CN104226870B - A kind of cladding method of the hip moulding for aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe - Google Patents
A kind of cladding method of the hip moulding for aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to metallic composite preparing technical field, particularly to the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe. 1. specifically comprising the following steps that of the inventive method prepare jacket assembly; 2. the assembling pre-treatment of jacket assembly and aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly; 3. the assembling of jacket assembly and aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly with weld; 4. the degasification of gained jacket and sealing. The hip treatment process being wrapped in high temperature, high pressure of the present invention is capable of the isolation of set environment and set external environment, and keeps good sealing; It is capable of in hip treatment process argon pressure stepless action in each layer intermetallic interface of aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe material; After ensure that aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe material hip moulding, will not there is bigger deviation with form and position tolerance in the size of its rustless steel endoporus compared with before hip treatment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallic composite preparing technical field, particularly to the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe.
Background technology
The flexible heat pipe of spacecraft application, the single-phase and system such as diphasic liquids heat transfer loop, expandable type heat radiator working media flow pipe with store container, based on the consideration of intensity, the aspect such as anticorrosive, selected stainless steel. Additionally, heat collection (heat-transfer working medium evaporation) with distribute (heat-transfer working medium condensation) region, based on the consideration of heat transfer property Yu weight, design has been selected the aluminium material that light weight, good heat-transfer, specific heat capacity are big expand hot plate. The evaporation of heat control system heat-transfer working medium expands the heat flow density at hot plate interface up to several watts every square centimeter with condenser zone rustless steel shell and aluminium alloy, mechanical bond or the method such as thermal grease conduction, heat-conducting glue of filling all can not meet heat transfer property needs, and common soldering processes also are difficult to realize heat pipe package with the large area metallurgical binding expanding hot plate thus reaching efficient heat transfer purpose. It is prepare the evaporation for heat control system heat-transfer working medium of a kind of aluminium alloy and stainless composite pipe and condenser zone for the solution of the problems referred to above. The structure of this composite pipe is the flow pipe in stainless steel tube occupies as heat-transfer working medium, and aluminium-alloy pipe occupies outer as expanding hot plate. In addition this multiple tube also should meet following requirement: 1, and rustless steel and aluminium alloy interface are metallurgical binding; 2, metallurgical interface combination rate is more than 90%; 3, interface shear strength is more than 20MPa; 4, meet spacecraft product mechanics adaptability requirement, tested by random vibration environment. 5, meet spacecraft product thermo-environment adaptability requirement.
For aerospace craft flexible heat pipe, the requirement to lightweight, pressure, high capacity of heat transfer al stainless steel composite pipe of the single-phase and heat control system such as diphasic liquids heat transfer loop, expandable type heat radiator, such tubing is several possible preparation technology be described below: 1, casting technique.Design specialized casting mould stainless steel tube is core, the outer aluminum pipe cast molding of core. The shortcoming of this technique is aluminum liquid placing temperature higher (being generally greater than 680 DEG C), aluminum/rustless steel interface produces thicker intermetallic Fe-Al compound conversion zone, in cooling procedure, there is the penetrability cracking (thermal coefficient of expansion of aluminium alloy about 23.4 × 10 in this conversion zone under the effect of thermal stress-6/ DEG C, the thermal coefficient of expansion of austenitic stainless steel about 16.6 × 10-6/ DEG C, aluminum/rustless steel interface can produce bigger thermal stress in foundry goods cooling procedure) aluminum/rustless steel interface bond strength is relatively low; 2, welding procedure. The feature of this technique is to coordinate interface zone to fill the relatively low soft solder of fusing point and corresponding scaling powder at stainless steel tube with aluminum pipe, such as tinbase, lead-based solder. Aluminum/certain thickness solder layer in rustless steel interface, in the thermal stress realizing aluminum, rustless steel metallurgical interface can pass through the reduction of self deformation at yield while combining and elimination al stainless steel weldment produces in cooling procedure. Composite pipe al stainless steel interface bond strength prepared by this technique is higher, and the space flight mechanics adaptability of tubing, thermo-environment adaptability are better. The shortcoming of this technique is that solder solder generally need to coordinate scaling powder to use. Solder flux plays very important role in welding process, except playing the effect removed by weldering mother metal surface film oxide, also acts as the protective effect of welding surroundings. For aluminum/rustless steel tubing Material cladding (welding), the solder of cream solder (paste mixture of solder flux, solder etc.) or other forms can only be adopted to coordinate solder flux to carry out interface filling. In welding process, solder flux will produce a large amount of gas. Under the elongated interfacial structure form being similar to closing of multiple tube this kind, aerofluxus is extremely difficult, and interface gas pressure intensity increases, and liquid solder being made to extrude, thus causing that metallurgical interface combination rate (ratio of brazing area) is relatively low, being generally not more than 40%. 3, extrusion forming process. Stainless steel tube loads extruder recipient after assembling with aluminum base and carries out extruded. Extrusion forming process passes through each a certain amount of deformation of aluminum, stainless steel tube interface zone, and the two unsalted surface realizes metallurgical interface under the effect of higher temperature, relatively greatly vertically compressive stress and combines and have higher combination rate. The shortcoming of this technique is can not accurately to control the deformation quantity of stainless steel tube in extrusion process, causes that the wall thickness of stainless steel tube, endoporus circularity, coaxiality of inner hole equidimension deviate. 4, drawing moulding process is that aluminum pipe is fixed constraint, and stainless steel tube is drawn at aluminum pipe endoporus. If realizing the metallurgical binding of aluminum and rustless steel interface, aluminum, rustless steel interface zone must have bigger deformation quantity and expose unsalted surface and just can realize under the action of compressive stress that interface vertical direction is bigger. The shortcoming of this technique is that the aluminum pipe of fixed constraint can not produce bigger deformation and bigger deformation and produces to have a strong impact on tolerance to the wall thickness of stainless steel tube, endoporus circularity, coaxiality of inner hole equidimension. 5, heat iso-hydrostatic diffusion welding moulding process. These technique concrete operations are multiple tube constituent components (stainless steel tube, interface transition layer metal, aluminum pipe) and jacket constituent components to be assembled, weld and vacuum sealing, then being put into by jacket in hot isostatic apparatus and carry out heat treatment, multiple tube three-layer metal interface realizes diffusion bond under high pressure, high temperature, high vacuum environment. This moulding process specifically has following characteristics:
(1) high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) is gas pressure, is exerted pressure as hydrostatic pressure, applies pressure to multiple tube three-layer metal interface by jacket, and this technique is especially suitable for the Material cladding of tubing version, it may be achieved the Interface composites rate of 90～100%;
(2) high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) pressure mode is very beneficial for improving the stress state at multiple tube three-layer metal interface, improves interface plastic deformation ability;
(3) heat and other static pressuring processes parameter such as temperature, pressure, time etc. can adjust flexibly, it is appreciated that in the material structure form controlling combination interface.
The task of the present invention is to develop a kind of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) jacket and sheathing process for spacecraft thermal control al stainless steel composite pipe hip moulding. This is wrapped in high temperature, hot high pressure isostatic pressed processing procedure and is capable of set environment and the isolation overlapping external environment, and keeps good sealing; It is capable of in hip treatment process argon pressure by jacket stepless action each layer intermetallic interface of composite pipe in set; After ensure that composite pipe hip moulding, will not there is bigger deviation with form and position tolerance in the size of its rustless steel endoporus compared with before hip treatment.
Summary of the invention
For the hip moulding problem of spacecraft thermal control aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe material, the invention provides the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe.
The cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe, it specifically comprises the following steps that
1. jacket assembly is prepared;
2. the assembling pre-treatment of jacket assembly and aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly;
3. the assembling of jacket assembly and aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly with weld;
4. the degasification of gained jacket and sealing.
Described jacket assembly includes: vacuum canning shell, vacuum canning the first outer end cap, vacuum canning the first inner end cap, vacuum canning the second inner end cap, vacuum canning the second outer end cap and vacuum canning exhaust tube.
Described aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly includes: aluminium-alloy pipe, transition metal and stainless steel tube.
The material of described jacket assembly is copper or silver, and the purity of described copper or silver is respectively greater than 99.9wt%, and oxygen content is not more than 50ppm respectively. Copper, silver metal that purity is higher have relatively low yield strength and good plastic deformation ability. The present invention utilizes the These characteristics of copper, ag material, it can be used as jacket assembly material. In hot isostatic pressing, medium argon pressure passes through copper or silver jacket stepless action in aluminum, transition metal and rustless steel three-layer metal interface. Additionally, due to copper, the good plastic deformation ability of silver, make to be wrapped in the sealing occurring still to maintain set environment when relatively large deformation.
For maintaining isolation and good deformability, the wall thickness respectively 0.5mm to 5mm of the described each ingredient of jacket assembly of the inside and outside environment of jacket in hip treatment process.
The assembling pre-treating method of described jacket assembly is as follows: a. surface oxide layer is removed; B. oil removing is cleaned; C. dehydration, drying; D. annealing in hydrogen atmosphere processes or thermal vacuum degasification; E. protection is deposited. To be purification assembly surface degassed with assembly high-temperature soft annealing, assembly for jacket assembly assembling annealing in hydrogen atmosphere and the main purpose of thermal vacuum degasification pre-treatment.
The annealing in hydrogen atmosphere of described jacket assembly process processes process system: heat treatment under hydrogen atmosphere, and treatment temperature is 350 DEG C～700 DEG C, and the process time is 2 to 5 hours, and dew point of hydrogen is-80 DEG C～-40 DEG C; The thermal vacuum degasification method of described jacket assembly process is: be better than 5.0 × 10 in vacuum-3When Pa, 350 DEG C～700 DEG C, degasification 2 to 5 hours.
The assembling pre-treating method of described aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly is as follows: a. cleans oil removing;B. dehydration, drying; C. thermal vacuum degasification; D. protection is deposited. The main purpose of aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly assembling degassed pre-treatment of thermal vacuum is, aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly degree of depth is degassed, and in minimizing hot isostatic pressing, gas escaped quantity in jacket, maintains higher vacuum in jacket.
The method of the thermal vacuum degasification of described aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly process is: vacuum is better than 5.0 × 10-3When Pa, 100 to 600 degrees Celsius of degasification 2 to 5 hours.
Described jacket assembly and aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly, after assembling pre-treatment, fail assembling in time and when welding, need to deposit under vacuum condition, and the vacuum of storage environment is better than 100Pa.
When described jacket assembly and aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly assembling, vacuum canning shell is coated on outside aluminium-alloy pipe; The inner layer stainless steel tube two ends of described aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe are assembled with vacuum canning the first inner end cap and vacuum canning the second inner end cap respectively; The outer layer aluminium-alloy pipe two ends of described aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe are assembled with vacuum canning the first outer end cap and vacuum canning the second outer end cap respectively; Described inner end cap is weldingly connected with adjacent outer end cap; Described outer end cap is weldingly connected with adjacent vacuum canning shell; Vacuum canning exhaust tube and vacuum canning the second outer end cap are weldingly connected; Described vacuum canning exhaust tube communicates with the gap of jacket assembly and aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly.
Described welding adopts the method for electron beam welding, plasma arc welding (PAW), argon arc welding, vacuum brazing or hydrogen shield soldering to complete; The weld penetration of wherein electron beam welding, plasma arc welding (PAW) and argon arc welding is all not less than 0.5mm, and the solder seam depth of cracking closure of vacuum brazing and hydrogen shield method for welding is all not less than 0.5mm.
High vacuum brazing materials selected by the solder of described vacuum brazing and hydrogen shield method for welding; Described high vacuum brazing materials are: AgCu, AgCuIn, AgCuPd, AgCuSn, AgCuNi, AuCu or AuNi system alloy material.
Each several part gap between described jacket assembly and aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly is no more than 0.10mm. The control of fit-up gap has two aspect demands, and one is meet jacket welding requirements; Two are, hip treatment process is the process eliminating jacket and each assembly fit-up gap of aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe, less fit-up gap can make jacket and aluminum-each assembly of rustless steel compound after high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) completes, deformation quantity is less, advantageously ensures that size and the form and position tolerance precision of aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe (stainless steel tube) endoporus.
The degasification method of described jacket is: after gained jacket has welded, and connects air extractor by vacuum canning exhaust tube, to carrying out thermal vacuum degasification in jacket. The main purpose of this operation is the gas escaped quantity reduced in heat treatment process in jacket further, maintains vacuum higher in jacket.
Described thermal vacuum degasification method is: under 100 to 600 degrees celsius, jacket vacuum is better than 10-3Pa, maintains more than 2 hours.
The encapsulating method of described jacket is: after the degasification of jacket terminates, and adopts press-welding pliers to vacuum canning exhaust tube pinched-off seal weld port.
The invention have the benefit that
1, being capable of the isolation in the whole process of hip treatment of the jacket inside and outside environment, jacket keeps good sealing;
2, it is capable of in hip treatment process argon medium pressure by jacket stepless action each layer intermetallic interface of multiple tube in set;
3, ensure that multiple tube is after hip treatment, there is not bigger deviation with form and position tolerance in the size of its rustless steel endoporus compared with before hip treatment;
4, except for spacecraft thermal control al stainless steel composite pipe shaping, the composite molding of other bimetallic tubing is applied also for.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the present invention wrapping structure schematic diagram for the hip moulding of aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe;
Number in the figure: 1-vacuum canning shell; 2-vacuum canning the first outer end cap; 3-vacuum canning the first inner end cap; 4-vacuum canning the second inner end cap; 5-vacuum canning the second outer end cap; 6-vacuum canning exhaust tube; 7-aluminium-alloy pipe; 8-transition metal layer; 9-stainless steel tube; 10-vacuum canning the first weld seam; 11-vacuum canning the second weld seam; 12-vacuum canning the 3rd weld seam; 13-vacuum canning the 4th weld seam; 14-vacuum canning the 5th weld seam; 15-vacuum canning the 6th weld seam; 16-vacuum canning the 7th weld seam.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention provides the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
The jacket of certain spacecraft heat control system vaporizer aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe material hip moulding and jacket step.
Vaporizer aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly is constituted:
Aluminium-alloy pipe 7: material is 3A21, diameter of bore is 10.6mm, and long is 140mm, and outside diameter is more than the maximum outside diameter of multiple tube odd-shaped cross section;
Stainless steel tube 9: material is 316L, external diameter is 10mm, and hole size is M8 × 0.5mm, grows for 150mm;
Transition metal layer 8: material is PbIn5; Internal diameter is 10mm; Wall thickness is 0.25mm; Height is 10mm; Described transition metal layer 8 is prolonged stainless steel tube 9 and is sequentially connected and constitutes by 14 transition metal rings.
One, high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) jacket
1, wrapping structure
Wrapping structure is as shown in Figure 1. In accompanying drawing 1, jacket constituent components includes: vacuum canning shell 1, vacuum canning the first outer end cap 2, vacuum canning the first inner end cap 3, vacuum canning the second inner end cap 4, vacuum canning the second outer end cap 5, vacuum canning exhaust tube 6. In accompanying drawing 1, multiple tube constituent components has: aluminium-alloy pipe 7, transition metal layer 8, stainless steel tube 9. Accompanying drawing 1 structure has 7 weld seams: jacket shell and the welding of the first outer end cap form vacuum canning the first weld seam 10; First outer end cap and the welding of the first inner end cap form vacuum canning the second weld seam 11; First inner end cap and stainless steel tube welding form vacuum canning the 3rd weld seam 12; Jacket shell and the welding of the second outer end cap form vacuum canning the 4th weld seam 13; Second outer end cap and the welding of the second inner end cap form vacuum canning the 5th weld seam 14; Second inner end cap welds formation vacuum canning the 6th weld seam 15 with stainless steel tube; Second outer end cap welds formation vacuum canning the 7th weld seam 16 with jacket exhaust tube.
2, jacket assembly material
Jacket assembly is made up of vacuum canning shell 1, vacuum canning the first outer end cap 2, vacuum canning the first inner end cap 3, vacuum canning the second inner end cap 4, vacuum canning the second outer end cap 5, vacuum canning exhaust tube 6 in accompanying drawing 1, the material of said modules all elects copper (Cu) as, require: purity is more than 99.9wt%, oxygen content is less than 50ppm, and wall thickness is 3.0mm.
3, assemble welding tolerance
The each assembly of jacket, each assembly of multiple tube fit-up gap all control within 0.1mm.
4, jacket assembly pre-treatment
1. oil removing, dips in gasoline wiping oxygen-free copper part outer surface with absorbent cotton, uses degreaser for metals ultrasonic waves for cleaning, at 70 DEG C of temperature, cleans 45min, again with deionized water rinsing, dehydrated alcohol dehydration after tap water;
2. Chemical cleaning, solution is constituted: the mixed solution of the concentrated sulphuric acid of volume fraction difference 5% and the saturated ferrous sulfate aqueous solution of 95%, and scavenging period is 5min, then neutralize with the ammonia that mass fraction is 2%～5%, a large amount of tap water, deionized water rinsing, dehydrated alcohol dehydration;
3. dewatered drying, at 60 DEG C of temperature, dries 30min;
4. heat treatment, hydrogen atmosphere, temperature is 600 DEG C, and the process time is 3h, and dew point of hydrogen is-60 DEG C;
5, composite tubular assembly pre-treatment
1. acetone cleans;
2. dehydrated alcohol dehydration;
3. drying, temperature is 60 DEG C, and drying time is 30min;
4. thermal vacuum degasification, vacuum is 5.0 × 10-3Pa, temperature is 280 DEG C, and the degasification time is 3 hours.
6, jacket assembles and welds
1. vacuum canning the first inner end cap 3 assembles with stainless steel tube 9 and welds (vacuum canning the 3rd weld seam 12), vacuum canning the second inner end cap 4 assembles with stainless steel tube 9 and weld (vacuum canning the 6th weld seam 15), vacuum canning the second outer end cap 5 assembles with vacuum canning exhaust tube 6 and weld (vacuum canning the 7th weld seam 16). Welding procedure adopts vacuum brazing, and choice of solder AgCu28 solder, welding temperature 810 DEG C to 820 DEG C, temperature retention time 5min, vacuum is better than 10-3Pa;
2. the assembling (vacuum canning the first weld seam 10, vacuum canning the second weld seam 11, vacuum canning the 4th weld seam 13, vacuum canning the 5th weld seam 14) of the weldment of vacuum canning the first inner end cap 3-stainless steel tube 9-vacuum canning the second inner end cap 4, the weldment of vacuum canning the second outer end cap 5-vacuum canning exhaust tube 6, vacuum canning the first outer end cap 2, vacuum canning shell 1, transition metal layer 8, aluminium-alloy pipe 7. Welding procedure adopts electro-beam welding method, it is desirable to weld penetration is not less than 0.5mm;
7, jacket thermal vacuum degasification
Thermal vacuum degassing process system: at 280 DEG C of temperature, vacuum is better than 10-3Pa, maintains 3 hours;
8, jacket seals
After jacket thermal vacuum degasification terminates, adopt press-welding pliers to vacuum canning exhaust tube 6 pinched-off seal and to port welding.
Two, hip treatment
Multiple tube after vacuum canning is carried out hip treatment, and process system is: temperature is 280 DEG C, and pressure is 150MPa, and the heat-insulation pressure keeping time is 2.5 hours.
Three, adopt above-mentioned high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) jacket and sheathing process and reach following performance indications through the aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe of heat iso-hydrostatic diffusion welding molding:
(1) in multiple tube, stainless steel tube 9 endoporus axis verticality is better than 0.15/300mm;
(2) multiple tube aluminum-rustless steel metallurgical interface combination rate is more than 95%, and interface shear strength is more than 20MPa;
(3) multiple tube is by random mechanical vibration environmental test. Process of the test is with reference to Q/W50.5A-2007 " spacecraft component environment test method the 5th part: vibration test ". After off-test, outward appearance and faying face are unchanged.
(4) multiple tube passes through high temperature 87 DEG C, the thermal cycle of low temperature-60 DEG C, high/low temperature storage test and high temperature 265 DEG C, the thermal shock test that low temperature is 2 DEG C. After test terminates, multiple tube outward appearance is unchanged, and Surface bond rate is more than 95%, and shear strength is more than 20MPa.
Embodiment 2
Certain spacecraft heat control system condenser jacket of al stainless steel composite pipe hip moulding and jacket step.
Condenser multiple tube is constituted:
Stainless steel tube 9: material is 304, external diameter is 6mm, and wall thickness is 0.8mm, grows for 280mm;
Transition metal layer 8: material is Sn10Pb88Ag2;Internal diameter is 6mm; Wall thickness is 0.25mm; Height is 10mm; Described transition metal layer 8 is prolonged stainless steel tube 9 and is sequentially connected and constitutes by 27 transition metal rings.
Aluminium-alloy pipe 7: material is 6063, diameter of bore is 6.6mm, and long is 270mm, and outside diameter is more than the maximum outside diameter of multiple tube odd-shaped cross section;
One, high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) jacket process
1, wrapping structure
Wrapping structure is as shown in Figure 1. In accompanying drawing 1, jacket constituent components includes: vacuum canning shell 1, vacuum canning the first outer end cap 2, vacuum canning the first inner end cap 3, vacuum canning the second inner end cap 4, vacuum canning the second outer end cap 5, vacuum canning exhaust tube 6. In accompanying drawing 1, multiple tube constituent components has: aluminium-alloy pipe 7, transition metal layer 8, stainless steel tube 9. Accompanying drawing 1 structure has 7 weld seams: jacket shell and the welding of the first outer end cap form vacuum canning the first weld seam 10; First outer end cap and the welding of the first inner end cap form vacuum canning the second weld seam 11; First inner end cap and stainless steel tube welding form vacuum canning the 3rd weld seam 12; Jacket shell and the welding of the second outer end cap form vacuum canning the 4th weld seam 13; Second outer end cap and the welding of the second inner end cap form vacuum canning the 5th weld seam 14; Second inner end cap welds formation vacuum canning the 6th weld seam 15 with stainless steel tube; Second outer end cap welds formation vacuum canning the 7th weld seam 16 with jacket exhaust tube.
2, jacket assembly material
Jacket assembly is made up of vacuum canning shell 1, vacuum canning the first outer end cap 2, vacuum canning the first inner end cap 3, vacuum canning the second inner end cap 4, vacuum canning the second outer end cap 5, vacuum canning exhaust tube 6 in accompanying drawing 1, the material of said modules all elects copper (Cu) as, require: purity is more than 99.9wt%, oxygen content is less than 50ppm, and wall thickness is 2.5mm.
3, assemble welding tolerance
The each assembly of jacket, each assembly of multiple tube fit-up gap all control within 0.10mm.
4, jacket assembly pre-treatment
1. oil removing, dips in gasoline wiping oxygen-free copper part outer surface with absorbent cotton, uses degreaser for metals ultrasonic waves for cleaning, at 70 DEG C of temperature, cleans 45min, again with deionized water rinsing, dehydrated alcohol dehydration after tap water;
2. Chemical cleaning, solution is constituted: the mixed solution of the concentrated sulphuric acid of volume fraction difference 5% and the saturated ferrous sulfate aqueous solution of 95%, and then scavenging period 5min neutralizes with 2%～5% ammonia, a large amount of tap water, deionized water rinsing, dehydrated alcohol dehydration;
3. dewatered drying, at 60 DEG C, dries 30min;
4. heat treatment, hydrogen atmosphere, temperature is 600 DEG C, and the time is 3h, and dew point of hydrogen is-60 DEG C;
5, composite tubular assembly pre-treatment
1. acetone cleans;
2. dehydrated alcohol dehydration;
3. drying, temperature is 60 DEG C, and the time is 30min;
4. thermal vacuum degasification, vacuum is 5.0 × 10-3Pa, temperature is 230 DEG C, and the degasification time is 3 hours.
6, jacket assembles and welds
1. vacuum canning the first inner end cap 3 assembles with stainless steel tube 9 and welds (vacuum canning the 3rd weld seam 12), vacuum canning the second inner end cap 4 assembles with stainless steel tube 9 and weld (vacuum canning the 6th weld seam 15), vacuum canning the second outer end cap 5 assembles with vacuum canning exhaust tube 6 and weld (vacuum canning the 7th weld seam 16). Welding procedure adopts vacuum brazing, and choice of solder AgCu28 solder, welding temperature 810 DEG C to 820 DEG C, temperature retention time 5min, vacuum is better than 10-3Pa;
2. the assembling (vacuum canning the first weld seam 10, vacuum canning the second weld seam 11, vacuum canning the 4th weld seam 13, vacuum canning the 5th weld seam 14) of the weldment of vacuum canning the first inner end cap 3-stainless steel tube 9-vacuum canning the second inner end cap 4, the weldment of vacuum canning the second outer end cap 5-vacuum canning exhaust tube 6, vacuum canning the first outer end cap 2, vacuum canning shell 1, transition metal layer 8, aluminium-alloy pipe 7.Welding procedure adopts electro-beam welding method, it is desirable to weld penetration is not less than 0.5mm;
7, jacket thermal vacuum degasification
Thermal vacuum degassing process system: at 230 DEG C of temperature, vacuum is better than 10-3Pa, maintains 3 hours;
8, jacket seals
After jacket thermal vacuum degasification terminates, adopt press-welding pliers to vacuum canning exhaust tube 6 pinched-off seal and to port welding.
Two, hip treatment
Multiple tube after vacuum canning is carried out hip treatment, and process system is: temperature is 250 DEG C, and pressure is 150MPa, and the heat-insulation pressure keeping time is 2.5 hours.
Three, adopt above-mentioned high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) jacket and sheathing process and reach following performance indications through the aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe of heat iso-hydrostatic diffusion welding molding:
(1) multiple tube stainless steel tube 9 endoporus axis verticality is better than 0.15/300mm;
(2) multiple tube aluminum-rustless steel metallurgical interface combination rate is more than 95%, and interface shear strength is more than 20MPa;
(3) multiple tube is by random mechanical vibration environmental test. Process of the test is with reference to Q/W50.5A-2007 " spacecraft component environment test method the 5th part: vibration test ". After off-test, outward appearance and faying face are unchanged.
(4) multiple tube passes through high temperature 87 DEG C, the thermal cycle of low temperature-60 DEG C, high/low temperature storage test and high temperature 265 DEG C, the thermal shock test that low temperature is 2 DEG C. After test terminates, multiple tube outward appearance is unchanged, and Surface bond rate is more than 95%, and shear strength is more than 20MPa.
Claims (14)
1. the cladding method for the hip moulding of aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps that
1. jacket assembly is prepared; Described jacket assembly is made up of vacuum canning shell (1), vacuum canning the first outer end cap (2), vacuum canning the first inner end cap (3), vacuum canning the second inner end cap (4), vacuum canning the second outer end cap (5) and vacuum canning exhaust tube (6);
2. the assembling pre-treatment of jacket assembly and aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly;
3. the assembling of jacket assembly and aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly with weld;
When described jacket assembly and aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly assembling, vacuum canning shell (1) is coated on aluminium-alloy pipe (7) outside; Inner layer stainless steel tube (9) two ends of described aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe are assembled with vacuum canning the first inner end cap (3) and vacuum canning the second inner end cap (4) respectively; Outer layer aluminium-alloy pipe (7) two ends of described aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe are assembled with vacuum canning the first outer end cap (2) and vacuum canning the second outer end cap (5) respectively; Described inner end cap is weldingly connected with adjacent outer end cap; Described outer end cap is weldingly connected with adjacent vacuum canning shell (1); Vacuum canning exhaust tube (6) and vacuum canning the second outer end cap (5) are weldingly connected; Described vacuum canning exhaust tube (6) communicates with the gap of jacket assembly and aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly;
4. the degasification of gained jacket and sealing.
2. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the material of described jacket assembly is copper or silver, the purity of described copper or silver is respectively greater than 99.9wt%, and oxygen content is not more than 50ppm respectively.
3. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the wall thickness respectively 0.5mm to 5mm of the described each ingredient of jacket assembly.
4. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the assembling pre-treating method of described jacket assembly is as follows: a. surface oxide layer is removed;B. oil removing is cleaned; C. dehydration, drying; D. annealing in hydrogen atmosphere processes or thermal vacuum degasification; E. protection is deposited.
5. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the method that the annealing in hydrogen atmosphere of described jacket assembly process processes is: hydrogen atmosphere, treatment temperature is 350 DEG C～700 DEG C, the process time is 2～5 hours, and dew point of hydrogen is-80 DEG C～-40 DEG C; The thermal vacuum degasification method of described jacket assembly process is: be better than 5.0 × 10 in vacuum-3When Pa, 350 DEG C～700 DEG C, degasification 2 to 5 hours.
6. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the assembling pre-treating method of described aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly is as follows: a. cleans oil removing; B. dehydration, drying; C. thermal vacuum degasification; D. protection is deposited.
7. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the method for the thermal vacuum degasification of described aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly process is: vacuum is better than 5.0 × 10-3When Pa, 100 to 600 DEG C of degasification 2 to 5 hours.
8. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described jacket assembly and aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly are after assembling pre-treatment, fail in time assembling with when welding, needing to deposit under vacuum condition, the vacuum of storage environment is better than 100Pa.
9. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described welding adopts the method for electron beam welding, plasma arc welding (PAW), argon arc welding, vacuum brazing or hydrogen shield soldering to complete; The weld penetration of wherein electron beam welding, plasma arc welding (PAW) and argon arc welding is all not less than 0.5mm, and the solder seam depth of cracking closure of vacuum brazing and hydrogen shield method for welding is all not less than 0.5mm.
10. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: high vacuum brazing materials selected by the solder of described vacuum brazing and hydrogen shield method for welding; Described high vacuum brazing materials are: AgCu, AgCuIn, AgCuPd, AgCuSn, AgCuNi, AuCu or AuNi system alloy material.
11. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: each several part gap between described jacket assembly and aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe assembly is no more than 0.10mm.
12. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the degasification method of described jacket is: gained jacket connects air extractor by vacuum canning exhaust tube (6) after having welded, to carrying out thermal vacuum degasification in jacket.
13. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 12, it is characterised in that: described thermal vacuum degasification method is: under 100 to 600 degrees celsius, jacket vacuum is better than 10-3Pa, maintains more than 2 hours.
14. the cladding method of a kind of hip moulding for aluminum-stainless steel composite pipe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the encapsulating method of described jacket is: after the degasification of jacket terminates, adopt press-welding pliers to vacuum canning exhaust tube (6) pinched-off seal weld port.
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| GB2549785A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2017-11-01 | Advanced Interactive Mat Science Ltd | Methods and apparatus for hot isostatic pressing |
| CN108247164B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2020-08-21 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Medium-frequency multi-section heating packaging method for vacuum casing pipe |
| JP7430702B2 (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2024-02-13 | ボディコート アイエムティ インコーポレイテッド | How to make capsules for hot isostatic pressing |
| CN111024462A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-04-17 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Sample design and experiment method for realizing high hydrostatic pressure and accurate temperature measurement and control |
| CN109277575A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-29 | 北京航空航天大学 | Jacket is used in a kind of forming of annular element hot isostatic pressing |
| CN113458737B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2023-04-25 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Hot isostatic pressing preparation process of double-wall cooling pipe suitable for fusion reactor cladding |
| CN114107918B (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2023-09-08 | 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 | Cold isostatic pressing binding method of high-purity aluminum rotary target |
| CN114043065B (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2023-01-13 | 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 | Hot isostatic pressing diffusion welding method for aluminum rotary target |
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| CN1785587A (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2006-06-14 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Preparation method of Cu/Ta/Cu composite tube |
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