CN114645224A - 一种耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金、粉末及制法、涂层及制法 - Google Patents
一种耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金、粉末及制法、涂层及制法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114645224A CN114645224A CN202210276629.3A CN202210276629A CN114645224A CN 114645224 A CN114645224 A CN 114645224A CN 202210276629 A CN202210276629 A CN 202210276629A CN 114645224 A CN114645224 A CN 114645224A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- amorphous alloy
- corrosion
- based amorphous
- resistant high
- chromium iron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910000808 amorphous metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- -1 preparation method Substances 0.000 title 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 17
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001938 differential scanning calorimetry curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009718 spray deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C45/00—Amorphous alloys
- C22C45/02—Amorphous alloys with iron as the major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/002—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof amorphous or microcrystalline
- B22F9/008—Rapid solidification processing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0844—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid in controlled atmosphere
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金、粉末及其制法、涂层及其制法,该合金以原子摩尔百分含量计,化学分子式为FeaNibCrcModNbeBfCgPh,a=30~50,b=0~20,c=0~20,d=0~10,e=0~5,f=0~4,g=0~4,h=0~12,a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h=100;按照原子摩尔百分含量进行配料得混合料对混合料感应熔炼得到母合金锭,重新熔化得母合金熔体;利用真空喷雾法对母合金熔体喷雾冷却,制得合金粉末。以合金粉末为原料通过等离子喷涂在基体表面制得合金涂层。本发明合金具备优异耐腐蚀性能和较大非晶形成能力;粉末的非晶含量高于90%;涂层的非晶含量高于70%。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种铁基非晶合金、粉末及其制备方法、耐腐蚀涂层及其制备方法,尤其涉及一种耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金、粉末及制法、涂层及制法。
背景技术
火力发电、海洋船舶、石油化工等领域的设备部件,长期在湿热盐雾、氨气或各种酸、海水等恶劣环境中运行,极易因为材料腐蚀而失效破坏。如何提高设备使用性能、延长其使用寿命,已成为上述行业提高企业经济效益及增强核心竞争力亟待解决的问题。
非晶合金由熔融金属急速冷却得到,与晶态合金不同,非晶态合金没有形核、长大等结晶过程,避开了大尺度范围内的原子重排,因此,非晶合金呈现出长程无序、短程有序的原子排列规律,化学成分均匀无偏析,且具有无晶界相界缺陷等特殊的结构特征。这种独特结构使得非晶合金表现出许多优异性能,如与相近组分的晶态金属材料相比,非晶合金的强度提升2~3倍、硬度提高近2倍,弹性变形极限约2%,且其杨氏模量约为晶态合金的1/50。在众多非晶合金体系中,铁基非晶合金因其优异的综合性能,例如高强度(3-5GPa)、高硬度(>1000Hv)、优异的耐蚀性能和相对低廉的制备成本脱颖而出,在石油化工、海洋工业等领域有着广阔应用前景。
在耐蚀铁基非晶合金成分设计过程中,通常通过添加铬(Cr)、钼(Mo)、钨(W)元素来提升合金的耐腐蚀性能,通过添加稀土元素钇(Y)、铒(Er)来提升合金的非晶形成能力。例如,专利US8480864B2中申请保护的SAM1651(Fe48Cr15Mo14C15B6Y2)、SAM2X5(Fe49.7Cr17.7Mn1.9Mo7.4W1.6B15.2C3.8Si2.4)合金,专利CN1603445A中申请保护的Fe43Co5Cr15Mo14C15B6Y2合金,专利CN101033530中申请保护的Fe55Nb2Cr12Mo10C13B6Y2合金等。合金中含有大量稀贵金属(Co、Cr、Mo、W、Y),不利于降低生产成本,高熔点金属W、Mo的加入提升了熔炼合金的难度,并且稀土元素会显著恶化合金的韧性,降低合金力学性能。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明的目的是提供一种具有成本优势、大非晶形成能力和优异耐腐蚀性能的耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金;
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种具有高非晶含量、低缺陷的耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金粉末;
本发明的第三个目的是提供上述耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金粉末的制备方法;
本发明的第四个目的是提供一种孔隙率低、硬度高、具有优良防腐耐磨性能的耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金涂层;
本发明的第五个目的是提供上述耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金涂层的制备方法。
技术方案:本发明所述的耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金,以原子摩尔百分含量计,其化学分子式为FeaNibCrcModNbeBfCgPh,其中a=30~50,b=0~20,c=0~20,d=0~10,e=0~5,f=0~4,g=0~4,h=0~12,a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h=100。
进一步的,a=30~40,b=5~20,c=5~20,d=5~7,e=1~3,f=2~4,g=2~4,h=10~12,a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h=100。
本发明所述的耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金粉末,由上述耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金制成。
其中,所述铁基非晶合金粉末的粒径为20~50μm,平均粒径为30μm,非晶含量高于90%,形貌为球形;可大批量生产。
上述的耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金粉末的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将Fe、Ni、Cr、Mo、Nb、B、CrC合金和FeP合金按照原子摩尔百分含量进行配料,得到混合料;
(2)在保护气氛下对所述混合料进行感应熔炼,得到母合金锭;
(3)将母合金破碎后重新熔化,得到母合金熔体;利用真空喷雾法对母合金熔体进行喷雾冷却,得到铁基非晶合金粉末。
其中,步骤(3)中,所述喷雾冷却过程中的喷射压力为0.02~0.03Mpa,喷射温度为1100~1150℃,雾化压力为7~9MPa。优选利用真空气雾化装置将母合金熔体喷雾冷却,得到铁基非晶合金粉末。
其中,步骤(1)中,所述Fe、Ni、Cr、Mo、Nb、FeB、CrC合金和FeP合金原料的纯度大于99.5%。各元素均为工业原料,并且选用FeP、CrC、FeB等中间合金,以降低成本,同时减少元素挥发,获得成分均匀的母合金。
其中,步骤(2)中的保护气氛为高纯氩气;步骤(3)中所述的喷雾过程在氩气氛围中进行。
本发明所述的耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金涂层,由上述的耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金制成。
其中,所述耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金涂层的非晶含量大于70%,孔隙率小于5%,硬度大于600HV0.1。
上述的耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金涂层的制备方法,以耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金粉末为原料,通过等离子喷涂在基体表面制得。
其中,所述等离子喷涂的工艺参数为:喷涂功率28~42kW,氩气流量为65~85L/min,氢气流量为4.5~7.3L/min;送粉速率为25~35g/min,喷涂距离为12~15mm,喷枪移动速度为1000mm/s。具体包括以下步骤:
选用钢作为基体材料,将基体材料线切割成基板,磨成光滑平面,进行净化处理;对净化处理后的基体表面进行喷砂处理并清洗;将FeNiCrMoNbBCP合金粉末干燥处理后,利用等离子喷涂工艺在基板表面进行喷涂,得到铁基非晶合金涂层。
其中,选用的钢为正火态的45钢;将基体材料线切割成100mm×100mm×5mm大小的基板;再采用磨床试样磨成光滑的平面,然后把基材置于丙酮中进行超声净化处理;采用标准型密闭喷砂机对平整干净的基体表面再进行喷砂处理,使用砂粒为20目棕刚玉砂,喷砂的压力为0.4MPa;喷砂后采用压缩空气将镶嵌、残留在基体表面的沙粒清理干净,然后再用无水乙醇超声清洗;将300目过筛的FeNiCrMoNbBCP合金粉末置于真空烘箱中323K保温4h,用于干燥合金粉末以确保等离子喷涂过程中合金粉末的流动性;其中真空烘箱的真空度小于133Pa;通过机器人自动控制等离子喷枪的移动速度和轨迹,在45钢基板表面进行喷涂,得到铁基非晶合金涂层。
本发明在FeaNibCrcModNbeBfCgPh铁基非晶合金体系中,通过合理调控体系中的Ni、Cr、Mo元素含量能够显著提高合金的热稳定性、硬度以及耐腐蚀性能;通过微量添加Nb元素能够进一步提高合金的非晶形成能力和耐腐蚀性能;通过控制P元素含量可以调控金属熔体的流动性,提高合金非晶形成能力。
有益效果:本发明与现有技术相比,取得如下显著效果:(1)通过成分设计,得到了一种耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金,其耐腐蚀性能与SAM系列合金相当,在3.5wt.%NaCl溶液和1MHCl溶液中的钝化电流密度均小于10-4A/cm2;同时,合金中稀贵金属含量较低,拥有相对低廉的制备成本。(2)该合金具有良好非晶形成能力,利用氩气雾化的方式可以得到粉末粒径小于50μm,非晶含量高于90%的球形粉末,非常适于利用热喷涂工艺制备非晶涂层。(3)利用本发明的铁基非晶合金粉末材料制得的涂层,孔隙率低,硬度高,具有优良的防腐耐磨性能和良好的工艺性,在能源、化工、船舶等领域具有良好应用前景。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1中制得的非晶合金粉末的扫描电镜图;
图2是本发明实施例1中制得的非晶合金粉末与同成分非晶合金带材以及涂层的X射线衍射图;
图3是本发明实施1中制得的非晶合金粉末与同成分非晶合金带材以及涂层的升温DSC曲线;
图4是本发明实施例1中制得的非晶合金涂层截面的扫描电镜图;
图5是本发明实施例1中制得的非晶合金带材与同成分非晶合金涂层以及45钢在3.5wt.%NaCl溶液中的极化曲线;
图6是本发明实施例1中制得的非晶合金涂层与45钢的摩擦系数曲线;
图7是发明实施例1中制得的非晶合金涂层与45钢的磨损体积图。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明作进一步详细描述。
实施例1
本实施例中,铁基非晶合金的分子式为Fe34Ni20Cr20Mo5Nb1B4C4P12。
该铁基非晶合金的粉末材料的制备方式如下:
(1)将工业级原料Fe、Ni、Cr、Mo、Nb、FeB、CrC合金和FeP合金按照原子百分比含量进行配料,得到混合料;
(2)在高纯氩气保护下对所述混合料进行感应熔炼,得到母合金锭;
(3)将步骤(2)中的母合金破碎成小块,在氩气氛围中重新进行感应熔炼,将母合金液经中间包导入高温气雾化制粉设备,控制坩埚压力为0.02MPa,雾化压力为8MPa,使用氩气作为雾化气体,合金液在高压气流作用下分散并快速冷却,最终获得平均粒径约30μm的球形铁基非晶合金粉末。
采用大气等离子喷涂技术,使用上述制得的非晶合金粉末在45钢基体表面制备铁基非晶合金涂层,工艺参数为:喷涂功率35kW,氩气流量为75L/min,氢气流量为6L/min,送粉速率为25g/min,喷涂距离为12mm,喷枪移动速度为1000mm/s。
作为对比,将步骤(2)中得到的母合金利用单锟甩带法得到该铁基非晶合金带材,利用铜模喷铸法得到该铁基非晶合金带材。
图1为上述制得的非晶合金粉末扫描电镜图。图1显示该合金粉末呈近球形,粒径分布在50μm以下,具有良好的流动性。
图2为上述制得的非晶合金粉末、带材、涂层的X射线衍射图。从图中可知,非晶涂层和带材都呈现一个宽的弥散衍射峰,说明两者均是非晶结构。而非晶合金粉末中有微量晶体相析出,表现出部分非晶结构。
图3为上述制得的非晶合金粉末、带材、涂层的升温DSC曲线,其中升温速率为0.67K/s。从图中可知,粉末、涂层与条带的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)、晶化温度(Tx)以及峰的位置基本相同,但是粉末与涂层的放热峰面积较小。通过进一步比较三者晶化焓的差异,确定粉末中非晶含量大于90%,涂层非晶含量大于70%。
图4为上述制得的非晶合金涂层横截面的扫描电镜图。从图中可知,非晶涂层的厚度约为250μm。利用Image-Pro Plus软件评估了涂层孔隙率,涂层孔隙率约为3.25%。
图5分别为上述制得的非晶合金条带、非晶涂层以及45钢在3.5wt.%NaCl溶液中的极化曲线。从图中可知,所制备的非晶合金条带在3.5wt.%NaCl溶液中均表现出较宽的钝化区间,较低的钝化电流密度和较高的腐蚀电位;其中,钝化区间为~1.2V,钝化电流密度<10-4A/cm2。由于所制备的非晶涂层中存在氧化、孔隙等缺陷,其耐腐蚀性能虽逊于非晶条带但仍远优于45钢。
图6为上述制得的非晶合金涂层与45钢的摩擦系数曲线。从图中可知,在载荷20N,速率20mm/s的摩擦条件下,45钢的摩擦系数为0.7左右,且随着摩擦距离的增大,45钢的摩擦系数波动较为剧烈。相比之下,非晶涂层的摩擦系数为0.17左右,并且十分稳定,表现出优异的减摩性能。
图7为上述制得的非晶合金涂层与45钢的摩擦20min后的磨损体积图。从图中可知,该非晶涂层的磨损体积约为45钢的1/4,说明该合金涂层具有优异的耐磨性能。
利用维氏显微硬度计测试了上述制得的非晶合金棒材与涂层截面的硬度,所用载荷为100g,作用时间为15s,随机选取10处区域进行测量。结果表明,非晶棒材的平均硬度值大于950,非晶涂层的硬度约为600。
实施例2
本实施例中铁基非晶合金的分子式与实施例1相同,均为Fe34Ni20Cr20Mo5Nb1B4C4P12,但喷涂工艺参数不同:喷涂功率28kW,氩气流量为65L/min,氢气流量为4.5L/min,送粉速率为25g/min,喷涂距离为12mm,喷枪移动速度为1000mm/s。
本实施例中非晶涂层的X射线衍射图也呈现完全非晶结构,通过对比非晶涂层与条带晶化焓的差异,确定该工艺下涂层非晶含量大于80%。通过横截面的扫描电镜图评估了涂层孔隙率,涂层孔隙率约为5.2%。
以与实施例1相同的方法测试该铁基非晶合金涂层的防腐、耐磨性能及其硬度,结果表明其防腐、耐磨蚀性能远优于45钢,其平均维氏硬度约为580。
实施例3
本实施例中铁基非晶合金的分子式与实施例1相同,均为Fe34Ni20Cr20Mo5Nb1B4C4P12,但喷涂工艺参数不同:喷涂功率42kW,氩气流量为85L/min,氢气流量为7.3L/min,送粉速率为25g/min,喷涂距离为12mm,喷枪移动速度为1000mm/s。
本实施例中非晶涂层的X射线衍射图中有微量晶体相析出,表现出部分非晶结构。通过比较非晶涂层与条带晶化焓的差异,确定该工艺下涂层非晶含量大于60%。通过横截面的扫描电镜图评估了涂层孔隙率,涂层孔隙率约为1.75%。
以与实施例1相同的方法测试该铁基非晶合金涂层的防腐、耐磨性能及其硬度,结果表明其防腐、耐磨蚀性能远优于45钢,其平均维氏硬度约为650。
Claims (10)
1.一种耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金,其特征在于,以原子摩尔百分含量计,其化学分子式为FeaNibCrcModNbeBfCgPh,其中a=30~50,b=0~20,c=0~20,d=0~10,e=0~5,f=0~4,g=0~4,h=0~12,a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h=100。
2.一种耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金粉末,其特征在于,由权利要求1所述耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金制成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金粉末,其特征在于,所述铁基非晶合金粉末粒径为20~50μm,具有高球型度且粉末非晶含量高于90%。
4.一种权利要求2所述的耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金粉末的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将Fe、Ni、Cr、Mo、Nb、FeB、CrC合金和FeP合金按照原子摩尔百分含量进行配料,得到混合料;
(2)在保护气氛下对所述混合料进行感应熔炼,得到母合金锭;
(3)将母合金破碎后重新熔化,得到母合金熔体;利用真空喷雾法对母合金熔体进行喷雾冷却,得到铁基非晶合金粉末。
5.根据权利要求3所述的耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金粉末的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述喷雾冷却过程中的喷射压力为0.02~0.03Mpa,喷射温度为1100~1150℃,雾化压力为7~9MPa。
6.一种耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金涂层,其特征在于,由权利要求1所述的耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金制成。
7.根据权利要求6所述的耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金涂层,其特征在于,所述耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金涂层的非晶含量大于70%,孔隙率小于5%,硬度大于600HV0.1。
8.一种权利要求6所述的耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金涂层的制备方法,其特征在于,以耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金粉末为原料,通过等离子喷涂在基体表面制得。
9.根据权利要求8所述的耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金涂层的制备方法,其特征在于,所述等离子喷涂的工艺参数为:喷涂功率28~42kW,氩气流量为65~85L/min,氢气流量为4.5~7.3L/min。
10.根据权利要求8所述的耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金涂层的制备方法,其特征在于,送粉速率为25~35g/min,喷涂距离为12~15mm,喷枪移动速度为1000mm/s。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210276629.3A CN114645224A (zh) | 2022-03-21 | 2022-03-21 | 一种耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金、粉末及制法、涂层及制法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210276629.3A CN114645224A (zh) | 2022-03-21 | 2022-03-21 | 一种耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金、粉末及制法、涂层及制法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN114645224A true CN114645224A (zh) | 2022-06-21 |
Family
ID=81994658
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210276629.3A Pending CN114645224A (zh) | 2022-03-21 | 2022-03-21 | 一种耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金、粉末及制法、涂层及制法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN114645224A (zh) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011116350A1 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-09-22 | Crucible Intellectual Property, Llc | Iron- chromium- molybdenum - based thermal spray powder and method of making of the same |
CN102534435A (zh) * | 2010-12-20 | 2012-07-04 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | 一种铁基非晶合金粉末和铁基非晶合金涂层及其制备方法 |
CN104313531A (zh) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-01-28 | 长安大学 | 一种锅炉管束用耐蚀耐磨铁基非晶涂层的制备方法 |
CN108624827A (zh) * | 2017-03-20 | 2018-10-09 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | 一种超低磁防腐铁基非晶合金、粉末及其涂层的制备方法 |
US20200324373A1 (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-10-15 | Baolong Shen | Iron-based amorphous nanocrystalline laser cladding composite coating, preparation method and test method thereof |
-
2022
- 2022-03-21 CN CN202210276629.3A patent/CN114645224A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011116350A1 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-09-22 | Crucible Intellectual Property, Llc | Iron- chromium- molybdenum - based thermal spray powder and method of making of the same |
CN102534435A (zh) * | 2010-12-20 | 2012-07-04 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | 一种铁基非晶合金粉末和铁基非晶合金涂层及其制备方法 |
CN104313531A (zh) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-01-28 | 长安大学 | 一种锅炉管束用耐蚀耐磨铁基非晶涂层的制备方法 |
CN108624827A (zh) * | 2017-03-20 | 2018-10-09 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | 一种超低磁防腐铁基非晶合金、粉末及其涂层的制备方法 |
US20200324373A1 (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-10-15 | Baolong Shen | Iron-based amorphous nanocrystalline laser cladding composite coating, preparation method and test method thereof |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Wang et al. | Spraying of Fe-based amorphous coating with high corrosion resistance by HVAF | |
Kumar et al. | Optimization of mechanical and corrosion properties of plasma sprayed low-chromium containing Fe-based amorphous/nanocrystalline composite coating | |
Huang et al. | Synthesis of Fe–Cr–Mo–C–B amorphous coating with high corrosion resistance | |
Liu et al. | Enhancement of wear and corrosion resistance of iron-based hard coatings deposited by high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying | |
Branagan et al. | Wear-resistant amorphous and nanocomposite steel coatings | |
WO2020155283A1 (zh) | 一种高熵合金硼化物陶瓷及其制备方法和应用 | |
EP1552027B1 (en) | Hard metallic materials,hard metallic coatings, methods of processing metallic materials and methods of producing metallic coatings | |
CN109930053B (zh) | 一种FeCoNiCrMn高熵合金及利用该合金制备耐磨涂层的方法 | |
KR100271996B1 (ko) | 내마모성 및 내식성 비정질 합금 주성분 금속성 피니쉬 및 그 제조방법 | |
CN105088108B (zh) | 一种铁基非晶合金、其粉末材料以及耐磨防腐涂层 | |
CN107527702B (zh) | 一种铁基非晶态合金粉末及其制备方法和用途 | |
CN114107827B (zh) | 一种3d打印用双相不锈钢粉末及其制备和打印方法 | |
CN110129649A (zh) | 一种高熵合金涂层粉末及纳米晶高熵合金涂层的制备方法 | |
CN109622978A (zh) | 一种非晶合金粉末及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN108504964B (zh) | 一种高稳定性铁基非晶合金、粉末及其涂层 | |
Freitas et al. | Microstructural characterization and wear resistance of boride-reinforced steel coatings produced by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) | |
Mahaffey et al. | Structure evolution and corrosion performance of CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy coatings produced via plasma spray and cold spray | |
Jiang et al. | Improvements in microstructure and wear resistance of plasma-sprayed Fe-based amorphous coating by laser-remelting | |
Koga et al. | An overview of thermally sprayed Fe-Cr-Nb-B metallic glass coatings: from the alloy development to the coating’s performance against corrosion and wear | |
Inoue et al. | Multicomponent bulk metallic glasses with elevated-temperature resistance | |
CN114645224A (zh) | 一种耐蚀高铬铁基非晶合金、粉末及制法、涂层及制法 | |
Pathak et al. | Process—structure—property relationship for plasma-sprayed iron-based amorphous/crystalline composite coatings | |
CN100413997C (zh) | 一种高耐蚀性的镍基完全非晶合金涂层的制备方法 | |
CN108624827B (zh) | 一种超低磁防腐铁基非晶合金、粉末及其涂层的制备方法 | |
JP6169566B2 (ja) | サーメット被覆材、サーメット被覆材を製造するための合金粉末、およびサーメット被覆材の製造方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20220621 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |