CN114713928B - Connection method of special-shaped carbon/carbon and metal composite heat dissipation long tube with segmented fins - Google Patents

Connection method of special-shaped carbon/carbon and metal composite heat dissipation long tube with segmented fins Download PDF

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CN114713928B
CN114713928B CN202210206872.8A CN202210206872A CN114713928B CN 114713928 B CN114713928 B CN 114713928B CN 202210206872 A CN202210206872 A CN 202210206872A CN 114713928 B CN114713928 B CN 114713928B
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carbon
special
tube
heat dissipation
shaped
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CN114713928A (en
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肖逸锋
张汭
吴靓
张乾坤
郭景平
刘茂
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Xiangtan University
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Xiangtan University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
    • B23K1/206—Cleaning
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for connecting a special-shaped carbon/carbon and metal composite heat dissipation long tube with segmented fins. The invention belongs to the field of connection of carbon/carbon composite materials and metal materials, and aims to solve the problems of material deformation and joint cracking caused by overlarge residual stress in connection of long tubular metal and special-shaped carbon/carbon composite tubes. The invention carries out sectional pretreatment on the fins of the special-shaped carbon/carbon composite tube, and then adopts a vacuum brazing method to realize the brazing connection of the special-shaped carbon/carbon radiating tube with the fins and the metal long tube, the obtained composite radiating long tube joint is fully connected, the radiating carbon/carbon special-shaped tube matrix and the radiating fins have no deformation and cracking, and the connection strength can reach more than 20MPa. The process method provided by the invention has the advantages of easiness in operation, low cost, safety and reliability, and is particularly suitable for connecting long tubular brazing special pipes.

Description

Connection method of special-shaped carbon/carbon and metal composite heat dissipation long tube with segmented fins
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a connection technology of a special-shaped composite material piece and a metal long tube, and relates to a connection method of a fin-segmented special-shaped carbon/carbon and metal composite heat dissipation long tube.
Background
With the continuous combination and development of the national defense field, the aerospace field and the nuclear energy field, the space nuclear reactor power supply has outstanding performances in the aspects of high-power earth orbit satellite, unmanned deep space probe, manned deep space probe, lunar planetary base power supply and the like. The heat pipe radiator can discharge a large amount of waste heat generated by low thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the nuclear power source to the space. The heat exchange unit of the heat pipe type radiator consists of heat pipes, fins and other relevant coatings. With the rapid development of material science, carbon fiber reinforced carbon (carbon/carbon) composite materials are not two choices of fin materials because of the characteristics of low density, high thermal conductivity, high strength, ablation resistance and the like, so that the weight of components is effectively reduced, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and copper is replaced.
Therefore, for the purpose of integrating the structural functions of the carbon/carbon fin and the metal heat pipe, the carbon/carbon composite material is usually connected with the metal to form a compositeThe components are used. Brazing is currently the most convenient and feasible method. However, due to the high coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch (CTE) between carbon/carbon composite and metal Carbon/carbon ＝0-2×10 -6 K -1 ) High residual stress exists in the joint between the two, and the mechanical property of the joint is seriously weakened. On the other hand, the stable connection of long pipe fittings in the field of brazing is always a research hot spot and a difficult point, and the clearance regulation, the process setting, the assembly, the pressurizing means and the like play an important role in the safe and long-acting use of the joint. However, in actual operation, the problems of deformation, damage and the like of the composite part structure caused by overlarge residual stress generated in the welding process of the long tube are difficult to solve. Therefore, a novel method needs to be developed, so that the carbon/carbon heat dissipation special-shaped tube is connected with the metal long tube to obtain a compact joint, and the fins are free from deformation and cracking.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for connecting a fin-segmented special-shaped carbon/carbon and metal composite heat dissipation long tube, which aims to solve the problems of large deformation and easy cracking when the special-shaped carbon/carbon composite material is connected with a metal long tube.
The connection method used by the invention is realized according to the following steps:
step 1, processing a carbon/carbon fin: under the condition of ensuring that the carbon/carbon heat dissipation special-shaped tube matrix is not damaged, carrying out 3-5 sections of opening segmentation treatment on the fins, wherein the length of each section is 150-200mm, the opening width between the two sections is 0.5-2.5mm, and the opening depth is 1-2mm from the edge of the fin to the root of the carbon/carbon heat dissipation tube matrix;
step 2, surface treatment to be welded: mechanically polishing the inner wall of the carbon/carbon heat dissipation special-shaped tube by using abrasive cloth, mechanically polishing the outer wall of the metal tube, cleaning by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying in a vacuum drying oven;
step 3, joint assembly: assembling the treated carbon/carbon heat dissipation special-shaped tube and the metal long tube, filling brazing filler metal between the two tubes and fixing the tubes, and feeding the assembled joint into a tube furnace in parallel and ensuring the joint to be in a horizontal position;
step 4, vacuum brazing: vacuum degree of brazing is not lower than 5×10 -3 Pa, and applying 2-5MPa pressure to the inner wall of the metal pipe; multiple onesAnd (3) a platform temperature rising process: firstly, heating from room temperature to 200-340 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min for 30-60min, then heating from room temperature to 580-620 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min for 10-15min, and then heating to 850-1100 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min for 8-15min; multi-platform cooling process: cooling to 920-950 ℃ at the speed of 1-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30-60min, cooling to 820-850 ℃ at the speed of 1-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30-60min, cooling to 720-750 ℃ at the speed of 1-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30-60min, cooling to 620-650 ℃ at the speed of 1-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30-60min, cooling to 520-550 ℃ at the speed of 1-5 ℃/min, and finally cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain the special-shaped carbon/carbon and metal composite heat dissipation long tube.
The length of the carbon/carbon heat dissipation special-shaped tube in the step 1 is 300-800mm.
The solder in the step 3 is Ag-Cu-Ti, BNi-2 or TiZrNiCu, and the solder is foil or paste.
The connecting method of the fin segmented special-shaped carbon/carbon and metal composite heat dissipation long tube mainly comprises the following beneficial effects:
1. the solder adopted by the invention can obviously improve the strength of the soldered joint, can realize the connection of the carbon/carbon heat dissipation special-shaped tube and the metal long tube, is fully filled, and can enable the joint to work in a high-temperature environment, and the final joint strength reaches more than 20MPa.
2. The method for sectioning the fins can obviously reduce the residual stress of the central part of the integral fins on the basis of not affecting the heat dissipation capacity of the product, avoid the deformation condition of the heat dissipation fins in the long tube brazing process and improve the service performance of the product.
3. The invention is favorable for the full connection of the joints by the pressurizing mode.
4. According to the invention, the multi-section heat preservation platform is arranged in the cooling stage, so that the internal stress generated in the high-temperature stage is released, the residual stress caused by overlarge difference of linear expansion coefficients between the composite material and the metal in the cooling process is relieved, and the purpose of welding the long tube is achieved.
5. The method provided by the invention is safe and reliable in operation, convenient and fast in operation, high in efficiency and rapidness in connection process, low in cost, strong in repeatability, attractive in whole product, sufficient in joint connection, stable in strength and suitable for industrial application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a fin segmented carbon/carbon heat sink profile tube to a metal long tube.
1 is a metal material, 2 is a brazing filler metal, 3 is a carbon/carbon special-shaped tube, and 4 is a fin segment.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
step 1, processing a carbon/carbon fin: selecting a carbon/carbon heat dissipation special-shaped tube with the length of 600mm; under the condition of ensuring that the carbon/carbon heat radiation special-shaped tube matrix is not damaged, 4 sections of openings are processed in a segmented mode, each section is 150mm long, the width of an opening between the two sections is 0.5mm, and the depth of the opening is from the edge of the fin to the position of 2mm of the root of the carbon/carbon heat radiation tube matrix;
step 2, surface treatment to be welded: mechanically polishing the inner wall of the carbon/carbon heat dissipation special-shaped tube by using abrasive cloth, mechanically polishing the outer wall of the metal tube, cleaning by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying in a vacuum drying oven;
step 3, joint assembly: assembling the treated carbon/carbon heat dissipation special-shaped tube and the metal long tube, filling amorphous BNi-2 foil brazing filler metal between the two, fixing, and feeding the assembled joint into a tube furnace in parallel and ensuring the joint to be in a horizontal position;
step 4, vacuum brazing: vacuum degree of brazing is not lower than 5×10 -3 Pa, and applying 3MPa pressure to the inner wall of the metal pipe; multi-platform heating process: firstly, heating from room temperature to 280 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min for 40min, then heating from room temperature to 600 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min for 10min, and then heating to 1050 ℃ at a heating rate of 8 ℃/min for 8min; multi-platform cooling process: cooling to 950 ℃ at a speed of 2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 40min, cooling to 850 ℃ at a speed of 2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 40min, cooling to 750deg.C at 2deg.C/min, maintaining for 40min, cooling to 650deg.C at 2deg.C/min, and maintaining for 60min at 2deg.C/minAnd cooling to 550 ℃ at a speed, preserving heat for 60min, and finally cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain the special-shaped carbon/carbon and metal composite heat dissipation long tube.
The obtained special-shaped connecting piece joint brazing filler metal is fully filled, a welding line does not have cracking phenomenon, the carbon/carbon radiating fins are free from deformation and cracking, and the average room temperature shear strength of the detected joint is 20MPa.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical substance of the present invention falls within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The connection method of the special-shaped carbon/carbon and metal composite heat dissipation long tube with the fins is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, processing a carbon/carbon fin: under the condition of ensuring that the carbon/carbon heat dissipation special-shaped tube matrix is not damaged, carrying out 3-5 sections of opening segmentation treatment on the fins, wherein the length of each section is 150-200mm, the opening width between the two sections is 0.5-2.5mm, and the opening depth is 1-2mm from the edge of the fin to the root of the carbon/carbon heat dissipation tube matrix;
step 2, surface treatment to be welded: mechanically polishing the inner wall of the carbon/carbon heat dissipation special-shaped tube by using abrasive cloth, mechanically polishing the outer wall of the metal tube, cleaning by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying in a vacuum drying oven;
step 3, joint assembly: assembling the treated carbon/carbon heat dissipation special-shaped tube and the metal long tube, filling brazing filler metal between the two tubes and fixing the tubes, and feeding the assembled joint into a tube furnace in parallel and ensuring the joint to be in a horizontal position;
step 4, vacuum brazing: vacuum degree of brazing is not lower than 5×10 -3 Pa, and applying 2-5MPa pressure to the inner wall of the metal pipe; multi-platform heating process: firstly heating from room temperature to 200-340 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min for 30-60min, and then heating from room temperature to 580-620 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min for 10-15min, then heating to 850-1100 ℃ at a speed of 5-10 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 8-15min; multi-platform cooling process: cooling to 920-950 ℃ at the speed of 1-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30-60min, cooling to 820-850 ℃ at the speed of 1-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30-60min, cooling to 720-750 ℃ at the speed of 1-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30-60min, cooling to 620-650 ℃ at the speed of 1-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30-60min, cooling to 520-550 ℃ at the speed of 1-5 ℃/min, and finally cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain the special-shaped carbon/carbon and metal composite heat dissipation long tube.
2. The method for connecting a fin-segmented special-shaped carbon/carbon and metal composite heat dissipation long tube according to claim 1, wherein the length of the carbon/carbon heat dissipation special-shaped tube in the step 1 is 300-800mm.
3. The method for connecting the fin segmented special-shaped carbon/carbon and metal composite heat dissipation long tube according to claim 1, wherein the brazing filler metal in the step 3 is Ag-Cu-Ti, BNi-2 or TiZrNiCu, and the brazing filler metal is foil or paste.
CN202210206872.8A 2022-03-04 2022-03-04 Connection method of special-shaped carbon/carbon and metal composite heat dissipation long tube with segmented fins Active CN114713928B (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001030528A1 (en) * 1999-10-25 2001-05-03 Alliedsignal Inc. Process for manufacturing of brazed multi-channeled structures
CN206274227U (en) * 2016-12-09 2017-06-23 厦门大学 A kind of micro-channel heat exchanger with many stream interconnection architectures

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001030528A1 (en) * 1999-10-25 2001-05-03 Alliedsignal Inc. Process for manufacturing of brazed multi-channeled structures
CN206274227U (en) * 2016-12-09 2017-06-23 厦门大学 A kind of micro-channel heat exchanger with many stream interconnection architectures

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
张雷 ; 曲文卿 ; 庄鸿寿 ; .碳纤维复合材料与金属连接及接头力学性能测试.材料工程.2007,(S1),第141-147段. *

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