CN114698604B - Method for breeding tussah larvae with hunger resistance and nutritional stress - Google Patents
Method for breeding tussah larvae with hunger resistance and nutritional stress Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000037351 starvation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000255789 Bombyx mori Species 0.000 claims description 52
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
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- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/04—Silkworms
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of tussah breeding, in particular to a method for breeding tussah larvae with hunger resistance and nutritional stress, which comprises the following steps: parent screening, step 2: parent combination, step 3, hybridization breeding. The invention obtains a new tussah variety with stronger adaptability to bad tussah gardens through starvation resistance and nutrition stress identification verification and pure-breed comparison test, the variety has better adaptability and starvation resistance to tussah gardens with hard tussah She Zhilao, the comprehensive production performance reaches the level of practical varieties, the phenomena of tussah She Laoying and early autumn tussah baking caused by soil deterioration of tussah gardens in tussah production are solved, and the problems of high loss rate of tussah larvae and frequent softening diseases are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tussah breeding, in particular to a method for breeding tussah larvae with hunger resistance and nutritional stress.
Background
The tussah lepidoptera big silkworm moth is originated from China, is a special silk-secreting insect with higher economic value in China, has cocoon yield accounting for more than 90% of the total world, becomes an important component in agricultural production in important silkworm areas, and is also a main economic source for some mountain farmers.
The tussah is bred in a field tussah garden, is greatly influenced by abiotic factors (low-temperature cold injury, strong wind, heavy rain, high temperature, drought, sun-drying, nutrition, starvation, pesticide pollution and the like) and biological factors (viruses, bacteria and the like), and especially has the problems that soil fertility of the tussah garden is reduced, tussah She Zhilao is hard, early-baking of autumn tussah is frequent in recent years, the loss rate of the tussah is high, and softening disease of the strong tussah is frequent, so that the yield of tussah cocoons in China is seriously influenced.
Starvation is one of adverse factors of animal growth, can influence the growth and development, metabolism, tissue structure, nutrition, physiological biochemistry, enzyme activity and immunity, disease prevention capability, reproduction habit, survival and the like of organisms, tussah is an economic insect which expects cocoons, in the whole generation, nutrient substances are obtained only by feeding tussah leaves in larval stage for the growth and development of silkworms and required vital activities, the existing research shows that when the silkworms are starved, the energy stored in the organisms is utilized to maintain the vital activities, thereby influencing normal metabolic activities in the silkworms and causing consumption of endogenous storage substances, the longer the starvation time is, the more the consumed physical ability is, the more the physical quality is reduced, and the growth and development of the silkworms and the main economic character performance are directly influenced, the tussah can face hunger stress and nutritional stress in the whole life cycle, the hunger and the poor tussah can bring a lot of adverse effects including self-immunity reduction, the life stress and the slow metabolism is reduced, so that the hunger can be subjected to the important research on the quality of the eggs, the tussah is stressed by the reverse-stressed and the quality of the tussah, and the tussah has important factors such as to resist the growth, the quality, the tussah has the important factors of being stressed and the reverse-stressed and the quality, and the quality of the tussah can resist the growth, and the quality has the important significance of the quality resistance to the growth resistance,
after the silkworm is subjected to hunger stress, the protein content in haemolymph is reduced, and DNA synthesis in silk glands is inhibited, so that the silk spinning quantity is reduced, and the economic character cocoon layer rate of the silkworm is reduced; hunger silkworms 12 and h, and the concentration of trehalose in blood stranguria increases and then decreases; starvation promotes apoptosis in silk glands of domestic animals induced by the fork-box transcription factor subfamily O (forkhead box transcription factor O, foxO).
However, the technology related to the breeding method of tussah varieties with hunger stress and nutrition stress is not related in the field. Therefore, a person skilled in the art provides a method for breeding tussah larvae with hunger resistance and nutritional stress resistance so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for breeding tussah larvae with hunger resistance and nutritional stress resistance, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for breeding tussah larvae with hunger resistance and nutritional stress comprises the following steps:
step 1, parent screening: collecting 12 parts of single moths of tussah varieties with characteristics, breeding 10 single moths in each variety, investigating egg laying amount, practical hatching rate, silkworm cocoon collecting rate, morbidity, thousand kernel cocoon weight and kilogram egg cocoon collecting amount, analyzing main components by using DPS data processing software, calculating comprehensive scores of comprehensive production performances of the varieties, sorting the comprehensive production performances, and screening tussah varieties with excellent economic and vitality traits;
step 2, parent assembly: selecting high-quality, high-yield and high-feed conversion efficiency tussah variety Liaojun 582 as female parent, selecting strong-disease-resistance tussah variety as male parent, preparing hybridization combination so as to obtain F 1 Substitution;
step 3, hybridization breeding: f (F) 1 On the basis of optimal spawning amount and practical hatching rate in one day, wild termite harvesting is carried out, the hybrid is identified in the period of strong silkworm, the moths with body color impurities and uneven development are removed, the counterfeits are removed, the true hybrid is mixed with the nest cocoons, the mixed harvest is carried out, and F with excellent cocoon quality and consistent cocoon color is screened 1 Seed-reserving selfing of individuals to obtain F 2 Substitution;
method of using hunger stress and nutrient stress on F 2 The breeding is carried out on the generations, the yield character, the vitality character and the cocoon quality character are identified after cocoon collection, and a good moth area and individuals are selected for subculture;
F 3 -F 7 substitute repeat F 2 The step of generation, namely, forming tussah strains with stable characters finally;
F 8 -F 9 identifying hunger resistance and nutritional stress;
F 8 -F 13 and (3) carrying out a 3-year 6-generation pure-breed district comparison test and a propagation test to finally obtain a new tussah variety with strong stress resistance and disease resistance, high quality and high yield.
As a further aspect of the present invention: in the step 1, the single moth seed production and stocking adopts the current practical tussah variety in tussah production.
As a further aspect of the present invention: in the step 2, the tussah varieties required by the hybrid are prepared, a male parent and a female parent are selected from the varieties with high comprehensive scores, and a moth region with high single-region cocoon yield, low morbidity and high cocoon yield is selected from the female parent and the male parent to be used as the hybrid.
As a further aspect of the present invention: f (F) 2 The specific method for substitution hunger stress and nutrition stress stocking is as follows:
young silkworm period: selecting 40 moth areas with high egg yield, more eggs and high practical hatching rate for stocking, putting tussah leaves dried in advance in an ant collecting bag before hatching, preventing the hatched silkworms from being mutually scratched and infected during starvation, taking out unhatched tussah silkworms for being eliminated and counted in the daytime afternoon when the tussah silkworms hatched are hatched, starving the hatched young silkworms for 36 hours at normal temperature, then normally collecting the ants for stocking on 3-5-year-old tussahs, recording the survival individual number of each moth area when the female silkworms are moved into two sites after nutrition stress, and selecting the moth areas with high survival rate and uniform development for subculture;
silkworm strengthening period: removing moth areas with more moths of heterochrome silkworms and weak silkworms, and performing individual selection;
cocoon period: and (3) identifying the yield character, vitality character and cocoon quality character after cocoon harvesting, and selecting excellent moth areas and individual subculture.
As a further aspect of the present invention: f (F) 8 -F 9 The method for identifying hunger resistance and nutritional stress of the generation is as follows:
s1: selecting two lines, namely, adopting starvation-resistant and nutritional stress stocking and not adopting starvation-resistant and nutritional stress stocking;
s2: 20 high-quality moths are selected from each line, after 20 moths are spawned for one day and night, the eggs in a moths area with more and rapid spawning and high yield are selected to be mixed with each other, each line is repeated for 5 times, 4g of eggs are repeated each time, hunger is carried out for 36 hours after hatching, then the moths are bred and put in the oak for 3-5 years, survival rate is investigated when the oak is transferred into two places, and morbidity, thousand-grain cocoon weight and kilogram egg cocoon yield are investigated after cocoon collection.
As a further aspect of the present invention: the cell comparison test specifically comprises the following steps: each variety is put in 16 repeated areas, and the egg laying amount, the practical hatching rate, the termite-harvesting cocoon yield, the morbidity, the thousand kernel cocoon weight and the kilogram egg cocoon yield of single moths are investigated after harvest.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention is from F 2 The artificial selection of hunger stress and nutrition stress is carried out on young silkworms in the larva stage, and 6 generations are continuously pressed, so that the problems of high loss rate of tussah larvae and frequent softening of diseases caused by early drying of tussah She Laoying and autumn tussah due to soil deterioration of tussah garden in tussah production are solved, individuals with weaker vitality are naturally eliminated only by means of natural selection force in the traditional variety breeding process, and even the young silkworms are artificially protected, so that the bred variety is poor in stress resistance and disease resistance and cannot meet the requirements of tussah production;
the selection method of the organic engagement in the young silkworm period mainly adopts manual selection and natural selection as assistance, has strong pertinence, good effect and high efficiency, and can greatly shorten the breeding period;
the artificial selection is carried out in the young silkworm period, so that the environmental error (the tussah is bred in the wild and greatly influenced by environmental conditions, the longer the survival time is, the larger the difference between the moth area and the individual caused by the inconsistent environment is), and the accuracy of the selection is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a breeding technical route of a novel variety breeding method of tussah.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for breeding tussah larvae with hunger resistance and nutritional stress resistance, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, parent screening: collecting 12 parts of single moths of tussah varieties with characteristics, breeding 10 single moths in each variety, investigating egg laying amount, practical hatching rate, silkworm cocoon collecting rate, morbidity, thousand kernel cocoon weight and kilogram egg cocoon collecting amount, analyzing main components by using DPS data processing software, calculating comprehensive scores of comprehensive production performances of the varieties, sorting the comprehensive production performances, and screening tussah varieties with excellent economic and vitality traits;
step 2, parent assembly: selecting Liaojun silkworm 582 as female parent and selecting tussah silkworm with high quality, high yield and high feed conversion efficiencyPreparing hybrid combination to obtain F 1 Substitution;
step 3, hybridization breeding: f (F) 1 On the basis of optimal spawning amount and practical hatching rate in one day, wild termite harvesting is carried out, the hybrid is identified in the period of strong silkworm, the moths with body color impurities and uneven development are removed, the counterfeits are removed, the true hybrid is mixed with the nest cocoons, the mixed harvest is carried out, and F with excellent cocoon quality and consistent cocoon color is screened 1 Seed-reserving selfing of individuals to obtain F 2 Substitution;
method of using hunger stress and nutrient stress on F 2 The breeding is carried out on the generations, the yield character, the vitality character and the cocoon quality character are identified after cocoon collection, and a good moth area and individuals are selected for subculture;
F 3 -F 7 substitute repeat F 2 The step of generation, namely, forming tussah strains with stable characters finally;
F 8 -F 9 identifying hunger resistance and nutritional stress;
F 8 -F 13 and (3) carrying out a 3-year 6-generation pure-breed district comparison test and a propagation test to finally obtain a new tussah variety with strong stress resistance and disease resistance, high quality and high yield.
Further, in the step 1, the single moth seed production and stocking adopts the current practical tussah variety in tussah production.
Further, in the step 2, the tussah varieties required by the hybrid are prepared, a male parent and a female parent are selected from varieties with high comprehensive scores, and a moth region with high single-region cocoon yield, low morbidity and high excellent cocoon rate is selected from the female parent and the male parent to serve as the hybrid.
Further, F 2 The specific method for substitution hunger stress and nutrition stress stocking is as follows:
young silkworm period: selecting 40 moth areas with high egg yield, more eggs and high practical hatching rate for stocking, putting tussah leaves dried in advance in an ant collecting bag before hatching, preventing the hatched silkworms from being mutually scratched and infected during starvation, taking out unhatched tussah silkworms for being eliminated and counted in the daytime afternoon when the tussah silkworms hatched are hatched, starving the hatched young silkworms for 36 hours at normal temperature, then normally collecting the ants for stocking on 3-5-year-old tussahs, recording the survival individual number of each moth area when the female silkworms are moved into two sites after nutrition stress, and selecting the moth areas with high survival rate and uniform development for subculture;
silkworm strengthening period: removing moth areas with more moths of heterochrome silkworms and weak silkworms, and performing individual selection;
cocoon period: and (3) identifying the yield character, vitality character and cocoon quality character after cocoon harvesting, and selecting excellent moth areas and individual subculture.
Further, F 8 -F 9 The method for identifying hunger resistance and nutritional stress of the generation is as follows:
s1: selecting two lines, namely, adopting starvation-resistant and nutritional stress stocking and not adopting starvation-resistant and nutritional stress stocking;
s2: 20 high-quality moths are selected from each line, after 20 moths are spawned for one day and night, the eggs in a moths area with more and rapid spawning and high yield are selected to be mixed with each other, each line is repeated for 5 times, 4g of eggs are repeated each time, hunger is carried out for 36 hours after hatching, then the moths are bred and put in the oak for 3-5 years, survival rate is investigated when the oak is transferred into two places, and morbidity, thousand-grain cocoon weight and kilogram egg cocoon yield are investigated after cocoon collection.
Further, the cell comparison test specifically comprises the following steps: each variety is put in 16 repeated areas, and the egg laying amount, the practical hatching rate, the termite-harvesting cocoon yield, the morbidity, the thousand kernel cocoon weight and the kilogram egg cocoon yield of single moths are investigated after harvest.
To sum up: the Liaoning silkworm 582 of the high-quality high-yield high-feed-efficiency tussah variety is used as a female parent, and the resistance of the tussah variety with strong disease resistance is used as a male parent to carry out hybridization to obtain F 1 Generation, next generation using F 1 Selfing the generation to generate F 2 The first generation, individual selection of the separated group, after hatching of the spring and autumn silkworm, starving for 36 hours at normal temperature, then selecting 3-5 years old oak to carry out nutrition stress on the silkworm, selecting a moth area with high survival rate and uniform growth speed and individual subculture when the silkworm is moved into two fields, selecting a moth area with high larva life rate and heavy thousand-kernel cocoon weight for seed reserving subculture after cocoon picking, and F 3 -F 7 Substitute repeat F 2 The breeding process includes selfing, homozygosity and systematic selection for over 6 generations to form strain, and hunger resistanceHunger and nutrition stress identification verification and pure-breed comparison tests are carried out to obtain a new tussah variety with stronger adaptability to bad tussah gardens, the variety has better adaptability and hunger resistance to tussah gardens with hard tussah She Zhilao, the comprehensive production performance of the variety reaches the level of practical varieties in production, the phenomena of tussah She Laoying and early autumn tussah baking caused by soil deterioration of tussah gardens in tussah production are solved, and the problems of high loss rate of tussah larvae and frequent softening diseases are reduced.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical solution of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for breeding tussah larvae with hunger resistance and nutritional stress is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, parent screening: collecting 12 parts of single moths of tussah varieties with characteristics, breeding 10 single moths in each variety, investigating egg laying amount, practical hatching rate, silkworm cocoon collecting rate, morbidity, thousand kernel cocoon weight and kilogram egg cocoon collecting amount, analyzing main components by using DPS data processing software, calculating comprehensive scores of comprehensive production performances of the varieties, sorting the comprehensive production performances, and screening tussah varieties with excellent economic and vitality traits;
step 2, parent assembly: selecting high-quality, high-yield and high-feed conversion efficiency tussah variety Liaojun 582 as female parent, selecting strong-disease-resistance tussah variety as male parent, preparing hybridization combination so as to obtain F 1 Substitution;
step 3, hybridization breeding: f (F) 1 On the basis of optimal spawning amount and practical hatching rate in one day, wild termite harvesting is carried out, the hybrid is identified in the period of strong silkworm, the moths with body color impurities and uneven development are removed, the counterfeits are removed, the true hybrid is mixed with the nest cocoons, the mixed harvest is carried out, and F with excellent cocoon quality and consistent cocoon color is screened 1 Seed-reserving selfing of individuals to obtain F 2 Substitution;
method of using hunger stress and nutrient stress on F 2 The breeding is carried out on the generations, the yield character, the vitality character and the cocoon quality character are identified after cocoon collection, and a good moth area and individuals are selected for subculture;
F 3 -F 7 substitute repeat F 2 The step of generation, namely, forming tussah strains with stable characters finally;
F 8 -F 9 identifying hunger resistance and nutritional stress;
F 8 -F 13 the generation is subjected to a 3-year 6-generation pure-breed cell comparison test and a propagation test, and a new tussah variety with strong stress resistance and disease resistance, high quality and high yield is finally obtained;
F 2 the specific method for substitution hunger stress and nutrition stress stocking is as follows:
young silkworm period: selecting 40 moth areas with high egg yield, more eggs and high practical hatching rate for stocking, putting tussah leaves dried in advance in an ant collecting bag before hatching, preventing the hatched silkworms from being mutually scratched and infected during starvation, taking out unhatched tussah silkworms for being eliminated and counted in the daytime afternoon when the tussah silkworms hatched are hatched, starving the hatched young silkworms for 36 hours at normal temperature, then normally collecting the ants for stocking on 3-5-year-old tussahs, recording the survival individual number of each moth area when the female silkworms are moved into two sites after nutrition stress, and selecting the moth areas with high survival rate and uniform development for subculture;
silkworm strengthening period: removing moth areas with more moths of heterochrome silkworms and weak silkworms, and performing individual selection;
cocoon period: identifying the yield character, vitality character and cocoon quality character after cocoon harvesting, and selecting excellent moth areas and individual subculture;
F 8 -F 9 the method for identifying hunger resistance and nutritional stress of the generation is as follows:
s1: selecting two lines, namely, adopting starvation-resistant and nutritional stress stocking and not adopting starvation-resistant and nutritional stress stocking;
s2: 20 high-quality moths are selected from each line, after 20 moths are spawned for one day and night, the eggs in a moths area with more and rapid spawning and high yield are selected to be mixed with each other, each line is repeated for 5 times, 4g of eggs are repeated each time, hunger is carried out for 36 hours after hatching, then the moths are bred and put in the oak for 3-5 years, survival rate is investigated when the oak is transferred into two places, and morbidity, thousand-grain cocoon weight and kilogram egg cocoon yield are investigated after cocoon collection.
2. The method for breeding tussah larvae with hunger resistance and nutritional stress resistance according to claim 1, wherein the single moth breeding and stocking in step 1 adopts the current practical tussah variety in tussah production.
3. The method for breeding tussah larvae with hunger resistance and nutritional stress resistance according to claim 1, wherein the tussah varieties required by the hybrid are prepared in the step 2, a male parent is selected from the varieties with high comprehensive scores, and a moth region with high single-region cocoon yield, low morbidity and high excellent cocoon rate is selected from the female parent and the male parent as the hybrid.
4. The method for breeding tussah larvae with hunger resistance and nutritional stress resistance according to claim 1, wherein the specific method for cell comparison test is as follows: each variety is put in 16 repeated areas, and the egg laying amount, the practical hatching rate, the termite-harvesting cocoon yield, the morbidity, the thousand kernel cocoon weight and the kilogram egg cocoon yield of single moths are investigated after harvest.
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|---|---|
| CN114698604A (en) | 2022-07-05 |
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