CN114656289B - 可控铁锈斑状纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷及其制备方法 - Google Patents

可控铁锈斑状纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN114656289B
CN114656289B CN202210409056.7A CN202210409056A CN114656289B CN 114656289 B CN114656289 B CN 114656289B CN 202210409056 A CN202210409056 A CN 202210409056A CN 114656289 B CN114656289 B CN 114656289B
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郭鹏琳
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Abstract

本发明涉及陶瓷制备技术领域,具体涉及一种可控铁锈斑状纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷及其制备方法,面釉中的氧化铁含量较少,不足以富集形成窑变斑纹,当窑变料渗透至面釉后,与面釉中的氧化铁集合,富集析晶,形成铁锈窑变效果;通过渗透技术,将铁离子渗入坯体内,加压处理,促进渗透,通过印刷将图案印在坯体表面,再施加面釉,烧成后沿着纹路形成窑变效果,独具特色;茶叶梗粉和咖啡渣粉等有机物质使得坯体在素烧后形成大量的孔隙,有助于窑变料充分渗入。

Description

可控铁锈斑状纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷制备技术领域,具体的涉及可控铁锈斑状纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷及其制备方法。
背景技术
窑变釉,顾名思义,是器物在窑炉内烧造过程中出现了意想不到的釉色效果。因窑变釉出现于偶然,人们又不知其形成原理,所以称之为“窑变釉”,油滴形成机理为,釉料中铁氧化物过饱和析出,在釉面表层处富集析晶,而形成斑点。传统的铁系窑变釉存在以下两个问题:一、为了使得铁氧化物能够富集析出,釉面厚度需要1.2mm以上,但是厚度较大,如果温度曲线控制不好,会导致釉内分解的气泡不能及时排出,从而形成气孔缺陷;二、窑变釉为整体式析晶,其析晶均匀布置整个釉面上,表现形式较为单一,有鉴于此,本案由此产生。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是通过可控铁锈斑状纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷及其制备方法解决至少上述问题。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案如下:可控铁锈斑状纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷,其特征在于:所述坯体上覆盖面釉,所述坯体在施釉前渗透窑变料,所述面釉的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:氧化铁5-7份,石灰石12-15份、长石20-23份、滑石8-10份、高岭土12-15份、牛骨灰5-8份、氧化锌3-4份、白云石13-15份;所述窑变料的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:面粉15-18份、甘油30-35份、氯化铁30-34份、清水120-130份、酒精15-20份。
优选的,所述坯体的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:茶叶梗粉6-9份、咖啡渣粉10-12份、长石15-18份、石英16-18份、硼酸8-10份、硝酸钾6-8份、硝酸钡8-10份、碳酸钙15-20份。
优选的,所述面釉的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:氧化铁5份,石灰石12份、长石20份、滑石8份、高岭土12份、牛骨灰5份、氧化锌3份、白云石13份;所述窑变料的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:面粉15份、甘油30份、氯化铁30份、清水120份、酒精15份;所述坯体的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:茶叶梗粉6份、咖啡渣粉10份、长石15份、石英16份、硼酸8份、硝酸钾6份、硝酸钡8份、碳酸钙15份。
优选的,所述面釉的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:氧化铁6份,石灰石13份、长石22份、滑石9份、高岭土14份、牛骨灰6份、氧化锌3.5份、白云石14份;所述窑变料的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:面粉16份、甘油33份、氯化铁33份、清水125份、酒精18份;所述坯体的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:茶叶梗粉7份、咖啡渣粉11份、长石16份、石英17份、硼酸9份、硝酸钾7份、硝酸钡8份、碳酸钙17份。
优选的,所述面釉的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:氧化铁7份,石灰石15份、长石23份、滑石10份、高岭土15份、牛骨灰8份、氧化锌4份、白云石15份;所述窑变料的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:面粉18份、甘油35份、氯化铁34份、清水130份、酒精20份;所述坯体的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:茶叶梗粉9份、咖啡渣粉12份、长石18份、石英18份、硼酸10份、硝酸钾8份、硝酸钡10份、碳酸钙20份。
根据上述的可控铁锈斑状纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤a、成型坯体,素烧成型,坯体中包含的有机物质,有机物质在素烧过程中燃烧,使得坯体内部形成立体状的孔隙;
步骤b、在坯体表面覆盖一层石蜡层,在石蜡层上雕刻所需的镂空纹路,即为窑变纹路;
步骤c、将坯体浸入承装有窑变料的箱体中;
步骤d、取出坯体,于80-100摄氏度下烘干15-20分钟,石蜡挥发,窑变料内的面粉和甘油等粘稠物会堵塞毛细孔,阻止窑变料内的着色离子相表面迁移;
步骤e、在坯体表面上面釉;
步骤f、入窑炉烧成,烧成过程中窑变料从坯体内渗透至面釉,铁离子与熔融的面釉反应生成铁氧化物,氧化铁沿着窑变纹路富集并析出晶体,最终形成铁锈纹路,制得可控纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷。
优选的,所述步骤a中,所述素烧温度为800摄氏度。
优选的,所述步骤c中,所述箱体中空气加压至2-2.5Mpa,加压时间10-15分钟,加压的空气促进窑变料沿着镂空纹路渗入坯体内部,由于横向渗透的存在,窑变料的实际渗透范围超过镂空纹路;坯体的开口向上,坯体外表面浸入窑变料中,但是内部不浸入窑变料
优选的,所述步骤c中,加压过程中同步施加超声波空化,促进窑变料沿着镂空纹路渗入坯体内部;所述窑变料的制备工艺如下:将各组分按比例配置,80-90摄氏度下加热搅拌3-4小时,然后入球磨机球磨60-80分钟,过筛除去筛上料,筛下料即为窑变料。
优选的,所述步骤f中,釉面烧成曲线如下:升温至1200摄氏度,保温1.5小时后,在2小时内降温至1000摄氏度,然后在0.5小时内升温至1200摄氏度,保温1小时,在1小时内降温至750摄氏度,之后自然冷却。
由上述描述可知,本发明提供的可控铁锈斑状纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷及其制备方法具有如下有益效果:面釉中的氧化铁含量较少,不足以富集形成窑变斑纹,当窑变料渗透至面釉后,与面釉中的氧化铁集合,富集析晶,形成铁锈窑变效果;通过渗透技术,将铁离子渗入坯体内,加压处理,促进渗透,通过印刷将图案印在坯体表面,再施加面釉,烧成后沿着纹路形成窑变效果,独具特色;釉面较薄,不易发生气泡孔缺陷;茶叶梗粉和咖啡渣粉等有机物质使得坯体在素烧后形成大量的孔隙,有助于窑变料充分渗入。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的描述。
为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体实施方式,进一步阐述本发明。
本发明所述的可控铁锈斑状纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷,其特征在于:所述坯体上覆盖面釉,所述坯体在施釉前渗透窑变料,所述面釉的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:氧化铁5-7份,石灰石12-15份、长石20-23份、滑石8-10份、高岭土12-15份、牛骨灰5-8份、氧化锌3-4份、白云石13-15份;所述窑变料的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:面粉15-18份、甘油30-35份、氯化铁30-34份、清水120-130份、酒精15-20份。面釉中的氧化铁含量较少,不足以富集形成窑变斑纹,当窑变料渗透至面釉后,与面釉中的氧化铁集合,富集析晶,形成铁锈窑变效果。
所述坯体的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:茶叶梗粉6-9份、咖啡渣粉10-12份、长石15-18份、石英16-18份、硼酸8-10份、硝酸钾6-8份、硝酸钡8-10份、碳酸钙15-20份。
具体实施一:所述面釉的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:氧化铁5份,石灰石12份、长石20份、滑石8份、高岭土12份、牛骨灰5份、氧化锌3份、白云石13份;所述窑变料的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:面粉15份、甘油30份、氯化铁30份、清水120份、酒精15份;所述坯体的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:茶叶梗粉6份、咖啡渣粉10份、长石15份、石英16份、硼酸8份、硝酸钾6份、硝酸钡8份、碳酸钙15份。
具体实施二:所述面釉的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:氧化铁6份,石灰石13份、长石22份、滑石9份、高岭土14份、牛骨灰6份、氧化锌3.5份、白云石14份;所述窑变料的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:面粉16份、甘油33份、氯化铁33份、清水125份、酒精18份;所述坯体的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:茶叶梗粉7份、咖啡渣粉11份、长石16份、石英17份、硼酸9份、硝酸钾7份、硝酸钡8份、碳酸钙17份。
具体实施三:所述面釉的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:氧化铁7份,石灰石15份、长石23份、滑石10份、高岭土15份、牛骨灰8份、氧化锌4份、白云石15份;所述窑变料的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:面粉18份、甘油35份、氯化铁34份、清水130份、酒精20份;所述坯体的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:茶叶梗粉9份、咖啡渣粉12份、长石18份、石英18份、硼酸10份、硝酸钾8份、硝酸钡10份、碳酸钙20份。
上述可控铁锈斑状纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤a、成型坯体,素烧成型,坯体中包含的有机物质,有机物质在素烧过程中燃烧,使得坯体内部形成立体状的孔隙;
步骤b、在坯体表面覆盖一层石蜡层,在石蜡层上雕刻所需的镂空纹路,即为窑变纹路;
步骤c、将坯体浸入承装有窑变料的箱体中;
步骤d、取出坯体,于80-100摄氏度下烘干15-20分钟,石蜡挥发,窑变料内的面粉和甘油等粘稠物会堵塞毛细孔,阻止窑变料内的着色离子相表面迁移;
步骤e、在坯体表面上面釉;
步骤f、入窑炉烧成,烧成过程中窑变料从坯体内渗透至面釉,铁离子与熔融的面釉反应生成铁氧化物,氧化铁沿着窑变纹路富集并析出晶体,最终形成铁锈纹路,制得可控纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷。
所述步骤a中,所述素烧温度为800摄氏度。
所述步骤c中,所述箱体中空气加压至2-2.5Mpa,加压时间10-15分钟,加压的空气促进窑变料沿着镂空纹路渗入坯体内部,由于横向渗透的存在,窑变料的实际渗透范围超过镂空纹路;坯体的开口向上,坯体外表面浸入窑变料中,但是内部不浸入窑变料
所述步骤c中,加压过程中同步施加超声波空化,促进窑变料沿着镂空纹路渗入坯体内部;所述窑变料的制备工艺如下:将各组分按比例配置,80-90摄氏度下加热搅拌3-4小时,然后入球磨机球磨60-80分钟,过筛除去筛上料,筛下料即为窑变料。
所述步骤f中,釉面烧成曲线如下:升温至1200摄氏度,保温1.5小时后,在2小时内降温至1000摄氏度,然后在0.5小时内升温至1200摄氏度,保温1小时,在1小时内降温至750摄氏度,之后自然冷却。
面釉厚度控制在0.6-0.8mm,较之传统窑变釉面薄很多,不容易发生釉泡堆积或残留的现象,由于釉面薄,面釉中的氧化铁含量较低,本身不能够形成窑变的效果,而渗入坯体内部的铁离子,在烧制的过程中进入面釉,并与面釉反应形成铁氧化物,铁氧化物与釉泡一起上浮至面釉的表面,形成窑变斑点,斑点沿着纹路分布,即形成从釉下开始发生窑变的铁锈斑纹状的窑变纹路,且纹路按需求定制,纹路可控;窑变料主要在集中在设计的纹路及其周边,可以有效控制窑变部位的表达,从而形成特定纹路的窑变斑纹;通过渗透技术,将铁离子渗入坯体内,加压处理,促进渗透,通过印刷将图案印在坯体表面,再施加面釉,烧成后沿着纹路形成窑变效果,独具特色;其中,茶叶梗粉和咖啡渣粉等有机物质使得坯体在素烧后形成大量的孔隙,有助于窑变料充分渗入。
上述仅为本发明的若干具体实施方式,但本发明的设计构思并不局限于此,凡利用此构思对本发明进行非实质性的改动,均应属于侵犯本发明保护范围的行为。

Claims (7)

1.可控铁锈斑状纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤a、成型坯体,素烧成型,坯体中包含的有机物质,有机物质在素烧过程中燃烧,使得坯体内部形成立体状的孔隙;
步骤b、在坯体表面覆盖一层石蜡层,在石蜡层上雕刻所需的镂空纹路,即为窑变纹路;
步骤c、将坯体浸入承装有窑变料的箱体中;
步骤d、取出坯体,于80-100摄氏度下烘干15-20分钟,石蜡挥发,窑变料内的面粉和甘油等粘稠物会堵塞毛细孔,阻止窑变料内的着色离子相表面迁移;
步骤e、在坯体表面上面釉;
步骤f、入窑炉烧成,烧成过程中窑变料从坯体内渗透至面釉,铁离子与熔融的面釉反应生成铁氧化物,氧化铁沿着窑变纹路富集并析出晶体,最终形成铁锈纹路,制得可控纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷;
所述步骤c中,所述箱体中空气加压至2-2.5Mpa,加压时间10-15分钟,加压的空气促进窑变料沿着镂空纹路渗入坯体内部,由于横向渗透的存在,窑变料的实际渗透范围超过镂空纹路;坯体的开口向上,坯体外表面浸入窑变料中,但是内部不浸入窑变料;
所述步骤c中,加压过程中同步施加超声波空化,促进窑变料沿着镂空纹路渗入坯体内部;所述窑变料的制备工艺如下:将各组分按比例配置,80-90摄氏度下加热搅拌3-4小时,然后入球磨机球磨60-80分钟,过筛除去筛上料,筛下料即为窑变料;
所述坯体上覆盖面釉,所述坯体在施釉前渗透窑变料,所述面釉的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:氧化铁5-7份,石灰石12-15份、长石20-23份、滑石8-10份、高岭土12-15份、牛骨灰5-8份、氧化锌3-4份、白云石13-15份;所述窑变料的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:面粉15-18份、甘油30-35份、氯化铁30-34份、清水120-130份、酒精15-20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可控铁锈斑状纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述坯体的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:茶叶梗粉6-9份、咖啡渣粉10-12份、长石15-18份、石英16-18份、硼酸8-10份、硝酸钾6-8份、硝酸钡8-10份、碳酸钙15-20份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的可控铁锈斑状纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述面釉的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:氧化铁5份,石灰石12份、长石20份、滑石8份、高岭土12份、牛骨灰5份、氧化锌3份、白云石13份;所述窑变料的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:面粉15份、甘油30份、氯化铁30份、清水120份、酒精15份;所述坯体的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:茶叶梗粉6份、咖啡渣粉10份、长石15份、石英16份、硼酸8份、硝酸钾6份、硝酸钡8份、碳酸钙15份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的可控铁锈斑状纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述面釉的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:氧化铁6份,石灰石13份、长石22份、滑石9份、高岭土14份、牛骨灰6份、氧化锌3.5份、白云石14份;所述窑变料的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:面粉16份、甘油33份、氯化铁33份、清水125份、酒精18份;所述坯体的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:茶叶梗粉7份、咖啡渣粉11份、长石16份、石英17份、硼酸9份、硝酸钾7份、硝酸钡8份、碳酸钙17份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的可控铁锈斑状纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述面釉的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:氧化铁7份,石灰石15份、长石23份、滑石10份、高岭土15份、牛骨灰8份、氧化锌4份、白云石15份;所述窑变料的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:面粉18份、甘油35份、氯化铁34份、清水130份、酒精20份;所述坯体的原料以重量份计,包括如下组分:茶叶梗粉9份、咖啡渣粉12份、长石18份、石英18份、硼酸10份、硝酸钾8份、硝酸钡10份、碳酸钙20份。
6.根据权利要求1所述的可控铁锈斑状纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤a中,所述素烧温度为800摄氏度。
7.根据权利要求6所述的可控铁锈斑状纹路釉下窑变釉陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤f中,釉面烧成曲线如下:升温至1200摄氏度,保温1.5小时后,在2小时内降温至1000摄氏度,然后在0.5小时内升温至1200摄氏度,保温1小时,在1小时内降温至750摄氏度,之后自然冷却。
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