CN114634819A - Heat exchange device and method for performing heat exchange regulation by using same - Google Patents
Heat exchange device and method for performing heat exchange regulation by using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN114634819A CN114634819A CN202210407161.7A CN202210407161A CN114634819A CN 114634819 A CN114634819 A CN 114634819A CN 202210407161 A CN202210407161 A CN 202210407161A CN 114634819 A CN114634819 A CN 114634819A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J6/00—Heat treatments such as Calcining; Fusing ; Pyrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
- F23L9/04—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel by discharging the air beyond the fire, i.e. nearer the smoke outlet
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat exchange device and a method for regulating and controlling heat exchange by using the same. The heat exchange device comprises a heat exchange tube unit and a afterburning air tube unit, wherein one end of the afterburning air tube unit is inserted into the heat exchange tube unit and used for introducing an oxidant into the heat exchange tube unit; the heat exchange tube unit is sleeved inside the thermochemical reactor and is used for introducing an external heat source within a preset temperature range and transferring physical sensible heat of the external heat source and combustion heat release of the external heat source and an oxidant into the thermochemical reactor so as to provide heat for the thermochemical reaction in the thermochemical reactor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchange, in particular to a heat exchange device and a method for regulating and controlling heat exchange by using the same.
Background
The thermochemical conversion and utilization of the carbon-containing raw material is an important means for producing carbon-based materials and chemical synthesis gas sources, and the heat required in the thermochemical conversion process can come from an external heat source.
In the process of implementing the invention, it is found that in the process of transferring the heat of the external heat source to the thermochemical reactor, the temperature along the way in the heat exchange tube of the reactor is reduced, so that the effective reaction area in the reactor is reduced, and the full reaction is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the above, the present invention provides a heat exchange device and a method for controlling heat exchange by using the same, so as to at least partially solve the above technical problems.
(II) technical scheme
One aspect of the present invention provides a heat exchange device, comprising a heat exchange tube unit and a afterburning air tube unit, wherein:
one end of the afterburning air pipe unit is inserted into the heat exchange pipe unit and is used for introducing an oxidant into the heat exchange pipe unit;
the heat exchange tube unit is sleeved inside the thermochemical reactor and is used for introducing an external heat source within a preset temperature range and transferring physical sensible heat of the external heat source and combustion heat release of the external heat source and an oxidant into the thermochemical reactor so as to provide heat for the thermochemical reaction in the thermochemical reactor.
According to an embodiment of the invention, wherein:
the heat exchange tube unit comprises a plurality of tubular channels which are sequentially connected by a plurality of elbow channels, wherein each tubular channel is provided with at least one afterburning air pipe unit.
According to an embodiment of the invention, wherein:
the afterburning air pipe unit comprises a main air pipe, wherein a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the axial direction of the main air pipe.
According to an embodiment of the invention, wherein:
the air outlets are divided into multiple groups, and the air outlets in different groups have different aperture and number.
According to an embodiment of the invention, wherein:
the afterburning air pipe unit comprises a main air pipe and a plurality of secondary air pipes which are sequentially nested outside the main air pipe layer by layer, wherein a plurality of air outlets are formed in the outlet ends of the main air pipe and each secondary air pipe.
According to an embodiment of the invention, wherein:
each tubular channel is provided with a post-combustion air pipe unit, the outlet end of the post-combustion air pipe unit is inserted into the tubular channel, and the length of the post-combustion air pipe unit inserted into the tubular channel is 2/3 which is greater than the total length of the tubular channel.
According to an embodiment of the invention, wherein:
and two afterburning air pipe units are arranged in each tubular channel, and the outlet ends of the two afterburning air pipe units are respectively inserted into the two ends of the tubular channel.
According to an embodiment of the invention, wherein:
the pipe diameters of the plurality of tubular channels gradually increase in the flow direction along the external heat source.
According to an embodiment of the invention, wherein:
the heat exchange tube units are provided with a plurality of groups which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the thermochemical reactor.
A method for performing heat exchange regulation and control by using the heat exchange device comprises the following steps:
introducing an external heat source within a preset temperature range into a heat exchange tube unit sleeved in the thermochemical reactor;
an oxidant is introduced into the afterburning air pipe unit inserted in the heat exchange pipe unit, so that the physical sensible heat of the external heat source and the combustion heat release of the external heat source and the oxidant are transferred into the thermochemical reactor through the heat exchange pipe unit, and heat is provided for the thermochemical reaction in the thermochemical reactor;
the amount of the oxidizing agent introduced was adjusted according to the temperature inside the thermochemical reactor.
(III) advantageous effects
According to the embodiment of the invention, the afterburning air pipe unit is arranged, the oxidant is introduced into the heat exchange pipe unit through the afterburning air pipe unit, and the heat released by the combustion of the external heat source and the oxidant can be transferred into the thermochemical reactor on the basis of transferring the physical sensible heat of the external heat source into the thermochemical reactor, so that the heat supplied by the thermochemical reaction in the thermochemical reactor can be supplemented, the temperature along the path in the heat exchange pipe of the reactor can be prevented from being reduced, and the sufficient proceeding of the thermochemical reaction can be ensured. In addition, the oxidant is introduced to promote the combustion of combustible components in the internal and external heat sources of the heat exchanger, the temperature of the external heat sources in the heat exchanger is increased, the heat exchange of the heat exchanger is strengthened, the full progress of the thermochemical reaction can be ensured even if the internal flow rate of the heat exchanger is in a higher state, the whole height of the heat exchanger does not need to be greatly increased, and the construction cost of the reactor is saved on the basis of ensuring the heat exchange effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat exchange device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat exchange device of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat exchange device of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a post-combustion air duct unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a post-combustion air duct unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
1. a thermochemical reactor; 2. a heat exchange pipe unit; 21. a tubular passage; 22. an elbow channel; 3. a post-combustion air duct unit; 30. an air outlet; 31. a main air duct; 32. a secondary air duct;
A. an external heat source; B. an oxidizing agent; l, smoke.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following specific embodiments.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is illustrative only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In the following detailed description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the disclosure. It may be evident, however, that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. The terms "comprises," "comprising," and the like, as used herein, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.
All terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art unless otherwise defined. It is noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with the context of this specification and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.
Where a convention analogous to "at least one of A, B and C, etc." is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B and C" would include but not be limited to systems that have a alone, B alone, C alone, a and B together, a and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, C together, etc.). Where a convention analogous to "A, B or at least one of C, etc." is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B or C" would include but not be limited to systems that have a alone, B alone, C alone, a and B together, a and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, C together, etc.).
The thermochemical conversion and utilization of the carbon-containing raw material is an important means for producing carbon-based materials and chemical synthesis gas sources. Combustion and gasification are two of the conversion modes; in addition, high-chemical-activity substances in coal are converted into liquid fuel, coal chemical industry synthetic raw material gas and chemicals by a thermochemical conversion mode before combustion or gasification, and the method is a main way for realizing graded and separate utilization of the coal; in addition, the semicoke produced by thermochemical conversion can be used as a fuel to supplement the shortfall of the current clean energy supply, or for the production of carbon materials (such as activated carbon and the like).
The sources of heat required for a thermochemical conversion process can be divided into autothermal and external heat. Wherein, the self-heating is the heat released by the chemical reaction of the oxidant and the raw material; the external heat is heat energy from outside the raw material, and is input into the reactor to be utilized by the thermochemical conversion process of the raw material. The disadvantage of self-heating is that part of the feedstock is consumed as fuel to generate heat; the problems of external heat are how to ensure heat transfer efficiency, the influence of the heat input means on the reactor temperature, and the like. Taking the external heat (heat exchange tube) type pulverized coal pyrolysis process as an example, when the material flow direction in the heat exchange tube is parallel to the material flow direction in the reactor, the temperature along the path in the heat exchange tube of the reactor is reduced along with the progress of endothermic reaction in the reactor, so that the effective reaction area in the reactor is reduced, and the full progress of the reaction is influenced; when the external heat source contains solid combustible materials, on one hand, the height of the heat exchange tube needs to be increased or the diameter of the heat exchange tube needs to be increased to reduce the flow velocity so as to ensure that the combustible materials are fully burnt out when staying for a while, on the other hand, the height of the heat exchange tube is increased to correspondingly increase the height of the reactor and increase the construction cost, and the heat exchange strengthening between the heat exchanger and the reactor requires the high flow velocity of the heat source in the heat exchange tube, so that the contradiction exists.
In conclusion, the process of providing heat for thermochemical conversion by adopting an external heat type heat exchange mode has the following problems:
(1) along with the progress of endothermic reaction in the reactor, the temperature along the way in the heat exchange tube of the reactor is reduced, so that the effective reaction area in the reactor is reduced, and the full progress of the reaction is influenced.
(2) When the external heat source contains the solid combustible, in order to ensure a strong heat exchange effect between the reactor and the heat exchanger, the inside of the heat exchanger needs to have a high flow velocity, but the high flow velocity can cause the reactant to stay in the heat exchanger for a short time, so the size of the heat exchanger needs to be increased to ensure sufficient reaction time, and the contradiction between the cost (height) of reactor construction, the requirement of heat exchange enhancement between the external heat source heat exchanger and the reactor and the full reaction of the solid combustible is caused.
In view of the above, the present invention provides a heat exchange device, comprising a heat exchange tube unit and a afterburning air duct unit, wherein:
one end of the afterburning air pipe unit is inserted into the heat exchange pipe unit and is used for introducing an oxidant into the heat exchange pipe unit;
the heat exchange tube unit is sleeved inside the thermochemical reactor and is used for introducing an external heat source within a preset temperature range and transferring physical sensible heat of the external heat source and combustion heat release of the external heat source and an oxidant into the thermochemical reactor so as to provide heat for the thermochemical reaction in the thermochemical reactor.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the external heat source contains combustible components, which may be high temperature combustible gas, high temperature combustible gas-solid mixture, etc., and the temperature of the external heat source is within a preset temperature range, preferably higher than the reaction temperature in the thermochemical reactor, such as 600-1000 ℃ for thermochemical reaction and 1000-1200 ℃ for external heat source.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the afterburning air pipe unit is arranged, the oxidant is introduced into the heat exchange pipe unit through the afterburning air pipe unit, and the heat released by the combustion of the external heat source and the oxidant can be transferred into the thermochemical reactor on the basis of transferring the physical sensible heat of the external heat source into the thermochemical reactor, so that the heat supplied by the thermochemical reaction in the thermochemical reactor can be supplemented, the temperature along the path in the heat exchange pipe of the reactor can be prevented from being reduced, and the sufficient proceeding of the thermochemical reaction can be ensured. In addition, the oxidant is introduced to promote the combustion of combustible components in the internal and external heat sources of the heat exchanger, the temperature of the external heat sources in the heat exchanger is increased, the heat exchange of the heat exchanger is strengthened, the full progress of the thermochemical reaction can be ensured even if the internal flow rate of the heat exchanger is in a higher state, the whole height of the heat exchanger does not need to be greatly increased, and the construction cost of the reactor is saved on the basis of ensuring the heat exchange effect.
Fig. 1 to 8 are schematic structural diagrams of heat exchange devices in different structural forms according to the embodiment of the invention; fig. 9 and 10 are schematic structural diagrams of afterburning air duct units with different structural forms according to embodiments of the invention, and the heat exchange device according to the embodiments of the invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 10.
As shown in fig. 1, the heat exchange device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a heat exchange pipe unit 2 and a post-combustion air pipe unit 3, wherein: the heat exchange tube unit 2 is sleeved inside the thermochemical reactor 1, and the heat exchange tube unit 2 is used for introducing an external heat source A within a preset temperature range. One end of the afterburning air pipe unit 3 is inserted in the heat exchange pipe unit 2 and is used for introducing an oxidant B into the heat exchange pipe unit.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the heat exchange tube unit 2 comprises a plurality of tubular channels 21 which are sequentially connected by a plurality of elbow channels 22, wherein each tubular channel 21 is provided with at least one after-burning air pipe unit 3, the outlet end of the after-burning air pipe unit 3 is inserted into the tubular channel 21, the inlet end of the after-burning air pipe unit 3 is positioned outside the thermochemical reactor 1, an oxidant B enters the heat exchange tube unit 2 through the after-burning air pipe unit 3 to react with combustible in the heat exchange tube unit 2, the temperature in the heat exchange tube unit 2 is regulated and controlled in a segmented manner, and the temperature in the thermochemical reactor 1 is further controlled, wherein the plurality of tubular channels 21 can be arranged in parallel at equal intervals.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the number of the post-combustion air pipe units 3 is consistent with that of the tubular channels 21, and each tubular channel 21 is provided with one post-combustion air pipe unit 3, so that the staged combustion of fuel in the heat exchanger is realized, and further the staged control of the temperature in the heat exchanger is realized.
According to the embodiment of the invention, by configuring at least one afterburning air pipe unit 3 for each tubular channel 21, the amount of the oxidant introduced into each tubular channel 21 can be independently controlled, the oxidant can be fed along the heat exchange pipe unit 2 along multiple points for afterburning, the temperature and heat exchange of the heat exchange pipe unit 2 along the direction can be further controlled in a segmented manner, and the temperature inside the reactor can be further regulated in a segmented manner.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the heat exchange tube unit 2 is arranged in a reciprocating multi-flow manner, on one hand, the residence time and the reaction time of combustible materials in the heat exchange tube unit 2 can be increased while the speed in the heat exchange tube unit 2 is ensured to enhance heat transfer; on the other hand, the flexible arrangement of the feeding positions of the oxidant is facilitated, and the flexible regulation and control of the amount of the oxidant fed at each point are realized.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of the heat exchange device shown in fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 2, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange tube unit 2 is provided in a set, and the set of heat exchange tube unit 2 is provided at a central position inside the thermochemical reactor 1.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the inlet end of the post-combustion flue pipe unit 3 is located at one side of the thermochemical reactor 1, so as to facilitate the arrangement of the main piping for the source of the oxidizing agent.
According to the embodiment of the invention, each tubular channel is provided with one afterburning air pipe unit, the outlet end of the afterburning air pipe unit is inserted into the tubular channel, and the length of the afterburning air pipe unit inserted into the tubular channel is greater than 2/3 of the total length of the tubular channel, so that the temperature of a wider area in the tubular channel 21 can be regulated.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of the heat exchange device shown in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the heat exchange device of this embodiment has substantially the same structure as the heat exchange device of fig. 1, except that: the heat exchange tube units 2 are provided with a plurality of groups, and the heat exchange tube units 2 are uniformly distributed and arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the thermochemical reactor 1. Under the condition that the cross section of the thermochemical reactor 1 is circular, a plurality of groups of heat exchange tube units 2 are arranged on a circumference concentric with the cross section of the thermochemical reactor 1, so that the arrangement is favorable for increasing the heat exchange area and strengthening the heat exchange.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 5, the heat exchanger of this embodiment has substantially the same structure as the heat exchanger of fig. 1, except that: each tubular channel 21 is provided with two afterburning air pipe units 3, the outlet ends of the two afterburning air pipe units 3 are respectively inserted into the two ends of the tubular channel 21, and the inlet ends of the two afterburning air pipe units 3 are respectively positioned at the two opposite sides of the thermochemical reactor 1, so that on one hand, the length of each afterburning air pipe unit 3 can be shortened, the expansion and deformation of the afterburning air pipe unit under the high-temperature condition are reduced, on the other hand, the structural form of a single afterburning air pipe unit 3 is facilitated to be simplified, and the flexible adjustment of the afterburning air quantity in regional control is realized.
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the heat exchange device shown in fig. 6.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the heat exchange device of this embodiment has substantially the same structure as the heat exchange device of fig. 3, except that: the structure is suitable for the condition that the height of the heat exchanger is low, the tubular channel 21 of each heat exchange tube unit 2 is provided with one afterburning air pipe unit 3, and the inlet ends of the afterburning air pipe units 3 are alternately positioned on two opposite sides of the thermochemical reactor 1.
In the afterburning air pipe unit 3, the afterburning air outlet is positioned at the tail end of the afterburning air pipe unit 3, and the length of the afterburning air pipe unit 3 extending into the tubular channel 21 is not more than the height of the elbow channel 22 of the heat exchange pipe unit 2, so that the length of each afterburning air pipe unit 3 is shortened, and the expansion and deformation of the heat exchange pipe unit under the high-temperature condition are reduced on the premise of ensuring the heat exchange effect.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 8, the heat exchange device of this embodiment has substantially the same structure as the heat exchange device of fig. 6, except that: the tube diameters of the plurality of tubular passages 21 gradually increase in the direction of the flow of the external heat source a. Namely, along the air flow direction in the heat exchange tube unit 2, the heat exchange tube unit 2 gradually increases along the path tube diameter: the pipe diameter of the tubular channel 21 behind each afterburning air outlet is larger than that of the tubular channel 21 in front of the afterburning air outlet, namely d1 < d2 < d3 < d4 < d5, as the afterburning air is fed along the way, the air quantity along the way in the heat exchange pipe unit 2 is more and more, if the pipe diameters of the plurality of tubular channels 21 are the same, the flow speed along the way in the heat exchange pipe unit 2 is higher and more, and thus, the situation that the flow speed in the heat exchange pipe is not obviously changed along with the feeding of the afterburning air and the increase of the gas volume in the pipe can be ensured.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a post-combustion air duct unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 9, the post-combustion air duct unit includes a main air duct 31, wherein a plurality of air outlet holes 30 are provided along the axial direction of the main air duct 31, and the aperture and the number of the air outlet holes 30 can be set according to actual requirements.
For example, the plurality of air outlets 30 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the cross section of the main air duct 31, so as to ensure the uniformity of the distribution of the oxidant in the cross section of the tubular channel of the heat exchange tube unit and avoid local high temperature in the heat exchange tube.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of air outlets 30 can be divided into a plurality of groups, and the aperture and the number of the air outlets in different groups are different. The air quantity of each group of small holes is adjusted by controlling the aperture of each group of small holes and the number of the small holes, so that the temperature in the heat exchange pipe unit 2 is adjusted.
According to the embodiment of the invention, by adopting the structure, the amount of the oxidant fed along the way can be controlled by controlling the number and the arrangement mode of the afterburning air pipes and the hole diameters of the small holes along the way and the number of the small holes in the area of the afterburning air pipes, so that the temperature of the heat exchange pipe unit 2 along the way can be controlled.
Through dividing into the multiunit with a plurality of exhaust vents, and the aperture and the quantity of different groups of exhaust vents are different, can realize along 31 axial air output's of main tuber pipe segmentation adjustment, further realize hierarchical burning, and then realize the segmentation control to temperature in the heat exchanger.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a post-combustion air duct unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 10, the post-combustion air duct unit 3 according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises a main air duct 31 and a plurality of secondary air ducts 32 sequentially nested one above the other outside the main air duct, wherein the outlet ends of the main air duct and each of the secondary air ducts are provided with a plurality of air outlet holes 30. Namely, the afterburning air duct unit 3 adopts a sleeve structure, so that the oxidizer with different air volume can be introduced into the main air duct 31 and the secondary air duct 32 according to the actual use requirement, and the air volume of each group of small holes in the axial direction can be respectively controlled, so as to flexibly adjust the local temperature.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for regulating and controlling heat exchange by using the heat exchange device, which is described below with reference to the heat exchange device shown in fig. 1 as an example, and with reference to the heat exchange device shown in fig. 1. The method comprises the following steps:
firstly, introducing an external heat source A within a preset temperature range into a heat exchange tube unit 2 sleeved in a thermochemical reactor 1;
meanwhile, an oxidant B is introduced into the afterburning air pipe unit 3 inserted in the heat exchange pipe unit 2, so that the physical sensible heat of the external heat source A and the combustion exothermic heat of the external heat source A and the oxidant B are transferred into the thermochemical reactor 1 through the heat exchange pipe unit 2, heat is provided for the thermochemical reaction in the thermochemical reactor 1, wherein the external heat source A contains combustible substances, and the external heat source A and the oxidant B generate flue gas L after the combustion reaction in the heat exchange pipe unit 2 and are discharged.
The heat exchange tube unit 2 comprises a plurality of tubular channels 21 which are sequentially connected by a plurality of elbow channels 22, wherein each tubular channel 21 is provided with at least one afterburning air tube unit 3, the outlet end of the afterburning air tube unit 3 is inserted into the tubular channel 21, the inlet end of the afterburning air tube unit 3 is positioned outside the thermochemical reactor 1, and an oxidant B enters the heat exchange tube unit 2 through the afterburning air tube unit 3 and reacts with combustible materials in the heat exchange tube unit 2.
In the process of carrying out the thermalization and the reaction, the feeding amount of the oxidant B is adjusted according to the temperature change in the thermochemical reactor 1, so that the on-way temperature regulation and control in the heat exchange tube unit 2 is realized. Specifically, the amount of oxidant introduced into each afterburning air pipe unit 3 can be controlled separately, for example, at the outlet close to the heat exchange pipe unit 2, the amount of oxidant introduced into the afterburning air pipe unit 3 can be increased appropriately, so that the temperature in the heat exchange pipe unit 2 can be regulated and controlled in a segmented manner, the temperature in the heat exchange pipe of the reactor can be prevented from being reduced along the way, the temperature in the thermochemical reactor 1 can be controlled, and the thermochemical reaction can be fully performed.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a heat transfer device, includes heat exchange tube unit and afterburning tuber pipe unit, wherein:
one end of the afterburning air pipe unit is inserted into the heat exchange pipe unit and is used for introducing an oxidant into the heat exchange pipe unit;
the heat exchange tube unit is sleeved inside the thermochemical reactor and used for introducing an external heat source within a preset temperature range and transferring physical sensible heat of the external heat source and combustion heat release of the external heat source and the oxidant into the thermochemical reactor so as to provide heat for the thermochemical reaction in the thermochemical reactor.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the heat exchange tube unit comprises a plurality of tubular channels which are sequentially connected by a plurality of elbow channels, wherein each tubular channel is provided with at least one afterburning air pipe unit.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the afterburning air pipe unit comprises a main air pipe, wherein a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the axial direction of the main air pipe.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein:
the air outlets are divided into a plurality of groups, and the air outlets in different groups have different aperture and number.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the afterburning air pipe unit comprises a main air pipe and a plurality of secondary air pipes which are sequentially nested outside the main air pipe layer by layer, wherein the outlet ends of the main air pipe and each secondary air pipe are provided with a plurality of air outlets.
6. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein:
each tubular channel is provided with an afterburning air pipe unit, the outlet end of the afterburning air pipe unit is inserted into the tubular channel, and the length of the afterburning air pipe unit inserted into the tubular channel is greater than 2/3 of the total length of the tubular channel.
7. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein:
and each tubular channel is provided with two afterburning air pipe units, and the outlet ends of the two afterburning air pipe units are respectively inserted along the two ends of the tubular channel.
8. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein:
the pipe diameters of the plurality of tubular channels gradually increase in the flow direction along the external heat source.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the heat exchange tube units are provided with a plurality of groups, and the heat exchange tube units are uniformly distributed and arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the thermochemical reactor.
10. A method of regulating heat exchange using the apparatus of any one of claims 1-9, comprising:
introducing an external heat source within a preset temperature range into a heat exchange tube unit sleeved in the thermochemical reactor;
introducing an oxidant into a post-combustion air pipe unit inserted in the heat exchange pipe unit so as to transfer physical sensible heat of the external heat source and combustion heat release of the external heat source and the oxidant into the thermochemical reactor through the heat exchange pipe unit and provide heat for thermochemical reaction in the thermochemical reactor;
and adjusting the introduction amount of the oxidant according to the temperature in the thermochemical reactor.
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| CN202210407161.7A CN114634819A (en) | 2022-04-18 | 2022-04-18 | Heat exchange device and method for performing heat exchange regulation by using same |
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