CN114685342A - 一种左乙拉西坦衍生物、免疫原、抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种左乙拉西坦衍生物、免疫原、抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114685342A CN114685342A CN202011561250.4A CN202011561250A CN114685342A CN 114685342 A CN114685342 A CN 114685342A CN 202011561250 A CN202011561250 A CN 202011561250A CN 114685342 A CN114685342 A CN 114685342A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种左乙拉西坦衍生物、免疫原、抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体及其制备方法与应用。首先将新型左乙拉西坦衍生物与经过基因工程改造得到的重组鸭卵清白蛋白偶联制得左乙拉西坦人工抗原,再用左乙拉西坦人工抗原免疫实验动物获得抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体,经ELISA检测表明该特异性抗体的特异性强、灵敏度高,干扰实验显示该特异性抗体与100种常见药物无任何交叉反应;将抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体应用于制备左乙拉西坦检测试剂,包括左乙拉西坦均相酶免疫检测试剂与左乙拉西坦胶乳增强免疫比浊检测试剂,所述检测试剂可以实现在全自动生化分析仪上对左乙拉西坦的高通量、快速化检测。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种左乙拉西坦衍生物、免疫原、抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体及其制备方法与应用,属于生物医学检测技术领域。
背景技术
左乙拉西坦(leve-tiracetam,LEV)是一种新型抗癫痫药物(AED),左乙拉西坦的化学名称为(S)-α-乙基-2-氧代-1-吡咯烷乙酰胺,由S-2-氨基丁酰胺盐酸盐和4-氯丁酰氯为起始原料,经环合反应得环合物(左乙拉西坦粗品),对粗品精制得到终产品左乙拉西坦,其分子式为:C8H14N2O2,相对分子量为:170.21。主要通过选择性抑制癫痫样突发放电超同步性和癫痫发作的传播而发挥疗效,属于吡咯烷酮衍生物。我国国家食品药品监督管理局批准的适应症为:用于成人及4岁以上儿童癫痫患者部分性发作的添加治疗。本品具有生物利用度高、药动学呈线性、蛋白结合率低、肝脏代谢少、能快速获得稳定血药浓度和药物相互作用小等特点,是临床用药较安全的药物。
左乙拉西坦剂量与血药浓度相关性良好,超过12h采血,左乙拉西坦剂量与血药浓度相关性差。由于肾功能不全对左乙拉西坦的清除率有关,因此应针对肾功能不全患者调整左乙拉西坦的用药剂量。无论是左乙拉西坦单独使用,还是与其他药物联合使用,其血药浓度不受联合用药影响;左乙拉西坦药物不良反应多发生于用药初期,如:嗜睡、睡眠不佳、烦躁、易怒、食欲不佳、恶心呕吐、腹痛、腹泻等。耐受后多数症状可自行缓解,无严重药物不良反应发生。左乙拉西坦在儿童体内消除速率快,半衰期短,用药依从性差,且癫痫患儿需长期服药,因此在儿科临床用药时,通过对左乙拉西坦的血药浓度进行监测,可为患儿提高疗效、服药依从性和观察特殊状态药代动力学(肾功能异常、老人、孩子、孕妇等)提供依据。因此左乙拉西坦的血药浓度与服药剂量和种类及患者的个体差异都有很大关系,需要在治疗过程中进行血药浓度监测以便更好的控制癫痫。
左乙拉西坦的血药浓度检测方法有多种,包括液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)、高效液相色谱法(HPLC)等。液相色谱-串联质谱法可大大简化样品纯化过程,且结果不受左乙拉西坦代谢产物的干扰,线性范围广、定量下限低,但对试验的要求较高,其前处理较为复杂,条件不易控制。高效液相色谱法具有准确、灵敏、廉价的特点,但测定时间较长,测定结果中常常包含代谢物浓度,且该方法检测浓度有限,操作繁琐、重现性较差,难以实现自动化监测,制约了其在临床检测上的大规模使用。
因此,目前市面上缺乏线性范围宽、灵敏度高、准确度高、精密度高,检测时间短,样品处理简单,仪器自动化程度高,可多样本连续检测的左乙拉西坦检测产品。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种左乙拉西坦衍生物,该衍生物为新合成的化合物,自然界中不存在。
本发明的第一个目的采用以下技术方案实现:一种左乙拉西坦衍生物,其结构式如式Ⅰ所示:
本发明的第二个目的在于提供一种如上所述的左乙拉西坦衍生物的合成方法,该合成方法不同于常规合成方法,具有良好的合成效果,显著提高了左乙拉西坦衍生物的合成效率。
本发明的第二个目的采用以下技术方案实现:一种如上述结构式Ⅰ所示的左乙拉西坦衍生物的合成方法,反应过程如下式所示:
具体的,反应过程包括以下步骤:
(A1)化合物2的合成:
将化合物1 (22 g,129.4 mmol)与NaH (6.28 g,155.3 mmol)共同溶解于DMF (1L)中,然后在室温下加入5-溴戊酸苄酯(53 g,194 mmol)制成反应混合物。将此反应混合液搅拌18 小时,然后加入2 L纯化水终止反应。将反应结束后的溶液用DCM (1 L)进行萃取,重复3次,将萃取得到的有机层用Na2SO4进行干燥,并在真空中浓缩。将所得残留物通过快速色谱层析柱(乙酸乙酯:己烷0-50%)进行纯化,得到化合物2。
(A2)左乙拉西坦衍生物的合成:
将化合物2 (3.0 g,8.3 mmol)与钯碳催化剂(500 mg)共同溶解于THF (50 mL)中制成反应混合物,将此反应混合物在H2条件下搅拌3小时。将反应结束后的反应混合物进行过滤,然后在真空中进行浓缩。将所得残留物通过快速色谱层析柱(甲醇:二氯甲烷0-10%)进行纯化,得到左乙拉西坦衍生物。
本发明的第三个目的在于提供一种左乙拉西坦免疫原。
本发明的第三个目的采用以下技术方案实现:一种左乙拉西坦免疫原,所述左乙拉西坦免疫原由上述结构式Ⅰ所示的左乙拉西坦衍生物与载体蛋白连接而成,其结构式如式Ⅱ所示:
其中,载体蛋白为重组鸭卵清白蛋白,进一步地,所述重组鸭卵清白蛋白的氨基酸序列如序列表SEQ ID NO:1所示。
重组鸭卵清白蛋白的氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:1)具体如下:
MGSIGAASTEFCFDVFRELRVQHVNENIKYSPFSIISALAMVYLGARDNTRTQIDKKVHFDKLPGFGESMEAQCGTSVSVHKSLRDILTQITKPSDNFSLSFASRLYAEKTYAILPEYLQCVKELYKGGLESISFQTAKDQARELINSWVESQTNGIIKNILQPSKVDSQTTMVLVNAIYFKGMWEKAFKDEDTQAMPFRMTEQKSKPVQMMYQVGSFKVAMVTSEKMKILELPFASGKMSMFVLLPDEVSGLEQLESTISFEKLTEWTSKTMMEERRMKVYLPRMKMEKKYNLTSVFMALGMTDLFSSSANMSGISKTVSLKMSEAVHAACVEIFEAGRDVKGSAEAGMDVTSVSEKFRADHPFLFFIKHNPTNSILFFGRWMSP
本发明的第四个目的在于提供一种如上所述的左乙拉西坦免疫原的制备方法。
本发明的第四个目的采用以下技术方案实现:一种如上所述的左乙拉西坦免疫原的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(B1)载体蛋白溶液的制备:将上述的重组鸭卵清白蛋白溶解于磷酸盐缓冲液中,得到载体蛋白溶液;
(B2)左乙拉西坦衍生物溶液的制备:将上述结构式Ⅰ所示的左乙拉西坦衍生物与二甲基甲酰胺、乙醇、磷酸钾缓冲液、1-乙基-3-(-3-二甲氨丙基)碳二亚胺和N-羟基硫代琥珀酰亚胺混合,搅拌溶解,得到左乙拉西坦衍生物溶液;
(B3)左乙拉西坦免疫原的合成:将步骤(B2)得到的左乙拉西坦衍生物溶液加入到步骤(B1)得到的载体蛋白溶液中,搅拌反应,经透析纯化,得到左乙拉西坦免疫原。
具体的,所述左乙拉西坦免疫原的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(b1)载体蛋白溶液的制备:将重组鸭卵清白蛋白溶解于0.35mol/L的磷酸钾缓冲液(pH=8.5)中,重组鸭卵清白蛋白的终浓度为5.0mg/mL,得到载体蛋白溶液;
(b2)左乙拉西坦衍生物溶液的制备:将250.0mg上述的左乙拉西坦衍生物、7.5mL二甲基甲酰胺、7.5mL乙醇、15.0mL的磷酸钾缓冲液(10.0mmol/L,pH=8.0)、150.0mg 1-乙基-3-(-3-二甲氨丙基)碳二亚胺、90.0mg N-羟基硫代琥珀酰亚胺混合,搅拌溶解反应3小时,得到左乙拉西坦衍生物溶液;
(b3)左乙拉西坦免疫原的合成:将步骤(b2)得到的左乙拉西坦衍生物溶液逐滴加入到步骤(b1)得到的载体蛋白溶液中,并在-4℃下搅拌过夜,经透析纯化,得到左乙拉西坦免疫原。
本发明的第五个目的在于提供一种抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体。
本发明的第五个目的采用以下技术方案实现:一种抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体,所述抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体为使用上述的左乙拉西坦免疫原对实验动物进行注射后所得到的特异性抗体,所述的实验动物为兔子、山羊、绵羊、小鼠、大鼠、豚鼠或马中的一种。
本发明的第六个目的在于提供一种如上所述的抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体的制备方法。
本发明的第六个目的采用以下技术方案实现:一种如上所述的抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体的制备方法,包含以下步骤:
(C1)将上述的左乙拉西坦免疫原用磷酸盐缓冲液稀释,得到左乙拉西坦人工抗原溶液,然后将左乙拉西坦人工抗原溶液与等量弗氏完全佐剂混合,对上述的实验动物进行多点注射;
(C2)3-6周后,再用相同的左乙拉西坦人工抗原溶液与等量弗氏不完全佐剂混合,对上述实验动物进行多点注射,之后每隔3-6周注射一次,共计注射3-10次;
(C3)对步骤(C2)中完成注射的实验动物取血,分离纯化,得到抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体。
具体的,所述抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体的制备方法,包含以下步骤:
(c1)将上述的左乙拉西坦免疫原用0.15mol/L磷酸钠缓冲液(pH=7.0)稀释至终浓度为3.5mg/mL,得到人工抗原溶液,然后将3.0mL人工抗原溶液与等量弗氏完全佐剂混合,对实验动物兔子进行多点注射;
(c2)4周后,再用3.0mL相同的人工抗原溶液与等量弗氏不完全佐剂对上述实验动物兔子进行多点注射,之后每隔5周注射一次,共计注射6次;
(c3)对步骤(c2)完成注射的实验动物兔子取血,分离纯化,得到抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体。
本发明的第七个目的在于提供一种如上所述的抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体的应用。
本发明的第七个目的采用以下技术方案实现:一种如上所述的抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体的应用,将所述抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体用于制备左乙拉西坦检测试剂,所述左乙拉西坦检测试剂包括左乙拉西坦均相酶免疫检测试剂与左乙拉西坦胶乳增强免疫比浊检测试剂。
优选地,上述的抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体的应用,所述左乙拉西坦均相酶免疫检测试剂,由R1试剂与R2试剂组成,所述R1试剂包含上述的抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体与R1缓冲液,所述R2试剂包含左乙拉西坦葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶标记偶联物与R2缓冲液;
所述的R1缓冲液含有酶底物、辅酶、牛血清白蛋白及Tris缓冲液,所述的酶底物为葡萄糖-6-磷酸,所述的辅酶为氧化型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸;
所述的左乙拉西坦葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶标记偶联物由上述结构式Ⅰ所示的左乙拉西坦衍生物与葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶偶联而成;其结构式如式Ⅲ所示:
所述的R2缓冲液为含有牛血清白蛋白的Tris缓冲液。
具体的,所述左乙拉西坦均相酶免疫检测试剂的制备方法,包含以下步骤:
(D1)将250.0mg牛血清白蛋白、250.0mg葡萄糖-6-磷酸及50.0mg氧化型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸依次加入250mL Tris缓冲液(50mmol/L,pH=8.5)中搅拌溶解制成R1缓冲液,再将抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体以1∶1000的体积比加入到上述R1缓冲液中混匀,再用1.0mol/L的盐酸调节pH至7.6,制成R1试剂;
(D2)将250.0mg牛血清白蛋白加入250mL Tris缓冲液(100mmol/L,pH=8.7)中搅拌溶解制成R2缓冲液,再将左乙拉西坦葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶标记偶联物以1∶1000的体积比加入到上述R2缓冲液中混匀,再用1.0 mol/L的盐酸调节pH至8.0,制成R2试剂。
所述的左乙拉西坦葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶标记偶联物的制备方法,包含以下步骤:
(E1)称取20.0 mg活力单位为200KU的葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶,在室温条件下溶解于50.0mL磷酸钠(100mmol/L,pH=8.0)缓冲液中,然后加入150.0 mg还原态的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸、75.0 mg葡萄糖-6-磷酸以及0.75 mL卡必醇,再逐滴加入2.5 mL二甲基亚砜,搅拌溶解,得到葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶溶液;
(E2)在无水状态下称取15.0 mg上述结构式Ⅰ所示的左乙拉西坦衍生物,溶解于500.0 µL二甲基甲酰胺中,将上述溶液温度降到0℃后加入4.5 µL三丁胺、2.5 µL氯甲酸异丁酯、3.5 µL N,N′-二环己基碳二亚胺,0℃下搅拌45分钟,得到左乙拉西坦衍生物激活液;
(E3)将左乙拉西坦衍生物激活液逐滴加入到葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶溶液中,-4℃搅拌反应12小时,反应结束后经G-25凝胶层析柱纯化得到左乙拉西坦葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶标记偶联物。
优选地,上述的抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体的应用,所述左乙拉西坦胶乳增强免疫比浊检测试剂,由L1试剂与L2试剂组成;
所述L1试剂由上述的抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体、pH=8.0的缓冲液、牛血清白蛋白、氯化钠、吐温-20、丙三醇、乙二胺四乙酸、促凝剂以及防腐剂组成;
所述L2试剂由左乙拉西坦-牛血清白蛋白复合体包被的聚苯乙烯胶乳颗粒、pH=8.0的缓冲液、牛血清白蛋白、氯化钠、吐温-20、丙三醇、乙二胺四乙酸以及防腐剂组成;
所述的左乙拉西坦-牛血清白蛋白复合体由上述结构式Ⅰ所示的左乙拉西坦衍生物与牛血清白蛋白偶联而成,其结构式如式Ⅳ所示:
所述的聚苯乙烯胶乳颗粒直径范围为50-250nm;
所述的缓冲液为磷酸盐缓冲液、甘氨酸缓冲液、MES缓冲液、硼酸盐缓冲液、Tris-HCl缓冲液或巴比妥缓冲液中的一种;
所述促凝剂为PEG-4000、PEG-6000、PEG-8000或硫酸葡聚糖钠中的一种;
所述防腐剂为叠氮钠、硫柳汞、苯酚或乙基汞硫代硫酸钠中的一种。
具体的,所述左乙拉西坦胶乳增强免疫比浊检测试剂的制备方法,包含以下步骤:
(F1)将5.0mL的抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体溶解于250.0mL磷酸钾缓冲液(50.0mmol/L pH=8.0)中,然后添加100.0mg牛血清白蛋白、25.0mg氯化钠、250.0μL吐温-20、250.0μL丙三醇、100.0μL的乙二胺四乙酸、150.0μL的PEG-4000以及5.0mg叠氮钠,搅拌均匀,调节pH=7.3,制成L1试剂;
(F2)将1.5mg表面带有羧基的直径为125nm的聚苯乙烯胶乳颗粒加入15.0mL的MES缓冲液(50.0mmol/L,pH=7.0)中,然后加入5.0mg碳二亚胺,在25℃下反应3小时,制成胶乳颗粒溶液,再将1.2mg左乙拉西坦-牛血清白蛋白复合体用7.5mL的硼酸盐缓冲液(50.0mmol/L,pH=9.2)稀释后,立即加入到上述胶乳颗粒溶液中,在41℃下反应18小时,然后加入3.0mL的甘氨酸缓冲液(100.0mmol/L,pH=8.0)搅拌3小时,反应终止后离心去除上清液,再将沉淀物用20.0mL的Tris-HCl缓冲液(50.0mmol/L,pH=8.0)洗涤3次,再用50.0mL的甘氨酸缓冲液(50.0mmol/L,pH=8.6)稀释成胶乳悬浊液,最后加入质量分数为100.0mg牛血清白蛋白、25.0mg氯化钠、250.0μL吐温-20、250.0μL丙三醇、100.0μL的乙二胺四乙酸以及5.0mg叠氮钠,搅拌均匀,制成L2试剂。
所述的左乙拉西坦-牛血清白蛋白复合体的制备方法,包含以下步骤:
将10.0mg牛血清白蛋白用7.5mL的磷酸钠缓冲液(100.0mmol/L,pH=7.5)稀释,然后加入100.0mg上述结构式Ⅰ所示的左乙拉西坦衍生物,再加入50.0mg的1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺,在0℃下反应10 小时,再用100.0mL磷酸盐缓冲液(100.0mmol/L,pH=7.5)在-4℃下透析12小时,得到左乙拉西坦-牛血清白蛋白复合体。
相比现有技术,本发明的有益效果在于:
1、本发明设计的左乙拉西坦衍生物及其合成方法均为针对性的新设计与研究,在现有技术中并不存在。
2、本发明使用经过基因工程改造得到的重组鸭卵清白蛋白与左乙拉西坦衍生物偶联得到左乙拉西坦免疫原,偶联效率高,显著提高左乙拉西坦免疫原的免疫原性。使用本发明的左乙拉西坦免疫原制备得到的抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体的特异性强、灵敏度高,并且与100种常见药物无任何交叉反应,因此能够用于制备具有较高的准确性、精密度、灵敏度和特异性的左乙拉西坦检测试剂。
3、本发明的两种左乙拉西坦检测试剂可以实现在全自动生化分析仪上对左乙拉西坦高通量、快速化的检测,能同时测定多个样品,具有操作简便、灵敏度高、特异性强、结果准确等优点,还能有效降低左乙拉西坦检测成本,有利于临床推广使用。
附图说明
图1为实施例4 左乙拉西坦的ELISA检测标准曲线;
图2为实施例8左乙拉西坦均相酶免疫检测试剂校准曲线;
图3为实施例10左乙拉西坦胶乳增强免疫比浊检测试剂校准曲线。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图以及具体实施方式,对本发明做进一步描述,这些附图均为简化的示意图,仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本结构,因此其仅显示与本发明有关的构成。除非特别指明,以下实施例中所用的试剂、仪器、设备、耗材均可从正规渠道商购买获得。
实施例1:左乙拉西坦衍生物的合成
通过以下合成路线合成左乙拉西坦衍生物:
具体的合成步骤如下:
(1)化合物2的合成:
将化合物1 (22 g,129.4 mmol)与NaH (6.28 g,155.3 mmol)共同溶解于DMF (1L)中,然后在室温下加入5-溴戊酸苄酯(53 g,194 mmol)制成反应混合物。将此反应混合液搅拌18 小时,然后加入2 L纯化水终止反应。将反应结束后的溶液用DCM (1 L)进行萃取,重复3次,将萃取得到的有机层用Na2SO4进行干燥,并在真空中浓缩。将所得残留物通过快速色谱层析柱(乙酸乙酯:己烷0-50%)进行纯化,得到3 g化合物2为白色固体,产率为6.4%。
(2)左乙拉西坦衍生物的合成:
将化合物2 (3.0 g,8.3 mmol)与钯碳催化剂(500 mg)共同溶解于THF (50 mL)中制成反应混合物,将此反应混合物在H2条件下搅拌3小时。将反应结束后的反应混合物进行过滤,然后在真空中进行浓缩。将所得残留物通过快速色谱层析柱(甲醇:二氯甲烷0-10%)进行纯化,得到1.6 g白色固体状的左乙拉西坦衍生物,产率71%。
实施例2:左乙拉西坦免疫原的制备
左乙拉西坦免疫原的制备方法具体步骤如下:
(1)载体蛋白溶液的制备:将重组鸭卵清白蛋白溶解于0.35mol/L的磷酸钾缓冲液(pH=8.5)中,重组鸭卵清白蛋白的终浓度为5.0mg/mL,得到载体蛋白溶液;
(2)左乙拉西坦衍生物溶液的制备:将250.0mg上述的左乙拉西坦衍生物、7.5mL二甲基甲酰胺、7.5mL乙醇、15.0mL的磷酸钾缓冲液(10.0mmol/L,pH=8.0)、150.0mg 1-乙基-3-(-3-二甲氨丙基)碳二亚胺、90.0mg N-羟基硫代琥珀酰亚胺混合,搅拌溶解反应3小时,得到左乙拉西坦衍生物溶液;
(3)左乙拉西坦免疫原的合成:将步骤(2)得到的左乙拉西坦衍生物溶液逐滴加入到步骤(1)得到的载体蛋白溶液中,并在-4℃下搅拌过夜,经透析纯化,得到左乙拉西坦免疫原。
实施例3:抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体的制备
抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体的制备方法具体步骤如下:
(1)将上述的左乙拉西坦免疫原用0.15mol/L磷酸钠缓冲液(pH=7.0)稀释至终浓度为3.5mg/mL,得到人工抗原溶液,然后将3.0mL人工抗原溶液与等量弗氏完全佐剂混合,对实验动物兔子进行多点注射;
(2)4周后,再用3.0mL相同的人工抗原溶液与等量弗氏不完全佐剂对上述实验动物兔子进行多点注射,之后每隔5周注射一次,共计注射6次;
(3)对步骤(2)完成注射的实验动物兔子取血,分离纯化,得到抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体。
实施例4:ELISA法检验抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体的性能
1.左乙拉西坦的ELISA检测标准曲线的建立:
(1)标准品的制备:
将左乙拉西坦纯品粉末(购于Sigma公司) 溶解于甲醇溶液,制备成1mg/mL的储存液。用ELISA缓冲液将储存液依次稀释为80.00μg/mL、40.00μg/mL、20.00μg/mL、10.00μg/mL、5.00μg/mL、0.00μg/mL的标准溶液。其中,ELISA缓冲液由50.0mmol/L的Tris缓冲液,质量分数为1.5%的NaCl以及体积分数为0.25%的BSA配制而成。
(2)利用左乙拉西坦的ELISA检验方法制备标准曲线:
用磷酸钾缓冲液(50.0mmol/L,pH=8.0)将实施例3中所制备的抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体稀释成1 : 10000的终浓度溶液,100μL/孔包被在96孔酶联板上,4℃放置18小时;用磷酸钾缓冲液将包被有抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体的96孔酶联板洗涤3次后,加入200μL/孔的体积分数0.5%的BSA溶液,4℃下放置12小时。然后用磷酸钾缓冲液洗涤3次,加入20μL/孔的标准溶液。再加入100μL/孔工作浓度的HRP-左乙拉西坦偶联物;室温下孵育30min后磷酸钾缓冲液洗板5次;然后每孔加入100μL的TMB 底物,室温孵育30min。再每孔加入100μL的终止液(2.0mol/L的硫酸)。使用酶标仪测定450nm的吸光值。根据各标准溶液所对应的450nm的吸光值定标,制作标准曲线,结果如图1所示。
2.待测样品中左乙拉西坦含量的检测:
(1)制作待测样品:
制备方法:将左乙拉西坦纯品粉末(购于Sigma公司) 溶解于甲醇溶液制成1.0mg/mL的储存液,并将此储存液稀释于空白血浆中,至终浓度分别为0.00μg/mL、5.00μg/mL、25.00μg/mL、75.00μg/mL,分别形成空白、低、中、高浓度的血浆样本。所述空白血浆为不含左乙拉西坦的健康人血浆。
(2)测试方法:
利用上述左乙拉西坦的ELISA检验方法,将上述空白、低、中、高浓度的血浆样本代替标准溶液,测试上述空白、低、中、高浓度的血浆样本在450nm的吸光值。
(3)测试结果:
对照图1中所示的左乙拉西坦的ELISA检验的标准曲线,计算每个样本中左乙拉西坦含量,并对每个样本进行3个复孔测定,根据上述样本中左乙拉西坦的实际含量计算回收率,结果如表1所示。
表1 左乙拉西坦的ELISA检测结果
血浆样本 | 空白 | 低值 | 中值 | 高值 |
样本浓度(μg/mL) | 0.00 | 5.00 | 25.00 | 75.00 |
测定1 | 0.00 | 5.06 | 25.17 | 75.22 |
测定2 | 0.00 | 5.01 | 24.97 | 76.01 |
测定3 | 0.00 | 4.96 | 25.03 | 74.80 |
平均值(μg/mL) | 0.00 | 5.01 | 25.06 | 75.34 |
回收率(%) | - | 100.20 | 100.24 | 100.45 |
由表1中结果可知:使用本发明左乙拉西坦特异性抗体的ELISA检测方法测定不同浓度样本中的左乙拉西坦回收率都较高,均在97%-103%之间,说明本发明所述的抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体可以用于样本中左乙拉西坦的检测,并且灵敏度高,检测结果准确度高。
实施例5:100种常见药物干扰试验
选取100种常见药物作为干扰物进行干扰试验,将100种常见药物纯品粉末配制成浓度为100.0μg/mL的溶液作为待测干扰物样本,采用实施例4的ELISA检验方法对相应干扰物的浓度进行检测,100种常见药物名称以及检测结果详见表2。
表2 常见药物干扰试验检测结果
序号 | 化合物名称 | 实际检测值(μg/mL) | 序号 | 化合物名称 | 实际检测值(μg/mL) |
1 | 阿司匹林 | 0.00 | 2 | 苯丙醇胺 | 0.00 |
3 | β-苯基乙胺 | 0.00 | 4 | 普鲁卡因酰胺 | 0.00 |
5 | 安非他命 | 0.00 | 6 | 普鲁卡因 | 0.00 |
7 | 氨苄青霉素 | 0.00 | 8 | 奎尼丁 | 0.00 |
9 | 甲氨二氮卓 | 0.00 | 10 | 佐美酸 | 0.00 |
11 | 氯丙嗪 | 0.00 | 12 | 苯肾上腺素 | 0.00 |
13 | 氯拉卓酸 | 0.00 | 14 | 桂皮酰艾克宁 | 0.00 |
15 | 二甲苯氧庚酸 | 0.00 | 16 | 芽子碱 | 0.00 |
17 | 非诺洛芬 | 0.00 | 18 | 地西洋 | 0.00 |
19 | 甲基苯丙胺 | 0.00 | 20 | 可替宁 | 0.00 |
21 | 龙胆酸 | 0.00 | 22 | 阿替洛尔 | 0.00 |
23 | 吉非贝齐 | 0.00 | 24 | 心得安 | 0.00 |
25 | 氢可酮 | 0.00 | 26 | 苯乙哌啶酮 | 0.00 |
27 | 布洛芬 | 0.00 | 28 | 苯基丁氮酮 | 0.00 |
29 | 丙咪嗪 | 0.00 | 30 | 麦角酸二乙基酰胺 | 0.00 |
31 | 二氨基二苯砜 | 0.00 | 32 | 大麻酚 | 0.00 |
33 | 萘普生 | 0.00 | 34 | 洛哌丁胺 | 0.00 |
35 | 氢氯噻嗪 | 0.00 | 36 | 异克舒令 | 0.00 |
37 | 哌替啶 | 0.00 | 38 | 苯基丙氨酸 | 0.00 |
39 | 烯丙羟吗啡酮 | 0.00 | 40 | 盐酸氟西汀 | 0.00 |
41 | 麻黄素 | 0.00 | 42 | 柳丁氨醇 | 0.00 |
43 | 烟酰胺 | 0.00 | 44 | 青霉素 | 0.00 |
45 | 甲胺呋硫 | 0.00 | 46 | 甲基二乙醇胺 | 0.00 |
47 | 异戊巴比妥 | 0.00 | 48 | 二亚甲基双氧苯丙胺 | 0.00 |
49 | 甲撑二氧苯丙胺 | 0.00 | 50 | 琥珀酸多西拉敏 | 0.00 |
51 | 四氢大麻酚 | 0.00 | 52 | 纳布啡 | 0.00 |
53 | 制霉菌素 | 0.00 | 54 | 去甲吗啡 | 0.00 |
55 | 乙酰吗啡 | 0.00 | 56 | 羟考酮 | 0.00 |
57 | 苄非他明 | 0.00 | 58 | 克他命 | 0.00 |
59 | 异丙嗪 | 0.00 | 60 | 苯海拉明 | 0.00 |
61 | 阿司帕坦 | 0.00 | 62 | 苯丁胺 | 0.00 |
63 | 阿立哌唑 | 0.00 | 64 | 氟康唑 | 0.00 |
65 | 氯氮平 | 0.00 | 66 | 呋塞米 | 0.00 |
67 | 艾司西酞普兰 | 0.00 | 68 | 加巴喷丁 | 0.00 |
69 | 伊马替尼 | 0.00 | 70 | 华法林 | 0.00 |
71 | 拉莫三嗪 | 0.00 | 72 | 瑞舒伐他汀 | 0.00 |
73 | 利奈唑胺 | 0.00 | 74 | 对乙酰氨基酚 | 0.00 |
75 | 利培酮 | 0.00 | 76 | 舒必利 | 0.00 |
77 | 舍曲林 | 0.00 | 78 | 氟伏沙明 | 0.00 |
79 | 托吡酯 | 0.00 | 80 | 氟西汀 | 0.00 |
81 | 文拉法辛 | 0.00 | 82 | 齐拉西酮 | 0.00 |
83 | 伏立康唑 | 0.00 | 84 | 氟哌啶醇 | 0.00 |
85 | 奥卡西平 | 0.00 | 86 | 亚胺培南 | 0.00 |
87 | 奥氮平 | 0.00 | 88 | 阿昔替尼 | 0.00 |
89 | 唑尼沙胺 | 0.00 | 90 | 培唑帕尼 | 0.00 |
91 | 阿米替林 | 0.00 | 92 | 瑞戈非尼 | 0.00 |
93 | 氯丙嗪 | 0.00 | 94 | 异烟肼 | 0.00 |
95 | 多虑平 | 0.00 | 96 | 利福平 | 0.00 |
97 | 帕罗西汀 | 0.00 | 98 | 左氧氟沙星 | 0.00 |
99 | 氯霉素 | 0.00 | 100 | 莫西沙星 | 0.00 |
测定结果显示:采用实施例4的ELISA检验方法对相应干扰物的浓度进行检测,上述100种常见药物实际检测值均为0.00μg/mL。由此可见,本发明的抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体具有较强的抗原识别特异性,与100种常见药物无任何交叉反应。
实施例6:左乙拉西坦均相酶免疫检测试剂的制备
左乙拉西坦均相酶免疫检测试剂的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将250.0mg牛血清白蛋白、250.0mg葡萄糖-6-磷酸及50.0mg氧化型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸依次加入250mL Tris缓冲液(50mmol/L,pH=8.5)中搅拌溶解制成R1缓冲液,再将抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体以1∶1000的体积比加入到上述R1缓冲液中混匀,再用1.0 mol/L的盐酸调节pH至7.6,制成R1试剂;
(2)将250.0mg牛血清白蛋白加入250mL Tris缓冲液(100mmol/L,pH=8.7)中搅拌溶解制成R2缓冲液,再将左乙拉西坦葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶标记偶联物以1∶1000的体积比加入到上述R2缓冲液中混匀,再用1.0 mol/L的盐酸调节pH至8.0,制成R2试剂。
所述的左乙拉西坦葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶标记偶联物的制备方法,包含以下步骤:
(1)称取20.0 mg活力单位为200KU的葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶,在室温条件下溶解于50.0mL磷酸钠(100mmol/L,pH=8.0)缓冲液中,然后加入150.0 mg还原态的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸、75.0 mg葡萄糖-6-磷酸以及0.75 mL卡必醇,再逐滴加入2.5 mL二甲基亚砜,搅拌溶解,得到葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶溶液;
(2)在无水状态下称取15.0 mg实施例1合成的左乙拉西坦衍生物,溶解于500.0 µL二甲基甲酰胺中,将上述溶液温度降到0℃后加入4.5 µL三丁胺、2.5 µL氯甲酸异丁酯、3.5 µL N,N′-二环己基碳二亚胺,0℃下搅拌45分钟,得到左乙拉西坦衍生物激活液;
(3)将左乙拉西坦衍生物激活液逐滴加入到葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶溶液中,-4℃搅拌反应12小时,反应结束后经G-25凝胶层析柱纯化得到左乙拉西坦葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶标记偶联物。
实施例7:左乙拉西坦校准品、质控品的制备
(1)校准品的制备:将左乙拉西坦纯品粉末分别加入6份浓度为50.0mmol/L pH=7.2的Tris-HCl缓冲液中,搅拌溶解,至终浓度分别为0.00μg/mL、5.00μg/mL、10.00μg/mL、20.00μg/mL、40.00μg/mL、80.00μg/mL,然后在每份溶液中分别加入质量分数为0.5%的氯化钠、1.0%的牛血清白蛋白、0.75%的乙二胺四乙酸、0.05%的叠氮钠,搅拌均匀,即为左乙拉西坦校准品(6个浓度)。
(2)质控品的制备:将左乙拉西坦纯品粉末分别加入4份浓度为50.0mmol/L pH=7.2的Tris-HCl缓冲液中,搅拌溶解,至终浓度分别为0.00μg/mL、5.00μg/mL、25.00μg/mL、75.00μg/mL,然后在每份溶液中分别加入质量分数为0.5%的氯化钠、1.0%的牛血清白蛋白、0.75%的乙二胺四乙酸、0.05%的叠氮钠,搅拌均匀,即为左乙拉西坦质控品(4个浓度)。
实施例8:左乙拉西坦均相酶免疫检测试剂校准曲线制作及质控实验
1. 制作左乙拉西坦均相酶免疫检测校准曲线:
在迈瑞 BS480全自动生化分析仪中放入R1试剂、R2试剂及校准品,然后对生化分析仪进行反应参数设置,具体参数详见表3;实际操作过程中需不断调整R1试剂和R2试剂的体积比例,同时调整测光点,最后由生化分析仪自动得出均相酶免疫检测校准曲线,如图2所示。
表3 迈瑞 BS480全自动生化分析仪反应参数设置
项目名称 | 左乙拉西坦 |
R1试剂 | 160.0µL |
R2试剂 | 40.0µL |
样本量 | 10.0µL |
定标方法 | 两点终点法 |
主波长 | 340nm |
次波长 | 410nm |
反应时间 | 10分钟 |
温育时间 | 8分钟 |
反应方向 | 上升 |
结果 | μg/mL |
结果精度 | 0.01 |
拟合方法 | Polygonal |
校准品浓度 | 0.00μg/mL、5.00μg/mL、10.00μg/mL、20.00μg/mL、40.00μg/mL、80.00μg/mL |
2. 质控品检测实验:
利用上述的左乙拉西坦均相酶免疫检测方法,对质控品进行测定,并根据步骤1中制作的均相酶免疫检测校准曲线,计算每个质控品中左乙拉西坦的含量,每个质控品重复测定10次,检测结果及数据分析详见表4。
表4 左乙拉西坦均相酶免疫检验试剂检测结果及数据分析
质控品 | 空白 | 低值 | 中值 | 高值 |
浓度 (μg/mL) | 0.00 | 5.00 | 25.00 | 75.00 |
测试1 | 0.00 | 5.00 | 25.11 | 75.50 |
测试2 | 0.00 | 5.10 | 25.04 | 76.01 |
测试3 | 0.00 | 5.04 | 25.26 | 76.28 |
测试4 | 0.00 | 4.98 | 25.10 | 75.73 |
测试5 | 0.00 | 4.93 | 25.13 | 74.90 |
测试6 | 0.00 | 5.00 | 24.87 | 75.97 |
测试7 | 0.00 | 5.01 | 24.99 | 77.12 |
测试8 | 0.00 | 5.04 | 25.09 | 74.33 |
测试9 | 0.00 | 4.96 | 25.00 | 75.05 |
测试10 | 0.00 | 5.05 | 25.02 | 75.98 |
平均值(μg/mL) | 0.00 | 5.01 | 25.06 | 75.69 |
标准差(SD) | / | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.79 |
精密度(CV%) | / | 0.98 | 0.41 | 1.04 |
回收率(%) | / | 100.22 | 100.24 | 100.92 |
实验结果表明:测定不同浓度质控品中左乙拉西坦含量的CV值均低于5%,回收率均在95%-105%之间,说明本发明的左乙拉西坦均相酶免疫检测试剂测定生物样本中左乙拉西坦含量的精密度较高,结果准确。
实施例9:左乙拉西坦胶乳增强免疫比浊检测试剂的制备
左乙拉西坦胶乳增强免疫比浊检测试剂的制备方法,包含以下步骤:
(F1)将5.0mL的抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体溶解于250.0mL磷酸钾缓冲液(50.0mmol/L pH=8.0)中,然后添加100.0mg牛血清白蛋白、25.0mg氯化钠、250.0μL吐温-20、250.0μL丙三醇、100.0μL的乙二胺四乙酸、150.0μL的PEG-4000以及5.0mg叠氮钠,搅拌均匀,调节pH=7.3,制成L1试剂;
(F2)将1.5mg表面带有羧基的直径为125nm的聚苯乙烯胶乳颗粒加入15.0mL的MES缓冲液(50.0mmol/L,pH=7.0)中,然后加入5.0mg碳二亚胺,在25℃下反应3小时,制成胶乳颗粒溶液,再将1.2mg左乙拉西坦-牛血清白蛋白复合体用7.5mL的硼酸盐缓冲液(50.0mmol/L,pH=9.2)稀释后,立即加入到上述胶乳颗粒溶液中,在41℃下反应18小时,然后加入3.0mL的甘氨酸缓冲液(100.0mmol/L,pH=8.0)搅拌3小时,反应终止后离心去除上清液,再将沉淀物用20.0mL的Tris-HCl缓冲液(50.0mmol/L,pH=8.0)洗涤3次,再用50.0mL的甘氨酸缓冲液(50.0mmol/L,pH=8.6)稀释成胶乳悬浊液,最后加入质量分数为100.0mg牛血清白蛋白、25.0mg氯化钠、250.0μL吐温-20、250.0μL丙三醇、100.0μL的乙二胺四乙酸以及5.0mg叠氮钠,搅拌均匀,制成L2试剂。
所述的左乙拉西坦-牛血清白蛋白复合体的制备方法,包含以下步骤:
将10.0mg牛血清白蛋白用7.5mL的磷酸钠缓冲液(100.0mmol/L,pH=7.5)稀释,然后加入100.0mg实施例1合成的左乙拉西坦衍生物,再加入50.0mg的1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺,在0℃下反应10 小时,再用100.0mL磷酸盐缓冲液(100.0mmol/L,pH=7.5)在-4℃下透析12小时,得到左乙拉西坦-牛血清白蛋白复合体。
实施例10:左乙拉西坦胶乳增强免疫比浊检测试剂校准曲线制作及质控实验
1. 制作左乙拉西坦胶乳增强免疫比浊检测试剂校准曲线:
在奥林巴斯AU480全自动生化分析仪中放入L1试剂、L2试剂及校准品,然后对生化分析仪进行反应参数设置,具体参数详见表5;实际操作过程中需不断调整L1试剂和L2试剂的体积比例,同时调整测光点,最后由生化分析仪自动得出胶乳增强免疫比浊检测校准曲线,如图3所示。
表5 奥林巴斯AU480全自动生化分析仪反应参数
项目名称 | 左乙拉西坦 |
L1试剂 | 160.0µL |
L2试剂 | 40.0µL |
样本量 | 10.0µL |
定标方法 | 两点终点法 |
主波长 | 570nm |
次波长 | 412nm |
反应时间 | 10分钟 |
温育时间 | 5分钟 |
反应方向 | 下降 |
结果 | μg/mL |
结果精度 | 0.01 |
拟合方法 | Logit-log 4P |
校准品浓度 | 0.00μg/mL、5.00μg/mL、10.00μg/mL、20.00μg/mL、40.00μg/mL、80.00μg/mL |
2. 质控品检测实验:
利用上述的胶乳增强免疫比浊检测方法,对质控品进行测定,并根据步骤1中制作的胶乳增强免疫比浊检测校准曲线,计算每个质控品中左乙拉西坦的含量,每个质控品重复测定10次,检测结果及数据分析详见表6。
表6 左乙拉西坦胶乳增强免疫比浊试剂检测结果及数据分析
质控品 | 空白 | 低值 | 中值 | 高值 |
浓度 (μg/mL) | 0.00 | 5.00 | 25.00 | 75.00 |
测试1 | 0.00 | 5.03 | 25.00 | 75.92 |
测试2 | 0.00 | 5.06 | 25.17 | 75.34 |
测试3 | 0.00 | 5.12 | 25.33 | 76.06 |
测试4 | 0.00 | 5.08 | 26.07 | 74.29 |
测试5 | 0.00 | 4.90 | 24.29 | 75.45 |
测试6 | 0.00 | 4.94 | 25.78 | 76.16 |
测试7 | 0.00 | 5.07 | 25.80 | 75.20 |
测试8 | 0.00 | 4.98 | 24.92 | 75.37 |
测试9 | 0.00 | 5.00 | 25.18 | 74.56 |
测试10 | 0.00 | 5.09 | 24.85 | 75.01 |
平均值(μg/mL) | 0.00 | 5.03 | 25.24 | 75.34 |
标准差(SD) | / | 0.07 | 0.53 | 0.61 |
精密度(CV%) | / | 1.41 | 2.10 | 0.81 |
回收率(%) | / | 100.54 | 100.96 | 100.45 |
实验结果表明:测定不同浓度质控品中左乙拉西坦含量的CV值均低于5%,回收率均在95%-105%之间,说明本发明的左乙拉西坦胶乳增强免疫比浊检测试剂测定生物样本中左乙拉西坦含量的精密度较高,结果准确。
对于本领域的技术人员来说,可根据以上描述的技术方案以及构思做出其它各种相应的变更以及修改,而所有的这些变更以及修改都应该属于本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。
序列表
<110> 湖南苏阳医疗科技有限公司
<120> 一种左乙拉西坦衍生物、免疫原、抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体及其制备方法与应用
<130> 2020.12.13
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 386
<212> PRT
<213> 人工合成(Artificial Sequence)
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Claims (10)
4. 根据权利要求3所述的左乙拉西坦免疫原,其特征在于,所述重组鸭卵清白蛋白的氨基酸序列如序列表SEQ ID NO:1所示。
5.一种如权利要求3-4任一项所述的左乙拉西坦免疫原的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
(B1)载体蛋白溶液的制备:将权利要求3-4任一项中所述的重组鸭卵清白蛋白溶解于磷酸盐缓冲液中,得到载体蛋白溶液;
(B2)左乙拉西坦衍生物溶液的制备:将权利要求1所述的左乙拉西坦衍生物与二甲基甲酰胺、乙醇、磷酸钾缓冲液、1-乙基-3-(-3-二甲氨丙基)碳二亚胺和N-羟基硫代琥珀酰亚胺混合,搅拌溶解,得到左乙拉西坦衍生物溶液;
(B3)左乙拉西坦免疫原的合成:将步骤(B2)得到的左乙拉西坦衍生物溶液加入到步骤(B1)得到的载体蛋白溶液中,搅拌反应,经透析纯化,得到左乙拉西坦免疫原。
6.一种抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体,其特征在于,所述抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体为使用权利要求3-4任一项所述的左乙拉西坦免疫原对实验动物进行注射后所得到的特异性抗体,所述的实验动物为兔子、山羊、绵羊、小鼠、大鼠、豚鼠或马中的一种。
7.一种如权利要求6所述的抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包含以下步骤:
(C1)将权利要求3-4任一项所述的左乙拉西坦免疫原用磷酸盐缓冲液稀释,得到左乙拉西坦人工抗原溶液,然后将左乙拉西坦人工抗原溶液与等量弗氏完全佐剂混合,对权利要求6中所述的实验动物进行多点注射;
(C2)3-6周后,再用相同的左乙拉西坦人工抗原溶液与等量弗氏不完全佐剂混合,对上述实验动物进行多点注射,之后每隔3-6周注射一次,共计注射3-10次;
(C3)对步骤(C2)中完成注射的实验动物取血,分离纯化,得到抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体。
8.如权利要求6-7任一项所述的抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体的应用,其特征在于,将所述抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体用于制备左乙拉西坦检测试剂,所述左乙拉西坦检测试剂包括左乙拉西坦均相酶免疫检测试剂与左乙拉西坦胶乳增强免疫比浊检测试剂。
9.根据权利要求8所述的抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体的应用,其特征在于,所述左乙拉西坦均相酶免疫检测试剂,由R1试剂与R2试剂组成,所述R1试剂包含权利要求6-7任一项所述的抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体与R1缓冲液,所述R2试剂包含左乙拉西坦葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶标记偶联物与R2缓冲液;
所述的R1缓冲液含有酶底物、辅酶、牛血清白蛋白及Tris缓冲液,所述的酶底物为葡萄糖-6-磷酸,所述的辅酶为氧化型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸;
所述的左乙拉西坦葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶标记偶联物由权利要求1所述的左乙拉西坦衍生物与葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶偶联而成;其结构式如式Ⅲ所示:
所述的R2缓冲液为含有牛血清白蛋白的Tris缓冲液。
10.根据权利要求8所述的抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体的应用,其特征在于,所述左乙拉西坦胶乳增强免疫比浊检测试剂,由L1试剂与L2试剂组成;
所述L1试剂由权利要求6-7任一项所述的抗左乙拉西坦特异性抗体、pH=8.0的缓冲液、牛血清白蛋白、氯化钠、吐温-20、丙三醇、乙二胺四乙酸、促凝剂以及防腐剂组成;
所述L2试剂由左乙拉西坦-牛血清白蛋白复合体包被的聚苯乙烯胶乳颗粒、pH=8.0的缓冲液、牛血清白蛋白、氯化钠、吐温-20、丙三醇、乙二胺四乙酸以及防腐剂组成;
所述的左乙拉西坦-牛血清白蛋白复合体由权利要求1所述的左乙拉西坦衍生物与牛血清白蛋白偶联而成,其结构式如式Ⅳ所示:
所述的聚苯乙烯胶乳颗粒直径范围为50-250nm;
所述的缓冲液为磷酸盐缓冲液、甘氨酸缓冲液、MES缓冲液、硼酸盐缓冲液、Tris-HCl缓冲液或巴比妥缓冲液中的一种;
所述促凝剂为PEG-4000、PEG-6000、PEG-8000或硫酸葡聚糖钠中的一种;
所述防腐剂为叠氮钠、硫柳汞、苯酚或乙基汞硫代硫酸钠中的一种。
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