CN114634748A - 一种阻燃聚苯胺复合水性防腐涂料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种阻燃聚苯胺复合水性防腐涂料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种阻燃聚苯胺复合水性防腐涂料的制备方法。将具有阻燃性的原料DOPO通过迈克尔加成,和苯乙烯磺酸钠反应制备出磺酸改性阻燃单体;以上述制备的磺酸改性DOPO为催化剂通过化学氧化法制备阻燃性聚苯胺复合材料,以水性树脂为基体树脂,以所制备的聚苯胺复合阻燃防腐材料为功能添加剂,制备出具有阻燃和防腐特性的功能涂料,可用于金属材料表面涂装,涂膜同时具有阻燃及防腐性能,在对具有防火要求的防腐涂装具有明显优势。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及水性防腐涂料及其制备技术,特别涉及一种具有阻燃功能的聚苯胺阻燃防腐功能涂料的制备方法。
背景技术:
金属材料在工程建设、民用建筑等各方面都有大量使用,但在金属材料特别是铁基金属材料在使用过程中,易受到环境腐蚀造成表面缺陷或结构破坏,由于金属的腐蚀可能导致巨大的经济损失和灾难事故,威胁人类的安全,因此金属的防腐非常重要。腐蚀防护的方法有很多种,如电化学保护,缓蚀剂保护,有机涂层保护等。但有机涂层的使用方便,施工成本较低,在各种场所下都可以使用,对施工设备没有特殊要求,是当今保护金属在腐蚀环境中腐蚀最有效的方法之一,使用最为广泛。
有机涂层在金属制品表面形成的涂层可以起到对环境中水和空气的隔绝作用,阻止金属表面与腐蚀介质的接触从而达到防护作用,但单纯的阻隔涂层不能满足长期的防护要求。为了提高防腐涂层的性能,需要在涂料配方中加入一些功能性助剂,如在涂料中加入金属锌粉,通过锌的电化学活性高于铁,以锌粉为牺牲阳极材料对铁质基材提供阴极保护,但锌离子为重金属离子,进入环境土壤、河流和海洋中会对环境生物产生毒害作用;防腐涂料中还可以加入含有缓蚀剂或腐蚀抑制剂功能的添加剂,如含铬和铅之类的传统防锈颜料,通过铬和铅的高价态离子对金属表面的钝化达到阻止腐蚀介质对金属基础的腐蚀,但铅和铬等重金属具有易致癌性,对环境土壤和水体系具有严重污染,因此该类添加剂受到限制使用。
聚苯胺是新一代环保防腐材料,是由醌二亚胺和苯二胺两种结构单元组成的共轭高分子,是一种具有氧化还原性的导电聚合物,当其和金属表面接触时,可以在金属表面形成稳定的钝化层起到防腐蚀的作用,而且由于聚苯胺具有的氧化还原可逆性,可以对金属表面起到长期的防护作用;聚苯胺还具有合成简单、环境稳定性好、不产生重金属污染等特点。聚苯胺在实际应用中常对其进行掺杂处理提高聚苯胺的防腐性能,但无其他功效如阻燃功能。
大多数高分子材料属于易燃或可燃材料,在燃烧过程中会释放大量热量,使火焰传播蔓延,并产生大量浓烟和有毒气体,由此带来的火灾隐患已成为全球关注的社会问题,从而高分子材料的阻燃化处理受到人们的高度重视。目前,在众多的无卤阻燃剂中,磷系阻燃剂已成为阻燃领域的研究热点。9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物(DOPO)及其合成的衍生物被应用于高分子材料中作为阻燃剂,具有显著的阻燃效果。但DOPO在水中不溶解,在水性涂料中不易分散均匀。
发明内容
本发明将具有阻燃性的原料DOPO通过迈克尔加成,和苯乙烯磺酸钠制备出阴离子性阻燃单体;以上述制备的磺酸改性DOPO为催化剂通过化学氧化法制备阻燃性聚苯胺复合材料,以水性树脂为基体树脂,制备出具有阻燃和防腐特性的功能涂料,可用于金属材料表面涂装,涂膜同时具有阻燃及防腐性能。
本发明制备的阻燃聚苯胺复合水性防腐涂料,采用以下几个步骤进行制备:
(1)在反应器中按1.18份DOPO和1份苯乙烯磺酸钠的比例加入两种原料,向反应器中加入溶剂,搅拌均匀,升温后继续搅拌反应,降温到50℃抽真空脱出加入的溶剂,得到磺酸改性DOPO。
(2)将2份苯胺和溶于100份水中,加入上述(1)中制备的磺酸改性DOPO,加入过硫酸铵,得到阻燃改性聚苯胺复合材料。
(3)将阻燃改性的聚苯胺复合材料加入到水性树脂中,分散均匀后得到聚苯胺阻燃防腐水性涂料。
其中上述制备步骤(1)中反应温度为50-80℃,反应时间为8-24小时;加入的溶剂为苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、乙二醇甲醚、乙二醇丁醚、丙二醇甲醚、丙二醇丁醚中的一种或几种混合物,溶剂的加入量为1-5份。
其中上述制备步骤(2)中磺酸改性DOPO的加入量为0.5-2份,所用的引发剂为过硫酸胺,氯化铁,双氧水,重铬酸钾和二氧化锰中的一种或多种混合物,用量为0.5-2份。反应温度可选择在0-20℃范围内,反应时间为8-24小时。
其中上述制备步骤(3)中所述的水性树脂包括水性聚氨酯,水性环氧树脂,水性丙烯酸酯及水性醇酸树脂中的一种或多种任意比例的混合物。阻燃改性聚苯胺防腐材料与水性树脂的加量比例为0.5:100-30:100。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
本发明将具有阻燃性的原料DOPO通过迈克尔加成,和苯乙烯磺酸钠制备出阴离子性阻燃单体;以上述制备的磺酸改性DOPO为催化剂通过化学氧化法制备阻燃性聚苯胺复合材料,以水性树脂为基体树脂,以所制备的聚苯胺复合阻燃防腐材料为功能添加剂,利用DOPO的阻燃性和聚苯胺的电化学防腐性能,制备出具有阻燃和防腐特性的功能涂料,而且可以该阻燃聚苯胺复合材料和有机聚合物相容性好,可在聚合物成膜物中保持长期稳定起到长效作用,用于金属材料表面涂装,涂膜同时具有阻燃及防腐性能,在对具有防火要求的防腐涂装具有明显优势。
具体实施方式
本发明制备的阻燃聚苯胺复合水性防腐涂料,采用以下几个步骤进行制备:
(1)在反应器中按1.18份DOPO和1份苯乙烯磺酸钠的比例加入两种原料,向反应器中加入溶剂,搅拌均匀,升温后继续搅拌反应,降温到50℃抽真空脱出加入的溶剂,得到磺酸改性DOPO。
(2)将2份苯胺和溶于100份水中,加入上述(1)中制备的磺酸改性DOPO,加入过硫酸铵,得到阻燃改性聚苯胺复合材料。
(3)将阻燃改性的聚苯胺复合材料加入到水性树脂中,分散均匀后得到聚苯胺阻燃防腐水性涂料。
其中上述制备步骤(1)中反应温度为50-80℃,反应时间为8-24小时;加入的溶剂为苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、乙二醇甲醚、乙二醇丁醚、丙二醇甲醚、丙二醇丁醚中的一种或几种混合物,溶剂的加入量为1-5份。
其中上述制备步骤(2)中磺酸改性DOPO的加入量为0.5-2份,所用的引发剂为过硫酸胺,氯化铁,双氧水,重铬酸钾和二氧化锰中的一种或多种混合物,用量为0.5-2份。反应温度可选择在0-20℃范围内,反应时间为8-24小时。
其中上述制备步骤(3)中所述的水性树脂包括水性聚氨酯,水性环氧树脂,水性丙烯酸酯及水性醇酸树脂中的一种或多种任意比例的混合物。阻燃改性聚苯胺防腐材料与水性树脂的加量比例为0.5:100-30:100。
实施例1:
(1)在反应器中加入1.18份DOPO和1份苯乙烯磺酸钠,向反应器中加入5份丙二醇甲醚,搅拌均匀,升温到80℃继续搅拌反应8小时,降温到50℃抽真空脱出加入的丙二醇甲醚,得到磺酸改性DOPO。
(2)将2份苯胺和溶于100份水中,加入1份上述(1)中制备的磺酸改性DOPO,加入过2份硫酸铵,在0℃反应24小时,得到阻燃改性聚苯胺防腐材料。
(3)将4份上述制备的阻燃改性的聚苯胺复合材料加入到100份固含量为50%的水性环氧树脂中,分散均匀后得到聚苯胺阻燃防腐水性环氧涂料。
实施例2:
(1)在反应器中加入1.18份DOPO和1份苯乙烯磺酸钠,向反应器中加入乙二醇甲醚,搅拌均匀,升温到50℃继续搅拌反应24小时,在50℃抽真空脱出加入的乙二醇甲醚,得到磺酸改性DOPO。
(2)将2份苯胺和溶于100份水中,加入0.5份上述(1)中制备的磺酸改性DOPO,加入0.5份重铬酸钾,在10℃反应16小时,得到阻燃改性聚苯胺防腐材料。
(3)将30份上述制备的阻燃改性的聚苯胺复合材料加入到100份固含量为50%的丙烯酸乳液中,分散均匀后得到聚苯胺阻燃防腐水性丙烯酸涂料。
实施例3:
(1)在反应器中加入1.18份DOPO和1份苯乙烯磺酸钠,向反应器中加入异丁醇,搅拌均匀,升温到75℃继续搅拌反应16小时,降温到50℃抽真空脱出加入的异丁醇,得到磺酸改性DOPO。
(2)将2份苯胺和溶于100份水中,加入5份上述(1)中制备的磺酸改性DOPO,加入1份过硫酸铵,在20℃反应8小时,得到阻燃改性聚苯胺防腐材料。
(3)将0.5份上述制备的阻燃改性的聚苯胺复合材料加入到100份固含量为50%水性聚氨酯树脂中,分散均匀后得到聚苯胺阻燃防腐水性聚氨酯涂料。
本发明公开了一种阻燃聚苯胺复合水性防腐涂料的制备方法。将具有阻燃性的原料DOPO通过迈克尔加成,和苯乙烯磺酸钠制备出阴离子性阻燃单体;以上述制备的磺酸改性DOPO为催化剂通过化学氧化法制备阻燃性聚苯胺复合材料,以水性树脂为基体树脂,以所制备的聚苯胺复合阻燃防腐材料为功能添加剂,制备出具有阻燃和防腐特性的功能涂料,可用于金属材料表面涂装,涂膜同时具有阻燃及防腐性能
所制阻燃性聚苯胺复合材料可与水性聚氨酯、水性聚丙烯酸酯、水性环氧树脂和水性醇酸树脂等进行复合,构建高性能的阻燃防腐涂料。本发明制备的阻燃性聚苯胺复合材料在聚合物基体树脂中具有良好的相容性容易分散均匀,且与聚合物树脂具有优异的相容性,可制得形态均匀、性能优良的阻燃水防腐涂层。此外,本发明的阻燃性聚苯胺复合材料和阻燃防腐涂料具有制备工艺简单,耐久性好等优点,具有广泛的市场应用前景。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明,不能认定本发明的具体实施方式仅限于此,对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不隔离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干简单的推演或替换,都应当视为属于本发明所提交的权利要求书确定专利保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种阻燃聚苯胺复合水性防腐涂料的制备方法,其特征在于制备过程中采用以下步骤:
(1)在反应器中按1.18份DOPO和1份苯乙烯磺酸钠的比例加入两种原料,向反应器中加入溶剂,搅拌均匀,升温后继续搅拌反应,降温到50℃抽真空脱出加入的溶剂,得到磺酸改性DOPO。
(2)将2份苯胺和溶于100份水中,加入上述(1)中制备的磺酸改性DOPO,加入过硫酸铵,得到阻燃改性聚苯胺复合材料。
(3)将阻燃改性的聚苯胺复合材料加入到水性树脂中,分散均匀后得到聚苯胺阻燃防腐水性涂料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃聚苯胺复合水性防腐涂料的制备方法,其特征在于(1)中反应温度为50-80℃,反应时间为8-24小时;加入的溶剂为苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、乙二醇甲醚、乙二醇丁醚、丙二醇甲醚、丙二醇丁醚中的一种或几种混合物,溶剂的加入量为1-5份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃聚苯胺复合水性防腐涂料的制备方法,其特征在于(2)中磺酸改性DOPO的加入量为0.5-2份,所用的引发剂为过硫酸胺,氯化铁,双氧水,重铬酸钾和二氧化锰中的一种或多种混合物,用量为0.5-2份。反应温度可选择在0-20℃范围内,反应时间为8-24小时。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃聚苯胺复合水性防腐涂料的制备方法,其特征在于(3)中所述的水性树脂包括水性聚氨酯,水性环氧树脂,水性丙烯酸酯及水性醇酸树脂中的一种或多种任意比例的混合物。阻燃改性聚苯胺防腐材料与水性树脂的加量比例为0.5:100-30:100。
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