CN114658778A - 制动用驱动缸及具有该制动用驱动缸的盘式制动装置 - Google Patents
制动用驱动缸及具有该制动用驱动缸的盘式制动装置 Download PDFInfo
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- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
- F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
- F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
- B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
- B60T1/06—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
- B60T1/065—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels employing disc
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- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
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- F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
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- F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
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- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
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- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
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- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D2065/13—Parts or details of discs or drums
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- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
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- F16D2065/134—Connection
- F16D2065/1384—Connection to wheel hub
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- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
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- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种制动用驱动缸及具有该制动用驱动缸的盘式制动装置,制动用驱动缸包括缸体和活塞,活塞以往复移动方式装设在缸体中并能在伸出缸体的制动位置和缩回缸体的非制动位置之间转换,活塞连接有用于单向推动活塞向制动位置移动的辅助驱动组件,辅助驱动组件包括推顶头和伸缩驱动机构,推顶头通过滑动机构与活塞相连并能在活塞往复移动的方向上相对于活塞滑动,活塞设有用于供推顶头接触以推动活塞向制动位置移动的配合部。盘式制动装置的伸缩制动缸采用该制动用驱动缸。本发明具有能进行多种制动操作,且结构简单紧凑、易于制作装配、成本低、工作稳定可靠等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及制动系统技术领域,具体涉及一种制动用驱动缸及具有该制动用驱动缸的盘式制动装置。
背景技术
传统的制动装置中,制动盘都是固定安装在轮毂上,制动钳的安装方式有两种,第一种是将制动钳轴向浮动安装在车桥上,采用液压缸驱动单个制动块贴合制动盘,并迫使浮动钳体移动,从而夹紧制动盘实现制动;第二种是将制动钳固定安装在轮毂上,采用双向液压缸驱动两个制动块同步从两侧靠近贴合制动盘,从而夹紧制动盘实现制动。其中,第一种方式在要求制动装置具有大的制动力时,制动钳的架体和液压缸的尺寸都要增大,不方便安装维护,且因制动钳是浮动安装的,在车辆行驶时会出现撞击,噪音大,容易产生故障。第二种方式由于需要在制动钳的架体两侧均安装液压缸,相比于第一种方式的体积更大,安装布置和安装维护更加不方便,尤其是在制动钳需要同时具有机械制动机构和液压制动机构的情况下,液压缸的尺寸非常大,几乎不可能在轮辋内较小的空间实现安装,并且散热困难,容易使制动液过热而导致制动失效。此外,现有制动装置中同时具有机械制动机构和液压制动机构的液压缸结构还存在结构复杂、成本高等缺点,尤其是实现机械制动和液压制动相互独立且互不干涉的方案设计在结构简单紧凑性、成本等方面还有待改进。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术存在的不足,提供一种能与制动用驱动缸的常规制动液压驱动系统一起配合实现相互独立、互不干涉的驱动活塞运动进行制动操作,且结构简单紧凑、易于制作装配、成本低、工作稳定可靠的制动用驱动缸。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种制动用驱动缸,包括缸体和活塞,所述活塞以往复移动方式装设在所述缸体中并能在伸出所述缸体的制动位置和缩回所述缸体的非制动位置之间转换,所述活塞连接有用于单向推动活塞向制动位置移动的辅助驱动组件,所述辅助驱动组件包括推顶头和伸缩驱动机构,所述推顶头通过滑动机构与所述活塞相连并能在所述活塞往复移动的方向上相对于所述活塞滑动,所述活塞设有用于供推顶头接触以推动活塞向制动位置移动的配合部。
上述的制动用驱动缸,优选的,所述滑动机构包括设于活塞上的滑槽和设于推顶头上的滑动凸起,所述滑动凸起与所述滑槽滑动配合。
上述的制动用驱动缸,优选的,所述活塞设有内凹的沉孔,所述滑槽设于所述沉孔的内壁上,所述推顶头位于所述沉孔中,所述沉孔的底部作为所述配合部。
上述的制动用驱动缸,优选的,所述推顶头设有锥形部,所述配合部设有供锥形部插入定位的锥形孔。
上述的制动用驱动缸,优选的,所述伸缩驱动机构包括螺杆和用于驱动所述螺杆转动的旋转驱动件,所述推顶头设有与所述螺杆螺纹配合且在螺杆转动时驱使推顶头往复滑动的螺纹孔。
上述的制动用驱动缸,优选的,所述螺杆上设有凸起的止退部,所述缸体上设有阻挡所述止退部以限制止退部向远离配合部的方向运动的止推轴承。
作为一个总的技术构思,本发明还提供一种盘式制动装置,包括安装在轮毂上的制动盘和安装在车桥上的制动钳,所述制动钳包括固定安装在车桥上的架体和分设于制动盘两侧的多个制动块,所述制动盘至少一侧的制动块连接有伸缩制动缸,所述伸缩制动缸为上述的制动用驱动缸。
上述的盘式制动装置,优选的,所述制动盘以能沿轮毂轴向往复滑动的方式安装在轮毂上,所述制动钳固定安装在所述车桥上,所述制动盘只有一侧的制动块连接有伸缩制动缸。
上述的盘式制动装置,优选的,所述轮毂上设有外花键,所述制动盘设有带内花键的套装孔并通过所述套装孔与所述外花键滑动配合。
上述的盘式制动装置,优选的,所述制动用驱动缸的缸体一体成型在所述架体上。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:
本发明的制动用驱动缸中,活塞连接的辅助驱动组件采用伸缩驱动机构驱动推顶头在活塞往复移动的方向上往复移动,可使推顶头与活塞的配合部接触以推动活塞向制动位置移动,实现由辅助驱动组件驱动活塞运动进行制动,也可使推顶头脱离活塞的配合部以解除对活塞的推动,其能与制动用驱动缸的常规制动液压驱动系统一起配合实现相互独立、互不干涉的驱动活塞运动进行制动操作,包括利用辅助驱动组件在常规制动液压驱动系统驱动制动的基础上进行进一步加压制动和在常规制动液压驱动系统不工作的情况下利用辅助驱动组件进行电动驻车等。该制动用驱动缸在实现上述功能的情况下,具有结构简单紧凑、易于制作装配、成本低、工作稳定可靠的优点。
本发明的盘式制动装置由于采用了本发明的制动用驱动缸,也具有该制动用驱动缸所具有的优点。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中制动用驱动缸的剖视结构示意图。
图2为实施例2中盘式制动装置的局部剖视结构示意图。
图3为实施例2中制动盘安装在轮毂上的侧视结构示意图。
图例说明:
1、缸体;11、配合部;12、滑槽;13、沉孔;14、锥形孔;2、活塞;3、推顶头;31、滑动凸起;32、锥形部;51、止退部;5、螺杆;6、旋转驱动件;7、止推轴承;100、轮毂;200、制动盘;300、车桥;301、架体;302、伸缩制动缸;400、制动块。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例1:
如图1所示,本实施例的制动用驱动缸,包括缸体1和活塞2,活塞2以往复移动方式装设在缸体1中并能在伸出缸体1的制动位置和缩回缸体1的非制动位置之间转换,活塞2连接有用于单向推动活塞2向制动位置移动的辅助驱动组件,辅助驱动组件包括推顶头3和伸缩驱动机构,推顶头3通过滑动机构与活塞2相连并能在活塞2往复移动的方向上相对于活塞2滑动,活塞2设有用于供推顶头3接触以推动活塞2向制动位置移动的配合部11。
该制动用驱动缸中,活塞2连接的辅助驱动组件采用伸缩驱动机构驱动推顶头3在活塞2往复移动的方向上往复移动,可使推顶头3与活塞2的配合部11接触以推动活塞2向制动位置移动,实现由辅助驱动组件驱动活塞2运动进行制动,也可使推顶头3脱离活塞2的配合部11以解除对活塞2的推动,其能与制动用驱动缸的常规制动液压驱动系统一起配合实现相互独立、互不干涉的驱动活塞2运动进行制动操作,包括利用辅助驱动组件在常规制动液压驱动系统驱动制动的基础上进行进一步加压制动和在常规制动液压驱动系统不工作的情况下利用辅助驱动组件进行电动驻车等。该制动用驱动缸在实现上述功能的情况下,具有结构简单紧凑、易于制作装配、成本低、工作稳定可靠的优点。
本实施例中,滑动机构包括设于活塞2上的滑槽12和设于推顶头3上的滑动凸起31,滑动凸起31与滑槽12滑动配合。该滑动机构的结构简单、成本低、易于制作装配和维护、工作稳定可靠性高。
本实施例中,活塞2设有内凹的沉孔13,滑槽12设于沉孔13的内壁上,推顶头3位于沉孔13中,沉孔13的底部作为配合部11。不仅降低了活塞2的用材、成本、重量,且推顶头3设置在沉孔13内能够提高结构紧凑性,还方便滑槽12的制作,保证活塞2整体结构强度。
本实施例中,推顶头3设有锥形部32,配合部11设有供锥形部32插入定位的锥形孔14。能够提升推顶头3滑动运动的稳定性,保证受力均匀,提高制动效果。
本实施例中,伸缩驱动机构包括螺杆5和用于驱动螺杆5转动的旋转驱动件6,推顶头3设有与螺杆5螺纹配合且在螺杆5转动时驱使推顶头3往复滑动的螺纹孔。该伸缩驱动机构的结构简单、成本低、运动精度高。优选的,旋转驱动件6采用电机或者电机与减速机的组合。
本实施例中,螺杆5上设有凸起的止退部51,缸体1上设有阻挡止退部51以限制止退部51向远离配合部11的方向运动的止推轴承7。通过止退部51和止推轴承7的配合,使旋转驱动件6驱动螺杆5转动时,活塞2对螺杆5轴向方向的反作用力不会传递到旋转驱动件6,避免损害旋转驱动件6,能够降低对旋转驱动件6的性能要求,并且螺杆5转动稳定、顺畅,可保证制动效果。
实施例2:
如图2和图3所示,本实施例的一种盘式制动装置,包括安装在轮毂100上的制动盘200和安装在车桥300上的制动钳,制动钳包括固定安装在车桥300上的架体301和分设于制动盘200两侧的多个制动块400,制动盘200至少一侧的制动块400连接有伸缩制动缸302,伸缩制动缸302为实施例1中的制动用驱动缸。该盘式制动装置由于采用了实施例1的制动用驱动缸,也具有该制动用驱动缸所具有的优点。
本实施例中,制动盘200以能沿轮毂100轴向往复滑动的方式安装在轮毂100上,制动钳固定安装在车桥300上,制动盘200只有一侧的制动块400连接有伸缩制动缸302。制动时,伸缩制动缸302驱动其连接的制动块400与制动盘200接触,迫使制动盘200滑动,直至制动盘200的制动块400将制动盘200夹紧,即可实现制动。由于采用制动盘200滑动安装、制动钳固定安装的方式,在制动钳固定安装的前提下,不需要在制动盘200两侧均安装伸缩制动缸302,能够大大节省空间,便于安装、维护和散热,同时仅单侧设置伸缩制动缸302,可将该伸缩制动缸302设置在远离轮毂100和制动盘200的位置,从而避免制动热源,大大降低伸缩制动缸302内液压油、密封圈等受制动发热的影响。并且制动钳为固定安装,不会出现撞击,可避免产生噪音和已出现故障的问题,由于制动钳不需要复杂的浮动安装结构,能够提供更多用于安装其他部件的空间,在轮辋处有限的安装空间内,便于布置多个伸缩制动缸302实现更大制动力的制动。
本实施例中,制动盘200的各侧均设有两个制动块400,一侧的两个制动块400分别连接一个独立的伸缩制动缸302,也即采用多缸驱动多个制动块400动作进行制动,在结构紧凑的情况下,能够提供更大制动力。在其他实施中,制动盘200各侧的制动块400的数量和伸缩制动缸302的数量可以根据实际情况进行调整。
本实施例中,轮毂100上设有外花键,制动盘200设有带内花键的套装孔并通过套装孔与外花键滑动配合。该种滑动安装结构及方式,不仅制作装配容易、成本低、结构紧凑,且制动盘200的稳定性好,工作顺畅可靠。
本实施例中,制动用驱动缸的缸体1一体成型在架体301上。利于提高结构简单紧凑性、降低制作难度和成本。当然在其他实施例中,制动用驱动缸液可以独立制作再装配到架体301上。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,本发明的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例。对于本技术领域的技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术构思前提下所得到的改进和变换也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种制动用驱动缸,包括缸体(1)和活塞(2),所述活塞(2)以往复移动方式装设在所述缸体(1)中并能在伸出所述缸体(1)的制动位置和缩回所述缸体(1)的非制动位置之间转换,其特征在于:所述活塞(2)连接有用于单向推动活塞(2)向制动位置移动的辅助驱动组件,所述辅助驱动组件包括推顶头(3)和伸缩驱动机构,所述推顶头(3)通过滑动机构与所述活塞(2)相连并能在所述活塞(2)往复移动的方向上相对于所述活塞(2)滑动,所述活塞(2)设有用于供推顶头(3)接触以推动活塞(2)向制动位置移动的配合部(11)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制动用驱动缸,其特征在于:所述滑动机构包括设于活塞(2)上的滑槽(12)和设于推顶头(3)上的滑动凸起(31),所述滑动凸起(31)与所述滑槽(12)滑动配合。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制动用驱动缸,其特征在于:所述活塞(2)设有内凹的沉孔(13),所述滑槽(12)设于所述沉孔(13)的内壁上,所述推顶头(3)位于所述沉孔(13)中,所述沉孔(13)的底部作为所述配合部(11)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制动用驱动缸,其特征在于:所述推顶头(3)设有锥形部(32),所述配合部(11)设有供锥形部(32)插入定位的锥形孔(14)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制动用驱动缸,其特征在于:所述伸缩驱动机构包括螺杆(5)和用于驱动所述螺杆(5)转动的旋转驱动件(6),所述推顶头(3)设有与所述螺杆(5)螺纹配合且在螺杆(5)转动时驱使推顶头(3)往复滑动的螺纹孔。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制动用驱动缸,其特征在于:所述螺杆(5)上设有凸起的止退部(51),所述缸体(1)上设有阻挡所述止退部(51)以限制止退部(51)向远离配合部(11)的方向运动的止推轴承(7)。
7.一种盘式制动装置,包括安装在轮毂(100)上的制动盘(200)和安装在车桥(300)上的制动钳,所述制动钳包括固定安装在车桥(300)上的架体(301)和分设于制动盘(200)两侧的多个制动块(400),所述制动盘(200)至少一侧的制动块(400)连接有伸缩制动缸(302),其特征在于:所述伸缩制动缸(302)为权利要求1至6中任一项所述的制动用驱动缸。
8.根据权利要求7所述的盘式制动装置,其特征在于:所述制动盘(200)以能沿轮毂(100)轴向往复滑动的方式安装在轮毂(100)上,所述制动钳固定安装在所述车桥(300)上,所述制动盘(200)只有一侧的制动块(400)连接有伸缩制动缸(302)。
9.根据权利要求7所述的盘式制动装置,其特征在于:所述轮毂(100)上设有外花键,所述制动盘(200)设有带内花键的套装孔并通过所述套装孔与所述外花键滑动配合。
10.根据权利要求7所述的盘式制动装置,其特征在于:所述制动用驱动缸的缸体(1)一体成型在所述架体(301)上。
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