CN113970104A

CN113970104A - Shaft type kiln body air inlet dangerous waste incineration system and dangerous waste incineration method

Info

Publication number: CN113970104A
Application number: CN202010709498.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李谦; 周浩宇; 叶恒棣; 魏进超; 沈维民; 王业峰; 陈思墨; 刘前
Original assignee: Zhongye Changtian International Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhongye Changtian International Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-22
Filing date: 2020-07-22
Publication date: 2022-01-25
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-22
Also published as: CN113970104B

Abstract

The invention discloses a shaft type kiln body air inlet hazardous waste incineration system, which is a rotary kiln incineration system and comprises a kiln head, a kiln body, a kiln tail and a shaft type air inlet pipeline. And a material inlet channel and a kiln head air inlet channel are arranged on the kiln head. The kiln body comprises a furnace lining and a hearth. The shaft type air inlet pipeline penetrates through the kiln head or the kiln tail and extends into the hearth. The shaft type air inlet pipeline is characterized in that an air outlet hole is formed in the pipe body of the shaft type air inlet pipeline, and a discharge hole is formed in the kiln tail. The system adopts a shaft type kiln body sectional air inlet and sectional temperature detection mode, and the change of the air inlet amount of the shaft type kiln body or the material feeding amount is adjusted through the change of real-time temperature. Thereby realizing that the temperature in the rotary kiln is always in the ideal incineration temperature range, effectively preventing the ring formation phenomenon and reducing the generation of dioxin.

Description

Shaft type kiln body air inlet dangerous waste incineration system and dangerous waste incineration method

Technical Field

The invention relates to an organic hazardous waste pyrolysate incineration treatment system, in particular to a shaft type kiln body air inlet hazardous waste incineration system and a hazardous waste incineration method, and belongs to the technical field of organic hazardous waste treatment.

Background

Generally, the incineration kiln can be used for incinerating organic hazardous wastes, is a rotary incineration kiln and is an important component device of a hazardous waste incineration system. The organic hazardous waste contains organic matters and has a certain calorific value, so that the organic hazardous waste is suitable for being treated in an incineration mode, the aim of reducing the volume of the hazardous waste can be achieved, the heat energy in the waste can be recovered, and the comprehensive utilization of resources is achieved.

The prior commonly-used hazardous waste rotary kiln is shown as figure 2, wherein a device 1 in the figure 2 is a rotary kiln head; the device 2 is a kiln body. The device 12 is a hazardous waste feed inlet; the device 13 is an air inlet; device 21 is a discharge outlet; in actual production, in order to make the material advance normally in the rotation process, the rotary kiln is installed with a certain inclination angle, which is higher at the left and lower at the right as shown in fig. 2.

The burning materials are pushed into the rotary kiln from the feeding hole of the device 12 by a hydraulic push rod (not shown in the figure), air enters the rotary kiln from the air inlet channel of the device 13, the materials are dried, pyrolyzed and ignited rapidly under the high-temperature environment, the burning materials are rolled continuously and move towards the tail of the kiln gradually under the rotation of the rotary kiln, the materials are combusted in the rolling and moving processes, and residues and smoke are discharged out of the kiln body from the discharging hole of the device 21.

In the prior art, a rotary kiln generally keeps a combustion temperature of 800-900 ℃, combustible components of hazardous wastes and air enter the rotary kiln from a kiln head, and after the hazardous wastes enter the rotary kiln, the hazardous wastes are rapidly dried, pyrolyzed and ignited and are fully contacted and combusted with the air under the rotation of the rotary kiln. However, the burning effect of the existing rotary kiln is not ideal, the temperature distribution along the kiln body direction is not uniform, the burning efficiency is not high, and the ring formation phenomenon easily occurs at the high-temperature section, which affects the normal production. It is also possible to increase the production of dioxins.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a shaft type kiln body air inlet dangerous waste incineration system, which supplies air to different incineration areas in a hearth through a shaft type air inlet system, thereby achieving the purposes of complete pyrolysis and thorough incineration of organic dangerous waste. The invention also adopts the mode of shaft kiln body sectional air inlet and sectional temperature detection, and adjusts the change of the air inlet volume of the shaft air inlet device chamber or changes the material input volume through the real-time temperature change. Thereby realizing that the temperature in the rotary kiln is always in the ideal incineration temperature range, effectively preventing the ring formation phenomenon and reducing the generation of dioxin.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

according to the first embodiment of the invention, the shaft type kiln body air inlet hazardous waste incineration system is a rotary kiln incineration system and comprises a kiln head, a kiln body, a kiln tail and a shaft type air inlet pipeline. And a material inlet channel and a kiln head air inlet channel are arranged on the kiln head. The kiln body comprises a furnace lining and a hearth. And a discharge port is arranged on the kiln tail. The shaft type air inlet pipeline penetrates through the kiln head or the kiln tail and then extends into the hearth. And an air outlet of the shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the hearth.

Preferably, the hearth of the rotary kiln incineration system is divided into n sections of chambers along the axial direction. The shaft type air inlet pipeline is provided with air outlet holes in the chamber of each section of the hearth 202, wherein: n is 2 to 10, preferably 3 to 8.

Preferably, the system is further provided with n axial air inlet pipes, and each axial air inlet pipe corresponds to one section of the hearth chamber. Namely, an independent axial air inlet pipeline is correspondingly arranged in the cavity of each section of the hearth, and an air outlet of the axial air inlet pipeline is positioned in the cavity of the section of the hearth.

Preferably, in the chamber of the furnace chamber corresponding to each shaft-type air inlet pipe, an air outlet is arranged on the pipe wall of the part of the shaft-type air inlet pipe located in the chamber of the furnace chamber.

Preferably, the air inlet of the shaft-type air inlet pipeline is positioned at the outer side of the kiln head or the kiln tail, and each shaft-type air inlet pipeline is independently provided with an air volume regulating valve.

Preferably, the hearth of the rotary kiln system is divided into section chambers along the axial direction, namely a hearth I section, a hearth II section, a hearth III section and a hearth IV section. The system is provided with 4 shaft type air inlet pipelines which are respectively a first shaft type air inlet pipeline, a second shaft type air inlet pipeline, a third shaft type air inlet pipeline and a fourth shaft type air inlet pipeline. Wherein: the air outlet hole of the first shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the I section of the hearth, the air outlet hole of the second shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the II section of the hearth, the air outlet hole of the third shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the III section of the hearth, and the air outlet hole of the fourth shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the IV section of the hearth.

Or, preferably, the hearth of the rotary kiln system is divided into 4 sections of chambers along the axial direction, namely a hearth I section, a hearth II section, a hearth III section and a hearth IV section. The system is provided with 3 shaft type air inlet pipelines which are respectively a first shaft type air inlet pipeline, a second shaft type air inlet pipeline and a third shaft type air inlet pipeline. The first shaft type air inlet pipeline penetrates through the whole rotary kiln incineration system from the axial direction of the rotary kiln incineration system, a wind shielding blind plate is arranged in the first shaft type air inlet pipeline, both ends of the first shaft type air inlet pipeline are air inlets, air outlet holes are formed in the pipe walls of the first shaft type air inlet pipeline, which are located on both sides of the wind shielding blind plate, and the air outlet holes in the first shaft type air inlet pipeline, which are located on both sides of the wind shielding blind plate, correspond to any two sections of cavities in the hearth respectively. And the second shaft type air inlet pipeline extends into the hearth from the kiln head, the third shaft type air inlet pipeline extends into the hearth from the kiln tail, and air outlet holes in the second shaft type air inlet pipeline and the third shaft type air inlet pipeline respectively correspond to two sections of chambers in the rest hearth. For example: the air outlets on the first axial air inlet pipes on two sides of the wind shielding blind plate respectively correspond to a hearth I section and a hearth IV section in the hearth, the air outlet on the air inlet pipe on the left side of the wind shielding blind plate is located in the hearth I section, and the air outlet on the air inlet pipe on the right side of the wind shielding blind plate is located in the hearth IV section. And the second shaft type air inlet pipeline extends into the hearth from the kiln head, and an air outlet on the side wall of the second shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the II section of the hearth. The third shaft type air inlet pipeline extends into the hearth from the kiln tail, and an air outlet hole in the side wall of the third shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the III section of the hearth. It can also be: the air outlets on the first axial air inlet pipes positioned on two sides of the wind shielding blind plate respectively correspond to a hearth I section and a hearth III section in the hearth, the air outlet on the air inlet pipe positioned on the left side of the wind shielding blind plate is positioned in the hearth I section, and the air outlet on the air inlet pipe positioned on the right side of the wind shielding blind plate is positioned in the hearth III section. And the second shaft type air inlet pipeline extends into the hearth from the kiln head, and an air outlet on the side wall of the second shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the II section of the hearth. The third shaft type air inlet pipeline extends into the hearth from the kiln tail, and an air outlet hole in the side wall of the third shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the hearth IV section.

Or, preferably, the hearth of the rotary kiln system is divided into 4 sections of chambers along the axial direction, namely a hearth I section, a hearth II section, a hearth III section and a hearth IV section. The system is provided with 3 shaft type air inlet pipelines which are respectively a first shaft type air inlet pipeline, a second shaft type air inlet pipeline and a third shaft type air inlet pipeline. The first shaft type air inlet pipeline penetrates through the whole rotary kiln incineration system from the axial direction of the rotary kiln incineration system, and both ends of the first shaft type air inlet pipeline are air inlets. The first shaft type air inlet pipeline is internally provided with 3 wind shielding blind plates and is divided into 4 independent air outlet sections, namely an air outlet section, an air outlet section and an air outlet section, wherein the 4 air outlet sections respectively correspond to 4 cavities of the hearth. The pipe wall of the first shaft type air inlet pipeline corresponding to any section of air outlet section is provided with an air outlet. And a second shaft type air inlet pipeline is sleeved and extended into the first shaft type air inlet pipeline from the kiln head 1, and an air outlet of the second shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the air outlet second section. And a third shaft type air inlet pipeline is sleeved and extended into the first shaft type air inlet pipeline from the kiln tail, and an air outlet of the third shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the air outlet section. An air inlet of the first shaft type air inlet pipeline, which is positioned at the kiln head end, independently supplies air to the I section of the hearth through an air outlet section. An air inlet of the first shaft type air inlet pipeline positioned at the tail end of the kiln independently supplies air to the furnace chamber IV section through four air outlet sections. And a second shaft type air inlet pipeline independently supplies air to the II section of the hearth through the air outlet two sections. And the third shaft type air inlet pipeline independently supplies air to the III section of the hearth through the air outlet three sections.

Preferably, one end of each shaft-type air inlet pipeline, which is close to the air inlet, is provided with an air volume adjusting valve.

Preferably, the inner wall of the axial air inlet pipe is provided with radial threads and/or axial threads with different heights.

Preferably, the system further comprises a temperature detection probe. The temperature detection probe is arranged in the hearth.

Preferably, the system comprises a plurality of said temperature sensing probes. A plurality of temperature detect probe evenly distributes and sets up in the furnace.

Preferably, the number of the plurality of temperature detection probes is 1 to 50, preferably 2 to 40, and more preferably 3 to 30.

According to a second embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for incinerating hazardous waste by feeding air into a shaft kiln body or using the system of the first embodiment, the method comprising the steps of:

1) according to the trend of the materials, the materials are put into the hearth through the material inlet channel for pyrolysis and incineration treatment. Simultaneously, combustion air enters the hearth through the kiln head air inlet channel to provide oxygen for the pyrolysis incineration of the materials. And discharging the material residues and the smoke after pyrolysis and incineration through a discharge hole.

2) When the materials are pyrolyzed and incinerated in the hearth, the change condition of the temperature in the hearth is detected in real time, and combustion-supporting gas is supplemented into the hearth through the shaft type air inlet pipeline to realize the sufficient combustion of the materials.

Preferably, the method further comprises step 3): in the process of burning materials by rotating the rotary kiln, the shaft type air inlet pipeline supplies air to different burning areas in the hearth by detecting the change conditions of the temperatures of the different burning areas in the hearth in real time.

Preferably, step 2) is specifically:

201) and monitoring the incineration temperature of different incineration areas in the hearth to be Tx and DEG C in real time through the plurality of temperature detection probes. And x is the total number of the temperature detection probes. The average temperature of burning in the hearth is recorded as Tp and DEG C; then:

tp ═ (T1+ T2+ T3+ ·+ Tx)/x.

S_T＝[(T1-Tp)²+(T2-Tp)²+(T3-Tp)²+...(Tx-Tp)²]Formula IV.

In the formula IV, S_TIs the variance of the incineration temperature.

202) Setting the ideal burning temperature in the hearth as Ta and DEG C and the ideal temperature fluctuation value as C. Then:

preferably, when Tp < (Ta-C), the material input amount in the hearth is increased through the material inlet channel or the heating value of the material is increased under the premise that the material input amount is not changed, so that Tp is (Ta +/-C).

Preferably, when Tp > (Ta + C), the charge of material in the furnace is reduced through the material inlet channel or the calorific value of the material is reduced with the charge of material unchanged, so that Tp becomes (Ta ± C).

Preferably, step 203) is performed when Tp is (Ta ± C):

203) setting the ideal temperature variance of the system as S_TaAnd then:

when S is_T≤S_TaAnd meanwhile, the system maintains the current state to continuously run without any adjustment.

When S is_T＞S_TaThen, the following calculation is performed in sequence:

T_yi.e. Tx-Tp i.

In the formula V, T_yThe absolute value of the temperature difference between the temperature of each temperature detection point and the average temperature is obtained.

Get T_yAnd (3) judging the temperature value Tx corresponding to the maximum time:

203a) when Tx is larger than Tp, the air inlet quantity of the corresponding axial air inlet pipeline is reduced until Tx of the temperature point is equal to (Ta +/-C).

203b) When Tx is less than Tp, the air inlet quantity of the corresponding axial air inlet pipeline is increased until Tx of the temperature point is equal to (Ta +/-C).

After the adjustment is completed according to 203a) or 203b), the step 201) is returned to, and the monitoring is continued.

Preferably, in step 202), when Tp < (Ta-C), increasing the material input amount in the furnace chamber through the material inlet passage or increasing the heating value of the material under the condition that the material input amount is not changed is carried out in steps. When Tp > (Ta + C), the material input amount in the hearth 202 is reduced through the material inlet channel or the calorific value of the material is reduced step by step on the premise that the material input amount is not changed.

Preferably, the adjustment amount of the materials increased or decreased in each step is k% based on the percentage of the total mass of the single material feeding. The value of k is 1-15, preferably 2-12, and more preferably 3-9. Or

Preferably, the adjustment to increase or decrease the heating value of the material per step is s%, based on the percentage of the total heating value of a single charge. The value of s is 1-15, preferably 2-12, and more preferably 3-9.

Preferably, in step 203), when S_T＞S_TaIn the method, the air inlet quantity reduced or increased through the shaft type air inlet pipeline is performed step by step, and the air inlet adjustment quantity reduced or increased in each step is p percent based on the percentage of the total air inlet quantity. The value of p is 1-10, preferably 2-8, and more preferably 3-5.

In the prior art, the existing rotary incineration kiln device is generally provided with only one air inlet, namely all air required by material incineration enters the rotary kiln from the kiln head, and the air quantity can be adjusted only through the flow of the air in the kiln head. This has two disadvantages: firstly, the air just got into the rotary kiln, can form an oxygen-enriched section at the rotary kiln entrance, and the material is sufficient, violent burning in this section oxygen, and the temperature is higher, and the rotary kiln back end then oxygen is not enough, and the temperature reduces rapidly, has formed the temperature distribution structure that the rotary kiln forward range temperature is high (being too high than ideal temperature value Ta), and the backward range temperature is low (being too low than ideal temperature value Ta). The normal combustion temperature Ta of the materials in the rotary kiln is generally guaranteed to be 850-900 ℃, when the high temperature in the rotary kiln is too high, ash slag is easy to melt, and when the temperature is too low, the molten ash slag is condensed, so that the ring formation phenomenon is caused. Meanwhile, as the solid materials are not uniformly contacted with the air, partial residues cannot be fully combusted, and the generation of dioxin is probably increased. Secondly, the temperature of the rotary kiln cannot be flexibly adjusted in real time according to the actual working condition, and in order to ensure that the residue ignition loss rate reaches the standard, the coefficient of excess air in the rotary kiln is generally 2.0-2.5, and the heat enthalpy caused by the large amount of cold air entering and the large amount of smoke taken away causes large heat loss and low combustion efficiency.

The rotary incineration kiln system with the rotary kiln hearth temperature detection mechanism and the shaft type kiln body air inlet mechanism can detect the temperature distribution of each area in the hearth, realize air inlet control through the kiln body, and simultaneously adjust the kiln body air inlet mechanism in real time according to the currently detected temperature distribution condition in the hearth, effectively ensure uniform temperature distribution in the rotary kiln hearth, avoid the occurrence of overhigh temperature and overhigh temperature in the rotary kiln hearth, realize accurate control of kiln temperature, greatly slow down the ring formation phenomenon of the existing rotary kiln, improve the combustion efficiency and avoid the generation of dioxin.

In the invention, in order to effectively control the uniform temperature distribution in the hearth of the incineration rotary kiln, a kiln head of the rotary kiln is respectively provided with a material inlet channel and a kiln head air inlet channel which are not communicated with each other for respectively carrying out material feeding and combustion-supporting air conveying, meanwhile, a shaft type air inlet pipeline with an air outlet hole is arranged on the kiln head or the kiln tail of the rotary kiln in a penetrating way, the shaft type air inlet pipeline simultaneously enters air from an air inlet of the kiln head or the kiln tail, air throttle valves (air quantity regulating valves) are arranged at air inlets of the shaft type air inlet pipeline, and the air inlet quantity of the shaft type air inlet pipeline is controlled by regulating the opening degree of the air throttle valves.

In the invention, because the shaft type air inlet pipeline is an air supply pipeline with a certain cavity and the pipe body is provided with the air outlet, combustion-supporting air enters the shaft type air inlet pipeline from the air inlets at two ends of the shaft type air inlet pipeline, and in the process that the combustion-supporting air flows to the center of the pipeline from the air inlets, the combustion-supporting air continuously passes through the air outlet arranged on the shaft type air inlet pipeline body to supply air to the hearth. According to the invention, a plurality of shaft type air inlet pipelines are arranged to respectively and independently implement accurate and independent air control mechanisms for different incineration areas in the hearth. Thereby ensuring the materials in the hearth to be fully combusted. It should be noted that the air inlets of the plurality of shaft-type air inlet pipes all perform independent air inlet control mechanisms, and do not affect each other. Meanwhile, in order to further improve the incineration effect, the furnace lining of the incineration rotary kiln is made of materials with heat preservation effect, the thickness of the furnace lining is 3-50cm (preferably 5-30cm, and more preferably 8-15cm), the furnace chamber is completely covered by the furnace lining, and heat loss is reduced. The emission of excessive thermal radiation to the outside is also avoided.

In the invention, the cavity of the first axial air inlet pipeline (the axial air inlet pipeline penetrating through the whole hearth) is internally provided with the wind shielding blind plate, so that the cavity of the axial air inlet pipeline can be divided into a plurality of air outlet section cavities (the wind shielding blind plates can be arranged in a plurality, for example, when 3 wind shielding blind plates are arranged, the axial air inlet pipeline is divided into an air outlet section, an air outlet section and an air outlet section which do not blow air, and the wind shielding blind plates can also prevent the air from blowing in the air outlet section cavities. The air inlet of different air outlet section cavities of the axial air inlet pipeline is realized by arranging an air outlet of an independent axial air inlet pipeline at each air outlet section cavity. And then different incineration areas in the hearth are supplied with air through different air outlet section cavities of the shaft type air inlet pipeline.

Further, when the tube cavity of the first axial air inlet pipe is divided into a plurality of air outlet section chambers, the different air outlet section chambers can be independently supplied with air by the plurality of axial air inlet pipes (for distinguishing the first axial air inlet pipe, the second axial air inlet pipe and the third axial air inlet pipe are respectively arranged, and the numerical value of the M is equal to that of the air outlet section chambers). The amount of the air output can be adjusted by the opening and closing degree of the throttle valves of the shaft type air inlet pipelines corresponding to different air outlet section cavities. Thereby realize the reasonable distribution of intake in the furnace, and then realize the abundant burning of material. Generally, the plurality of shaft-type air inlet pipes may be sleeved in parallel in the first shaft-type air inlet pipe, that is, the plurality of shaft-type air inlet pipes are sleeved in the first shaft-type air inlet pipe at the same time, the plurality of shaft-type air inlet pipes are designed in parallel with each other, and the plurality of shaft-type air inlet pipes extend into the first shaft-type air inlet pipe at different lengths (extend into different air outlet section chambers, respectively). Or the plurality of shaft type air inlet pipelines are sequentially sleeved in the first shaft type air inlet pipeline, namely, the second shaft type air inlet pipeline is sleeved in the first shaft type air inlet pipeline, the third shaft type air inlet pipeline is sleeved in the second shaft type air inlet pipeline, and the like, and the shaft type air inlet pipelines have different lengths (respectively extend into different air outlet section cavities) extending into the shaft type air inlet pipelines. Or a plurality of shaft type air inlet pipelines are arranged in parallel in the hearth outside the first shaft type air inlet pipeline, and air outlets of different shaft type air inlet pipelines correspond to different combustion areas in the hearth. The number of the plurality of shaft type air inlet pipelines can be reasonably designed according to the actual working condition or the length of the shaft type air inlet pipeline.

In the invention, the shaft type air inlet pipeline is arranged in a sectional independent air inlet mode in the axial direction of the rotary kiln (from the kiln head to the kiln tail), so that the purpose of supplementing air to different combustion areas in the hearth of the rotary kiln is realized. Therefore, an independent air inlet mechanism is realized in any area of the hearth where the materials are located in the rotary kiln, and the material combustion efficiency is greatly improved.

In the invention, at one end close to the kiln head, the kiln head is provided with a kiln head air inlet channel (primary air inlet); therefore, the air inlet amount of the kiln head is mainly controlled by the air inlet channel of the kiln head, and an air outlet hole is not formed on a section of the kiln body on the shaft type air inlet pipeline close to the end of the kiln head. Meanwhile, combustion-supporting air passing through the shaft type air inlet pipeline without the air outlet can be preheated by the kiln head burning area, so that the combustion of materials in the hearth far away from the kiln head end is facilitated (the temperature loss at the position is reduced). Furthermore, radial threads or transverse threads with different heights are arranged in the shaft type air inlet pipeline, so that the enhanced disturbance and heat exchange effects of combustion-supporting air are realized.

In the present invention, it should be noted that the combination of the shaft-type air inlet duct and the wind shielding blind plate forms a plurality of air outlet control sections (i.e. the actual air inlet section of the furnace controlled by the air outlet section chamber of the different-axis-type air inlet duct in the direction from the kiln head to the kiln tail) along the direction from the kiln body to the kiln head, and in the actual operation, the number of the secondary air control sections (the primary air inlet is the air inlet of the air inlet duct at the kiln head, and the secondary air inlets are all the air inlets of the plurality of shaft-type air inlet ducts) can be further selected according to the size of the kiln body, the length of the shaft-type air inlet duct and the size of the secondary air volume, and theoretically, the larger the number of the secondary air control sections is, and the more accurate control of the temperature of the rotary kiln can be realized.

Further, in the present invention, the secondary air inlet is divided into 4 air outlet control sections (that is, two air inlets of the first axial air inlet pipeline are both provided with only one axial air inlet pipeline, that is, the second axial air inlet pipeline and the third axial air inlet pipeline, and the total number of the secondary air inlets is 4), and the air flow rates of the 4 air outlet control sections are Q respectively₁～Q₄The temperature of the corresponding incineration area in each section of the hearth is T₁～T₄The air flow of the inlet air of the kiln head air inlet channel is Q₀The air quantity of the air outlet of each air outlet control section accounts for the total air quantity and is a₀～a₄In the traditional rotary kiln organic hazardous waste incineration process, in order to ensure that hazardous waste is fully combusted and the ignition loss rate reaches the standard, the total air amount in a kiln is generally greatly higher than the theoretical air amount, the excess air coefficient is generally 2.0-2.5, and after a shaft type kiln body air inlet device is adopted, because the air amount distribution of each air outlet control section is more uniform, an excess air system is adoptedThe number can be reduced to 1.5-1.8. The air volume of each air inlet section is shown in the following table: (these are merely exemplary of one preferred embodiment and are not to be construed as limiting the invention)

Air inlet position	Letters	Ratio of occupation of
			Kiln head	a₀	0.3～0.4
Kiln body air-out control section 1	a₁	0.18～0.25
			Kiln body air-out control section 2	a₂	0.1～0.2
Kiln body air-out control section 3	a₃	0.1～0.15
			Kiln body air-out control section 4	a₄	0.1～0.15

In the invention, step 201) is carried out, and the incineration temperatures of incineration areas corresponding to different air outlet section chambers in an axial air inlet pipeline in the hearth are monitored to be Tx and DEG C in real time by arranging a plurality of temperature detection probes in the hearth. And x is the total number of the temperature detection probes. The average temperature of incineration in the hearth is recorded as Tp and DEG C. Then:

tp ═ (T1+ T2+ T3+ ·+ Tx)/x.

S_T＝[(T1-Tp)²+(T2-Tp)²+(T3-Tp)²+...(Tx-Tp)²]Formula IV.

In the formula IV, S_TIs the variance of the incineration temperature.

when Tp is less than (Ta-C), the material input amount in the hearth is increased through the material inlet channel or the calorific value of the material is increased on the premise of keeping the material input amount unchanged, so that Tp is (Ta +/-C).

When Tp is greater than (Ta + C), the material input amount in the hearth is reduced through the material inlet channel or the heat value of the material is reduced on the premise that the material input amount is not changed (the heat value of the material to be fired in the garbage incinerator is adjusted, the heat value of the material to be fired in the garbage incinerator is directly adjusted by adjusting a compatibility scheme because the material to be fired in the garbage incinerator is a mixed material formed by mixing materials together), so that Tp is Ta +/-C.

When Tp is (Ta ± C), step 203) is performed.

203) Setting the ideal temperature variance of the system as S_TaThen, then

When S is_T＞S_TaThen, the following calculation is performed in sequence:

T_yi.e. Tx-Tp i.

Further, in step 202), when Tp < (Ta-C), increasing the material input amount in the furnace chamber through the material inlet passage or increasing the heat value of the material under the premise of keeping the material input amount constant is performed in steps. When Tp is greater than (Ta + C), the material input amount in the hearth is reduced through the material inlet channel or the heat value of the material is reduced on the premise that the material input amount is not changed step by step.

Wherein the adjustment amount of the materials increased or decreased in each step is k%, based on the percentage of the total mass of the single material feeding. The value of k is 1-15, preferably 2-12, and more preferably 3-9. Preferred adjustment recommendations are as follows: the total material adjustment percentage is negative value to indicate that the material input amount is reduced, and is positive value to indicate that the material input amount is increased. (not to be considered as limiting the invention's concept herein)

Tp-Ta	The material adjustment percentage is k%
		>150℃	-15～-12％
100～150℃	-12～-9％
		60～100℃	-9～-6％
20～60℃	-6～-3％
		-60～-20℃	+3～+6％
-100～-60℃	+6～+9％
		-150～-100℃	+9～+12％
<-150℃	+12～+15％

Or the like, or, alternatively,

the adjustment amount for increasing or decreasing the calorific value of the material per step is s%, based on the percentage of the total calorific value of a single material charge. The value of s is 1-15, preferably 2-12, and more preferably 3-9. Preferred adjustment recommendations are as follows: a negative value for the total material adjustment percentage indicates a reduced heat value for the material and a positive value indicates an increased heat value for the material. (not to be considered as limiting the invention's concept herein)

Further, in step 203), when S_T＞S_TaIn the method, the air inlet quantity reduced or increased through the shaft type air inlet pipeline is performed step by step, and the air inlet adjustment quantity reduced or increased in each step is p percent based on the percentage of the total air inlet quantity. The value of p is1 to 10, preferably 2 to 8, more preferably 3 to 5. Preferred adjustment recommendations are as follows: the air intake adjusting percentage is a negative value to indicate that the air intake is reduced, and is a positive value to indicate that the air intake is increased. (not to be considered as limiting the invention's concept herein)

Ty-Ta	The gas quantity is adjusted by percentage p%
		>100℃	-10％
80～100℃	-8％
		50～80℃	-5％
20～50℃	-3％
		-50～-20℃	+3％
-80～-50℃	+5％
		-100～-80℃	+8％
<-100℃	+10％

After the adjustment is completed, the control routine is restarted until the temperature profile of each segment meets the desired temperature profile requirements as illustrated in FIG. 10.

In the invention, the organic hazardous waste materials need to be crushed and screened, wherein only the fine materials on the screen (with the particle size of less than or equal to 15mm, preferably less than or equal to 12mm, and more preferably less than or equal to 10mm) are conveyed to the pyrolysis rotary kiln for pyrolysis, and the coarse materials under the screen (with the particle size of greater than or equal to 15mm, preferably greater than or equal to 12mm, and more preferably greater than or equal to 10mm) and pyrolysis residues formed after pyrolysis of the fine materials on the screen are conveyed to the incineration rotary kiln for incineration treatment. The small particle material has large specific surface area and high pyrolysis efficiency, and is firstly put into a pyrolysis rotary kiln for pyrolysis. The pyrolysis rotary kiln is an external heating rotary kiln, and a pyrolysis heat source is provided by high-temperature flue gas. The material is pyrolyzed under the condition of isolating air, combustible gas can be separated out, and the residual pyrolysis residue is discharged from the pyrolysis rotary kiln. Because the pyrolysis rotary kiln can not ensure that the organic matters in the materials fully react, the pyrolysis residues still have more organic combustible substances, and therefore, the pyrolysis residues are continuously sent into the incineration rotary kiln to be incinerated in the next step. And the large-particle materials are lower in pyrolysis efficiency in the pyrolysis rotary kiln, so that the large-particle materials are directly mixed with pyrolysis residues and then are sent into the incineration rotary kiln to be incinerated together.

In the invention, the kiln length and the outer diameter of the incineration rotary kiln can be designed according to the actual working condition. For example, the rotary incineration kiln has a length of 3 to 30m, preferably 5 to 25m, and more preferably 8 to 20 m. The outer diameter of the incineration rotary kiln is 1-10m, preferably 2-8m, and more preferably 3-8 m. This is merely an example of a preferred design of the invention and should not be taken as a basis for limiting the scope of the invention. The pipe diameter of the shaft type air inlet pipeline is 0.1-4m, preferably 0.3-3m, and more preferably 0.5-2 m. The aperture of the air outlet is 0.5-10cm, preferably 1-8cm, and more preferably 1.5-5 cm.

Furthermore, the feeding amount of the incineration rotary kiln is 800-6000kg/h, preferably 1200-5000kg/h, and more preferably 1500-4000 kg/h. The rotary speed of the burning rotary kiln is 1-6r/min, preferably 1.5-5r/min, and more preferably 2-4 r/min.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the rotary kiln incineration system disclosed by the invention adopts a shaft type kiln body sectional air inlet mechanism, and supplies air for combustion of materials in different areas in a hearth through a shaft type air inlet pipeline, so that organic combination of secondary air inlet of the kiln body and primary air inlet of a kiln head is realized, and the material incineration efficiency and the incineration effect are greatly improved.

2. In the incineration rotary kiln, a shaft type kiln body multi-stage air inlet and multi-point temperature detection mode is adopted, so that the temperature distribution of the kiln body is more uniform, the temperature distribution is more flexibly adjusted, the combustion efficiency can be improved, and the generation of pollutants such as NOx, dioxin and the like is reduced.

3. After the system of the invention enables the temperature distribution of the rotary kiln for incineration to be more uniform, the required air quantity is reduced, the excess air coefficient of the rotary kiln for incineration is reduced, the smoke discharge loss is reduced, and the thermal efficiency is improved.

4. The rotary kiln incineration system is simple in structure and easy to operate, and after the temperature distribution is more uniform, the phenomenon that the rotary kiln is blocked is reduced in principle and the system failure rate is reduced, and the phenomenon that the temperature of the traditional rotary kiln is too high or too low is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a hazardous waste incineration system according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structure view of a hazardous waste incineration rotary kiln of the prior art.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view a-a of a hazardous waste incineration rotary kiln of the prior art.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the present invention with 4 axial air inlet ducts.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the present invention with 3 axial air inlet ducts.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the present invention with 3 sleeved shaft air inlet ducts.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line a-a of the present invention with 3 telescoping axial air inlet ducts.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view B-B of the present invention with 3 telescoping axial air inlet ducts.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a method for controlling the temperature in the furnace chamber of the system of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an idealized temperature profile for each section of the rotary kiln.

Reference numerals: 1: a kiln head; 2: a kiln body; 3: a kiln tail; 4: an axial air inlet pipeline; 101: a material inlet channel; 102: a kiln head air inlet channel; 201: a furnace lining; 202: a hearth; 203: a temperature detection probe; 301: a discharge outlet; 401: an air outlet; 402: an air volume adjusting valve; 403: a wind shielding blind plate.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is illustrated below, and the claimed scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the following examples.

According to the first embodiment of the invention, a shaft type kiln body air inlet hazardous waste incineration system is provided, and the system is a rotary kiln incineration system, and comprises a kiln head 1, a kiln body 2, a kiln tail 3 and a shaft type air inlet pipeline 4. The kiln head 1 is provided with a material inlet channel 101 and a kiln head air inlet channel 102. The kiln body 2 comprises a furnace lining 201 and a hearth 202. And a discharge outlet 301 is arranged on the kiln tail 3. The shaft type air inlet pipeline 4 penetrates through the kiln head 1 or the kiln tail 3 and then extends into the hearth 202. The air outlet of the shaft-type air inlet pipeline 4 is positioned in the hearth 202.

Preferably, the hearth 202 of the rotary kiln incineration system is divided into n sections of chambers along the axial direction. The shaft-type air inlet pipeline 4 is provided with an air outlet hole in the chamber of each section of the hearth 202, wherein: n is 2 to 10, preferably 3 to 8.

Preferably, the system is further provided with n axial air inlet pipes 4, and each axial air inlet pipe 4 corresponds to a chamber of the furnace 202. Namely, an independent axial air inlet pipe 4 is correspondingly arranged in the chamber of each hearth 202, and the air outlet of the axial air inlet pipe 4 is positioned in the chamber of the hearth 202.

Preferably, in the chamber of the furnace 202 corresponding to each axial air inlet pipe 4, the pipe wall of the part of the axial air inlet pipe 4 located in the chamber of the furnace 202 is provided with an air outlet 401.

Preferably, the air inlet of the shaft-type air inlet pipeline 4 is positioned at the outer side of the kiln head 1 or the kiln tail 3, and an air volume adjusting valve 402 is independently arranged on each shaft-type air inlet pipeline 4.

Preferably, the hearth 202 of the rotary kiln system is divided into 4 sections of chambers along the axial direction, namely a hearth I section, a hearth II section, a hearth III section and a hearth IV section. The system is provided with 4 shaft type air inlet pipelines 4 which are respectively a first shaft type air inlet pipeline, a second shaft type air inlet pipeline, a third shaft type air inlet pipeline and a fourth shaft type air inlet pipeline. Wherein: the air outlet hole of the first shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the I section of the hearth, the air outlet hole of the second shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the II section of the hearth, the air outlet hole of the third shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the III section of the hearth, and the air outlet hole of the fourth shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the IV section of the hearth.

Or, preferably, the hearth 202 of the rotary kiln system is divided into 4 sections of chambers along the axial direction, namely, a hearth I section, a hearth II section, a hearth III section and a hearth IV section. The system is provided with 3 shaft type air inlet pipelines 4 which are respectively a first shaft type air inlet pipeline, a second shaft type air inlet pipeline and a third shaft type air inlet pipeline. The first shaft type air inlet pipeline penetrates through the whole rotary kiln incineration system from the axial direction of the rotary kiln incineration system, a wind shielding blind plate 403 is arranged in the first shaft type air inlet pipeline, both ends of the first shaft type air inlet pipeline are air inlets, air outlet holes are formed in the pipe walls of the first shaft type air inlet pipeline, which are located on both sides of the wind shielding blind plate 403, and the air outlet holes in the first shaft type air inlet pipeline, which are located on both sides of the wind shielding blind plate 403, respectively correspond to any two sections of cavities in the hearth. The second shaft type air inlet pipeline extends into the hearth from the kiln head 1, the third shaft type air inlet pipeline extends into the hearth from the kiln tail 3, and air outlet holes in the second shaft type air inlet pipeline and the third shaft type air inlet pipeline respectively correspond to two sections of chambers in the rest hearth. For example: the air outlets on the first axial air inlet pipes on the two sides of the wind shielding blind plate 403 respectively correspond to a hearth I section and a hearth IV section in the hearth, the air outlet on the air inlet pipe on the left side of the wind shielding blind plate 403 is located in the hearth I section, and the air outlet on the air inlet pipe on the right side of the wind shielding blind plate 403 is located in the hearth IV section. The second shaft type air inlet pipeline extends into the hearth from the kiln head 1, and air outlet holes in the side wall of the second shaft type air inlet pipeline are positioned in the II section of the hearth. The third shaft type air inlet pipeline extends into the hearth from the kiln tail 3, and an air outlet hole in the side wall of the third shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the III section of the hearth.

Or, preferably, the hearth 202 of the rotary kiln system is divided into 4 sections of chambers along the axial direction, namely, a hearth I section, a hearth II section, a hearth III section and a hearth IV section. The system is provided with 3 shaft type air inlet pipelines 4 which are respectively a first shaft type air inlet pipeline, a second shaft type air inlet pipeline and a third shaft type air inlet pipeline. The first shaft type air inlet pipeline penetrates through the whole rotary kiln incineration system from the axial direction of the rotary kiln incineration system, and both ends of the first shaft type air inlet pipeline are air inlets. The first axial air inlet pipeline is internally provided with 3 wind shielding blind plates 403 and is divided into 4 independent air outlet sections, namely an air outlet section, an air outlet section and an air outlet section, wherein the 4 air outlet sections respectively correspond to 4 cavities of the hearth 202. The pipe wall of the first shaft type air inlet pipeline corresponding to any section of air outlet section is provided with an air outlet. And a second shaft type air inlet pipeline is sleeved and extended into the first shaft type air inlet pipeline from the kiln head 1, and an air outlet of the second shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the air outlet second section. And a third shaft type air inlet pipeline is sleeved and extended into the first shaft type air inlet pipeline from the kiln tail 3, and an air outlet of the third shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the air outlet three section. An air inlet of the first axial type air inlet pipeline, which is positioned at the end of the kiln head 1, independently supplies air to the I section of the hearth through an air outlet section. An air inlet of the first axial air inlet pipeline, which is positioned at the end 3 of the kiln tail, independently supplies air to the section IV of the hearth through four air outlet sections. And a second shaft type air inlet pipeline independently supplies air to the II section of the hearth through the air outlet two sections. And the third shaft type air inlet pipeline independently supplies air to the III section of the hearth through the air outlet three sections.

Preferably, an air volume adjusting valve 402 is arranged at one end of each shaft-type air inlet pipeline, which is close to the air inlet.

Preferably, the inner wall of the axial air inlet duct 4 is provided with radial threads and/or axial threads of different heights.

Preferably, the system further comprises a temperature detection probe 203. The temperature detection probe 203 is arranged in the hearth 202.

Preferably, the system comprises a plurality of said temperature sensing probes 203. The temperature detection probes 203 are uniformly distributed in the furnace 202.

Preferably, the number of the plurality of temperature detecting probes 203 is 1 to 50, preferably 2 to 40, and more preferably 3 to 30.

1) according to the trend of the materials, the materials are put into the hearth 202 through the material inlet channel 101 for pyrolysis incineration treatment. Meanwhile, combustion air enters the hearth 202 through the kiln head air inlet channel 102 to provide oxygen for the pyrolysis incineration of the materials. The material residue and the flue gas after pyrolysis incineration are discharged through the discharge opening 301.

2) When the materials are pyrolyzed and incinerated in the hearth 202, the change condition of the temperature in the hearth 202 is detected in real time, and combustion-supporting gas is supplemented into the hearth 202 through the shaft type air inlet pipeline 4 to realize the sufficient combustion of the materials.

Preferably, the method further comprises step 3): in the process of burning materials by rotating the rotary kiln, the shaft type air inlet pipeline 4 supplies air to different burning areas in the hearth 202 by detecting the change conditions of the temperatures of the different burning areas in the hearth 202 in real time.

Preferably, step 2) is specifically:

201) the incineration temperature of different incineration areas in the hearth 202 is monitored to be Tx and DEG C in real time through a plurality of temperature detection probes 203. x is the total number of temperature detection probes 203. The average temperature of the incineration in the furnace 202 is denoted as Tp, DEG C; then:

tp ═ (T1+ T2+ T3+ ·+ Tx)/x.

S_T＝[(T1-Tp)²+(T2-Tp)²+(T3-Tp)²+...(Tx-Tp)²]Formula IV.

In the formula IV, S_TIs the variance of the incineration temperature.

202) The ideal incineration temperature in the hearth 202 is set to be Ta and DEG C, and the ideal temperature fluctuation value is set to be C. Then:

preferably, when Tp < (Ta-C), the material input into the furnace 202 is increased through the material inlet channel 101 or the heating value of the material is increased under the premise that the material input is not changed, so that Tp ═ Ta ± C.

Preferably, when Tp > (Ta + C), the charge amount of the material in the furnace 202 is reduced through the material inlet passage 101 or the calorific value of the material is reduced with the charge amount of the material unchanged, so that Tp ═ Ta ± C.

Preferably, step 203) is performed when Tp is (Ta ± C):

203) setting the ideal temperature variance of the system as S_TaAnd then:

When S is_T＞S_TaThen, the following calculation is performed in sequence:

T_yi.e. Tx-Tp i.

203a) when Tx is larger than Tp, reducing the air inlet quantity of the corresponding axial air inlet pipeline 4 until Tx at the temperature point is equal to (Ta +/-C);

203b) when Tx is less than Tp, the air inlet quantity of the corresponding axial air inlet pipeline 4 is increased until Tx of the temperature point is equal to (Ta +/-C).

Preferably, in step 202), when Tp < (Ta-C), increasing the material input into the furnace 202 through the material inlet channel 101 or increasing the heating value of the material with the material input unchanged is performed in steps. When Tp > (Ta + C), the material input amount in the hearth 202 is reduced through the material inlet channel 101 or the calorific value of the material is reduced step by step on the premise that the material input amount is not changed.

Preferably, in step 203), when S_T＞S_TaIn the process, the air inlet quantity reduced or increased through the shaft type air inlet pipeline 4 is performed step by step, and the air inlet adjustment quantity reduced or increased in each step is p percent based on the percentage of the total air inlet quantity. The value of p is 1-10, preferably 2-8, and more preferably 3-5.

Example 1

As shown in figure 1, the shaft type kiln body air inlet hazardous waste incineration system is a rotary kiln incineration system and comprises a kiln head 1, a kiln body 2, a kiln tail 3 and a shaft type air inlet pipeline 4. The kiln head 1 is provided with a material inlet channel 101 and a kiln head air inlet channel 102. The kiln body 2 comprises a furnace lining 201 and a hearth 202. And a discharge outlet 301 is arranged on the kiln tail 3. The shaft type air inlet pipeline 4 penetrates through the kiln head 1 or the kiln tail 3 and then extends into the hearth 202. The air outlet of the shaft-type air inlet pipeline 4 is positioned in the hearth 202.

Example 2

Example 1 was repeated except that the furnace 202 of the rotary kiln incineration system was divided into n sections of chambers in the axial direction. The shaft-type air inlet pipeline 4 is provided with an air outlet hole in the chamber of each section of the hearth 202, wherein: n is 4.

Example 3

Example 2 is repeated, except that the system is further provided with 4 axial air inlet pipes 4, and each axial air inlet pipe 4 corresponds to one section of the chamber of the hearth 202. Namely, an independent axial air inlet pipe 4 is correspondingly arranged in the chamber of each hearth 202, and the air outlet of the axial air inlet pipe 4 is positioned in the chamber of the hearth 202.

Example 4

Example 3 is repeated, except that in the chamber of the furnace 202 corresponding to each of the axial air inlet pipes 4, the pipe wall of the part of the axial air inlet pipe 4 located in the chamber of the furnace 202 is provided with an air outlet 401.

Example 5

Embodiment 4 is repeated, except that the air inlet of the shaft-type air inlet pipeline 4 is positioned at the outer side of the kiln head 1 or the kiln tail 3, and each shaft-type air inlet pipeline 4 is independently provided with an air volume adjusting valve 402.

Example 6

Example 1 is repeated except that the hearth 202 of the rotary kiln system is divided into 4 sections of chambers along the axial direction, namely, a hearth I section, a hearth II section, a hearth III section and a hearth IV section. The system is provided with 4 shaft type air inlet pipelines 4 which are respectively a first shaft type air inlet pipeline, a second shaft type air inlet pipeline, a third shaft type air inlet pipeline and a fourth shaft type air inlet pipeline. Wherein: the air outlet hole of the first shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the I section of the hearth, the air outlet hole of the second shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the II section of the hearth, the air outlet hole of the third shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the III section of the hearth, and the air outlet hole of the fourth shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the IV section of the hearth.

Example 7

Example 1 is repeated except that the hearth 202 of the rotary kiln system is divided into 4 sections of chambers along the axial direction, namely, a hearth I section, a hearth II section, a hearth III section and a hearth IV section. The system is provided with 3 shaft type air inlet pipelines 4 which are respectively a first shaft type air inlet pipeline, a second shaft type air inlet pipeline and a third shaft type air inlet pipeline. The first shaft type air inlet pipeline penetrates through the whole rotary kiln incineration system from the axial direction of the rotary kiln incineration system, a wind shielding blind plate 403 is arranged in the first shaft type air inlet pipeline, both ends of the first shaft type air inlet pipeline are air inlets, air outlet holes are formed in the pipe walls, located on the two sides of the wind shielding blind plate 403, of the first shaft type air inlet pipeline, the air outlet holes in the first shaft type air inlet pipeline, located on the two sides of the wind shielding blind plate 403, correspond to a hearth I section and a hearth IV section in a hearth respectively, the air outlet holes in the air inlet pipeline, located on the left side of the wind shielding blind plate 403, are located in the hearth I section, and the air outlet holes in the air inlet pipeline, located on the right side of the wind shielding blind plate 403, are located in the hearth IV section. The second shaft type air inlet pipeline extends into the hearth from the kiln head 1, and air outlet holes in the side wall of the second shaft type air inlet pipeline are positioned in the II section of the hearth. The third shaft type air inlet pipeline extends into the hearth from the kiln tail 3, and an air outlet hole in the side wall of the third shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the III section of the hearth.

Example 8

Example 1 is repeated except that the hearth 202 of the rotary kiln system is divided into 4 sections of chambers along the axial direction, namely, a hearth I section, a hearth II section, a hearth III section and a hearth IV section. The system is provided with 3 shaft type air inlet pipelines 4 which are respectively a first shaft type air inlet pipeline, a second shaft type air inlet pipeline and a third shaft type air inlet pipeline. The first shaft type air inlet pipeline penetrates through the whole rotary kiln incineration system from the axial direction of the rotary kiln incineration system, and both ends of the first shaft type air inlet pipeline are air inlets. The first axial air inlet pipeline is internally provided with 3 wind shielding blind plates 403 and is divided into 4 independent air outlet sections, namely an air outlet section, an air outlet section and an air outlet section, wherein the 4 air outlet sections respectively correspond to 4 cavities of the hearth 202. The pipe wall of the first shaft type air inlet pipeline corresponding to any section of air outlet section is provided with an air outlet. And a second shaft type air inlet pipeline is sleeved and extended into the first shaft type air inlet pipeline from the kiln head 1, and an air outlet of the second shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the air outlet second section. And a third shaft type air inlet pipeline is sleeved and extended into the first shaft type air inlet pipeline from the kiln tail 3, and an air outlet of the third shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the air outlet three section. An air inlet of the first axial type air inlet pipeline, which is positioned at the end of the kiln head 1, independently supplies air to the I section of the hearth through an air outlet section. An air inlet of the first axial air inlet pipeline, which is positioned at the end 3 of the kiln tail, independently supplies air to the section IV of the hearth through four air outlet sections. And a second shaft type air inlet pipeline independently supplies air to the II section of the hearth through the air outlet two sections. And the third shaft type air inlet pipeline independently supplies air to the III section of the hearth through the air outlet three sections.

Example 9

Example 8 is repeated, except that an air volume adjusting valve 402 is arranged at one end of each shaft-type air inlet pipeline, which is close to the air inlet.

Example 10

Example 9 is repeated except that the inner wall of the axial air inlet duct 4 is provided with radial and/or axial threads of different heights.

Example 11

Example 10 is repeated except that the system further comprises a temperature sensing probe 203. The temperature detection probe 203 is arranged in the hearth 202.

Example 12

Example 11 is repeated except that the system includes a plurality of the temperature detecting probes 203. The temperature detection probes 203 are uniformly distributed in the furnace 202. The number of the plurality of temperature detection probes 203 is 8.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a hazardous waste system that axle type kiln body air inlet which characterized in that: the system is a rotary kiln incineration system and comprises a kiln head (1), a kiln body (2), a kiln tail (3) and a shaft type air inlet pipeline (4); the kiln head (1) is provided with a material inlet channel (101) and a kiln head air inlet channel (102); the kiln body (2) comprises a furnace lining (201) and a hearth (202); a discharge port (301) is arranged on the kiln tail (3); the shaft type air inlet pipeline (4) penetrates through the kiln head (1) or the kiln tail (3) and then extends into the hearth (202); and an air outlet of the shaft type air inlet pipeline (4) is positioned in the hearth (202).

2. The system of claim 1, wherein: the hearth (202) of the rotary kiln incineration system is divided into n sections of chambers along the axial direction; the shaft type air inlet pipeline (4) is provided with an air outlet hole in the cavity of each hearth (202), wherein: n is 2 to 10, preferably 3 to 8;

preferably, the system is also provided with n axial air inlet pipelines (4), and each axial air inlet pipeline (4) corresponds to a chamber of a section of hearth (202); namely, an independent axial air inlet pipeline (4) is correspondingly arranged in the chamber of each section of the hearth (202), and the air outlet of the axial air inlet pipeline (4) is positioned in the chamber of the section of the hearth (202).

3. The system of claim 2, wherein: in the chamber of the hearth (202) corresponding to each shaft-type air inlet pipeline (4), an air outlet hole (401) is arranged on the pipe wall of the part of the shaft-type air inlet pipeline (4) positioned in the chamber of the hearth (202); and/or

The air inlet of the shaft type air inlet pipeline (4) is positioned at the outer side of the kiln head (1) or the kiln tail (3), and each shaft type air inlet pipeline (4) is independently provided with an air volume adjusting valve (402).

4. The system of claim 1, wherein: a hearth (202) of the rotary kiln system is divided into 4 sections of chambers along the axis direction, namely a hearth I section, a hearth II section, a hearth III section and a hearth IV section; the system is provided with 4 shaft type air inlet pipelines (4), namely a first shaft type air inlet pipeline, a second shaft type air inlet pipeline, a third shaft type air inlet pipeline and a fourth shaft type air inlet pipeline; wherein: the air outlet hole of the first axial air inlet pipeline is positioned in the section I of the hearth, the air outlet hole of the second axial air inlet pipeline is positioned in the section II of the hearth, the air outlet hole of the third axial air inlet pipeline is positioned in the section III of the hearth, and the air outlet hole of the fourth axial air inlet pipeline is positioned in the section IV of the hearth;

or the hearth (202) of the rotary kiln system is divided into 4 sections of chambers along the axis direction, namely a hearth I section, a hearth II section, a hearth III section and a hearth IV section; the system is provided with 3 shaft type air inlet pipelines (4), namely a first shaft type air inlet pipeline, a second shaft type air inlet pipeline and a third shaft type air inlet pipeline; the first shaft type air inlet pipeline penetrates through the whole rotary kiln incineration system from the axial direction of the rotary kiln incineration system, a wind shielding blind plate (403) is arranged in the first shaft type air inlet pipeline, both ends of the first shaft type air inlet pipeline are air inlets, air outlet holes are formed in the pipe walls of the first shaft type air inlet pipeline positioned on both sides of the wind shielding blind plate (403), and the air outlet holes in the first shaft type air inlet pipeline positioned on both sides of the wind shielding blind plate (403) respectively correspond to any two sections of cavities in the hearth; a second shaft type air inlet pipeline extends into the hearth from the kiln head (1), a third shaft type air inlet pipeline extends into the hearth from the kiln tail (3), and air outlet holes in the second shaft type air inlet pipeline and the third shaft type air inlet pipeline respectively correspond to two sections of chambers in the rest hearth; for example: the air outlet holes on the first axial type air inlet pipes positioned at two sides of the wind shielding blind plate (403) respectively correspond to a hearth I section and a hearth IV section in the hearth, the air outlet hole on the air inlet pipe positioned at the left side of the wind shielding blind plate (403) is positioned in the hearth I section, and the air outlet hole on the air inlet pipe positioned at the right side of the wind shielding blind plate (403) is positioned in the hearth IV section; a second shaft type air inlet pipeline extends into the hearth from the kiln head (1), and an air outlet hole in the side wall of the second shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in a II section of the hearth; the third shaft type air inlet pipeline extends into the hearth from the kiln tail (3), and an air outlet hole in the side wall of the third shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the III section of the hearth;

or the hearth (202) of the rotary kiln system is divided into 4 sections of chambers along the axis direction, namely a hearth I section, a hearth II section, a hearth III section and a hearth IV section; the system is provided with 3 shaft type air inlet pipelines (4), namely a first shaft type air inlet pipeline, a second shaft type air inlet pipeline and a third shaft type air inlet pipeline; the first shaft type air inlet pipeline penetrates through the whole rotary kiln incineration system from the axial direction of the rotary kiln incineration system, and both ends of the first shaft type air inlet pipeline are air inlets; the first axial air inlet pipeline is internally provided with 3 wind shielding blind plates (403) and is divided into 4 independent air outlet sections, namely an air outlet section, an air outlet section and an air outlet section, wherein the 4 air outlet sections respectively correspond to 4 cavities of the hearth (202); the pipe wall of the first axial air inlet pipeline corresponding to any section of the air outlet section is provided with an air outlet; a second shaft type air inlet pipeline is sleeved and extended into the first shaft type air inlet pipeline from the kiln head (1), and an air outlet of the second shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the air outlet second section; a third shaft type air inlet pipeline is sleeved and extended into the first shaft type air inlet pipeline from the kiln tail (3), and an air outlet of the third shaft type air inlet pipeline is positioned in the air outlet three section; an air inlet of the first axial type air inlet pipeline, which is positioned at the end of the kiln head (1), independently supplies air to the I section of the hearth through an air outlet section; an air inlet of the first axial air inlet pipeline, which is positioned at the end of the kiln tail (3), independently supplies air to the furnace chamber IV section through four air outlet sections; the second shaft type air inlet pipeline independently supplies air to the II section of the hearth through the air outlet second section; and the third shaft type air inlet pipeline independently supplies air to the III section of the hearth through the air outlet three sections.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein: and one end of each shaft type air inlet pipeline, which is close to the air inlet, is provided with an air volume regulating valve (402).

6. The system according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the inner wall of the shaft type air inlet pipeline (4) is provided with radial threads and/or axial threads with different heights; and/or

The system also comprises a temperature detection probe (203); the temperature detection probe (203) is arranged in the hearth (202);

preferably, the system comprises a plurality of said temperature detection probes (203); the temperature detection probes (203) are uniformly distributed in the hearth (202);

preferably, the number of the plurality of temperature detection probes (203) is 1 to 50, preferably 2 to 40, and more preferably 3 to 30.

7. A method for burning hazardous waste by shaft kiln body air intake or a method for burning hazardous waste by using the system of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

1) according to the trend of the materials, the materials are put into a hearth (202) through a material inlet channel (101) for pyrolysis incineration treatment; simultaneously, combustion air enters a hearth (202) through a kiln head air inlet channel (102) to provide oxygen for pyrolysis and incineration of materials; the material residue and the smoke after pyrolysis and incineration are discharged through a discharge hole (301);

2) when materials are pyrolyzed and incinerated in the hearth (202), the change condition of the temperature in the hearth (202) is detected in real time, and combustion-supporting gas is supplemented into the hearth (202) through the shaft type air inlet pipeline (4) to realize the sufficient combustion of the materials;

preferably, the method further comprises step 3): in the process of burning materials in a rotary kiln in a rotating manner, the shaft type air inlet pipeline (4) supplies air to different burning areas in the hearth (202) by detecting the temperature change conditions of the different burning areas in the hearth (202) in real time.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein: the step 2) is specifically as follows:

201) monitoring the incineration temperature of different incineration areas in the hearth (202) to be Tx and DEG C in real time through a plurality of temperature detection probes (203); x is the total number of the temperature detection probes (203); the average temperature of burning in the hearth (202) is recorded as Tp and DEG C; then:

tp ═ (T1+ T2+ T3+. + Tx)/x.. formula III;

S_T＝[(T1-Tp)²+(T2-Tp)²+(T3-Tp)²+...(Tx-Tp)²]formula IV;

in the formula IV, S_TIs the variance of the incineration temperature;

202) setting an ideal incineration temperature in a hearth (202) as Ta and DEG C and an ideal temperature fluctuation value as C; then:

when Tp is less than (Ta-C), the material input amount in the hearth (202) is increased through the material inlet channel (101) or the calorific value of the material is increased on the premise that the material input amount is not changed, so that Tp is (Ta +/-C);

when Tp is greater than (Ta + C), the material input amount in the hearth (202) is reduced through the material inlet channel (101) or the calorific value of the material is reduced on the premise that the material input amount is not changed, so that Tp is (Ta +/-C).

9. The method of claim 8, wherein: when Tp is (Ta ± C), step 203) is performed:

203) setting the ideal temperature variance of the system as S_TaAnd then:

when S is_T≤S_TaMeanwhile, the system maintains the current state to continue running without any adjustment;

when S is_T＞S_TaThen, the following calculation is performed in sequence:

T_yi.e. Tx-Tp i.e. formula V;

in the formula V, T_yThe absolute value of the difference between the temperature of each temperature detection point and the average temperature is taken as the absolute value;

203a) when Tx is larger than Tp, reducing the air inlet quantity of the corresponding axial air inlet pipeline (4) until Tx at the temperature point is equal to (Ta +/-C);

203b) when Tx is less than Tp, increasing the air inlet quantity of the corresponding axial air inlet pipeline (4) until Tx at the temperature point is equal to (Ta +/-C);

10. The method of claim 9, wherein: in the step 202), when Tp is less than (Ta-C), increasing the material input amount in the hearth (202) through the material inlet channel (101) or increasing the heat value of the material on the premise of keeping the material input amount unchanged in steps; when Tp > (Ta + C), reducing the material input amount in the hearth (202) through the material inlet channel (101) or reducing the heat value of the material on the premise of keeping the material input amount unchanged in steps;

wherein the adjustment amount of the materials increased or decreased in each step is k%, based on the percentage of the total mass of the single material feeding; the value of k is 1-15, preferably 2-12, and more preferably 3-9; or

The adjustment amount of increasing or decreasing the heat value of the material in each step is s percent based on the percentage of the total heat value of single material feeding; the value of s is 1-15, preferably 2-12, and more preferably 3-9; and/or

In step 203), when S_T＞S_TaWhen the air is supplied, the air supply quantity reduced or increased through the shaft type air supply pipeline (4) is carried out step by step, and the air supply adjustment quantity reduced or increased in each step is p percent and is based on the percentage of the total air supply quantity; the value of p is 1-10, preferably 2-8, and more preferably 3-5.