CN114711433A - 七鳃鳗lip蛋白在制备治疗肥胖和提高抗寒能力的食品和药品中的应用 - Google Patents
七鳃鳗lip蛋白在制备治疗肥胖和提高抗寒能力的食品和药品中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114711433A CN114711433A CN202210225097.0A CN202210225097A CN114711433A CN 114711433 A CN114711433 A CN 114711433A CN 202210225097 A CN202210225097 A CN 202210225097A CN 114711433 A CN114711433 A CN 114711433A
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Abstract
本发明公开了七鳃鳗LIP蛋白在制备治疗肥胖和提高抗寒能力的食品和药品中的应用,属于医药技术领域。本发明首次以转基因斑马鱼和高脂小鼠为模型发现七鳃鳗LIP蛋白具有诱导白色脂肪棕色化的功能,能够提高机体的抗寒产热能力、胰岛素敏感性和抑制食源性肥胖。本发明提供了七鳃鳗LIP蛋白在调控白色脂肪棕色化的新用途,在制备有效治疗肥胖和Ⅱ型糖尿病的药物方面具有实用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域,尤其涉及七鳃鳗LIP蛋白在制备治疗肥胖和提高抗寒能力的食品和药品中的应用。
背景技术
脂肪组织是人类极为重要的储能组织,一般存在三种类型脂肪组织:白色脂肪组织、棕色脂肪组织、诱导性棕色脂肪组织或米色脂肪组织。白色脂肪组织的主要功能 是储存能量,而棕色脂肪组织和米色脂肪组织的主要功能则是产热及保持机体能量平 衡。肥胖是一种多种因素引起的代谢综合征,机体白色脂肪细胞体积增大,数量增多, 而棕色脂肪细胞数量和活性减弱。通过诱导白色脂肪棕色化为米色脂肪或棕色脂肪, 既能提高棕色脂肪的数量和活性,还能减少白色脂肪的含量。因此诱导白色脂肪棕色 化已成为一种治疗肥胖的新方法。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术所存在的上述技术问题,本发明基于七鳃鳗LIP蛋白能够诱导白色脂肪棕色化治疗肥胖和提高抗寒能力等作用,提供七鳃鳗LIP蛋白在制备治疗肥 胖和提高抗寒能力的食品和药品中的应用。
本发明目的是通过以下方式实现:
七鳃鳗LIP蛋白在制备治疗肥胖和提高抗寒能力的食品和/或药品中的应用,所述七鳃鳗LIP蛋白的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示。
进一步地,所述七鳃鳗LIP蛋白的编码基因的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
进一步地,七鳃鳗LIP蛋白通过异源表达系统获得或者从七鳃鳗李氏小体的培养液中分离。
进一步地,所述的异源表达系统包括大肠杆菌表达系统、酵母表达系统、植物表达系统、昆虫表达系统和哺乳动物细胞表达系统。
进一步地,所述的药品包括所述的七鳃鳗LIP蛋白和药学上可接受的载体。
进一步地,所述的药学上可接受的载体包括填充剂、稀释剂、粘合剂、崩解剂、 乳化剂和载药载体。
进一步地,所述的药品被制备成药学上允许的剂型。
进一步地,所述的剂型包括片剂、注射制剂、颗粒剂和胶囊制剂。
进一步地,每剂药品中包含有1~106μg所述的七鳃鳗LIP蛋白。
进一步地,所述注射制剂的给药方式包括皮下注射、肌肉注射和静脉注射。
进一步地,所述的药品适用于Ⅱ型糖尿病、肥胖、高血脂症或代谢综合征。
进一步地,所述的药品能够提高机体抗寒产热能力。
本发明相对于现有技术具有的有益效果如下:
1.本发明是基于七鳃鳗LIP蛋白能够诱导白色脂肪棕色化治疗肥胖和提高抗寒能力等作用,提供七鳃鳗LIP蛋白在制备治疗肥胖和提高抗寒能力的食品和药品中的应 用,通过皮下注射经质量控制后合格的LIP蛋白,LIP蛋白靶向皮下白色脂肪组织, 可精准诱导皮下白色脂肪组织的棕色化,进而提高机体抗寒产热能力、胰岛素敏感性 和治疗肥胖的功能,具有生物安全性高和有效性强的特点,临床应用前景良好。
2.本发明为肥胖症提供了新的治疗靶点,本发明发现七鳃鳗LIP具有诱导白色脂肪棕色化的功能,过表达内源性LIP或注射外源性LIP可以促进脂肪细胞抗寒产热能 力的提高;RNA测序结果显示LIP可以引起棕色脂肪标记分子UCP1等表达提高,进 而实现为肥胖症和代谢疾病提供新的治疗靶点。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例,下面将对实施例涉及的附图进行简单地介绍。
图1为过表达LIP转基因斑马鱼Tg(TRE:EGFP-lip)的建立过程及验证图,其 中,A:转基因斑马鱼建立的技术路线;B:Tg(TRE:EGFP-lip)转基因斑马鱼(a#和 b#)的尾鳍基因组鉴定;C:WB检测斑马鱼LIP和EGFP的表达;D:lip基因在Tg (TRE:EGFP-lip)转基因斑马鱼中的时空表达谱(比例尺为250μm);E:共聚焦检 测LIP在转基因斑马鱼中的表达分析(比例尺为100μm)。
图2为过表达LIP对四个时期的斑马鱼胚胎(19hpf、36hpf、60hpf和96hpf)转 录组的影响。
图3为通过siRNA干扰实验验证lip基因在转录水平上对棕色相关分子具有抑制作用。
图4为高脂小鼠模型的构建,其中,A为高脂小鼠模型的体重变化,HD表示正 常饮食,n=30;HFD表示高脂饮食,n=130;B为高脂小鼠体型变化;C为小鼠血液 甘油三酯含量(n=30);D为小鼠血液总胆固醇含量(n=30)。
图5为LIP蛋白的不同给药方式和剂量组合后高脂小鼠的体重变化。
图6为不同给药方式注射不同剂量LIP蛋白后小鼠的胰岛素敏感性检测,其中A 为葡萄糖耐量实验,B为胰岛素耐量实验。
图7为皮下注射10μg LIP蛋白后小鼠的冷暴露实验,其中,A为梯度冷暴露过 程中小鼠的肛温检测,B为4℃冷暴露小鼠的生存曲线。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细的说明,但本发明的实施方式不限于此,显而易见 地,下面描述中的实施例仅是本发明的部分实施例,对于本领域技术人员来讲,在不付出 创造性劳动性的前提下,获得其他的类似的实施例均落入本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
本发明涉及的药物诱导型过表达七鳃鳗LIP转基因斑马鱼Tg(TRE:EGFP-lip)由实验室制备,制备、稳定系建立及鉴定步骤如下:
(1)构建质粒Tol2-actb2-rtTAM2-TREP-EGFP-P2A-lip,化学合成lip基因序列 并将其连接商品化的质粒中(具体参见Gu Q,Yang X,He X,Li Q,Cui Z.Generation andcharacterization of a transgenic zebrafish expressing the reversetetracycline transactivator.J Genet Genomics.2013Oct 20;40(10):523-31.doi:10.1016/j.jgg.2013.06. 008),Tol2为Ⅱ类转座子序列,actb2为β-actin序列,rtTAM2为四环素调控的转录 活化因子,TREP为tre promoter启动子序列,EGFP为绿色荧光蛋白序列,P2A为一类 自剪切序列。将其显微注射到AB系斑马鱼受精卵中;lip的核苷酸序列如SEQID NO:1 所示,lip的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示。
(2)30μg/mL Dox(盐酸强力霉素)诱导斑马鱼胚胎LIP过表达,并通过绿色 荧光筛选出阳性胚胎;
(3)将筛选到的F0代阳性斑马鱼胚胎转入不含Dox的1×E3培养基中饲养至 3mpf,共获得2个品系,命名为a品系(a#)和b品系(b#);
(4)从两个品系斑马鱼成鱼尾鳍中分离出基因组DNA,设计并使用2对lip基 因引物进行PCR鉴定,结果显示具有特异性条带,表明两个品系的斑马鱼基因组DNA 中均具有lip基因,即lip基因已整合到单个染色体基因座中(b#品系斑马鱼条带亮度 和绿色荧光强度较弱,之后稳定系的建立使用的均为a#品系);
(5)Western blot检测转基因斑马鱼EGFP和LIP的蛋白表达水平,过表达LIP 斑马鱼具有明显条带,结果表明转基因斑马鱼Tg(TRE:EGFP-lip)构建成功;
(6)荧光成像技术确定lip基因的时空表达谱,LIP蛋白首先在转基因斑马鱼的 体节期脊髓中表达,然后从脊髓逐渐向大脑和周围的肌肉组织表达;
(7)采用阳性斑马鱼连续自交和回交的方式筛选出具有稳定lip基因表达的转基因斑马鱼品系,F0斑马鱼自交产生258枚F1代斑马鱼胚胎共获得36条阳性F1代斑 马鱼,阳性率为13.95%;
(8)将F1代胚胎孵化并饲养至成年,然后通过对F1代中阳性斑马鱼进行自交 而获得具有更稳定荧光表达的F2代,F2代斑马鱼阳性率为56.02%;
(9)依照技术路线对转基因斑马鱼品系不断优化并稳定lip基因在斑马鱼基因组中的拷贝数,最终在F4代成功建立了转基因斑马鱼Tg(TRE:EGFP-lip)的稳定系。
实施例2
本实施例对四个时期的斑马鱼胚胎(19hpf、36hpf、60hpf和96hpf)进行转录组 测序。经过对raw reads过滤筛选,共获得58.89G的CleanData,各样本的有效数据 量分布在6.99-7.91G,Q30碱基分布在92.04-92.50%,平均GC含量为46.43%。这 表明测序中未发生AT、GC分离现象,G和C碱基及A和T碱基含量每个测序循环 上分别相等,且整个测序过程稳定不变。野生型与转基因斑马鱼对应发育时期的FPKM 较为相似,这表明测序数据标准化程度高,可用于后续分析。主成分分析(PCA)显 示了从胚胎中表达的lip基因(19hpf)到胚胎发育结束(96hpf)的连续发育过程。 同一发育阶段的数据集从样本的空间排布上极为接近,进一步说明样本均一化程度 高,可用于后续分析。为筛选斑马鱼lip基因过表达后的主要响应基因,采用|log2FC|≥2 且FDR≤0.05作为差异表达基因的筛选标准。共得到差异表达基因(DEGs)2204个, 其中上调基因537个,下调基因603个。LIP过表达引起的差异变化基因主要富集于 脂质代谢通路(如:PPAR signaling pathway、Steroid biosynthesis类固醇的生物合成 和Fatty acid biosynthesis脂肪酸的生物合成等)。此外LIP过表达导致棕色脂肪标记 分子ucp1等上调,这结果表明LIP在转录水平上诱导白色脂肪棕色化。
实施例3
本实施例中使用的雷氏七鳃鳗采捕于辽河流域,暂养于辽宁师范大学七鳃鳗研究中心。
雷氏七鳃鳗lip基因的siRNA干扰按如下步骤进行:
(1)取性征明显的雷氏七鳃鳗,先将雄鱼表面上水分吸干,固定住沿鳃到泄殖 孔方向挤压腹部使雄鱼精液排出置干燥平皿中,雌鱼步骤相同,将精卵混合均匀后放 于含水的斑马鱼养殖缸中,清洗数次。
(2)依据胚胎在养殖缸中的粘性程度初步判断七鳃鳗受精卵质量,粘性越大(倒水时大多数受精卵粘在养殖缸底)受精卵质量越好,受精后卵黄膜膨胀快速,10min 左右就可进行注射;
(3)在lip基因的308号位点进行基因沉默效果较好,lip的GenBank号为MG572977.1。siRNA-LIP可与lip mRNA的正义链和反义链组成双链RNA,使其发生 特异性的降解,进而沉默lip基因的表达。本专利进行lip基因敲低所使用的siRNA-LIP 通过化学合成制备,合成的序列如下:(5’to 3’)
SEQ ID NO:3:CCGCAACCGUGAGUUCUUUTT
SEQ ID NO:4:AAAGAACUCACGGUUGCGGTT
合成后的siRNA-LIP 4000rpm离心1min,在超净工作台中用125μL DEPC水溶解1OD260 siRNA,并使用PCR管分装-80℃保存;
(4)将毛细管通过拉针仪拉成2个长度相等,注射部细长的注射针,注射针装 到盒子中在紫外下照射20min灭菌,将其在5倍镜下,用镊子将针的前端夹断;
(5)用滴管将需注射的胚胎吸附到载玻片的一面,在载玻片另一边用滴管吸水,再用排卵针将胚胎排附在载玻片的一面,水刚好末过胚胎;
(6)用微量上样移液枪头吸取5μL注射液(siRNA-LIP),将siRNA-LIP添加于 玻璃管针头部分;
(7)将收集的胚胎放置到体视显微镜镜下,用低倍物镜对准胚胎调焦,轻轻的 落下针尖,并将注射针尖推入视野中心,通过微操作系统的微调调整注射针位置,直 到清晰见到针尖为止,进一步调整显微镜焦距,注射针和胚胎的位置,使胚胎和注射 针尖均达到最佳清晰程度。推动操纵杆,小心进针,使注射针针尖进入胚胎,脚踏开 关将样品注入胚胎;
(8)注射结束后,用胶头滴管轻轻将胚胎吹打至养殖水中进行养殖,每日更换 1/3水,以保持养殖环境中的离子浓度、酸碱度和溶解氧的恒定;
(9)待胚胎发育至神经胚,进行RNA抽提,并对合格样本进行建库,获得数据 进行纯化分析,包括数据质控、比对组装、差异表达和功能注释。结果显示沉默七鳃 鳗lip基因表达导致棕色脂肪标记分子UCP1等表达下调,这进一步说明LIP对于白 色脂肪棕色化具有正向调控作用。
实施例4
采用高脂饲料对130只C57BL/6J小鼠(2周龄)喂养16周,持续每周检测体重 变化。基础饲料:面粉25%、麦片25%、玉米面25%、豆面10%、鱼粉8%、骨粉4%、 酵母粉2%、精盐1%。高脂饲料:基础饲料90%、胆固醇1.5%、猪油8.2%、猪胆盐 0.3%。以高脂小鼠体重为同期正常喂养小鼠体重2倍为标准,进行鼠尾血的甘油三酯 和胆固醇检测。结果表明甘油三酯和胆固醇均显著高于对照组小鼠,表明高脂模型构 建成功。
实施例5
本实施例中使用的七鳃鳗免疫蛋白LIP的制备参考专利号201310501366.2,名称为“七鳃鳗李蛋白、制备方法及在制备预防和治疗肿瘤疾病药物中的应用”的中国 发明专利。
从七鳃鳗李氏小体的培养液中分离七鳃鳗免疫蛋白LIP的制备按如下步骤进行:
a.取新鲜的七鳃鳗李氏小体,放入胰蛋白酶中4℃过夜消化;
b.收集消化后的细胞,PBS清洗两次;
c.转入无血清的1640培养液中培养72小时;
d.收集七鳃鳗李氏小体细胞的培养液,加入终浓度为2mmol/L的苯甲基磺酰 氟;
e.以0.1M KCl/buffer A(20mM KPB,5%Glycerol,pH 7.0)为透析液,在4℃ 条件下对所收集的细胞培养液透析2hr~O/N,共透析3次;
f.透析后的样品通过0.45μm滤膜过滤;
g.将过滤后样品上样至柱体积为10ml的Macro-Prep Ceramic HydroxyapatiteType I 80μm羟基磷灰石吸附层析柱中,线性梯度洗脱0~250mM KPB pH7.0/0.1M KCl/buffer A,流速为1.0ml/min,分管收集2.5ml/管,共80管;
h.合并第8~23管洗脱液,置于1L buffer B(20mM Tris-HCl,5%Glycerol,pH8.0)中4℃下透析,2hr~O/N更换一次透析液,共透析3次;
i.透析后的样品通过0.45μm滤膜过滤;
j.取20ml Q Sepharose Fast Flow(购自GE Healthcare)填料灌装层析柱,用 于对上一步样品进行离子交换层析,将过滤后样品全部上样,线性梯度洗脱0~0.3M KCL/buffer B,流速1.0ml/min,分管收集2.5ml/管,80管;
k.收集29-35管,使用PBS透析2hr~O/N,共透析3次,得到产物即为纯化 的七鳃鳗免疫蛋白LIP。
七鳃鳗免疫蛋白LIP的获得还可以通过异源表达系统获得,例如大肠杆菌原核表达系统,优选pColdⅠ表达载体,高效获得重组蛋白rLi protein;七鳃鳗免疫蛋白 LIP的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示。
实施例6
小鼠LIP蛋白体内注射实验:
(A)LIP蛋白对高脂小鼠的肥胖治疗
对实施例4得到的高脂小鼠(体重为40±2g)进行LIP蛋白的注射,注射剂量 为10μg、20μg和40μg,注射方式为皮下注射(IC)、肌肉注射(IM)和静脉注射(IV)。 其中阳性对照采用奥利司他(155mg/kg,饮水中持续给药),阴性对照使用灭活的 LIP蛋白,灭活方式为煮沸30min,不同给药组持续给药(每三天给药一次)均能显 著抑制饮食诱导的小鼠肥胖(图5)。比较三种注射方式可知,皮下注射的减重效果 最好。比较皮下注射三种给药剂量的减重效果未表现出显著性。依据效果相似选择更 低剂量给药,因此选择10μg的LIP蛋白给药剂量的安全性更高。综上所述,皮下注 射10μg LIP蛋白的减肥效果最佳。
(B)LIP蛋白对高脂小鼠胰岛素敏感性的作用
高脂小鼠禁食12h后,于次日上午8:00采集不同组别小鼠尾静脉血,测定空腹 血糖值。随后给予15%葡萄糖溶液灌胃,0.2mL/只,分别在灌胃后5、10、15、30、 60、120min等6个时间点测定血糖值(图6A)。高脂对照高于正常饮食组,这表明 高脂喂养的肥胖小鼠出现胰岛素抵抗现象。比较同一给药方式注射不同剂量的LIP蛋 白,可以看到高剂量的曲线最低,表明随着注射LIP的剂量提高,高脂小鼠的胰岛素 抵抗现象明显减弱,甚至消失(皮下给药40μg与正常小鼠和阳性对照小鼠曲线高度 重合)。为进一步比较三种注射方式效果,对注射剂量为20μg小鼠进行比较发现, 皮下给药的曲线低于肌肉注射和静脉注射,这一定程度上表明LIP蛋白诱导白色脂肪 棕色化的最佳给药方式为皮下注射。
高脂小鼠禁食12h后,于次日上午8:00采集不同组别小鼠尾静脉血,测定空腹 血糖值。随后腹腔注射胰岛素(0.5U/kg),分别在注射后15min、30min、45min、 120min 4个时间点测定血糖值。对于胰岛素耐量实验(图6B),高脂对照高于正常 饮食组,这表明高脂喂养的肥胖小鼠出现胰岛素抵抗现象。比较同一给药方式注射不 同剂量的LIP蛋白,可以看到高剂量的曲线最低,表明随着注射LIP的剂量提高,高 脂小鼠的胰岛素抵抗现象明显减弱。为进一步比较三种注射方式效果,对注射剂量为 20μg小鼠进行比较发现,皮下给药的曲线低于肌肉注射和静脉注射,与之前葡萄糖耐 量实验结果相符。
结合葡萄糖和胰岛素耐量实验可知,(1)注射LIP蛋白后能显著提高高脂小鼠 的胰岛素敏感性,且提高程度与LIP蛋白注射量正相关;(2)皮下注射是LIP蛋白 诱导白色脂肪棕色化的最佳给药途径,也表明LIP蛋白诱导棕色化是直接作用与皮下 白色脂肪组织的。
(C)LIP蛋白注射小鼠的冷暴露实验
实验组别:对照组小鼠(皮下注射PBS),实验组小鼠(皮下注射LIP蛋白10μg)。 皮下给药为腹股沟皮下注射,共100μL体积,左右各注射50μL。
每日分上午/下午进行一次小鼠肛温检测,分别于9点和21点进行。肛温检测使 用小鼠肛温计,通过石蜡油润滑将体温计插入小鼠直肠约1.5-2cm,为了使插入深度 一致,用胶皮管套在温度计上,作为“限止环”。体温计放入直肠内固定时间为3分 钟。结果显示皮下注射LIP蛋白的小鼠表现出更强的对寒冷的抵抗作用,在4-8℃的 小鼠肛温均极显著高于PBS组小鼠(图7A)。
将适应冷暴露后小鼠持续置于4℃进行长时间持续的冷暴露,并进行生存曲线的绘制。每笼仅一只小鼠,且添加1cm厚的垫料。4℃冷暴露下注射10μg的LIP蛋白 后小鼠的死亡率显著降低(图7B),这表明LIP蛋白皮下注射会导致其抗寒能力显 著升高。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管 参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然 可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行 等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方 案的范围。
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110> 辽宁师范大学
<120> 七鳃鳗LIP蛋白在制备降糖降脂的食品和药品中的应用
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Claims (10)
1.七鳃鳗LIP蛋白在制备治疗肥胖和提高抗寒能力的食品和/或药品中的应用,其特征在于,所述七鳃鳗LIP蛋白的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述七鳃鳗LIP蛋白的编码基因的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
3.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述七鳃鳗LIP蛋白通过异源表达系统获得或者从七鳃鳗李氏小体的培养液中分离。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的异源表达系统包括大肠杆菌表达系统、酵母表达系统、植物表达系统、昆虫表达系统和哺乳动物细胞表达系统。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的药品包括所述的七鳃鳗LIP蛋白和药学上可接受的载体。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的药学上可接受的载体包括填充剂、稀释剂、粘合剂、崩解剂、乳化剂和载药载体。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的药品被制备成药学上允许的剂型;所述的剂型包括片剂、注射制剂、颗粒剂和胶囊制剂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,每剂药品中包含有1~106μg所述的七鳃鳗LIP蛋白。
9.根据权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,所述注射制剂的给药方式包括皮下注射、肌肉注射和静脉注射。
10.根据权利要求9所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的药品适用于Ⅱ型糖尿病、肥胖、高血脂症。
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