CN114683993B - Carrier, device, system and method for loading and unloading heavy cargoes into and out of container - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a carrier, a carrier device, a carrier system and a carrier method for carrying heavy cargoes into and out of a container, wherein the carrier comprises a chassis, a plurality of universal wheels and a plurality of top support pieces; the universal wheel is fixed at the bottom of the underframe; the propping piece can be switchably fixed in the underframe between a propping state and a contracted state, and when the propping piece is in the contracted state, the propping surface is lower than or flush with the top surface of the underframe; when the propping piece is in a propping state, the propping surface is higher than the top surface of the underframe, and the propping surface of the propping piece can prop up heavy goods; the universal wheel comprises a supporting frame, a fixed shaft, a bearing and a roller; one end of the supporting frame is rotationally connected with the fixed shaft through a bearing, and the other end of the supporting frame is rotationally connected with the roller; the bearing is located on one side of the roller, and the top surface of the bearing is lower than or flush with the highest point of the roller. The invention improves the carrying capacity of the carrier and reduces the volume of the carrier; the occupation of the space of the underframe when the top support piece is in the contracted state is avoided, the height of the underframe is reduced, and the overall size of the carrier is reduced.

Description

Carrier, device, system and method for loading and unloading heavy cargoes into and out of container

The application is a divisional application of an invention patent with a mother case name of a carrier, a device, a system and a carrying method for heavy goods to enter and exit a container; the application number of the parent application is: CN202110396893.6; the application date of the parent application is: 2021.04.13.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of containers, in particular to a carrier, a carrier device, a carrier system and a carrier method for heavy goods to enter and exit the container.

Background

When heavy goods in a container are loaded and unloaded, the heavy goods cannot be transported by manpower because of the large weight, and even reach 10 tons or more. The heavy goods occupy a large space in the container, and the carrying device cannot be placed in the residual space of the container, so that the heavy goods can only be propped and moved by the bottom of the heavy goods. The internal dimensions of existing 20 foot standard containers for heavy goods are commonly: the length is 5898mm, the width is 2352mm, and the height is 2393mm. The length of the container is long, and when heavy goods positioned at the innermost side of the length direction of the container need to be transported, the transportation device needs to be partially or completely entered into the container to realize the transportation. In the related art, a transporting device for transporting heavy goods (particularly, heavy goods of 10 tons or more) is generally a large forklift, and a large forklift capable of transporting a weight of 10 tons is exemplified, and the size of the large forklift is as follows: length 5780mm, width 2165mm and height 2848mm. The height of the large forklift is larger than the height of the inside of the container, so that the large forklift cannot enter the container, and heavy goods at any position in the container cannot be carried. While small forklifts can enter a container, they have poor carrying capacity and cannot lift heavy goods loaded in the container.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a carrier, a carrying device, a carrying system and a carrying method for heavy goods to enter and exit a container, which solve the technical problem that the size and the bearing capacity of the conventional carrying device cannot be achieved.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

the invention provides a carrier for heavy goods to enter and exit a container, which comprises a bottom frame, a plurality of universal wheels and a plurality of top support pieces, wherein the bottom frame is provided with a plurality of support members; the universal wheels are fixed at the bottom of the underframe; the propping piece can be fixed in the underframe in a switching manner between a propping state and a shrinking state; when the propping piece is in a contracted state, the propping surface of the propping piece is lower than or flush with the top surface of the underframe; when the propping piece is in a propping state, the propping surface of the propping piece is higher than the top surface of the underframe, and the heavy goods can be supported by the propping surface of the propping piece; the universal wheel comprises a supporting frame, a fixed shaft, a bearing and a roller; one end of the supporting frame is rotationally connected with the fixed shaft through the bearing, and the rotation axis is along the vertical direction; the other end of the supporting frame is rotationally connected with the roller, and the rotation axis is along the horizontal direction; the bearing is positioned on one side of the roller, and the top surface of the bearing is lower than or flush with the highest point of the roller.

Preferably, the device also comprises a plurality of jacking pipelines and a power source; the power source is fixed above the underframe and is connected with the plurality of propping pieces through the plurality of propping pipelines so as to drive the plurality of propping pieces to switch between a propping state and a shrinking state.

Preferably, a fixing piece is arranged at the bottom of the underframe, and the jacking pipeline passes through the fixing piece and is fixed at the lower side of the underframe; one end of the jacking pipeline is connected with one or more jacking pieces, and the other end of the jacking pipeline extends to the upper part of the underframe and is connected with the power source; the extending position of the jacking pipeline avoids the rolling track of the universal wheel.

Preferably, the carrier further comprises a traction plate vertically arranged at one end of the underframe and two reinforcing plates vertically arranged on the underframe, wherein the two reinforcing plates are symmetrically arranged and horizontally extend to the traction plate; a hook is arranged on one side of the traction plate, which is far away from the underframe, and can be hung on a tractor; the power source is fixed in a space formed by the underframe, the traction plate and the two reinforcing plates.

Preferably, the propping surface of the propping piece is a round flat top surface or an uneven top surface, and the propping surface of the propping piece is made of a material with a large friction coefficient.

Preferably, the underframe is a plate-shaped member or a grid frame, a plurality of universal wheels are distributed at the bottom of the underframe at intervals in a determinant mode, and a plurality of top support members are distributed in the underframe at intervals in a determinant mode.

The invention also provides a carrying device for heavy goods to enter and exit the container, which comprises the carrying vehicle and a tractor, wherein the tractor is connected with the carrying vehicle; the specification model of the tractor is 2 to 5 tons.

The invention also provides a carrying system for heavy goods to enter and exit the container, comprising the carrying device and a lining beam; the liner beam is placed on the bottom plate of the container and is used for supporting heavy goods; the overall height of the chassis and the universal wheels is less than the height of the spacer beam; the width of the underframe is smaller than the interval between the two lining beams.

Preferably, the height of the cushion beam is 100-150mm, and the width of the underframe is 800-2000mm.

The invention also provides a conveying method using the conveying system, which comprises the following steps of carrying heavy cargoes into a container and/or carrying heavy cargoes out of the container:

a step of carrying heavy goods into the container:

s11: the supporting piece is in a supporting state, the heavy goods are placed on the supporting piece, and the tractor pulls the carrier to enter the container until the underframe moves between two adjacent lining beams;

s12: the top support is switched to a contracted state, the heavy goods fall on the cushion beams, and the tractor pulls the carrier to leave the container;

a step of carrying heavy goods out of the container:

s21: the top support is in a contracted state, and the tractor pulls the carrier to the bottom frame to move below the heavy goods and between two adjacent lining beams;

s22: the propping piece is switched into a propping state, the heavy goods are supported by the propping surface, and the tractor pulls the carrier to leave the container.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

the carrier, the carrying device, the carrying system and the carrying method for the heavy goods to enter and exit the container are different from the existing forklift cantilever type jack-up goods, the universal wheels are arranged on the carrier underframe, and the jack-up piece is arranged on the carrier underframe, so that the underframe is always supported on the bottom surface through the universal wheels in the process of carrying the goods, the carrying capacity of the carrier is improved, and the size of the carrier can be reduced based on the carrier. Simultaneously, can be fixed in the chassis with a plurality of jack-up pieces between jack-up state and shrink state with switching for when jack-up piece is in shrink state, jack-up face of jack-up piece is less than or the parallel and level is in the top surface of chassis, avoids jack-up piece to the occupation of chassis space when being in shrink state, with the setting height that reduces the chassis, reduce the total height of chassis and universal wheel promptly, make chassis and universal wheel can stretch into between heavy goods and the container bottom plate, with the narrow and small space between the bottom of being applicable to heavy goods and the bottom plate of container. The roller and the bearing in the universal wheel are respectively arranged at two ends of the horizontal direction of the support frame, the top surface of the bearing is lower than or flush with the highest point of the roller, and the overall height of the universal wheel is reduced, so that the overall heights of the underframe and the universal wheel are further reduced. The reduction in the overall height of the undercarriage and the universal wheels also reduces the overall size of the truck so that the truck enters the interior of the container and carries heavy cargo located anywhere within the container. Meanwhile, the universal wheels can move in any direction of the carrier, so that the carrier is suitable for carrying heavy goods at all positions in the container.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a handling system for heavy cargo into and out of a container of the present invention, the handling system including a handling device for heavy cargo into and out of a container, the handling device including a carrier for heavy cargo into and out of a container;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a handling device in the handling system of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the handling device of FIG. 2 from another perspective;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a universal wheel in the handling apparatus of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of the handling device of FIG. 2;

fig. 6 is a schematic bottom view of the handling device of fig. 2.

In the figure: 1-container, 2-heavy goods, 3-lining beams, 4-carrier, 41-underframe, 411-underframe through holes, 412-fixing pieces, 413-jacking pipeline through holes, 42-universal wheels, 421-supporting frames, 4211-supporting frame main bodies, 4212-supporting arms, 422-bearings, 423-rollers, 424-fixed shafts, 431-jacking pieces, 432-jacking pipelines, 433-power sources, 44-traction plates, 441-reinforcing ribs, 442-hooks, 45-reinforcing plates and 5-tractor.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

The invention aims to provide a carrier, a carrying device, a carrying system and a carrying method for heavy goods to enter and exit a container, which solve the technical problem that the size and the bearing capacity of the conventional carrying device cannot be achieved.

In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment provides a handling system for heavy goods into and out of a container, comprising a handling device and a lining beam 3, wherein, referring to fig. 1, the lining beam 3 is placed on the floor of the container 1 for supporting heavy goods 2. Referring to fig. 2 to 6, the handling device is a movable device, and can be adapted to handle heavy goods in and out of a plurality of containers. The handling device comprises the detachably connected handling vehicles 4 and the tractors 5, namely one handling vehicle 4 can be connected with the tractors 5 with different specifications, and one tractors 5 can also be connected with the different handling vehicles 4, so that the handling efficiency of large ports and freight stations can be improved more conveniently. In this embodiment, the tractor 5 is connected to the truck 4 through a hook 442 on the truck 4, and after the connection, the tractor 5 can pull the truck 4 to move, including back and forth movement, left and right oblique movement or steering.

Further, the carrier 4 of the present embodiment is used for carrying heavy cargoes 2 into and out of the container 1, and is a device for directly supporting the heavy cargoes 2. The truck 4 specifically includes a chassis 41, a plurality of universal wheels 42, a plurality of braces 431, a plurality of brace pipes 432, and a power source 433.

The chassis 41 is horizontally disposed, and the chassis 41 is a plate-shaped member in this embodiment, and a plurality of chassis through holes 411 are formed in the plate-shaped member, and the chassis through holes 411 are used for disposing a plurality of supporting members 431. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the chassis 41 may be any structure such as a grill frame that can support the main body. One end of the underframe 41 is vertically provided with a traction plate 44, one side of the traction plate 44 away from the underframe 41 is provided with the hook 442, and the traction plate 44 is hung on the tractor 5 for pulling the movement of the truck 4 through the hook 442. The traction plate 44 is provided with the reinforcing rib 441 on one side close to the underframe 41, and the use strength of the carrier 4 during carrying can be improved by the reinforcing rib 441 and the reinforcing plate 45. Two reinforcing plates 45 are vertically arranged on the underframe 41, the two reinforcing plates 45 are symmetrically arranged and horizontally extend to the traction plate 44, and the space formed by the underframe 41, the traction plate 44 and the two reinforcing plates 45 is used for fixing the power source 433. Specifically, the width of the bottom frame 41 is preferably 800 to 2000mm, more preferably 1000mm, so as to be suitable for a narrow space between the bottom of the heavy goods 2 and the bottom plate of the container 1, and for the distance between the two lining beams 3, so that the bottom frame 41 can smoothly extend between the two lining beams 3.

Further, a plurality of universal wheels 42 are fixed to the bottom of the chassis 41, supported on the ground, and are allowed to "universal" rotate. The universal wheels 42 enable the cart 4 to move in any direction. Thus, the chassis 41 and the goods, equipment, structures, etc. thereon are supported by the plurality of universal wheels 42.

Specifically, referring to fig. 4, the universal wheel 42 includes a supporting frame 421, a fixed shaft 424, a bearing 422, and a roller 423.

One end of the supporting frame 421 is coupled to an outer ring of the bearing 422, and an inner ring of the bearing 422 is coupled to the fixed shaft 424, whereby one end of the supporting frame 421 is rotatably coupled to the fixed shaft 424 through the bearing 422. The top end of the fixed shaft 424 is fixed to the bottom frame 41, and the supporting frame 421 is vertically rotated about the rotation axis of the fixed shaft 424, so that the supporting frame 421 can be rotated 360 ° in a horizontal plane.

The other end of the supporting frame 421 is provided with a rotating shaft, and a roller 423 is sleeved on the rotating shaft. Wherein, the rotating shaft can be fixedly connected with the supporting frame 421, the roller 423 is rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft can also be rotatably supported on the supporting frame 421 through the bearing 422, and the roller 423 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft. Thus, the other end of the supporting frame 421 is rotatably connected to the roller 423 with the rotation axis thereof in the horizontal direction, and thus, the outer circumferential surface of the roller 423 is in rolling contact with the ground and can rotate around the fixed shaft 424 with the supporting frame 421. In summary, the universal wheels 42 are arranged to enable the truck 4 to move back and forth along with the tractor 5, and to move or steer diagonally left and right.

Wherein, the existing walking wheel, the support 421 that connects the walking wheel to the car is vertical, and in this embodiment, the bearing 422 is located at one side of the roller 423, and the support 421 that connects the two is extended laterally, so as to reduce the setting height of the universal wheel 42, and further reduce the overall height of the chassis 41 and the universal wheel 42, so that the chassis 41 and the universal wheel 42 can be suitable for the narrow space between the bottom of the heavy cargo 2 and the bottom plate of the container 1. Preferably, the top surface of bearing 422 is below or flush with the highest point of roller 423, which allows for a greater reduction in the overall height of chassis 41 and universal wheel 42. In addition, in the above-described layout, the thickness of the roller 423 and the thickness of the bearing 422 can be increased with a small increase in the overall height of the chassis 41 and the universal wheel 42, and the supporting strength of the universal wheel 42 to the heavy cargo 2 can be further improved, so that the overall size of the truck 4 can be reduced.

More specifically, referring to fig. 4, the support frame 421 includes a support frame body 4211 and two horizontally disposed support arms 4212. The cage body 4211 is a hollow cylinder with a circumferential sidewall. The cavity of the cage body 4211 receives and secures the outer race of the bearing 422. One end of each of the two support arms 4212 is fixed to the outer circumferential side wall of the support frame body 4211, and the other end is rotatably connected to the roller 423. The thickness of the support arm 4212 is preferably 8-12mm, more preferably 10mm. The thickness of the support arm 4212 is increased, so that the support strength of the support arm 4212 to the roller 423 can be increased, the support strength of the universal wheel 42 to the heavy cargo 2 can be further improved, and the overall size of the truck 4 can be further reduced.

The present embodiment supports the weight of the heavy goods 2 by the universal wheels 42. By increasing the supporting strength of the supporting arm 4212 to the roller 423 and increasing the thickness of the roller 423, the supportable weight of each universal wheel 42 is 1.25 tons. Because the pressure born by each universal wheel 42 is different when the carrier 4 carries heavy goods 2, the pressure born by each universal wheel 42 is also different when the ground is uneven. Because of the uneven atress of a plurality of universal wheels 42, in order to avoid the universal wheel 42 to damage, when the heavy goods 2 of 10 tons need to be carried, this embodiment preferably sets up 20 universal wheels 42 to guarantee the universal wheel 42 can stably support the safety in utilization when heavy goods 2 and carrying. However, the number of the universal wheels 42 is merely illustrative and not limiting, and the number of the universal wheels 42 may be increased or decreased according to the weight of the heavy goods 2 to be transported. In this embodiment, the 20 universal wheels 42 are preferably arranged in five rows and four columns, so that the width of the universal wheels 42 occupying the underframe 41 is shortened and the arrangement width of the underframe 41 is further shortened under the condition that the universal wheels 42 stably support the heavy goods 2 and the adjacent universal wheels 42 do not interfere when rotating. However, the arrangement of the universal wheels 42 in the present embodiment is merely illustrative and not restrictive, and the arrangement may be actually determined according to the number of the universal wheels 42, so that the space occupied by the bottom of the chassis 41 and the width occupied by the chassis 41 may be reduced as much as possible while the universal wheels 42 can stably support the heavy goods 2.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, 5 and 6, a plurality of propping members 431 may be switchably fixed in the chassis 41 between a propped state and a contracted state, and in the case where the chassis 41 of the present embodiment has a plurality of chassis through holes 411, the plurality of propping members 431 pass through the plurality of chassis through holes 411 one by one. When the propping piece 431 is in the contracted state, the propping surface of the propping piece 431 is lower than or flush with the top surface of the bottom frame 41, so that the propping piece 431 does not occupy the space of the bottom frame 41 in the contracted state, and the setting height of the bottom frame 41 is reduced. When the top support 431 is in the supporting state, the supporting surface of the top support 431 is higher than the top surface of the bottom frame 41, and the supporting surface of the top support 431 can support the heavy goods 2. In this embodiment, the top surface of the top support 431 is a rounded flat top surface thereof, so that the top surface can provide stable support for heavy goods 2. When friction is required to be increased, the supporting surface may be an uneven surface or may be formed of a material having a large friction coefficient. The number of the top supporting members 431 is preferably 3, and the number of the top supporting members 431 is preferably 6, so that the total width of the bottom frame 41 occupied by the top supporting members 431 is shortened on the basis that the top supporting members 431 can stably support the heavy goods 5, so as to shorten the arrangement width of the bottom frame 41. It should be noted that the shape of the propping surface, the number of the propping members 431 and the arrangement manner are merely illustrative, and are specifically determined according to actual requirements.

The power source 433 is fixed above the underframe 41 and in the space formed by the underframe 41, the traction plate 44 and the two reinforcing plates 45, so that the synchronous movement of the whole carrier 4 is convenient, the occupation of the power source 433 on the space of the underframe 41 for carrying the heavy goods 2 on one side is avoided, the total height of the underframe 41 and the universal wheels 42 is smaller, and the device can be suitable for a narrow space between the bottom of the heavy goods 2 and the bottom plate of the container 1.

The power source 433 is connected to the plurality of propping elements 431 through the plurality of propping lines 432 to drive the plurality of propping elements 431 to switch between a propped state and a contracted state. Referring to fig. 5, each of the propping members 431 has an independent propping pipeline 432, and a plurality of propping pipelines 432 of each row of propping members 431 are stacked one above the other, so that the system structure is simplified, the width of the propping pipeline 432 occupying the chassis 41 is reduced, and the arrangement width of the chassis 41 is reduced.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the jacking pipe 432 passes through a plurality of fixing members 412 under the bottom frame 41 and is fixed under the bottom frame 41, and the fixing members 412 function to support the jacking pipe 432, and in this embodiment, the fixing members 412 are fixing rings. One end of the propping pipeline 432 is connected with the propping piece 431, and the other end of the propping pipeline 432 passes through the propping pipeline through hole 413 on the underframe 41 and extends to the upper side of the underframe 41 to be connected with the power source 433. The power source 433 drives the plurality of propping pieces 431 to switch between a propping state and a shrinking state through the plurality of propping pipelines 432, thereby realizing the lifting of the propping surface.

The extended position of the jacking tube 432 avoids the rolling track of the caster 42 to avoid the jacking tube 432 from impeding the rolling of the caster 42. In this embodiment, the positions of the fixing member 412 and the propping member 431 together restrict the extending direction of the propping pipeline 432, however, according to the requirement, the extending direction of the propping pipeline 432 may be restricted without using the propping member 431, or other guiding structures may be added to restrict the extending direction of the propping pipeline 432 together.

To sum up, firstly, the propping pipeline 432 of the present embodiment utilizes the space below the bottom frame 41 to perform reasonable layout, and on the premise of ensuring that the space does not interfere with the rolling of the universal wheels 42, the space occupation of the bottom frame 41 is avoided to the greatest extent, so that the overall height of the bottom frame 41 and the universal wheels 42 is reduced, and the bottom frame 41 and the universal wheels 42 are applicable to the narrow space between the bottom of the heavy goods 2 and the bottom plate of the container 1. Secondly, through the reasonable layout of the propping pipeline 432 below the underframe 41, the width of the propping pipeline 432 occupying the underframe 41 is shortened to the greatest extent on the premise of ensuring that the propping pipeline 432 does not interfere with the rolling of the universal wheels 42, so that the setting width of the underframe 41 is shortened.

Specifically, the propping member 431 may be a hydraulic jack, in which case the propping pipeline 432 is a hydraulic pipeline, and the power source 433 is a hydraulic fitting including a hydraulic pump and a solenoid valve. The propping piece 431 may be an air pressure jack, where the propping pipeline 432 is an air pressure pipeline, and the power source 433 is an air pressure fitting comprising an air pressure pump and an electromagnetic valve.

In this embodiment, by providing the universal wheel 42 having a small height and the chassis 41 having a small height and width, the overall height and width of the chassis 41 and the universal wheel 42 are small, and the present embodiment can be applied to a small space between the bottom of the heavy cargo 2 and the bottom plate of the container 1. The smaller overall height and width of the undercarriage 41 and the universal wheels 42 also enables the overall size of the truck 4 to be smaller, so that the truck 4 can enter the interior of the container 1. But on the basis of the small volume of the truck 4 and the small height of the undercarriage 41, the truck 4 has the capacity to carry heavy goods 2.

Further, referring to fig. 1, the tractor 5 may be a small forklift or other small power tractor.

Because the weight of the heavy goods 2 is borne by the universal wheels 42 of the carrier 4, when 10 tons of heavy goods 2 are required to be carried, the traction force of the tractor 5 is only less than or equal to 2 tons, and the requirement of the traction force can be met by adopting a small forklift with the specification model of 2 to 5 tons. Taking the tractor 5 as an example of a small forklift with a traction of 3.5 tons, the dimensions of the small forklift are: the length is 3975mm, the width is 1290mm, and the height is 1090mm.

The internal dimensions of the 20 foot standard container 1 currently used for loading heavy goods 2 are: the length is 5898mm, the width is 2352mm, and the height is 2393mm. When the heavy goods 2 are located at the innermost side of the length direction of the container 1, because the length of the container 1 is long, a carrying device is required to partially or completely enter the container 1 to carry the heavy goods 2, and the overall size of the carrying vehicle 4 and the tractor 5 adopted in the embodiment is small, so that the heavy goods 2 in the container 1 can be conveniently carried, and carrying operation of the heavy goods 2 at any position in the container 1 is realized.

Meanwhile, the tractor 5 adopted in the embodiment has a price of tens of thousands yuan, and compared with a large forklift with a price of tens to millions, the cost of the carrying device is greatly reduced.

The height of the lining beams 3 arranged in the container 1 is preferably 100-200mm, more preferably 150mm, so as to avoid unstable placement of the heavy goods 2 due to the fact that the center of gravity of the heavy goods 2 is too high due to the fact that the lining beams 3 are too high, and reduce cost while guaranteeing the support stability of the lining beams 3 to the heavy goods 2.

Preferably, two spacer beams 3 are provided, and the two spacer beams 3 are located on both sides of the heavy goods 2, respectively, so that the support of the heavy goods 2 by the spacer beams 3 is more stable.

In summary, in the carrying system, carrying device and carrying vehicle 4 provided in the present embodiment, 20 universal wheels 42 are preferably arranged in five rows and four columns, so as to shorten the space occupied by the universal wheels 42 by the underframe 41 and further shorten the arrangement width of the underframe 41 under the condition that the universal wheels 42 stably support heavy goods 2 and the adjacent universal wheels 42 do not interfere when rotating; the number of the top supporting members 431 is preferably 3, and the number of the top supporting members 431 is 6, so that the total width of the bottom frame 41 occupied by the top supporting members 431 is shortened on the basis that the top supporting members 431 can stably support heavy goods 5, and the setting width of the bottom frame 41 is shortened; the independent propping pipelines 432 are arranged on each propping piece 431, and the plurality of propping pipelines 432 of each row of propping pieces 431 are stacked up and down, so that the system structure is simplified, the width of the bottom frame 41 occupied by the propping pipelines 432 is shortened, and the arrangement width of the bottom frame 41 is shortened; through the reasonable layout of the jacking pipeline 432 below the underframe 41, under the premise of ensuring that the jacking pipeline 432 does not interfere with the rolling of the universal wheels 42, the total width of the underframe 41 occupied by the jacking pipeline 432 is shortened to the greatest extent, and then the set width of the underframe 41 is shortened.

The overall height of the undercarriage 41 and the universal wheels 42 in this embodiment is smaller than the height of the spacer beams 3, and the width of the undercarriage 41 is smaller than the spacing of the spacer beams 3, so that the undercarriage 41 can extend between the two spacer beams 3 into the bottom of the heavy goods 2 and lift the heavy goods 2.

In summary, the thickness of the supporting arm 4212 and the thickness of the roller 423 are increased to increase the supporting strength of the supporting arm 4212 to the roller 423 and the strength of the roller 423, so as to further increase the supporting strength of the universal wheel 42 to the heavy goods 2, and the universal wheel 42 is set to have the bearing 422 located at one side of the roller 423, and the top surface of the bearing 422 is lower than or level with the highest point of the roller 423, so as to reduce the setting height of the universal wheel 42 under the condition of ensuring the supporting strength of the universal wheel 42 to the heavy goods 2; the plurality of propping pieces 431 can be switchably fixed in the underframe 41 between a propping state and a shrinking state, so that when the propping pieces 431 are in the shrinking state, the propping surface of the propping pieces 431 is lower than or flush with the top surface of the underframe 41, the space occupation of the underframe 41 by the propping pieces 431 in the shrinking state is avoided, and the setting height of the underframe 41 is reduced; the power source 433 is fixed in the space formed by the underframe 41, the traction plate 44 and the two reinforcing plates 45, so that the occupation of the power source 433 on the space of the underframe 41 for carrying the heavy goods 2 on one side is avoided, and the setting height of the underframe 41 is reduced; the support pipeline 432 utilizes the space below the underframe 41 to carry out reasonable layout, avoids occupying the space of the underframe 41 on the premise of ensuring that the rolling of the universal wheels 42 is not hindered, and further reduces the set height of the underframe 41, through the arrangement, the underframe 41 with smaller combined width is combined, so that the overall height and the width of the underframe 41 and the universal wheels 42 are smaller, the underframe 41 and the universal wheels 42 are convenient to extend into the lower part of the heavy goods 2 between the two lining beams 3, and the support pipeline is suitable for the narrow space between the bottom of the heavy goods 2 and the bottom plate of the container 1 and the spacing between the two lining beams 3. The size of the truck 4 can also be reduced by lowering the overall height of the chassis 41 and the universal wheels 42 to facilitate access of the truck 4 to the interior of the container 1.

Secondly, the weight of the heavy goods 2 in the embodiment is borne by the universal wheels 42 of the carrier 4, so that the requirement on the traction force of the tractor 5 is reduced, the tractor 5 can achieve the traction requirement on the carrier by adopting a small forklift, and the size of the tractor 5 is reduced, so that the heavy goods 2 in the container 1 can be conveniently carried, and the carrying operation of the heavy goods 2 placed at any position in the container 1 is achieved.

Example 2

The present embodiment provides a transporting method using the transporting system of embodiment 1, the transporting method including the steps of carrying heavy goods 2 into the container 1 and/or carrying heavy goods 2 out of the container 1 as follows:

the step of carrying heavy goods 2 into the container 1:

s11: the power source 433 drives the propping piece 431 to be in a propping state, the heavy goods 2 is placed on the propping surface of the propping piece 431, and the tractor 5 pulls the carrier 4 into the container 1 until the underframe 41 moves between two adjacent lining beams 3;

s12: the power source 433 drives the top support 431 to switch to the contracted state, the top support surface of the top support 431 descends, the heavy goods 2 falls on the cushion beams 3, and then the tractor 5 pulls the truck 4 away from the container 1.

Thus, the loading of the heavy cargo 2 into the container 1 is completed.

The step of carrying out the heavy goods 2 from the container 1:

s21: the top support 431 is in a contracted state, and the tractor 5 pulls the carrier 4 until the underframe 41 moves below the heavy goods 2 and is positioned between two adjacent cushion beams 3;

s22: the power source 433 drives the propping piece 431 to switch to a propping state, the propping surface lifts up the heavy goods 2, the heavy goods 2 leave the lining beams 3, and then the tractor 5 pulls the carrier 4 with the heavy goods 2 to leave the container 1.

Thus, the heavy cargo 2 is carried out of the container 1.

In summary, the truck 4, the handling device, the handling system and the handling method of the present invention are different from the existing forklift cantilever type jack-up truck, in this embodiment, the universal wheels 42 are provided on the chassis 41 of the truck 4, and the jack-up member 431 is provided on the chassis 41 of the truck 4, so that the chassis 41 is always supported on the ground through the universal wheels 42 during the process of transporting the truck, and the carrying capacity of the truck 4 is improved, and the volume of the truck 4 can be reduced based on this. Meanwhile, the plurality of propping pieces 431 can be fixed in the underframe 41 in a switching manner between the propping state and the shrinking state, so that when the propping pieces 431 are in the shrinking state, the propping surface of the propping pieces 431 is lower than or flush with the top surface of the underframe 41, and the space occupation of the underframe 41 when the propping pieces 431 are in the shrinking state is avoided, so that the setting height of the underframe 41 is reduced, namely the overall height of the underframe 41 and the universal wheels 42 is reduced, and the underframe 41 and the universal wheels 42 can extend into the space between the bottom of the heavy goods 2 and the bottom plate of the container 1 so as to be suitable for a narrow space between the bottom of the heavy goods 2 and the bottom plate of the container 1. The reduction in the overall height of the undercarriage 41 and the universal wheels 42 also reduces the overall size of the truck 4 so that the truck 4 enters the interior of the container 1 and carries heavy goods 2 located at any position within the container 1. Meanwhile, the universal wheels 42 can realize the movement of the carrier 4 in any direction, so as to be suitable for carrying heavy cargoes 2 at various positions in the container 1.

Of course, the heavy goods 2 of the present invention are goods that cannot be carried by human force, and the present invention is applicable to carrying heavy goods 2, but the light goods can be carried by the structure of the present invention, and the carrying application is also within the scope of the present invention.

The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A handling device for heavy goods into and out of a container, characterized by: the device comprises a carrier and a tractor, wherein the tractor is connected with the carrier; the carrier comprises a chassis, a plurality of universal wheels and a plurality of top support pieces; the universal wheels are fixed at the bottom of the underframe; the propping piece can be fixed in the underframe in a switching manner between a propping state and a shrinking state; when the propping piece is in a contracted state, the propping surface of the propping piece is lower than or flush with the top surface of the underframe; when the propping piece is in a propping state, the propping surface of the propping piece is higher than the top surface of the underframe, and the heavy goods can be supported by the propping surface of the propping piece; the universal wheel comprises a supporting frame, a fixed shaft, a bearing and a roller; one end of the supporting frame is rotationally connected with the fixed shaft through the bearing, and the rotation axis is along the vertical direction; the other end of the supporting frame is rotationally connected with the roller, and the rotation axis is along the horizontal direction; the bearing is positioned on one side of the roller, and the top surface of the bearing is lower than or flush with the highest point of the roller; the specification model of the tractor is 2 to 5 tons;

the device also comprises a plurality of jacking pipelines and a power source; the power source is fixed above the underframe and is connected with the plurality of propping pieces through the plurality of propping pipelines so as to drive the plurality of propping pieces to switch between a propping state and a shrinking state;

the bottom of the underframe is provided with a fixing piece, and the jacking pipeline passes through the fixing piece and is fixed at the lower side of the underframe; one end of the jacking pipeline is connected with one or more jacking pieces, and the other end of the jacking pipeline extends to the upper part of the underframe and is connected with the power source; the extending position of the jacking pipeline avoids the rolling track of the universal wheel;

the carrier also comprises a traction plate vertically arranged at one end of the underframe and two reinforcing plates vertically arranged on the underframe, wherein the two reinforcing plates are symmetrically arranged and horizontally extend to the traction plate; a hook is arranged on one side of the traction plate, which is far away from the underframe, and can be hung on a tractor; the power source is fixed in a space formed by the underframe, the traction plate and the two reinforcing plates;

the chassis is a plate-shaped member or a grid frame, a plurality of universal wheels are distributed at the bottom of the chassis at intervals in a determinant mode, and a plurality of top support members are distributed in the chassis at intervals in a determinant mode.

2. Handling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the propping surface of the propping piece is a round flat top surface or an uneven top surface, and is made of a material with a large friction coefficient.

3. A handling system for heavy goods into and out of a container, characterized by: comprising the handling device of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a cushion beam; the liner beam is placed on the bottom plate of the container and is used for supporting the heavy goods; the overall height of the chassis and the universal wheels is less than the height of the spacer beam; the width of the underframe is smaller than the interval between the two lining beams.

4. A handling system according to claim 3, wherein: the height of the lining beam is 100-150mm, and the width of the underframe is 800-2000mm.

5. A conveying method using the conveying system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: comprising the following steps of loading heavy goods into a container and/or unloading heavy goods from the container:

a step of carrying heavy goods into the container:

s11: the supporting piece is in a supporting state, the heavy goods are placed on the supporting piece, and the tractor pulls the carrier to enter the container until the underframe moves between two adjacent lining beams;

s12: the top support is switched to a contracted state, the heavy goods fall on the cushion beams, and the tractor pulls the carrier to leave the container;

a step of carrying heavy goods out of the container:

s21: the top support is in a contracted state, and the tractor pulls the carrier to the bottom frame to move below the heavy goods and between two adjacent lining beams;

s22: the propping piece is switched into a propping state, the heavy goods are supported by the propping surface, and the tractor pulls the carrier to leave the container.

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