CN114702964A - Composite biochar mine restoration material based on membrane material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite biochar mine restoration material based on a membrane material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the material comprises a main material and an auxiliary material, and the main material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 60-80 parts of sludge, 10-20 parts of poplar charcoal powder and sludge charcoal powder, 10-30 parts of water and a deodorizing and sterilizing agent; the auxiliary materials comprise 20-30 parts of polyethylene glycol and 70-80 parts of acrylic resin modified casein, polyacrylamide and derivatives thereof, lignosulfonate and/or cellulose derivatives; 80-120 parts of composite EM microbial agent; the mass ratio of the main materials to the auxiliary materials is 90-95: 5 to 10. The adhesive film can form a film when water is evaporated to a certain degree, so that the film is formed when the adhesive film is used, the organic components of the material are improved, the service life of the material can reach 2-3 years and even 7-8 years, and the material can be naturally decomposed after the service life is over. And the self-contained decomposition function of the composite EM microbial agent can be utilized as required, the composite EM microbial agent is decomposed at regular time without residue, and the composite EM microbial agent can retain water, fertilizer and salinization and does not pollute the environment.

Description

Composite biochar mine restoration material based on membrane material and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a composite biochar mine restoration material based on a membrane material.

Background

Currently, mulching with a mulching film in agricultural production not only has the effects of keeping soil moisture and preventing salinization, but also has the functions of fertilizer conservation, insect prevention, grass inhibition and the like, and can improve crop yield and agricultural benefits. The agricultural mulching film has great economic and social benefits since being applied, can improve the yield of crops by 20-50 percent, and greatly promotes the agricultural development of China.

However, most of plastic mulching films used in the market at present are non-degradable plastics, are difficult to degrade under natural conditions, and can remain in soil for 200-400 years. The mulching film is low in strength, easy to break and difficult to recycle after use, is discarded in soil, causes serious white pollution to the soil and the environment over the years, and further aggravates hardening and deterioration of the soil in the later period.

At present, the liquid degradable mulching film is gradually developed and replaces the plastic mulching film. However, the conventional liquid mulching film, such as polyacrylamide, has the defects of easy erosion by rain water and the like and short service life, and still has pollution to the environment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a composite biochar mine repairing material based on a membrane material and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the problems of short service life and pollution of the existing liquid mulching film technology.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the composite biochar mine restoration material based on the membrane material is characterized by comprising main materials and auxiliary materials, wherein the main materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of sludge, 10-20 parts of poplar charcoal powder and sludge charcoal powder, 10-30 parts of water and a deodorizing and sterilizing agent;

the auxiliary materials comprise 20-30 parts of polyethylene glycol and 70-80 parts of acrylic resin modified casein, polyacrylamide and derivatives thereof, lignosulfonate and/or cellulose derivatives; 80-120 parts of composite EM microbial agent;

the mass ratio of the main materials to the auxiliary materials is 90-95: 5 to 10.

Preferably, the deodorizing and sterilizing agent is 0.1-0.5 part of trichloroisocyanuric acid.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the poplar charcoal powder to the sludge charcoal powder is 10-20: 80-90.

Preferably, the sludge is black and odorous river sludge and/or sewage treatment plant sludge.

The preparation method of the composite biochar mine restoration material based on the membrane material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

preparing a main material: adding a deodorizing and sterilizing agent into the sludge for deodorizing and sterilizing; adding the poplar charcoal powder, the sludge charcoal powder and water after deodorizing and sterilizing for 10-14 hours, and uniformly mixing to form a main material;

preparing auxiliary materials: sealing and packaging the dried PEG and other auxiliary material components in a dry environment;

preparing 90-95 parts by weight of prepared main materials and 5-10 parts by weight of prepared auxiliary materials respectively, diluting the auxiliary materials with water before use, fully and uniformly mixing the diluted auxiliary materials with the main materials, adding the auxiliary materials into a product obtained by uniformly mixing the main materials and the auxiliary materials, then adding 1-3 times of water, stirring and uniformly diluting, and filtering by using a filter screen to obtain a filtrate, namely the composite biochar mine repairing material.

Preferably, each part of adjuvant is diluted with 1-2 parts of water.

The invention has the following technical effects:

according to the invention, the PEG material is utilized, poplar charcoal powder and deposited charcoal powder are added, and auxiliary materials and water are matched to form a mucosa when water is evaporated to a certain degree, so that a film is formed during use, the organic components of the material are improved, the service life of the material can reach 2-3 years or even 7-8 years, and the material can be naturally decomposed after the service life is over. And the self-contained decomposition function of the composite EM microbial agent can be utilized as required, the composite EM microbial agent is decomposed at regular time without residue, and the composite EM microbial agent can retain water, fertilizer and salinization and does not pollute the environment. The water content of the soil is greatly improved, the salt content is greatly reduced, and the germination rate of crops is obviously improved.

The deodorizing and sterilizing agent mainly kills harmful microorganisms, and the composite EM microbial agent replaces the harmful microorganisms.

The EM is a composite flora and mainly comprises a plurality of floras, various microorganisms play important roles respectively, the core role is that photosynthetic bacteria and acidophilic lactobacillus are dominant, the synthetic ability supports the activities of other microorganisms, and substances generated by other microorganisms are utilized to form a symbiotic and symbiotic relationship, so that the stable state and complete functions of EM bacterial liquid are ensured, and the strong energy of group military combat is exerted. Each flora functions as follows

Photosynthetic bacteria group: the photosynthetic flora (aerobic and anaerobic) in the EM bacterial liquid belongs to independent nutrient microorganisms, can separate hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen in hydrocarbon in soil by using solar heat energy received by the soil or ultraviolet rays as energy, changes harmful substances into harmless substances, synthesizes sugar, amino acid, vitamins, nitrogen compounds, physiologically active substances and the like by using secretion, organic substances, harmful gases (hydrogen sulfide and the like) and carbon dioxide, nitrogen and the like at the root of a plant as substrates, and is a main force army for fertilizing the soil and promoting the growth of animals and plants. Metabolites of photosynthetic bacteria are either directly absorbed by plants or are nutrients for the propagation of other microorganisms, which if capable of propagating, other beneficial microorganisms will also propagate.

The lactic acid bacteria group: lactic acid bacteria (anaerobic type) produce lactic acid based on the intake of substances such as sugars produced by photosynthetic bacteria yeasts. Lactic acid has strong bactericidal power, and can effectively inhibit the activity of harmful microorganisms and the rapid putrefaction and decomposition of organic matters. Lactic acid bacteria are capable of easily decomposing lignin, cellulose and the like which are not easily decomposed in a normal state, eliminating various defects caused by undecomposed organic matters, playing an important role in assault on the fermentation and decomposition of organic matters, and converting undecomposed organic substances into nutrients effective for animals and plants. The lactobacillus can also effectively inhibit the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria caused by continuous cropping obstacles.

And (3) yeast flora: yeast (aerobic type) utilizes amino acids, sugars and other organic substances to produce an active substance that promotes cell division by fermentation. Yeast provides an important nutritional support in EM-based military for the production of substrates (foods) needed to promote the proliferation of other effective microorganisms. In addition, the single-cell protein produced by yeast is an indispensable nutrient available for animals.

Gram-positive actinomycetes (aerobic). It obtains amino acid, nitrogen, etc. from photosynthetic bacteria as matrix to produce various antibiotic substances, vitamins and enzymes capable of inhibiting pathogenic bacteria directly. It takes in advance the substrate required for the proliferation of harmful molds and bacteria, thus inhibiting their proliferation and creating a living environment for the proliferation of other beneficial microorganisms. The net bacterial action of the actinomycete and the photosynthetic bacteria after mixing is much larger than the killing power of the actinomycete during single-soldier combat. It has degradation effect on hard-to-decompose substances such as lignin, cellulose, chitin, etc., and is easy to be absorbed by plants, and can enhance resistance and immunity of animals and plants to various diseases. Actinomycetes also promote the proliferation of azotobacteria and VA mycorrhizal fungi.

Filamentous fungi of the fermentation system (anaerobic). Mainly Aspergillus used in alcohol fermentation, which can coexist with other microorganisms, and has a good effect on the formation of esters in soil. Because the alcohol generating ability is strong, it can prevent maggots and other vermin and eliminate offensive odor.

Detailed Description

In order that the invention may be better understood, the invention will now be further explained with reference to specific examples.

Example 1

Main materials: every 100g of main materials comprise 70g of sludge with the water content of 80%, 15g of poplar charcoal powder, sludge charcoal powder (the proportion is 15: 85) and 20g of water, and a deodorizing and sterilizing agent consisting of 0.3g of trichloroisocyanuric acid is added to deodorize and sterilize the main materials;

auxiliary materials 1: each 100g of the auxiliary materials comprise 20g of PEG and 80g of acrylic resin modified casein.

And (2) auxiliary materials: 100g of the compound EM microbial agent.

The preparation process of this example is as follows:

the preparation process of the main materials comprises the following steps: adding a deodorizing and sterilizing agent (0.3% in the embodiment and the amount can be added according to the foul smell condition of the sludge) consisting of water-soluble trichloroisocyanuric acid into the black and odorous river sludge for deodorizing and sterilizing, so that the sludge is subjected to removal of infectious microbes and protozoans, and further, the foul gas emitted by the sludge is reduced; adding poplar charcoal powder, sludge charcoal powder and proper amount of water after deodorizing and sterilizing for 12 hr, and mixing to form the main material.

The preparation process of the auxiliary materials comprises the following steps: and (3) hermetically packaging the dried PEG and the acrylic resin modified casein in a dry environment to prevent moisture.

The prepared main material and the auxiliary material are prepared respectively, the proportioning relationship is that the main material and the auxiliary material are 92 parts and 6 parts respectively, the auxiliary material is diluted by water before use, and about 150g of water is used for every 100g of the auxiliary material. And fully and uniformly mixing the diluted auxiliary materials with the main materials, adding the auxiliary materials into the product obtained by uniformly mixing the main materials and the auxiliary materials, then adding about 2 times of water, stirring and uniformly diluting, and filtering by using a filter screen to obtain a filtrate, namely the composite biochar mine repairing material which can be directly used.

Example 2

The difference from the embodiment 1 is that 20 parts of polyethylene glycol and 80 parts of polyacrylamide and derivatives thereof are adopted as auxiliary materials.

Example 3

The difference from example 1 is that the auxiliary material is polyethylene glycol 20 and 80 parts of cellulose derivative.

The healing effect of each example is shown in the following table:

	control	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3
					The water content of the soil is%	5.45	10.25	10.08	9.98
Content of salt%	1.14	0.06	0.08	0.07
					The germination rate of the pakchoi is%	10.85	85.48	87.62	88.50
The germination rate of the corn is%	11.54	80.78	79.98	80.13

Claims (6)

1. The composite biochar mine restoration material based on the membrane material is characterized by comprising main materials and auxiliary materials, wherein the main materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of sludge, 10-20 parts of poplar charcoal powder and sludge charcoal powder, 10-30 parts of water and a deodorizing and sterilizing agent;

the auxiliary materials comprise 20-30 parts of polyethylene glycol and 70-80 parts of acrylic resin modified casein, polyacrylamide and derivatives thereof, lignosulfonate and/or cellulose derivatives; 80-120 parts of compound EM microbial agent;

the mass ratio of the main materials to the auxiliary materials is 90-95: 5 to 10.

2. The mine restoration material according to claim 1, wherein the deodorizing and sterilizing agent is 0.1-0.5 parts of trichloroisocyanuric acid.

3. The mine repairing material according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the poplar charcoal powder to the sludge charcoal powder is 10-20: 80-90.

4. The mine restoration material according to claim 1, wherein the sludge is black and odorous river sludge and/or sewage treatment plant sludge.

5. The preparation method of the composite biochar mine restoration material based on the membrane material, which is disclosed by any one of claims 1 to 4, is characterized by comprising the following steps:

preparation of main materials: adding a deodorizing and sterilizing agent into the sludge for deodorizing and sterilizing; adding the poplar charcoal powder, the sludge charcoal powder and water after deodorizing and sterilizing for 10-14 hours, and uniformly mixing to form a main material;

preparing auxiliary materials: sealing and packaging the dried PEG and other auxiliary material components in a dry environment;

preparing 90-95 parts by weight of prepared main materials and 5-10 parts by weight of prepared auxiliary materials respectively, diluting the auxiliary materials with water before use, fully and uniformly mixing the diluted auxiliary materials with the main materials, adding the auxiliary materials into a product obtained by uniformly mixing the main materials and the auxiliary materials, then adding 1-3 times of water, stirring and uniformly diluting, and filtering by using a filter screen to obtain a filtrate, namely the composite biochar mine repairing material.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that each part of adjuvant is diluted with 1-2 parts of water.