CN104191057B - A kind of preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting Download PDFInfo
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- CN104191057B CN104191057B CN201410398348.0A CN201410398348A CN104191057B CN 104191057 B CN104191057 B CN 104191057B CN 201410398348 A CN201410398348 A CN 201410398348A CN 104191057 B CN104191057 B CN 104191057B
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- brazing filler
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/08—Soldering by means of dipping in molten solder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/06—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering making use of vibrations, e.g. supersonic vibrations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/19—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting, the method has adopted the porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy that is filled with brazing filler metal alloy, by composite soldering layer is formed between hard mother metal in advance, then make to be filled in the brazing filler metal alloy fusing in porous metallic layers by heating, again the tool heads of ultrasonic vibration installation is acted on to mother metal surface and apply the ultrasonic vibration of certain pressure and certain hour, complete brazing process. While preparing soldered fitting by the method, dystectic porous metals can be played a supporting role to brazed seam layer in brazing process, avoided liquid phase brazing filler metal alloy under ultrasonic vibration effect by excessive extruding, therefore can realize the preparation of large fusion face soldered fitting; In addition, in brazed seam layer, the existence of porous metallic layers can reduce the thermal coefficient of expansion of brazed seam layer, can also increase the intensity of linkage interface between brazed seam layer and brazed seam layer and mother metal.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soldering tech field, be specifically related to a kind of system of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fittingPreparation Method.
Background technology
What commercial Application required improves constantly, and the continuing to bring out of new material, and has proposed higher to the interconnection technique of materialRequirement. Soldering processes are a kind of very promising material methods of attachment. But, be subject to brazing filler metal alloy intensity ownImpact, soldered fitting conventionally lost efficacy in brazed seam layer under load, and in joint between mother metal and brazing filler metal alloy conventionallyThere is lower bond strength. In addition, traditional soldering processes conventionally need to use brazing flux or carry out under protective atmosphere,Be difficult to obtain the soldered fitting of large fusion face, high seam rate.
In recent years, ultrasonic technique has had more research in the brazing field of material. Ul-trasonic irradiation is in liquid phase brazed seamIn layer time, can in brazing filler metal alloy, form a series of phonochemistry, sound physical effect, they can impel liquid phase solder without prickerIn agent situation, mother metal surface is soaked, and can be optimized brazed seam layer microscopic structure. By ultrasonic brazing technique energyPrepare the soldered fitting of large fusion face, and joint has higher seam rate. But it is aobvious that ultrasonic wave improves brazed seam layerMicro-tissue is to be based upon on the basis of continuous corrosion mother metal, and the ultrasonic vibration time that conventionally need to be longer when soldering, this willCause the integrally-built inhomogeneities of brazed seam layer, also easily cause the corrosion perforation of mother metal. Therefore, be necessary before solderingJust improve the intensity of brazed seam layer, thereby optimize the performance of soldered fitting.
A large amount of researchs show, can strengthen mutually the power of alloy by insert micro-nano granules or fiber reinforcement in alloyLearn performance. But the uniformity of particulates reinforcements in composite is to be difficult to ensure, especially closes when particle strengthensWhen gold is used to brazing filler metal alloy, wild phase can produce floating or lower floor because of the reason of gravity in the brazing filler metal alloy of melting,And reunite. The composite being evenly distributed in order to obtain wild phase, one comparatively successfully method is, by with no pressureInfiltrate or have the method for the infiltration of pressing that molten alloy is packed in porous ceramics or refractory metal, thereby preparing enhancingThe high-performance composite materials that are evenly distributed mutually. Can imagine, in traditional soldering processes (non-ultrasonic assistant brazing),If adopt this porous matrix compound solder alloy to carry out soldering, the brazing filler metal alloy of melting is to be difficult to realize and filling on mother metal surfacePoint wetting and spreading. Although the intensity of joint brazed seam layer can improve, the seam rate of joint is difficult to be guaranteed,The overall mechanical property of joint is still poor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting, the partyMethod can make large fusion face, high seam rate, high-intensity soldered fitting.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloyThe preparation method of soldered fitting, comprises and prepares compound solder alloy step and ultrasonic assistant brazing step, wherein saidCompound solder alloy step comprises:
A1, choose porous metals matrix, after cleaning, porous metals matrix is immersed to temperature lower than porous metal matrix bulk melting pointIn molten solder alloy;
After A2, immersion, take out porous metals matrix, make the porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy that brazing filler metal alloy is filled;
Described ultrasonic assistant brazing step comprises:
B1, porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy is placed between two mother metals to be welded and forms soldered fitting to be welded, by be weldedSoldered fitting is fixed, and the porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy of soldered fitting to be welded is heated and makes to be filled in porous goldBelong to the brazing filler metal alloy fusing in matrix;
B2, the tool heads of Vltrasonic device is acted on the surface of one of them mother metal and applied pressure, after ultrasonic endContinue to keep pressure, while solidifying completely to brazing filler metal alloy, form soldered fitting, complete brazing process.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting:
The thickness of porous metals matrix described in steps A 1 is preferably 10～500 μ m.
Two mother metals to be welded described in step B1 can be identical material material or unlike material material.
The material of two described mother metals to be welded is preferably ceramic material, metal material or metal-base composites.
That the shape of two mother metals to be welded described in step B1 is preferably is tabular, sheet, bar-shaped or tubulose.
Mode of heating in step B1 is preferably resistance heated, flame heating, eddy-current heating or Hot-blast Heating.
While heating in step B1, the temperature of brazed seam layer porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy is higher than the temperature of brazing filler metal alloy fusing pointDegree but lower than the temperature of porous metal matrix bulk melting point.
Preferably, while heating in step B1, the temperature of brazed seam layer porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy is higher than brazing filler metal alloy5～300 DEG C of fusing points, but lower than the fusing point of porous metals matrix.
In step B2, the vibration frequency of ultrasonic vibration installation is preferably 10～70kHz, and amplitude is preferably 8～60 μ m, to motherMaterial applied pressure is preferably 0.1～5MPa, and the ultrasonic vibration time is preferably 0.5～200s.
In step B2, ultrasonic vibration direction is preferably perpendicular to the surface of described mother metal or is parallel to the surface of described mother metal.
The inventive method has adopted the porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy that is filled with brazing filler metal alloy, by by composite solderingLayer is formed between hard mother metal in advance, then makes to be filled in the brazing filler metal alloy fusing in porous metallic layers by heating, then will surpassThe tool heads of acoustic vibration device acts on mother metal surface and applies the ultrasonic vibration of certain pressure and certain hour, completes solderingProcess.
The inventive method is more suitable for the soldering between hard material, and especially low temperature brazing, high-temperature service, between hard mother metalSoldering.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) existence of porous metals matrix in compound solder alloy, can strengthen the intensity of joint solder layer, reduces brazed seamThe thermal coefficient of expansion of layer;
(2), in brazing process, the porous metal matrix physical efficiency in compound solder alloy is that the metallurgical interface under sound field reflecting is anti-Raw material should be provided, thereby change the phase composition of joint interface layer, and the combination that improves linkage interface between solder layer and mother metalIntensity;
(3) adopt ultrasonic assistant brazing, can promote the filling of liquid phase brazing filler metal alloy in porous metallic layers, and can urgeMetallurgical interface between feed liquor phase brazing filler metal alloy and porous metals matrix reacts, this will cause in brazed seam layer brazing filler metal alloy withThe formation of pyroreaction phase between porous metals matrix, thus the high-temperature stability of joint likely improved;
(4), in ultrasonic brazing process, the porous metal matrix physical efficiency in joint brazed seam layer is played a supporting role to brazed seam, fromAnd avoid liquid phase brazing filler metal alloy by excessive extruding, and realize the system of large fusion face, high seam rate, solder without soldering acid jointStandby;
(5), in the time adopting the ferrimagnets such as Ni, Fe as porous metals matrix, coordinate induction heating mode to dockThe solder layer of head carries out part, Fast Heating, and Under Ultrasonic Vibration kinetic energy is realized the rapid metallurgical binding of joint, like this can be to oneA little poor mother metals of high-temperature temperature connect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be in embodiment 1-3 porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy prepare schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is soldering schematic diagram when ultrasonic vibration direction is perpendicular to parallel mother metal surface in embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the ESEM micrograph of the soldered fitting brazed seam layer of preparation in embodiment 1;
Fig. 4 is the soldering schematic diagram of the bar-shaped mother metal that provides in embodiment 2;
Fig. 5 is the ESEM micrograph of the soldered fitting brazed seam layer of preparation in embodiment 2;
Fig. 6 is the ultrasonic vibration direction that provides in the embodiment 3 soldering schematic diagram while being parallel to parallel mother metal surface;
Fig. 7 is the ESEM micrograph of the soldered fitting brazed seam layer of preparation in embodiment 3.
Detailed description of the invention
Be below embodiments of the invention, also can be further well understood to this by reference to the accompanying drawings by these embodimentBright, but they are not limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1, to get thickness be 250 μ m, be of a size of porous Ni paper tinsel a slice of 20mm × 20mm, by porous Ni paper tinselBe placed in absolute ethyl alcohol and carry out Ultrasonic Cleaning, again will this Ni paper tinsel immerse after air-dry in the pure Sn of melting and swing several times,Take out subsequently porous Ni paper tinsel, now pure Sn has been impregnated in porous Ni metal forming, and has formed and have pure Sn to fillPorous Ni base composite soldering sheet;
Referring to Fig. 2, get two of 1060-Al alloys that are of a size of 20mm × 20mm × 3mm, composite soldering sheet 1 is putBetween upper Al mother metal 2 and lower Al mother metal 3, and the joint after assembling is placed on the electric hot plate 4 with restricted fixture.The tool heads of ultrasonic vibration installation 5 is acted on to upper Al mother metal 2 surfaces and applies 1MPa pressure, open subsequently intensificationDevice butt joint is heated, and in the time that brazing filler metal alloy starts to melt and has the situation of overflowing, opens ultrasonic vibration, ultrasonic vibrationFrequency, power, amplitude and time be respectively 20kHz, 500W, 20 μ m and 10s, ultrasonic vibration direction perpendicular toThe upper surface of Al mother metal, after ultrasonic vibration finishes, stops heating and continues butt joint and keep pressure, treats the solder in jointAlloy takes out joint while solidifying completely, completes brazing process.
The microscopic examination of joint shows, as shown in Figure 3, the porous metallic layers in joint brazed seam layer is in ultrasonic effectUnder be squeezed into list structure, brazing filler metal alloy is packed in the space of porous metals completely, and brazing filler metal alloy andBetween porous metals matrix and mother metal, all there is good metallurgical interface reaction. Shear strength test result shows (jointShear strength test carry out according to amended ASTMD1002 standard), the shear fails of joint occurs in solder and closesThe interface of gold and Al mother metal, the average shear intensity level recording is 76.9MPa.
Embodiment 2
Referring to Fig. 1, to get thickness be 100 μ m, be of a size of porous Ni paper tinsel a slice of 10mm × 10mm, by porous Ni paper tinselBe placed in absolute ethyl alcohol and carry out Ultrasonic Cleaning, again will this Ni paper tinsel immerse after air-dry in the pure Sn of melting and swing several times,Take out subsequently porous Ni paper tinsel, now pure Sn has been impregnated in porous Ni metal forming, and has formed and have pure Sn to fillPorous Ni base composite soldering sheet, last, this composite soldering sheet is cut into diameter isCircular solder sheet.
Referring to Fig. 4, cut-off footpath isLength is two of the T2-Cu metal bars of 40mm, by Cu rod and compoundBrazing filler metal alloy sheet 1 is assembled, and wherein descends Cu rod 32 to be fixed by fixture, and upper Cu rod 22 has along Cu rod axleThe free degree of line direction, 1 of compound solder alloy sheet is placed between two Cu rods, by the tool heads of ultrasonic vibration installation 5Act on upper Cu mother metal 22 ends of joint, and apply 0.5MPa pressure, open subsequently induction heating apparatus 4 and dockThe solder layer of head carries out local heat, in the time that liquid phase brazing filler metal alloy has the situation of overflowing, opens ultrasonic vibration. Ultrasonic vibrationTime, frequency, power and amplitude are respectively 3s, 28.8kHz, 270W and 12 μ m, and ultrasonic vibration direction is parallel to CuThe axis of rod, closes induction heating apparatus after ultrasonic vibration stops, and after brazed seam layer solidifies completely, takes out joint, completes prickerWeldering process.
The microscopic examination of joint shows, as shown in Figure 5, the porous metallic layers in joint brazed seam layer is in ultrasonic effectUnder be squeezed into list structure, pure Sn solder is packed in the space of porous Ni metal completely, and Sn and manyGood metallurgical interface has all occurred between mesoporous metal Ni matrix and Cu mother metal to react and has formed intermetallic compound. DrawStretch strength test result and show (the hot strength test of joint is carried out according to amended ISO6892 standard), jointTensile failure mainly occurs in the interface of compound solder alloy and Cu mother metal, and its tensile strength values has reached 72.4MPa.
Embodiment 3
Referring to Fig. 1, to get thickness be 200 μ m, be of a size of porous Ni paper tinsel a slice of 10mm × 10mm, by porous NiPaper tinsel is placed in absolute ethyl alcohol and carries out Ultrasonic Cleaning, and again will this Ni paper tinsel immerse after air-dry in the pure Sn of melting and swing several times,Take out subsequently porous Ni paper tinsel, now pure Sn has been impregnated in porous Ni metal forming, and has formed and have pure Sn to fillPorous Ni base composite soldering sheet.
Referring to Fig. 6, get 1060-Al alloy and the each a slice of T2-Cu alloy that size is 10mm × 10mm × 3mm,Composite soldering sheet 1 is placed between Al mother metal 23 and Cu mother metal 33, and the joint after assembling is placed in and is with restricted folderOn the electric hot plate 4 of tool, wherein Al mother metal 23 upper and Cu mother metal 33 under, by the tool heads of ultrasonic vibration installation 5Act on the upper surface of Al mother metal 23 and apply 2MPa pressure, open subsequently electric hot plate 4 butt joints and heat, treatWhen brazing filler metal alloy starts to melt and has the situation of overflowing, open ultrasonic vibration installation, the frequency of ultrasonic vibration, power, amplitudeBe respectively 40kHz, 400W, 11 μ m and 4s with the time, the direction of ultrasonic vibration is parallel to Al mother metal upper surface, superAfter acoustic vibration finishes, stop heating and continue butt joint and keep pressure, in the time that the brazing filler metal alloy in joint solidifies completely, take outJoint, completes brazing process.
The microscopic examination of joint shows, as shown in Figure 7, the porous metallic layers in joint brazed seam layer moves at Under Ultrasonic VibrationWith under be squeezed into list structure, pure Sn solder is packed in the space of porous Ni metal completely, and Sn andBetween porous Ni metal, Al mother metal and Cu mother metal, all there is good metallurgical interface reaction. Shear strength test resultShow (the shear strength test of joint is carried out according to amended ASTMD1002 standard), the shear fails of joint is sent outRaw in the interface of compound solder alloy and Cu mother metal, its shear strength value has reached 68.7MPa.
Above content is made for the present invention further illustrating in conjunction with specific embodiments, can not assert that scope of the present invention onlyBe confined to these explanations. In above-described embodiment, can also change the material of porous metallic layers and mother metal, also can change mother metalShape, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some deduction or replace of making, all should be considered as belonging to the present inventionProtection domain.
Claims (9)
1. a preparation method for porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting, is characterized in that comprising and prepares compound solder alloy step and ultrasonic assistant brazing step, and wherein said compound solder alloy step comprises:
A1, choose porous metals matrix, after cleaning, porous metals matrix is immersed in the molten solder alloy of temperature lower than porous metal matrix bulk melting point;
After A2, immersion, take out porous metals matrix, make the porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy that brazing filler metal alloy is filled;
Described ultrasonic assistant brazing step comprises:
B1, porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy is placed between two mother metals to be welded and forms soldered fitting to be welded, soldered fitting to be welded is fixed, the porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy of soldered fitting to be welded is heated to the brazing filler metal alloy fusing that makes to be filled in porous metals matrix;
B2, the tool heads of ultrasonic vibration installation acted on the surface of one of them mother metal and exert pressure, opening ultrasonic vibration, ultrasonic vibration finishes rear continuation and keeps pressure, while solidifying completely, forms soldered fitting to brazing filler metal alloy, completes brazing process;
In step B2, the vibration frequency of ultrasonic vibration installation is 10 ~ 70kHz, and amplitude is 8 ~ 60 μ m, is 0.1 ~ 5MPa to mother metal applied pressure, and the ultrasonic vibration time is 0.5 ~ 200s.
2. the preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thickness of porous metals matrix described in steps A 1 is 10 ~ 500 μ m.
3. the preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: two mother metals to be welded described in step B1 are identical material material or unlike material material.
4. the preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the material of two described mother metals to be welded is ceramic material, metal material or metal-base composites.
5. the preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: being shaped as of two mother metals to be welded described in step B1 is tabular, sheet, bar-shaped or tubulose.
6. the preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mode of heating in step B1 is resistance heated, flame heating, eddy-current heating or Hot-blast Heating.
7. the preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: while heating in step B1, the temperature of brazed seam layer porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy is higher than the temperature of brazing filler metal alloy fusing point but lower than the temperature of porous metal matrix bulk melting point.
8. the preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: while heating in step B1, the temperature of brazed seam layer porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy is higher than 5 ~ 300 DEG C of brazing filler metal alloy fusing points, but lower than the temperature of porous metal matrix bulk melting point.
9. the preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step B2, ultrasonic vibration direction is perpendicular to the surface of described mother metal or is parallel to the surface of described mother metal.
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