机组，其中电动发电机组位于变速器内，与变速器的输入轴同轴，电动发电机组由变速器的泵支架支撑并封闭在变速器的泵支架内。
根据另一个方面，混合动力系统包括位于发动机和变速器的输入轴之间并将发动机与变速器的输入轴互连的变矩器，变矩器具有单向离合器，单向离合器适于在从发动机向变矩器提供动力时将变矩器驱动地连接到变速器的输入轴，并且在从电动发电机组向变速器的输入轴提供动力时允许变速器的输入轴相对于变矩器自由旋转。
根据另一个方面，泵支架限定了电机外壳，电动发电机组包括定子和转子，定子与变速器的输入轴同轴地定位并固定到电机外壳的内壁上，转子与变速器的输入轴同轴地可旋转地定位在电机外壳内，与定子可操作地接合，并可旋转地附着于变速器的输入轴。
根据另一个方面，变速器包括具有第一部件和第二部件的两件式定子轴，其中定子轴的第一部件和定子轴的第二部件之间的间隙适于允许电动发电机组的转子可旋转地附着于变速器的输入轴。
根据另一个方面，电动发电机组是轴向磁通电动发电机组，其中定子和转子轴向对齐。
根据另一个方面，电动发电机组是径向磁通电动发电机组，其中定子径向向外并环绕转子。
根据另一个方面，混合动力系统还包括行星齿轮组，行星齿轮组位于转子和变速器的输入轴之间并将转子与变速器的输入轴互连。
根据另一个方面，行星齿轮组包括环形齿轮、太阳轮、托架和支撑在托架上并与太阳轮和环形齿轮齿轮啮合的多个小齿轮，托架可旋转地附着于变速器的输入轴。
根据另一个方面，混合动力系统还包括连接轮毂，连接轮毂位于转子和变速器的输入轴之间并将转子与变速器的输入轴互连。
根据另一个方面，连接轮毂包括油道，油道限定电机外壳与变速器的输入轴内的润滑油通道之间的流体连接。
根据本公开的几个方面，混合动力变速器包括适于从汽车发动机接收动力的输入轴，以及适于向变速器的输入轴提供动力的电动发电机组，其中电动发电机组位于变速器内，与变速器的输入轴同轴，电动发电机组由变速器的泵支架支撑并封闭在变速器的泵支架内。
根据另一个方面，混合动力变速器还包括变矩器，变矩器适于将发动机与变速器的输入轴互连，变矩器具有单向离合器，单向离合器适于在向变矩器提供动力时将变矩器驱动地连接到变速器的输入轴，并且在从电动发电机组向变速器的输入轴提供动力时允许变速器的输入轴相对于变矩器自由旋转。
根据另一个方面，泵支架限定了电机外壳，电动发电机组包括定子和转子，定子与变速器的输入轴同轴定位并固定在电机外壳的内壁上，转子与变速器的输入轴同轴地可旋转地定位在电机外壳内，与定子可操作地接合，并可旋转地附着于变速器的输入轴。
根据另一个方面，混合动力变速器还包括具有第一部件和第二部件的两件式定子轴，定子轴的第一部件和定子轴的第二部件之间的间隙适于允许电动发电机组的转子可旋转地附着于变速器的输入轴。
根据另一个方面，电动发电机组是轴向磁通电动发电机组，其中定子和转子轴向对齐。
根据另一个方面，电动发电机组是径向磁通电动发电机组，其中定子径向向外并环绕转子。
根据另一个方面，混合动力变速器还包括行星齿轮组，行星齿轮组位于转子和变速器的输入轴之间并将转子与变速器的输入轴互连。
根据另一个方面，行星齿轮组包括环形齿轮，太阳轮，托架和支撑在托架上并与太阳轮和环形齿轮齿轮啮合的多个小齿轮，托架可旋转地附着于变速器的输入轴。
根据另一个方面，混合动力变速器还包括一个连接轮毂，连接轮毂位于转子和变速器的输入轴之间并将转子和变速器的输入轴互连，连接轮毂包括油道，油道限定电机外壳和变速器的输入轴内的润滑油通道之间的流体连接。
根据本公开的几个方面，用于汽车的混合动力变速器包括输入轴、具有第一部件和第二部件的两件式定子轴、适于将发动机与变速器的输入轴互连的变矩器、限定电机外壳的泵支架以及适于向变速器的输入轴提供动力的电动发电机组。其中电动发电机组位于电机外壳内并包括定子和转子，定子与变速器的输入轴同轴定位并固定在电机外壳的内壁上，转子与变速器的输入轴同轴地可旋转地定位在电机外壳内，与定子可操作地接合，并通过行星齿轮组和连接轮毂中的一个可旋转地附着于变速器的输入轴。电动发电机组是轴向磁通电动发电机组(其中定子和转子轴向对齐)和径向磁通电动发电机组(其中定子径向向外并环绕转子)中的一个。其中，变矩器包括单向离合器，单向离合器适于在向变矩器提供动力时将变矩器驱动地连接到变速器的输入轴，并且在从电动发电机组向变速器的输入轴提供动力时允许变速器的输入轴相对于变矩器自由旋转，并且电动发电机组的转子通过定子轴的第一部件和定子轴的第二部件之间的间隙可旋转地附着于变速器的输入轴。
从本文提供的描述中，进一步的应用领域将变得显而易见。应当理解，描述和具体示例仅用于说明目的，并不旨在限制本公开的范围。
附图说明
本文所述的附图仅用于说明目的，并不旨在以任何方式限制本公开的范围。
图1是根据示例性实施例的包含混合动力系统和混合动力变速器的汽车的示意图；
图2是根据示例性实施例的混合动力变速器的局部剖视图；以及
图3是根据另一示例性实施例的混合动力变速器的局部剖视图。
具体实施方式
以下描述在本质上仅仅是示例性的，并不旨在限制本公开、应用或使用。
现在参考附图，其中相同的附图标记在几个视图中表示相同的特征，图1中示出了根据本公开的具有P2混合电动动力系统12的代表性汽车10的示意图。所示的汽车10仅仅是可以实施本公开的新颖方面的示例性应用。将本公开的构思在P2混合电动结构中的实施也应被理解为本文所公开的新构思的示例性应用。因此，应当理解，本公开的方面和特征可以集成到其他车辆动力系统配置中，并用于任何合乎逻辑的相关类型的机动车辆。最后，图1所示的混合动力系统12已经被极大地简化，应当理解，关于混合动力车辆的标准构造和操作的进一步信息是已知的。
图1所示的示例性混合动力系统包括驱动地连接到多级变速器16的发动机14。变速器16驱动地连接到驱动轴18、后差速器20和后轴22，以向汽车10的后轮24提供动力。发动机14优选地通过发动机曲轴以扭矩的方式将动力传递到变速器16的输入轴26。变速器16又适于操纵和分配来自发动机14的动力到驱动轴18、后差速器20和后轴22，并最终到汽车10的后轮24。发动机14可以是任何现在已知的或以后开发的发动机，例如2冲程或4冲程柴油发动机或4冲程汽油发动机，其容易适于通常以每分钟转数提供其可用的动力输出。尽管在图1中没有明确描绘，应当理解，汽车可以包括任何已知的构造，例如，但不限于前轮驱动、后轮驱动、四轮驱动和全轮驱动。
混合动力系统12包括电动发电机组28，其适于向变速器16的输入轴26提供动力。电动发电机组28位于变速器16内，与变速器的输入轴26同轴，并且由变速器16的泵支架30支承并封闭在变速器16的泵支架30内。
电动发电机组28可以是任何常规类型，例如但不限于直流串励电机、无刷直流电机、永磁同步电机、三相感应交流电机和多相(大于三相)感应交流电机以及开关磁阻电机。电动发电机组28用于双重目的。电动发电机组28提供扭矩以驱动输入轴26，并且当汽车10制动时，电动发电机组28可以成为发电机并为电池充电。电动发电机组28可以与发动机14结合使用，从而汽车10由两者同时提供动力，或者电动发电机组28可以单独向汽车10提供动力，允许发动机14空转或关闭。汽车10包括向电动发电机组28提供电力的电池组32和允许电池组32从外部电源充电的充电口34。
参考图2，混合动力变速器16包括包围泵支架30的主壳体36。变速器16的输入轴26将动力传递到一个或多个可选择性接合的扭矩传递机构38(例如，离合器、制动器等)和行星齿轮组，以使变速器的输出轴(未示出)旋转。主壳体36覆盖变速器16的最里面的部件，例如泵支架30、行星齿轮装置、输入轴26和扭矩传递装置38(所有这些都是出于解释的目的而提及的，并未全部示出)。
混合动力系统12的变速器16还包括变矩器40，变矩器40位于发动机14和变速器16的输入轴26之间并将发动机14与变速器16的输入轴26互连。变矩器40包括单向离合器42，单向离合器42适于在从发动机14向变矩器40提供动力时将变矩器40驱动地连接到变速器16的输入轴26，并且在从电动发电机组28向变速器16的输入轴26提供动力时允许变速器16的输入轴26相对于变矩器40自由旋转。
变矩器40是一种液力耦合器，用于将发动机14与变速器16的输入轴26可操作地连接。变矩器40包括叶轮44、涡轮46和定子48。为了保护这些部件，变矩器40构造有限定工作液压流体室52的环形壳体50。环形壳体50驱动地连接到发动机14，使得旋转动力可在其间来回传递。
叶轮44，在本领域中也称为“泵”，与涡轮46进行串联动力-流流体连通。介于叶轮44和涡轮46之间的是定子48，其选择性地改变从涡轮46返回到叶轮44的流体流，使得返回的流体有助于而不是阻碍叶轮44的旋转。经由环形壳体50和叶轮44将发动机扭矩传递到涡轮46是通过流体室52中的液压流体，例如传动油，的操作来实现的。更具体地说，叶轮44的旋转使得液压流体被环形地向外导向涡轮46。当这以足够的力克服旋转的惯性阻力时，与叶轮44同轴定向的涡轮46开始与叶轮44一起旋转。离开涡轮46的流体流通过定子48被引导回到叶轮44中。位于涡轮46的流动出口部分和叶轮44的流动入口部分之间的定子48将流体流从涡轮46沿与叶轮旋转相同的方向重新引导到叶轮44，从而减小泵扭矩并引起扭矩倍增。
将单向离合器42定位，并通过单向离合器将变矩器40的涡轮46与变速器16的输入轴26互连。当正扭矩从涡轮46传递到输入轴26时，单向离合器42用于自动地可操作地将涡轮46连接(或“锁定”)到输入轴26。在正扭矩操作模式期间，当动力从发动机14传递到输入轴26时，单向离合器42同时锁定，使得涡轮46机械地联接到输入轴26。相反地，单向离合器42用于在扭矩反向时自动地可操作地将涡轮46从输入轴26断开(或“超越”)。
泵支架30限定了电机外壳54。电动发电机组28位于电机外壳54内。通过修改当前的泵支架设计以在其中包括电机外壳54，实现电动发电机组28所需的额外空间量被最小化。电动发电机组28包括定子56，定子56与变速器16的输入轴26同轴地定位并且固定到电机外壳54的内壁58上。转子60与变速器16的输入轴26同轴地可旋转地定位在电机外壳54内，与定子可操作地接合，并可旋转地附着于变速器16的输入轴26。
在一示例性实施例中，变速器16包括两件式定子轴62，其具有第一部件62A和第二部件62B。定子轴62的第一部件62A和定子轴62的第二部件62B之间的间隙64允许电动发电机组28的转子60可旋转附着于变速器16的输入轴26。如图2所示，在一示例性实施例中，电动发电机组28是轴向磁通电动发电机组，其中定子56和转子60轴向对齐。参考图3，在另一示例性实施例中，电动发电机组28是径向磁通电动发电机组，其中定子56径向向外并环绕转子60。
再次参考图3，在一示例性实施例中，变速器16包括行星齿轮组66，行星齿轮组66位于电动发电机组28的转子60和变速器16的输入轴26之间并将电动发电机组28的转子60和变速器16的输入轴26互连。行星齿轮组66在电动发电机组28和变速器16的输入轴26之间提供齿轮减速以增加扭矩。
如图所示，行星齿轮组66包括环形齿轮68、太阳轮70、托架72和支撑在托架72上并与太阳轮70和环形齿轮68齿轮啮合的多个小齿轮74。这种布置提供了优于其它可能布置的几个优点，包括紧凑性，太阳轮70、环形齿轮68和托架72使用共用的中心轴的可能性，由于负载由多个小齿轮74分担而产生的高“扭矩密度”，以及由于分布在小齿轮74与环形齿轮68之间以及小齿轮74和太阳轮70之间的啮合处的相等且相反的力而导致的在齿轮68、70和74的中心处抵消的齿轮74和68之间以及齿轮68和70之间的切向力。
环形齿轮68附着于转子60的径向向内表面上或整体形成在转子60的径向向内表面内。太阳轮70附着于泵支架30的一部分上或整体形成在泵支架30的一部分内。托架72可旋转地附着于变速器16的输入轴26。托架通过花键或齿轮啮合可旋转地附着于输入轴26。当转子60旋转时，由于行星齿轮组66的齿轮减速，托架72以较慢的速率旋转，并使变速器16的输入轴26旋转。在太阳轮70保持静止的情况下，与太阳轮70啮合的小齿轮74的一侧也不能移动，并且小齿轮74将沿着太阳轮70的外侧滚动。在一示例性实施例中，对于环形齿轮68和小齿轮74，与环形齿轮68(转子60)啮合时的切向速度将相等，并且小齿轮74和托架72的中心将以该切向速度的一半移动，即在以全速移动的点和完全不移动的点之间的中间点，从而提供2∶1的减速。应当理解，行星齿轮组66可提供任何合适的所需齿轮减速比。
再次参考图2，在一示例性实施例中，变速器16包括连接轮毂76，连接轮毂76位于转子60和变速器16的输入轴26之间并将转子60与变速器16的输入轴26互连。将电动发电机组28的转子60的旋转直接传递到变速器16的输入轴26。连接轮毂76通过转子60和连接轮毂76之间以及连接轮毂76和输入轴26之间的花键或齿轮啮合将转子60与变速器16的输入轴26可旋转地互连。
在另一示例性实施例中，连接轮毂76包括油道78，油道78限定电机外壳54和变速器16的输入轴26内的润滑油通道80之间的流体连接。径向孔口82在电机外壳54和润滑油通道80之间延伸，以允许变速器流体从电机外壳54流动通过孔口82并进入润滑油通道80，其中变速器流体可以轴向地流动通过输入轴到达变速器内的贮槽(未示出)。位于转子60和不旋转的泵支架30之间的密封件引导变速器流体通过油道78回到变速器16内的油槽。
本公开的混合动力系统和混合动力变速器具有几个优点。将电动发电机组28放置在泵支架30的电机外壳54内，是在不改变没有电动发电机组28的现有变速器的施加压力和释放压力的情况下允许添加电动发电机组28。这使得容易重新设计现有的多速自动变速器以包含电动发电机组28，同时最小化变速器尺寸的任何增加。
本公开的描述在本质上仅仅是示例性的，并且不脱离本公开主旨的变化旨在落入本公开的范围内。这样的变化不应被视为偏离本公开的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于汽车的混合动力系统，包括：
变速器，适于向汽车的车轮提供动力；
发动机，适于向所述变速器的输入轴提供动力；以及
电动发电机组，适于向所述变速器的输入轴提供动力，其中所述电动发电机组位于所述变速器内，与所述变速器的输入轴同轴，所述电动发电机组由所述变速器的泵支架支撑并封闭在所述变速器的泵支架内。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力系统，还包括变矩器，所述变矩器位于所述发动机和所述变速器的输入轴之间并将所述发动机与所述变速器的输入轴互连，所述变矩器具有单向离合器，所述单向离合器适于在从所述发动机向所述变矩器提供动力时将所述变矩器驱动地连接到所述变速器的输入轴，并且在从所述电动发电机组向所述变速器的输入轴提供动力时允许所述变速器的输入轴相对于所述变矩器自由旋转。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力系统，其中所述泵支架限定了电机外壳，所述电动发电机组包括定子和转子，所述定子与所述变速器的输入轴同轴地定位并固定到所述电机外壳的内壁上，所述转子与所述变速器的输入轴同轴地可旋转地定位在所述电机外壳内，与所述定子可操作地接合，并可旋转地附接至于所述变速器的输入轴。
4.根据权利要求3所述的混合动力系统，其中所述变速器包括具有第一部件和第二部件的两件式定子轴，其中所述定子轴的第一部件和所述定子轴的第二部件之间的间隙适于允许所述电动发电机组的转子可旋转地附接至所述变速器的输入轴。
5.根据权利要求4所述的混合动力系统，其中所述电动发电机组为轴向磁通电动发电机组，其中所述定子和转子轴向对齐。
6.根据权利要求4所述的混合动力系统，其中所述电动发电机组是径向磁通电动发电机组，其中所述定子径向向外并环绕所述转子。
7.根据权利要求4所述的混合动力系统，还包括行星齿轮组，所述行星齿轮组位于所述转子和所述变速器的输入轴之间并将所述转子与所述变速器的输入轴互连。
8.根据权利要求7所述的混合动力系统，其中所述行星齿轮组包括环形齿轮、太阳轮、托架和支撑在所述托架上并与所述太阳轮和环形齿轮齿轮啮合的多个小齿轮，所述托架可旋转地附接至所述变速器的输入轴。
9.根据权利要求4所述的混合动力系统，还包括连接轮毂，所述连接轮毂位于所述转子和所述变速器的输入轴之间并将所述转子与所述变速器的输入轴互连。
10.根据权利要求9所述的混合动力系统，其中所述连接轮毂包括油道，所述油道限定所述电机外壳和所述变速器的输入轴内的润滑油通道之间的流体连接。
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