CN114700243A - 一种改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的施工方法 - Google Patents
一种改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的施工方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的施工方法,包括以下步骤:首先在基材上设置阻尼涂料层,接着在阻尼涂料层的表面凝固前铺撒砂粒层,然后在砂粒层上方敷设甲板敷料。本发明的改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的施工方法,属于涂料技术领域,在阻尼涂料层的表面铺撒砂粒层,表面砂粒形成了粗糙面,所以对其表面的甲板敷料施工时间相对灵活,可以根据生产进度随时安排施工,无需在阻尼涂料层的表面凝固前敷设甲板敷料,也避免了敷设甲板敷料的水泥砂浆与阻尼涂料层的涂料发生反应,影响阻尼涂料层的结构特性,保证阻尼涂料层的可靠性,也使阻尼涂料层的减震效果、隔音效果、耐热耐磨耐火性能得到保证。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及涂料技术,更具体地说,它涉及一种改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的施工方法。
背景技术
高分子阻尼涂料是以高分子聚合物为基料树脂制得的具有减震、隔声和一定密封性的特种涂料,因施工方便,尤其对结构复杂的表面更能体现出它的优越性,目前已广泛应用于飞机、船舶、车辆和各种机械的减震的降噪。
现有的用于金属基材的涂料大多为水性或溶剂型阻尼材料,然后在阻尼材料上敷设甲板敷料,甲板敷料通过水泥砂浆敷设在阻尼材料上,由于阻尼材料的表面比较光滑,造成甲板敷料在恶劣的使用环境中,甲板敷料容易脱落,然后造成阻尼材料容易受到损坏。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术的上述某些不足,本发明的目的是提供一种改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的施工方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的施工方法,包括以下步骤:首先在基材上设置阻尼涂料层,接着在阻尼涂料层的表面凝固前铺撒砂粒层,然后在砂粒层上方敷设甲板敷料。
进一步的,在阻尼涂料层凝的表面铺撒砂粒层的沙粒直径为15-25目。
更进一步的,所述砂粒层的沙粒直径为20目。
更进一步的,所述甲板敷料包括水泥沙层和地板结构。
作为进一步的改进,所述阻尼涂料层包括阻尼层和约束层,所述阻尼层为聚醚氨酯层,所述约束层为环氧树脂层。
更进一步的,所述聚醚氨酯层包括如下重量份的原料:水性聚氨酯15-35份、聚丙烯酸酯15-35份、偶联剂改性绢云母8-15份、滑石粉5-10份、云母粉5-10份、珍珠岩6-8份、硅藻土10-15份、纳米丙烯酸酯橡胶粉末5-8份、磷酸酯改性胺复合物0.5-1.0份、氢氧化镁3-6份、氢氧化铝5-12份、玻璃纤维5-8份、硼酚醛树脂1-3份、有机溶剂2-5份、成膜助剂2-7份、羟基多元醇25-35份、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯50-55份、去离子水20-30份。
作为更进一步的改进,在基材上涂刷聚醚氨酯层时,先是涂刷几层含水量低的聚醚氨酯层在基材上,该含水量低的聚醚氨酯层包括如下重量份的原料:水性聚氨酯15-20份、聚丙烯酸酯15-20份、偶联剂改性绢云母8-10份、滑石粉8-10份、云母粉5-10份、珍珠岩6-8份、硅藻土10-12份、纳米丙烯酸酯橡胶粉末5-6份、磷酸酯改性胺复合物0.5-1.0份、玻璃纤维5-8份、硼酚醛树脂1-3份、羟基多元醇25-35份、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯50-55份、去离子水20-25份。
更进一步的,所述水性聚氨酯与聚丙烯酸酯的含量比例为1:1;所述纳米丙烯酸酯橡胶粉末与玻璃纤维的含量比例为0.8:1.0。
作为更进一步的改进,在含水量低的聚醚氨酯层上涂抹多层阻尼性好的聚醚氨酯层,该含阻尼性好的聚醚氨酯层包括如下重量份的原料:水性聚氨酯15-20份、聚丙烯酸酯20-35份、偶联剂改性绢云母10-15份、滑石粉5-8份、云母粉8-10份、珍珠岩6-8份、硅藻土12-15份、纳米丙烯酸酯橡胶粉末6-8份、磷酸酯改性胺复合物0.5-1.0份、玻璃纤维5-8份、硼酚醛树脂1-3份、羟基多元醇25-35份、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯50-55份、去离子水25-30份。
更进一步的,所述水性聚氨酯与聚丙烯酸酯的含量比例为1:1.5-2.0;所述纳米丙烯酸酯橡胶粉末与玻璃纤维的含量比例为0.5:1.0。
有益效果
与现有技术相比,本发明的改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的施工方法具有的有益效果如下:
本发明的方案中,在阻尼涂料层的表面铺撒砂粒层,表面砂粒形成了粗糙面,所以对其表面的甲板敷料施工时间相对灵活,可以根据生产进度随时安排施工,无需在阻尼涂料层的表面凝固前敷设甲板敷料,也避免了敷设甲板敷料的水泥砂浆与阻尼涂料层的涂料发生反应,影响阻尼涂料层的结构特性,保证阻尼涂料层的可靠性,也使阻尼涂料层的减震效果、隔音效果、耐热耐磨耐火性能得到保证。
附图说明
图1是本发明的改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的结构示意图。
图中:1、基材;2、阻尼涂料层;3、砂粒层;4、甲板敷料;5、阻尼层;6、约束层。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明作进一步的描述,但不构成对本发明的任何限制,任何人在本发明权利要求范围所做的有限次的修改,仍在本发明的权利要求范围内。
本发明的具体实施例是这样的:参照图1所示,一种改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的施工方法,包括以下步骤:首先在基材1上设置阻尼涂料层2,接着在阻尼涂料层2的表面凝固前铺撒砂粒层3,然后在砂粒层3上方敷设甲板敷料4。
本改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的施工方法是在阻尼涂料层2的表面铺撒砂粒层3,阻尼涂料凝固过程会将砂粒凝固其中,形成粗糙面,有利于与其表面的敷设甲板敷料的整体粘结性,从而消除脱层风险。
由于表面砂粒形成了粗糙面,所以对其表面的甲板敷料施工时间相对灵活,可以根据生产进度随时安排施工,无需在阻尼涂料层2的表面凝固前敷设甲板敷料,也避免了敷设甲板敷料的水泥砂浆与阻尼涂料层2的涂料发生反应,影响阻尼涂料层2的结构特性,保证阻尼涂料层2的可靠性,也使阻尼涂料层2的减震效果、隔音效果、耐热耐磨耐火性能得到保证。
在本实施例中,在阻尼涂料层2凝的表面铺撒砂粒层3的沙粒直径为15-25目。砂粒层3的沙粒直径为20目。
在本实施例中,甲板敷料4包括水泥沙层和地板结构,地板结构可以是木地板,也可以是瓷砖结构。
在本实施例中,阻尼涂料层2包括阻尼层5和约束层6,阻尼层5为聚醚氨酯层,约束层6为环氧树脂层,环氧树脂层涂刷在聚醚氨酯层上,环氧树脂层内嵌设有钢丝网,提高环氧树脂层的附着力,防止脱落。
在本实施例中,聚醚氨酯层包括如下重量份的原料:水性聚氨酯15-35份、聚丙烯酸酯15-35份、偶联剂改性绢云母8-15份、滑石粉5-10份、云母粉5-10份、珍珠岩6-8份、硅藻土10-15份、纳米丙烯酸酯橡胶粉末5-8份、磷酸酯改性胺复合物0.5-1.0份、氢氧化镁3-6份、氢氧化铝5-12份、玻璃纤维5-8份、硼酚醛树脂1-3份、有机溶剂2-5份、成膜助剂2-7份、羟基多元醇25-35份、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯50-55份、去离子水20-30份。
在本实施例中,在基材1上涂刷聚醚氨酯层时,先是涂刷几层含水量低的聚醚氨酯层在基材1上,该含水量低的聚醚氨酯层包括如下重量份的原料:水性聚氨酯15-20份、聚丙烯酸酯15-20份、硅藻土10-12份、纳米丙烯酸酯橡胶粉末5-6份、磷酸酯改性胺复合物0.5-1.0份、玻璃纤维5-8份、硼酚醛树脂1-3份、羟基多元醇25-35份、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯50-55份、去离子水20-25份、偶联剂改性绢云母8-10份、滑石粉8-10份、云母粉5-10份、珍珠岩6-8份。
水性聚氨酯与聚丙烯酸酯的含量比例为1:1;纳米丙烯酸酯橡胶粉末与玻璃纤维的含量比例为0.8:1.0。
由上述配比的聚醚氨酯层,含水量较低,而且,水性聚氨酯具有良好的耐寒性、弹性、耐有机溶剂性等,但是其耐水性差,聚丙烯酸酯具有较好的耐水性、耐化学品和耐候性;水性聚氨酯/聚丙烯酸酯乳液实现了聚氨酯和聚丙烯酸酯两者的有机结合,水性聚氨酯与聚丙烯酸酯的含量比例为1:1,作为涂料的成膜物质,使得到的涂料不仅具有聚氨酯原有的耐寒性、弹性、耐有机溶剂性,而且添加的去离子水为20-25份,水含量较低,因此该聚醚氨酯层耐水性、耐化学品性和耐候性。
而且,滑石粉的含量偏高,可赋予涂料优异的可刷性、流平性和保光性,云母粉提供柔韧性,且硬度较高,涂层具有较好的耐冲击性,便于将涂料涂抹在基材1上;同时还能有效提高涂层的耐蚀性和干性,配合珍珠岩使用,可以提高涂料的吸音性和抗冻性能;
在本实施例中,在含水量低的聚醚氨酯层上涂抹多层阻尼性好的聚醚氨酯层,该含阻尼性好的聚醚氨酯层包括如下重量份的原料:水性聚氨酯15-20份、聚丙烯酸酯20-35份、偶联剂改性绢云母10-15份、滑石粉5-8份、云母粉8-10份、珍珠岩6-8份、硅藻土12-15份、纳米丙烯酸酯橡胶粉末6-8份、磷酸酯改性胺复合物0.5-1.0份、玻璃纤维5-8份、硼酚醛树脂1-3份、羟基多元醇25-35份、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯50-55份、去离子水25-30份。
所述水性聚氨酯与聚丙烯酸酯的含量比例为1:1.5-2.0;所述纳米丙烯酸酯橡胶粉末与玻璃纤维的含量比例为0.5:1.0。
水性聚氨酯的含量为15-20份、聚丙烯酸酯的含量为20-35份,可以配合较高含量的去离子水进行混合,结合硅藻土在该聚醚氨酯层的含量选取,利用硅藻土具有空隙度大,吸收性强、化学性质稳定、耐磨、耐热等特点,能为涂料提供优异的表面性能,增稠以及提高附着力,由于硅藻土具有较大的孔体积,能使涂膜缩短干燥时间,还可以减少树脂的用量,降低成本,加入的各种填料相互配合,不仅占据体系中高分子链段堆砌空间,并且可与聚合物大分子链间相互摩擦,增加了涂料的内损耗,提高了涂料的阻尼性能。
对本实施例所述聚醚氨酯层的阻尼涂料进行性能检测,其检测结果和技术指标如表1所示:
表1所述聚醚氨酯层的阻尼涂料性能检测结果和技术指标
本聚醚氨酯层中,阻尼层的表干、实干速度快,而且耐0#柴油、耐3%盐水性能好。
在本聚醚氨酯层中,绢云母为片状结构,比表面积大,具有良好的弹性与韧性,在涂料中能够提高填料与乳液间的接触面积,当遇到外界震动时,可以定向滑动,增加涂料的摩擦内损耗,同时,绢云母粒径小,可以提高涂料的表面密度,增加对声波的衰减,具有良好的耗损因子和隔声性能,提高了涂料的阻尼性能,但是绢云母的表面性质与乳液差别很大,两者的相容性差,偶联剂改性绢云母表面含有与有机物有效结合的基团,改变了其原来表面性质,能够与聚合物乳液更好的结合,与乳液的包覆性好,结合紧密,涂料具有更好的性能;硼酚醛树脂具有耐热性能好、成炭率高等显著特点,将其与磷酸酯改性胺复合物配合作为阻燃剂,改善了涂料的阻燃性,减少了易燃乳液燃烧给人们带来的损害,提高了涂料的性能。
以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出对于本领域的技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明结构的前提下,还可以作出若干变形和改进,这些都不会影响本发明实施的效果和专利的实用性。
Claims (10)
1.一种改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的施工方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:首先在基材(1)上设置阻尼涂料层(2),接着在阻尼涂料层(2)的表面凝固前铺撒砂粒层(3),然后在砂粒层(3)上方敷设甲板敷料(4)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的施工方法,其特征在于,在阻尼涂料层(2)凝的表面铺撒砂粒层(3)的沙粒直径为15-25目。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的施工方法,其特征在于,所述砂粒层(3)的沙粒直径为20目。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的施工方法,其特征在于,所述甲板敷料(4)包括水泥沙层和地板结构。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的施工方法,其特征在于,所述阻尼涂料层(2)包括阻尼层(5)和约束层(6),所述阻尼层(5)为聚醚氨酯层,所述约束层(6)为环氧树脂层。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的施工方法,其特征在于,所述聚醚氨酯层包括如下重量份的原料:水性聚氨酯15-35份、聚丙烯酸酯15-35份、偶联剂改性绢云母8-15份、滑石粉5-10份、云母粉5-10份、珍珠岩6-8份、硅藻土10-15份、纳米丙烯酸酯橡胶粉末5-8份、磷酸酯改性胺复合物0.5-1.0份、氢氧化镁3-6份、氢氧化铝5-12份、玻璃纤维5-8份、硼酚醛树脂1-3份、有机溶剂2-5份、成膜助剂2-7份、羟基多元醇25-35份、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯50-55份、去离子水20-30份。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的施工方法,其特征在于,在基材(1)上涂刷聚醚氨酯层时,先是涂刷几层含水量低的聚醚氨酯层在基材(1)上,该含水量低的聚醚氨酯层包括如下重量份的原料:水性聚氨酯15-20份、聚丙烯酸酯15-20份、偶联剂改性绢云母8-10份、滑石粉8-10份、云母粉5-10份、珍珠岩6-8份、硅藻土10-12份、纳米丙烯酸酯橡胶粉末5-6份、磷酸酯改性胺复合物0.5-1.0份、玻璃纤维5-8份、硼酚醛树脂1-3份、羟基多元醇25-35份、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯50-55份、去离子水20-25份。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的施工方法,其特征在于,所述水性聚氨酯与聚丙烯酸酯的含量比例为1:1;所述纳米丙烯酸酯橡胶粉末与玻璃纤维的含量比例为0.8:1.0。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的一种改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的施工方法,其特征在于,在含水量低的聚醚氨酯层上涂抹多层阻尼性好的聚醚氨酯层,该含阻尼性好的聚醚氨酯层包括如下重量份的原料:水性聚氨酯15-20份、聚丙烯酸酯20-35份、偶联剂改性绢云母10-15份、滑石粉5-8份、云母粉8-10份、珍珠岩6-8份、硅藻土12-15份、纳米丙烯酸酯橡胶粉末6-8份、磷酸酯改性胺复合物0.5-1.0份、玻璃纤维5-8份、硼酚醛树脂1-3份、羟基多元醇25-35份、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯50-55份、去离子水25-30份。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种改进阻尼涂料表面敷设甲板敷料的施工方法,其特征在于,所述水性聚氨酯与聚丙烯酸酯的含量比例为1:1.5-2.0;所述纳米丙烯酸酯橡胶粉末与玻璃纤维的含量比例为0.5:1.0。
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