CN104226870A - Covering method for hot isostatic pressing of aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe - Google Patents
Covering method for hot isostatic pressing of aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN104226870A CN104226870A CN201410348025.0A CN201410348025A CN104226870A CN 104226870 A CN104226870 A CN 104226870A CN 201410348025 A CN201410348025 A CN 201410348025A CN 104226870 A CN104226870 A CN 104226870A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of metal composite materials and particularly relates to a covering method for hot isostatic pressing of an aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe. The method provided by the invention comprises the specific steps: (1) preparing a covering assembly; (2) treating the covering assembly and an aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly before assembling; (3) assembling and welding the covering assembly and the aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly; (4) degassing and sealing an obtained cover. The cover can realize the isolation of the environment in the cover and the environment outside the cover in a high-temperature and high-pressure hot isostatic pressure treatment process and the good sealing performance is kept; argon pressure can be uniformly acted on an interface between all layers of metal of the aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe in the hot isostatic pressure treatment process; after the hot isostatic pressure treatment of the aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe, the size, and the form and location tolerance of a stainless steel inner hole are not greatly deviated when being compared with those before the hot isostatic pressure treatment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallic composite preparing technical field, particularly a kind of cladding method of the hip moulding for aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe.
Background technology
The flexible heat pipe of spacecraft application, the working media flow pipe of the single-phase and system such as diphasic liquids heat transfer loop, expandable type heat radiator and reservoir vessel, based on the consideration of intensity, the aspect such as anticorrosive, selected stainless steel.In addition, heat collection (heat-transfer working medium evaporation) with distribute (heat-transfer working medium condensation) region, based on the consideration of heat transfer property and weight, aluminium material design having been selected light weight, good heat-transfer, specific heat capacity large expansion hot plate.The heat flow density that the evaporation of heat control system heat-transfer working medium and condenser zone stainless steel shell and aluminium alloy expand hot plate interface can reach several watts every square centimeter, mechanical bond or method such as filling thermal grease conduction, heat-conducting glue etc. all can not meet heat transfer property needs, and common soldering processes are also difficult to realize heat pipe package and expand the large area metallurgical binding of hot plate thus reach efficient heat transfer object.Solution for the problems referred to above is that a kind of aluminium alloy of preparation and stainless composite pipe are for the evaporation of heat control system heat-transfer working medium and condenser zone.The structure of this composite pipe is the flow pipe as heat-transfer working medium in stainless steel tube occupies, and aluminium-alloy pipe occupies outer as expanding hot plate.In addition this multiple tube also should meet following requirement: 1, and stainless steel and aluminium alloy interface are metallurgical binding; 2, metallurgical interface Percentage bound is greater than 90%; 3, interface shear strength is greater than 20MPa; 4, meet the requirement of spacecraft product mechanics adaptability, tested by random vibration environment.5, meet the requirement of spacecraft product thermo-environment adaptability.
For aerospace craft flexible heat pipe, the single-phase and heat control system such as diphasic liquids heat transfer loop, expandable type heat radiator to the requirement of lightweight, withstand voltage, high capacity of heat transfer al stainless steel composite pipe, such tubing is several may preparation technology be described below: 1, casting technique.Design specialized casting mould stainless steel tube is core, the outer aluminum pipe cast molding of core.The shortcoming of this technique is aluminium liquid placing temperature higher (generally higher than 680 DEG C), aluminium/stainless steel interface produces thicker intermetallic Fe-Al compound conversion zone, in cooling procedure, there is the penetrability cracking (thermal coefficient of expansion about 23.4 × 10 of aluminium alloy in this conversion zone under the effect of thermal stress
-6/ DEG C, the thermal coefficient of expansion about 16.6 × 10 of austenitic stainless steel
-6/ DEG C, aluminium/stainless steel interface can produce larger thermal stress in foundry goods cooling procedure) aluminium/stainless steel interface bond strength is lower; 2, welding procedure.The feature of this technique coordinates interface zone to fill the lower soft solder of fusing point and corresponding scaling powder, as tinbase, lead-based solder at stainless steel tube and aluminum pipe.Aluminium/certain thickness solder layer in stainless steel interface, in the thermal stress realizing aluminium, stainless steel metallurgical interface can be reduced by self deformation at yield while combining and elimination al stainless steel weldment produces in cooling procedure.Composite pipe al stainless steel interface bond strength prepared by this technique is higher, and the space flight mechanics adaptability of tubing, thermo-environment adaptability are better.The shortcoming of this technique is that solder solder generally need coordinate scaling powder to use.Solder flux plays very important role in welding process, except play remove welded mother metal surface film oxide effect except, also play the protective effect of welding surroundings.For aluminium/stainless steel tubing Material cladding (welding), cream solder (paste mixture of solder flux, solder etc.) or other forms of solder can only be adopted to coordinate solder flux to carry out interface filling.In welding process, solder flux will produce a large amount of gas.Multiple tube this kind is elongated be similar to closed interfacial structure form under, be vented very difficult, interface gas pressure intensity increase, liquid solder can be made to extrude, thus cause metallurgical interface Percentage bound (ratio of brazing area) lower, generally not higher than 40%.3, extrusion forming process.Loading extruder recipient after stainless steel tube and aluminium base assemble carries out extruded.Extrusion forming process is by aluminium, a certain amount of deformation separately of stainless steel tube interface zone, and the two unsalted surface realizes metallurgical interface and combines and have higher Percentage bound under the effect of higher temperature, comparatively large vertical compression.The shortcoming of this technique is the deformation quantity that accurately can not control stainless steel tube in extrusion process, causes the wall thickness of stainless steel tube, endoporus circularity, coaxiality of inner hole equidimension to depart from.4, drawing moulding process is that aluminum pipe is fixed constraint, and stainless steel tube is drawn at aluminum pipe endoporus.If realize the metallurgical binding at aluminium and stainless steel interface, aluminium, stainless steel interface zone must have larger deformation quantity and expose unsalted surface and just can realize under the action of compressive stress that interface vertical direction is larger.The shortcoming of this technique is that the aluminum pipe of fixed constraint can not produce larger deformation and larger deformation produces the wall thickness of stainless steel tube, endoporus circularity, coaxiality of inner hole equidimension and tolerance and has a strong impact on.5, heat iso-hydrostatic diffusion welding moulding process.These technique concrete operations are assembled with jacket constituent components by multiple tube constituent components (stainless steel tube, interface transition layer metal, aluminum pipe), to weld and vacuum seal, then jacket is put into hot isostatic apparatus to heat-treat, multiple tube three-layer metal interface realizes diffusion bond under high pressure, high temperature, high vacuum environment.This moulding process specifically has following characteristics:
(1) high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) is that gas is exerted pressure, and exert pressure is hydrostatic pressure, by jacket, pressure is put on multiple tube three-layer metal interface, and this technique is applicable to the Material cladding of tubing version very much, can realize the Interface composites rate of 90 ~ 100%;
(2) the high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) mode of exerting pressure is very beneficial for the stress state improving multiple tube three-layer metal interface, improves interface plastic deformation ability;
(3) heat and other static pressuring processes parameter can adjust flexibly as temperature, pressure, time etc., is very beneficial for the material structure form controlling combination interface.
Task of the present invention be exploitation a kind of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) jacket and sheathing process for spacecraft thermal control al stainless steel composite pipe hip moulding.This is wrapped in high temperature, hot high pressure isostatic pressed processing procedure and can realizes overlapping environment and overlapping the isolated of external environment, and keeps good sealing; Argon pressure can be realized in hip treatment process by jacket stepless action each layer intermetallic interface of composite pipe in cover; After can ensureing composite pipe hip moulding, size and the form and position tolerance of its stainless steel endoporus can not occur to depart from more greatly compared with before hip treatment.
Summary of the invention
For the hip moulding problem of spacecraft thermal control aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe material, the invention provides a kind of cladding method of the hip moulding for aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe.
For a cladding method for the hip moulding of aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe, its concrete steps are as follows:
1. jacket assembly is prepared;
2. the assembling pre-treatment of jacket assembly and aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe assembly;
3. jacket assembly and aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe assembly assembling with weld;
4. the degasification of gained jacket and sealing.
Described jacket assembly comprises: vacuum canning shell, vacuum canning first outer end cap, vacuum canning first inner end cap, vacuum canning second inner end cap, vacuum canning second outer end cap and vacuum canning exhaust tube.
Described aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe assembly comprises: aluminium-alloy pipe, transition metal and stainless steel tube.
The material of described jacket assembly is copper or silver, and the purity of described copper or silver is greater than 99.9wt% respectively, and oxygen content is not more than 50ppm respectively.The copper that purity is higher, silver metal have lower yield strength and good plastic deformation ability.The present invention utilizes the These characteristics of copper, ag material, it can be used as jacket assembly material.In hot isostatic pressing, medium argon pressure by copper or silver-colored jacket stepless action in aluminium, transition metal and stainless steel three-layer metal interface.In addition, due to copper, silver-colored good plastic deformation ability, make to be wrapped in the sealing occurred compared with cover environment still can be maintained when large deformation.
For the isolated and good deformability of the inside and outside environment of jacket in maintaining heat isostatic pressed processing procedure, the wall thickness of each part of described jacket assembly is respectively 0.5mm to 5mm.
The assembling pre-treating method of described jacket assembly is as follows: a. surface oxide layer is removed; B. oil removing is cleaned; C. dewater, dry; D. annealing in hydrogen atmosphere process or thermal vacuum degasification; E. protection is deposited.To be purification assembly surface with assembly high-temperature soft annealing, assembly degassed for the main purpose of jacket component assembling annealing in hydrogen atmosphere and thermal vacuum degasification pre-treatment.
The annealing in hydrogen atmosphere treatment process system of described jacket assembly process: heat treatment under hydrogen atmosphere, treatment temperature is 350 DEG C ~ 700 DEG C, and the processing time is 2 to 5 hours, and dew point of hydrogen is-80 DEG C ~-40 DEG C; The thermal vacuum degasification method of described jacket assembly process is: be better than 5.0 × 10 in vacuum
-3under the condition of Pa, 350 DEG C ~ 700 DEG C, degasification 2 to 5 hours.
The assembling pre-treating method of described aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe assembly is as follows: a. cleans oil removing; B. dewater, dry; C. thermal vacuum degasification; D. protection is deposited.The main purpose of aluminium-degassed pre-treatment of stainless steel composite pipe component assembling thermal vacuum is, degassed to aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe assembly degree of depth, and in minimizing hot isostatic pressing, gas escaped quantity in jacket, maintains higher vacuum in jacket.
The method of the thermal vacuum degasification of described aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe assembly process is: vacuum is better than 5.0 × 10
-3under Pa condition, 100 to 600 degree degasification 2 to 5 hours.
Described jacket assembly and aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe assembly are after assembling pre-treatment, and fail to assemble with when welding in time, deposit under needing vacuum condition, the vacuum of storage environment is better than 100Pa.
When described jacket assembly and aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe component assembling, vacuum canning shell is coated on outside aluminium-alloy pipe; The inner layer stainless steel tube two ends of described aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe are assembled with vacuum canning first inner end cap and vacuum canning second inner end cap respectively; The outer aluminium-alloy pipe two ends of described aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe are assembled with vacuum canning first outer end cap and vacuum canning second outer end cap respectively; Described inner end cap and adjacent outer end cap are weldingly connected; Described outer end cap and adjacent vacuum canning shell are weldingly connected; Vacuum canning blast pipe and vacuum canning second outer end cap are weldingly connected; Described vacuum canning blast pipe communicates with the gap of jacket assembly and aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe assembly.
Described welding adopt electron beam welding, plasma arc welding (PAW), argon arc welding, vacuum brazing or hydrogen shield soldering method complete; The weld penetration of wherein electron beam welding, plasma arc welding (PAW) and argon arc welding is all not less than 0.5mm, and the solder seam depth of cracking closure of vacuum brazing and hydrogen shield method for welding is all not less than 0.5mm.
High vacuum brazing materials selected by the solder of described vacuum brazing and hydrogen shield method for welding; Described high vacuum brazing materials are: AgCu, AgCuIn, AgCuPd, AgCuSn, AgCuNi, AuCu or AuNi system alloy material.
Each several part gap between described jacket assembly and aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe assembly is all not more than 0.10mm.The control of fit-up gap has two aspect demands, and one is meet jacket welding requirements; Two are, hip treatment process eliminates the process in jacket and each component assembling gap of aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe, less fit-up gap can make jacket and aluminium-each assembly of stainless steel compound after high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) completes, deformation quantity is less, is conducive to the size and the form and position tolerance precision that ensure aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe (stainless steel tube) endoporus.
The degasification method of described jacket is: after gained jacket has welded, connect air extractor by exhaust tube, carries out thermal vacuum degasification in jacket.The main purpose of this operation is the gas escaped quantity reduced further in heat treatment process in jacket, maintains vacuum higher in jacket.
Described thermal vacuum degasification method is: under 100 to 600 degree conditions, jacket vacuum is better than 10
-3pa, maintains more than 2 hours.
The encapsulating method of described jacket is: after the degasification of jacket terminates, and adopts press-welding pliers to vacuum canning exhaust tube pinched-off seal and weld port.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, can realize the isolation of the inside and outside environment of jacket in the whole process of hip treatment, jacket keeps good sealing;
2, argon medium pressure can be realized in hip treatment process by jacket stepless action each layer intermetallic interface of multiple tube in cover;
3, can ensure that multiple tube is after hip treatment, size and the form and position tolerance of its stainless steel endoporus do not occur to depart from more greatly compared with before hip treatment;
4, except for except spacecraft thermal control al stainless steel composite pipe shaping, also can be applicable to the composite molding of other bimetallic tubing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the wrapping structure schematic diagram of the present invention for the hip moulding of aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe;
Number in the figure: 1-vacuum canning shell; 2-vacuum canning first outer end cap; 3-vacuum canning first inner end cap; 4-vacuum canning second inner end cap; 5-vacuum canning second outer end cap; 6-vacuum canning exhaust tube; 7-aluminium-alloy pipe; 8-transition metal layer; 9-stainless steel tube; 10-vacuum canning first weld seam; 11-vacuum canning second weld seam; 12-vacuum canning the 3rd weld seam; 13-vacuum canning the 4th weld seam; 14-vacuum canning the 5th weld seam; 15-vacuum canning the 6th weld seam; 16-vacuum canning the 7th weld seam.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention provides a kind of cladding method of the hip moulding for aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
The jacket of certain spacecraft heat control system evaporimeter aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe material hip moulding and jacket step.
Evaporimeter aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe assembly is formed:
Aluminium-alloy pipe 7: material is 3A21, diameter of bore is 10.6mm, and long is 140mm, and outside diameter is greater than the maximum outside diameter of multiple tube odd-shaped cross section;
Stainless steel tube 9: material is 316L, external diameter is 10mm, and hole size is M8 × 0.5mm, length is 150mm;
Transition metal layer 8: material is PbIn5; Internal diameter is 10mm; Wall thickness is 0.25mm; Height is 10mm; Described transition metal layer 8 by 14 transition metal rings prolong stainless steel tube 9 be in turn connected form.
One, high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) jacket
1, wrapping structure
Wrapping structure as shown in Figure 1.In accompanying drawing 1, jacket constituent components comprises: vacuum canning shell 1, vacuum canning first outer end cap 2, vacuum canning first inner end cap 3, vacuum canning second inner end cap 4, vacuum canning second outer end cap 5, vacuum canning exhaust tube 6.In accompanying drawing 1, multiple tube constituent components has: aluminium-alloy pipe 7, transition metal layer 8, stainless steel tube 9.7 weld seams are had: jacket shell welds with the first outer end cap and forms vacuum canning first weld seam 10 in accompanying drawing 1 structure; First outer end cap and the welding of the first inner end cap form vacuum canning second weld seam 11; First inner end cap and stainless steel tube welding form vacuum canning the 3rd weld seam 12; Jacket shell and the welding of the second outer end cap form vacuum canning the 4th weld seam 13; Second outer end cap and the welding of the second inner end cap form vacuum canning the 5th weld seam 14; Second inner end cap is welded with stainless steel tube and is formed vacuum canning the 6th weld seam 15; Second outer end cap welds with jacket exhaust tube and forms vacuum canning the 7th weld seam 16.
2, jacket assembly material
Jacket assembly is made up of vacuum canning shell 1, vacuum canning first outer end cap 2, vacuum canning first inner end cap 3, vacuum canning second inner end cap 4, vacuum canning second outer end cap 5, vacuum canning exhaust tube 6 in accompanying drawing 1, the material of said modules all elects copper (Cu) as, require: purity is greater than 99.9wt%, oxygen content is less than 50ppm, and wall thickness is 3.0mm.
3, assemble welding tolerance
The fit-up gap of each assembly of jacket, each assembly of multiple tube all controls within 0.1mm.
4, jacket assembly pre-treatment
1. oil removing, dips in gasoline wiping oxygen-free copper part outer surface with absorbent cotton, uses degreaser for metals Ultrasonic Cleaning, and at 70 DEG C of temperature, cleaning 45min, uses deionized water rinsing after tap water again, and absolute ethyl alcohol dewaters;
2. Chemical cleaning, solution is formed: the mixed solution of the volume fraction difference concentrated sulfuric acid of 5% and the saturated ferrous sulfate aqueous solution of 95%, and scavenging period is 5min, then be the ammonia neutralization of 2% ~ 5% with mass fraction, a large amount of tap water, deionized water rinsing, absolute ethyl alcohol dewaters;
3. dewatered drying, at 60 DEG C of temperature, dries 30min;
4. heat treatment, hydrogen atmosphere, temperature is 600 DEG C, and the processing time is 3h, and dew point of hydrogen is-60 DEG C;
5, composite tubular assembly pre-treatment
1. acetone cleaning;
2. absolute ethyl alcohol dehydration;
3. dry, temperature is 60 DEG C, and drying time is 30min;
4. thermal vacuum degasification, vacuum is 5.0 × 10
-3pa, temperature is 280 DEG C, and the degasification time is 3 hours.
6, jacket assembles and welds
1. vacuum canning first inner end cap 3 assemble with stainless steel tube 9 and weld (vacuum canning the 3rd weld seam 12), vacuum canning second inner end cap 4 assemble with stainless steel tube 9 and weld (vacuum canning the 6th weld seam 15), vacuum canning second outer end cap 5 assembles with vacuum canning exhaust tube 6 and welds (vacuum canning the 7th weld seam 16).Welding procedure adopts vacuum brazing, and choice of solder AgCu28 solder, welding temperature 810 DEG C to 820 DEG C, temperature retention time 5min, vacuum is better than 10
-3pa;
2. the assembling (vacuum canning first weld seam 10, vacuum canning second weld seam 11, vacuum canning the 4th weld seam 13, vacuum canning the 5th weld seam 14) of the weldment of the weldment of vacuum canning first inner end cap 3-stainless steel tube 9-vacuum canning second inner end cap 4, vacuum canning second outer end cap 5-vacuum canning exhaust tube 6, vacuum canning first outer end cap 2, vacuum canning shell 1, transition metal layer 8, aluminium-alloy pipe 7.Welding procedure adopts electro-beam welding method, requires that weld penetration is not less than 0.5mm;
7, jacket thermal vacuum degasification
Thermal vacuum degassing process system: at 280 DEG C of temperature, vacuum is better than 10
-3pa, maintains 3 hours;
8, jacket sealing
After the degasification of jacket thermal vacuum terminates, adopt press-welding pliers to vacuum canning exhaust tube 6 pinched-off seal and port is welded.
Two, hip treatment
Carry out hip treatment to the multiple tube after vacuum canning, process system is: temperature is 280 DEG C, and pressure is 150MPa, and the heat-insulation pressure keeping time is 2.5 hours.
Three, adopt above-mentioned high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) jacket and sheathing process and reach following performance indications through aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe that heat iso-hydrostatic diffusion welding is shaping:
(1) in multiple tube, stainless steel tube 9 endoporus axis verticality is better than 0.15/300mm;
(2) multiple tube aluminium-stainless steel metallurgical interface Percentage bound is greater than 95%, and interface shear strength is greater than 20MPa;
(3) multiple tube is by random mechanical oscillation environmental test.Process of the test is with reference to Q/W 50.5A-2007 " spacecraft component environment test method the 5th part: vibration test ".After off-test outward appearance and faying face unchanged.
(4) multiple tube is by high temperature 87 DEG C, and thermal cycle, the high/low temperature of low temperature-60 DEG C store test and high temperature 265 DEG C, the thermal shock test that low temperature is 2 DEG C.After test terminates, multiple tube outward appearance is unchanged, and Surface bond rate is greater than 95%, and shear strength is greater than 20MPa.
Embodiment 2
Certain spacecraft heat control system condenser jacket of al stainless steel composite pipe hip moulding and jacket step.
Condenser multiple tube is formed:
Stainless steel tube 9: material is 304, external diameter is 6mm, and wall thickness is 0.8mm, length is 280mm;
Transition metal layer 8: material is Sn10Pb88Ag2; Internal diameter is 6mm; Wall thickness is 0.25mm; Height is 10mm; Described transition metal layer 8 by 27 transition metal rings prolong stainless steel tube 9 be in turn connected form.
Aluminium-alloy pipe 7: material is 6063, diameter of bore is 6.6mm, and long is 270mm, and outside diameter is greater than the maximum outside diameter of multiple tube odd-shaped cross section;
One, high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) jacket process
1, wrapping structure
Wrapping structure as shown in Figure 1.In accompanying drawing 1, jacket constituent components comprises: vacuum canning shell 1, vacuum canning first outer end cap 2, vacuum canning first inner end cap 3, vacuum canning second inner end cap 4, vacuum canning second outer end cap 5, vacuum canning exhaust tube 6.In accompanying drawing 1, multiple tube constituent components has: aluminium-alloy pipe 7, transition metal layer 8, stainless steel tube 9.7 weld seams are had: jacket shell welds with the first outer end cap and forms vacuum canning first weld seam 10 in accompanying drawing 1 structure; First outer end cap and the welding of the first inner end cap form vacuum canning second weld seam 11; First inner end cap and stainless steel tube welding form vacuum canning the 3rd weld seam 12; Jacket shell and the welding of the second outer end cap form vacuum canning the 4th weld seam 13; Second outer end cap and the welding of the second inner end cap form vacuum canning the 5th weld seam 14; Second inner end cap is welded with stainless steel tube and is formed vacuum canning the 6th weld seam 15; Second outer end cap welds with jacket exhaust tube and forms vacuum canning the 7th weld seam 16.
2, jacket assembly material
Jacket assembly is made up of vacuum canning shell 1, vacuum canning first outer end cap 2, vacuum canning first inner end cap 3, vacuum canning second inner end cap 4, vacuum canning second outer end cap 5, vacuum canning exhaust tube 6 in accompanying drawing 1, the material of said modules all elects copper (Cu) as, require: purity is greater than 99.9wt%, oxygen content is less than 50ppm, and wall thickness is 2.5mm.
3, assemble welding tolerance
The fit-up gap of each assembly of jacket, each assembly of multiple tube all controls within 0.10mm.
4, jacket assembly pre-treatment
1. oil removing, dips in gasoline wiping oxygen-free copper part outer surface with absorbent cotton, uses degreaser for metals Ultrasonic Cleaning, and at 70 DEG C of temperature, cleaning 45min, uses deionized water rinsing after tap water again, and absolute ethyl alcohol dewaters;
2. Chemical cleaning, solution is formed: the mixed solution of the volume fraction difference concentrated sulfuric acid of 5% and the saturated ferrous sulfate aqueous solution of 95%, and scavenging period 5min, then uses 2% ~ 5% ammonia neutralization, a large amount of tap water, deionized water rinsing, and absolute ethyl alcohol dewaters;
3. dewatered drying, at 60 DEG C, dries 30min;
4. heat treatment, hydrogen atmosphere, temperature is 600 DEG C, and the time is 3h, and dew point of hydrogen is-60 DEG C;
5, composite tubular assembly pre-treatment
1. acetone cleaning;
2. absolute ethyl alcohol dehydration;
3. dry, temperature is 60 DEG C, and the time is 30min;
4. thermal vacuum degasification, vacuum is 5.0 × 10
-3pa, temperature is 230 DEG C, and the degasification time is 3 hours.
6, jacket assembles and welds
1. vacuum canning first inner end cap 3 assemble with stainless steel tube 9 and weld (vacuum canning the 3rd weld seam 12), vacuum canning second inner end cap 4 assemble with stainless steel tube 9 and weld (vacuum canning the 6th weld seam 15), vacuum canning second outer end cap 5 assembles with vacuum canning exhaust tube 6 and welds (vacuum canning the 7th weld seam 16).Welding procedure adopts vacuum brazing, and choice of solder AgCu28 solder, welding temperature 810 DEG C to 820 DEG C, temperature retention time 5min, vacuum is better than 10
-3pa;
2. the assembling (vacuum canning first weld seam 10, vacuum canning second weld seam 11, vacuum canning the 4th weld seam 13, vacuum canning the 5th weld seam 14) of the weldment of the weldment of vacuum canning first inner end cap 3-stainless steel tube 9-vacuum canning second inner end cap 4, vacuum canning second outer end cap 5-vacuum canning exhaust tube 6, vacuum canning first outer end cap 2, vacuum canning shell 1, transition metal layer 8, aluminium-alloy pipe 7.Welding procedure adopts electro-beam welding method, requires that weld penetration is not less than 0.5mm;
7, jacket thermal vacuum degasification
Thermal vacuum degassing process system: at 230 DEG C of temperature, vacuum is better than 10
-3pa, maintains 3 hours;
8, jacket sealing
After the degasification of jacket thermal vacuum terminates, adopt press-welding pliers to vacuum canning exhaust tube 6 pinched-off seal and port is welded.
Two, hip treatment
Carry out hip treatment to the multiple tube after vacuum canning, process system is: temperature is 250 DEG C, and pressure is 150MPa, and the heat-insulation pressure keeping time is 2.5 hours.
Three, adopt above-mentioned high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) jacket and sheathing process and reach following performance indications through aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe that heat iso-hydrostatic diffusion welding is shaping:
(1) multiple tube stainless steel tube 9 endoporus axis verticality is better than 0.15/300mm;
(2) multiple tube aluminium-stainless steel metallurgical interface Percentage bound is greater than 95%, and interface shear strength is greater than 20MPa;
(3) multiple tube is by random mechanical oscillation environmental test.Process of the test is with reference to Q/W 50.5A-2007 " spacecraft component environment test method the 5th part: vibration test ".After off-test outward appearance and faying face unchanged.
(4) multiple tube is by high temperature 87 DEG C, and thermal cycle, the high/low temperature of low temperature-60 DEG C store test and high temperature 265 DEG C, the thermal shock test that low temperature is 2 DEG C.After test terminates, multiple tube outward appearance is unchanged, and Surface bond rate is greater than 95%, and shear strength is greater than 20MPa.
Claims (16)
1. for a cladding method for the hip moulding of aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe, it is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows:
1. jacket assembly is prepared;
2. the assembling pre-treatment of jacket assembly and aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe assembly;
3. jacket assembly and aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe assembly assembling with weld;
4. the degasification of gained jacket and sealing.
2. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described jacket assembly is made up of vacuum canning shell (1), vacuum canning first outer end cap (2), vacuum canning first inner end cap (3), vacuum canning second inner end cap (4), vacuum canning second outer end cap (5) and vacuum canning exhaust tube (6).
3. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the material of described jacket assembly is copper or silver, the purity of described copper or silver is greater than 99.9wt% respectively, and oxygen content is not more than 50ppm respectively.
4. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the wall thickness of each part of described jacket assembly is respectively 0.5mm to 5mm.
5. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the assembling pre-treating method of described jacket assembly is as follows: a. surface oxide layer is removed; B. oil removing is cleaned; C. dewater, dry; D. annealing in hydrogen atmosphere process or thermal vacuum degasification; E. protection is deposited.
6. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the method for the annealing in hydrogen atmosphere process of described jacket assembly process is: hydrogen atmosphere, treatment temperature is 350 DEG C ~ 700 DEG C, processing time is 2 ~ 5 hours, and dew point of hydrogen is-80 DEG C ~-40 DEG C; The thermal vacuum degasification method of described jacket assembly process is: be better than 5.0 × 10 in vacuum
-3under the condition of Pa, 350 DEG C ~ 700 DEG C, degasification 2 to 5 hours.
7. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the assembling pre-treating method of described aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe assembly is as follows: a. cleans oil removing; B. dewater, dry; C. thermal vacuum degasification; D. protection is deposited.
8. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the method for the thermal vacuum degasification of described aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe assembly process is: vacuum is better than 5.0 × 10
-3under Pa condition, 100 to 600 degree degasification 2 to 5 hours.
9. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described jacket assembly and aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe assembly are after assembling pre-treatment, fail assembling in time with when welding, deposit under needing vacuum condition, the vacuum of storage environment is better than 100Pa.
10. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when described jacket assembly and aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe component assembling, vacuum canning shell (1) is coated on aluminium-alloy pipe (7) outside; Inner layer stainless steel tube (9) two ends of described aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe are assembled with vacuum canning first inner end cap (3) and vacuum canning second inner end cap (4) respectively; Outer aluminium-alloy pipe (7) two ends of described aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe are assembled with vacuum canning first outer end cap (2) and vacuum canning second outer end cap (5) respectively; Described inner end cap and adjacent outer end cap are weldingly connected; Described outer end cap and adjacent vacuum canning shell (1) are weldingly connected; Vacuum canning blast pipe (6) and vacuum canning second outer end cap (5) are weldingly connected; Described vacuum canning blast pipe (6) communicates with the gap of jacket assembly and aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe assembly.
The cladding method of 11. a kind of hip mouldings for aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 10, is characterized in that: described welding adopt electron beam welding, plasma arc welding (PAW), argon arc welding, vacuum brazing or hydrogen shield soldering method complete; The weld penetration of wherein electron beam welding, plasma arc welding (PAW) and argon arc welding is all not less than 0.5mm, and the solder seam depth of cracking closure of vacuum brazing and hydrogen shield method for welding is all not less than 0.5mm.
The cladding method of 12. a kind of hip mouldings for aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 11, is characterized in that: high vacuum brazing materials selected by the solder of described vacuum brazing and hydrogen shield method for welding; Described high vacuum brazing materials are: AgCu, AgCuIn, AgCuPd, AgCuSn, AgCuNi, AuCu or AuNi system alloy material.
The cladding method of 13. a kind of hip mouldings for aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: each several part gap between described jacket assembly and aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe assembly is all not more than 0.10mm.
The cladding method of 14. a kind of hip mouldings for aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the degasification method of described jacket is: connect air extractor by jacket exhaust tube after gained jacket has welded, carry out thermal vacuum degasification in jacket.
The cladding method of 15. a kind of hip mouldings for aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 14, is characterized in that: described thermal vacuum degasification method is: under 100 to 600 degree conditions, jacket vacuum is better than 10
-3pa, maintains more than 2 hours.
The cladding method of 16. a kind of hip mouldings for aluminium-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the encapsulating method of described jacket is: after the degasification of jacket terminates, adopt press-welding pliers to vacuum canning blast pipe (6) pinched-off seal and weld port.
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