CN114622888A - Complex fracture proppant dynamic migration rule testing method and application thereof - Google Patents
Complex fracture proppant dynamic migration rule testing method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing the dynamic migration rule of a complex fracture proppant and application thereof, and aims at a multi-stage complex fracture system such as a main fracture, a branch fracture, a micro-fracture and the like. The method can effectively solve the limitation of the conventional test evaluation method, improve the conformity between a simulation experiment and the actual fracturing situation, and form a method for testing the dynamic migration rule of the proppant in the complex fracture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to basic experimental research such as a migration rule of a proppant in a fracture, in particular to research on a dynamic migration rule of a complex fracture proppant, and specifically relates to a test method for the dynamic migration rule of the complex fracture proppant and application thereof.
Background
At present, with the popularization of shale gas volume fracturing and horizontal well staged fracturing technologies, the shale gas volume fracturing and horizontal well staged fracturing technology plays an important role in exploration and development of oil and gas fields. The core of the technology is to form a complex fracture system, namely, on the basis of the original main fracture, one or more branch fractures in the main fracture flank direction are promoted to be generated by greatly increasing the net pressure in the fracture (adjusting construction parameters or measures such as temporary plugging in the fracture) on the basis of the original main fracture. On the basis of the formation of the complex cracks, how to experimentally evaluate the dynamic migration rule of the propping agents with different particle sizes and densities is particularly important.
At present, a three-level complex fracture system proppant dynamic migration rule testing device and a corresponding evaluation method are available at home and abroad. The tertiary fracture means a main fracture having the largest width, a secondary-width branch fracture (primary branch fracture) connected to the main fracture and having a different angle, and a secondary-width microcrack (secondary branch fracture) connected to the secondary fracture and having a different angle. The width of each stage of cracks is adjustable, and in a branch crack or micro-crack system, patches and the like which reflect the influence of the convexity and concavity of the wall surface of the crack are also arranged. And the number of branch cracks and micro cracks can be adjusted. It can be said that the factors considered in the experimental setup are very comprehensive. However, there are some disadvantages in the test and evaluation method, such as that there is always a flow out from the outlet of each branch crack, which is obviously not practical. In fact, the branch cracks bear higher closing stress than the main cracks, the number of the branch cracks is large, and the displacement absorbed by each branch crack is limited, so that the branch cracks grow more and more slowly and finally stop extending earlier than the main cracks; in addition, no pressure gauge and flowmeter are arranged at the inlet ends of the branch cracks and the microcracks, and quantitative description basis is lacked for the migration rule of the propping agent in the branch cracks.
A multi-fracture sand-carrying liquid migration rule experimental device is independently designed in the document 'analysis of migration and laying rules of proppant in a complex fracture network', and the influence of sand ratio, the included angle between a main fracture and a branch fracture and the type of proppant on the migration and laying rules of the proppant in the complex fracture network is researched through an indoor model experiment. However, the experimental device for the migration rule of the multi-fracture sand-carrying fluid designed in the document is not provided with a switch valve at an outlet, is not provided with a pressure gauge and a flow meter, cannot test the dynamic migration rule of the propping agent with gradually closed branch fractures and micro fractures in the fracturing process, is not very consistent with the actual fracturing situation, and has certain limitations.
According to CFD numerical simulation, research on conveying rule of the proppant in the crack with the branch crack is developed, growth modes of a main crack and a sand bank in the branch crack are analyzed, influences of injection speed, injection position and branch crack position of sand-carrying liquid on spreading form of the sand bank in the crack are evaluated, and field specific measures are provided. The literature mainly researches migration rules of the proppant in the crack by a numerical simulation method, and has certain limitations without combining a physical simulation experiment method.
The document shale complex fracture proppant shunting mechanism aims at the problem of shunting of complex fracture proppants in shale hydraulic fracturing, a complex fracture proppant shunting migration evaluation test system is developed, and research on proppant shunting rules in complex fractures is carried out through physical simulation experiments. The document mainly researches a flow dividing mechanism of the proppant in the complex fracture, and the designed complex fracture proppant flow dividing migration evaluation test system is not provided with a switch valve at an outlet, is not provided with a pressure gauge and a flow meter, cannot test the dynamic migration rule of the proppant with gradually closed branch seams and micro-fractures in the fracturing process, is not very consistent with the actual fracturing condition, and has certain limitation.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new method for evaluating the dynamic migration rule of the proppant in a complex fracture system to solve the limitations of the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for testing the dynamic migration rule of a proppant in a complex fracture and application thereof, and particularly, aiming at a multistage complex fracture system such as a main fracture, a branch fracture (a first-stage branch fracture), a micro-fracture (a second-stage branch fracture) and the like, the dynamic migration rule of the proppant in which the branch fracture and the micro-fracture are gradually closed in the fracturing process is tested by taking the fact that the branch fracture and the micro-fracture stop extending earlier than the main fracture in the actual fracturing construction process into consideration, installing a switch valve at the outlet of each stage of fracture, installing a pressure gauge and a flowmeter, so as to solve the limitation of the current test and evaluation method, improve the conformity degree of the simulation experiment and the fracturing actual conditions, and form the method for testing the dynamic migration rule of the proppant in the complex fracture.
The general idea of the invention is as follows:
concept (1): the branch crack outlet end adopts a step-by-step flow reduction test method instead of always keeping the pressure of an atmospheric pressure outlet and always flowing out the flow as in the prior art.
Because the fracture initiation and expansion difficulty of the branch fractures is greater than that of the main fracture, the fracturing fluid is easier to move in the direction of the main fracture with the minimum expansion resistance, so that the branch fractures may stop expanding in different time periods, and the liquid inlet speed tends to zero, so that the small-particle-size propping agent is not carried into the branch fractures even if the small-particle-size propping agent is moved to the inlets of the branch fractures. Therefore, in the conventional testing method for the branch fracture with flow all the time, the migration rules of the obtained propping agents, particularly the migration rules of the small-particle-size propping agents in the branch fracture are obviously different, and the method does not accord with the actual situation (the distribution of the small-particle-size propping agents in the branch fracture is evaluated too optimistically).
For this reason, based on the above knowledge of the regularity of the branch crack liquid inlet speed, the liquid inlet speed is gradually reduced until the injection is stopped in the test process. The specific liquid inlet speed control can be realized by installing gradually-reduced baffle opening at the outlet of the branch crack and the micro crack.
The timing of reducing the discharge capacity of each branch fracture and the size of the discharge capacity are determined based on the expansion rule of the branch fractures in the actual sand adding process. However, considering that the expansion law is extremely complex and has high uncertainty, for the sake of simplicity, the baffle opening degree at the outlet of each branch crack is independently set to be 100% -80% -60% -40% -20% -0%, and the injection time of the baffle opening degree at the outlet of each branch crack is 16.7% of the total injection time.
If the number of the branch cracks and the micro cracks is large, the difficulty of synchronously controlling the opening degrees of the outlet baffles of the branch cracks and the micro cracks is relatively large, and a plurality of experimenters can carry out experiments.
Concept (2): pressure meters and flowmeters are arranged at the outlets and inlets of all the three-stage cracks, and considering that different kinds of fracturing fluid with different viscosities have different metering influences on the flowmeters, the flow check coefficients of the fracturing fluid with different viscosities and different discharge amounts are corrected.
Concept (3): the control method and the parameters of the opening degree of the micro-crack outlet baffle refer to the method of branch cracks in the thought (1).
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a method for testing the dynamic migration rule of a complex fracture proppant, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the improvement of the three-level complex fracture proppant sand conveying experimental device comprises the following steps: installing a pressure gauge and a flowmeter at the outlet and the inlet of all the three-stage cracks, wherein the three-stage cracks comprise a main crack, branch cracks (primary branch cracks) and micro cracks (secondary branch cracks);
(2) analyzing the similarity of experimental parameters;
(3) correcting the flow check coefficient of the fracturing fluid under different viscosities and different discharge capacities;
(4) and gradually reducing the liquid inlet speed of each branch crack and each micro-crack in the test process until the injection is stopped.
In the step (1), pressure meters and flow meters are installed at outlets and inlets of all three stages of cracks, and considering that different kinds of fracturing fluids with different viscosities have different metering influences on the flow meters, the flow check coefficients of the fracturing fluids with different viscosities and different discharge amounts are corrected.
Meanwhile, in the step (4), the branch crack and micro crack outlet ends adopt a step-by-step flow reduction test method instead of always keeping the pressure of an atmospheric pressure outlet and always flowing out the flow as in the prior art.
Because the initiation and expansion difficulty of the branch cracks and the micro cracks is greater than that of the main cracks, and the fracturing fluid is easier to move in the direction of the main cracks with the minimum expansion resistance, the branch cracks and the micro cracks can stop expanding in different time, and the speed of the feed liquid tends to zero at the moment, so that the small-particle-size propping agent has no power to be carried into the branch cracks and the micro cracks even if the small-particle-size propping agent is moved to the inlets of the branch cracks and the micro cracks. Therefore, in the conventional testing method for flow of the branch cracks and the micro cracks, the migration rules of the obtained propping agents, particularly the migration rules of the small-particle-size propping agents in the branch cracks and the micro cracks are obviously different, and the actual situation is not met (the distribution of the small-particle-size propping agents in the branch cracks is evaluated too optimistically).
In a preferred embodiment, in step (1), the size of the pressure gauge and the flow meter at the inlet of the micro-crack is relatively small in consideration of the relatively small size of the micro-crack, and accordingly, the range of the pressure gauge and the flow meter is relatively small.
Specifically, the range of the pressure gauge for microcracking is smaller than the range of the pressure gauge for crack branching, and the range of the flow meter for microcracking is smaller than the range of the flow meter for crack branching.
In a further preferred embodiment, the maximum pressure and flow through the main fracture, the branch fracture and the micro-fracture respectively reach 70% -80% of the corresponding range of the pressure gauge and the flow meter, so as to realize the purpose of fine measurement, especially the micro-fracture.
In a preferred embodiment, in step (2), the injection parameters are designed using kinetic similarity.
In a further preferred embodiment, in step (2), the linear velocity at the time of design test is 90% to 110%, preferably 95% to 105%, for example 100%, of the linear velocity at the time of actual construction.
In a further preferred embodiment, in the step (2), the width of the tertiary fracture is designed to be 3 to 6 times the average particle size of the proppant having different particle sizes.
In which the size of the three-level complex fracture is far from the actual one, and therefore, the injection parameter design should be performed using the kinetic similarity. For simplicity, at least the line speeds should be similar so that the ratio of the width of the tertiary fracture to the average particle size of the proppant of different particle sizes should be close to actual. This ratio should generally be between 3 and 6 times.
In a preferred embodiment, in step (3), due to the large difference in the displacement of the three-stage fracture, the corresponding flowmeter parameters are respectively checked.
In a further preferred embodiment, since the meter range of the main slit is the largest, all outlets of the branch slits and the micro slits are turned off, and then the ratio of the meter reading at different viscosities and discharge capacities to the actual inflow liquid volume and the injection time is checked.
In a further preferred embodiment, the actual flow rate is calculated according to the actual injected fluid volume and time, and then the flowmeter reading is compared to check, so as to check the corresponding flowmeter coefficients of the branch fracture and the micro fracture respectively.
In a preferred embodiment, in step (4), gradually decreasing baffle openings are installed at the outlet of the branch cracks and the micro cracks to control the liquid inlet speed.
Based on the regular knowledge of the branch crack and micro crack liquid inlet speed, the liquid inlet speed is gradually reduced until the injection is stopped in the test process. The specific liquid inlet speed control can be realized by installing gradually-reduced baffle opening degrees at the outlets of the branch cracks and the micro cracks. Thus, the opening degree of the branch cracks becomes gradually smaller, and the opening degree of the microcracks also becomes gradually smaller. In the present invention, the opening degree of the branch crack gradually decreases based on the initial opening degree of the branch crack, and the opening degree of the micro crack gradually decreases based on the initial opening degree of the micro crack.
In a further preferred embodiment, in the step (4), the total injection time is 100%, the injection time of the opening degree of the baffle at the outlet of each branch crack and each micro crack is 10-20% (for example, 16.7%) of the total injection time, and the opening degrees of the baffles at the outlets of each branch crack and each micro crack are respectively and independently set to be 100% -80% -60% -40% -20% -0% in sequence (in time).
The time for reducing the discharge capacity of each branch crack and each micro-crack and the size of the discharge capacity are determined based on the expansion rule of the branch cracks and the micro-cracks in the actual sand adding process. However, considering that the propagation law is extremely complex and has high uncertainty, for the sake of simplicity, the total injection time is considered to be 100%, the opening degrees of the baffles at the outlets of the branch cracks and the micro cracks (in time sequence) are independently set to be 100% -80% -60% -40% -20% -0%, the injection time of the opening degrees of the baffles at the outlets of the branch cracks and the micro cracks is 10% -20% (for example, 16.7%) of the total injection time, and the total injection time is guaranteed to be 100%.
If the number of the branch cracks and the micro cracks is large, the difficulty of synchronously controlling the opening degrees of the outlet baffles of the branch cracks and the micro cracks is relatively large, and a plurality of experimenters can carry out experiments.
In a preferred embodiment, step (4) comprises the following sub-steps:
(4-1) opening the opening degree of the flow meter baffles at the outlets of all the three stages of cracks by 100%, injecting 10-20%, preferably 16.7% of the total injection time of the designed sand-carrying liquid stage, and replacing the proppant type and particle size according to the stage required by the design;
(4-2) opening the baffle plate openings at the outlets of all the branch cracks and the micro cracks by 80%, injecting the branch cracks and the micro cracks according to 10-20%, preferably 16.7% of the total injection time of the designed sand-carrying liquid stage, and replacing the proppant type and the particle size according to the stage required by the design;
(4-3) opening the baffle plate openings of all the branch cracks and the micro-crack outlets by 60%, injecting the branch cracks and the micro-crack outlets according to 10-20%, preferably 16.7% of the total injection time of the designed sand-carrying liquid stage, and replacing the proppant type and the particle size according to the stage required by the design;
(4-4) opening the baffle plate openings at the outlets of all the branch cracks and the micro cracks by 40%, injecting the branch cracks and the micro cracks according to 10-20%, preferably 16.7% of the total injection time of the designed sand-carrying liquid stage, and replacing the proppant type and the particle size according to the stage required by the design;
(4-5) opening the baffle plate openings at the outlets of all the branch cracks and the micro cracks by 20%, injecting the branch cracks and the micro cracks according to 10-20%, preferably 16.7% of the total injection time of the designed sand-carrying liquid stage, and replacing the proppant type and the particle size according to the stage required by the design;
(4-6) closing the baffles at the outlets of all the branch cracks and the micro cracks, injecting the sand-carrying fluid according to 10-20%, preferably 16.7% of the total injection time of the designed sand-carrying fluid stage, and replacing the proppant type and the particle size according to the stage required by the design;
wherein the total injection time from the step (4-1) to the step (4-6) is 100%.
In a further preferred embodiment, in steps (4-1) to (4-6), the pressure gauge is mounted in place corresponding to the flow meter; and recording the corresponding pressure and flow at the inlet and the outlet of all the three-stage fractures, and shooting the dynamic migration and sedimentation processes of the proppant in the fractures with different scales so as to carry out real-time and post-process analysis.
In a preferred embodiment, step (4') is performed before step (4):
(4') preparing fracturing fluids with different viscosities, and selecting different types and particle sizes of proppants.
In a preferred embodiment, in step (4'), fracturing fluid formulation optimization is performed based on the different viscosity fracturing fluid requirements in the fracturing design. In addition to the viscosity meeting the requirement, the resistivity reduction rate also meets the requirement, otherwise, the discharge distribution of the tertiary fracture and the entering amount and distribution form of the propping agent are also influenced.
In a further preferred embodiment, in step (4'), the respective type, density and particle size are selected, again based on the fracturing project requirements.
In a preferred embodiment, the following tests are carried out before or after (preferably after) step (4): keeping the opening degree of the baffle at the outlet of the third-stage crack to be 100%, injecting according to the design requirement, and comparing the result with the corresponding result in the step (4); particularly, the comparison of the migration and distribution rules of the propping agents in the branch cracks and the micro cracks provides a basis for the flow conductivity experiment, the yield prediction and the like of the subsequent complex cracks.
In a preferred embodiment, steps (5) to (6) are carried out after step (4):
(5) after the experiment is finished, the complex crack system device is washed by clear water.
Wherein, for sufficient cleaning, can be divided into a plurality of times (for example, three times), close the rest two-stage crack system first, clean one by one according to the crack level.
(6) And recording the original data of the whole experiment, analyzing the experiment and comparing the analysis results, and recording the results into a computer for storage.
In the present invention, the tertiary fractures include primary fractures, branch fractures and microcracks.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the complex fracture proppant dynamic migration rule testing method in fracture design.
The method can provide a basic theoretical basis for fracturing design.
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed in the present application are not limited to the precise range or value and should be understood to encompass values close to these ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein. In the following, various technical solutions can in principle be combined with each other to obtain new technical solutions, which should also be regarded as specifically disclosed herein.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) compared with the existing testing device for the dynamic migration rule of the proppant in the complex fracture system and a corresponding evaluation method, the invention provides a novel testing method for the migration rule of the proppant in the fracture, which aims at multi-stage complex fracture systems such as main fractures, branch fractures, micro fractures and the like, considers that the branch fractures and the micro fractures stop extending earlier than the main fractures in the actual fracturing construction process, and in order to simulate the actual fracturing process, a switch valve, a pressure gauge and a flow meter are arranged at the outlet of each stage of fracture, and the dynamic migration rule of the proppant of which the branch fractures and the micro fractures are gradually closed in the fracturing process is tested;
(2) the method can effectively solve the limitation of the conventional test evaluation method, improve the conformity between a simulation experiment and the actual fracturing situation, and form a method for testing the dynamic migration rule of the proppant in the complex fracture.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a flow diagram of a complex fracture proppant dynamic migration law testing method according to the invention.
Detailed Description
While the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, it should be understood that the following examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
It is to be further understood that the various features described in the following detailed description may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention can be made, as long as the idea of the present invention is not violated, and the technical solution formed thereby is part of the original disclosure of the present specification, and also falls into the protection scope of the present invention.
The raw materials used in the examples are, if not particularly limited, those disclosed in the prior art, and may be, for example, obtained commercially directly or prepared according to the production methods disclosed in the prior art.
[ examples ] A
(1) Pressure gauges and flow meters are installed at the inlet and the outlet of each stage of cracks of the existing complex crack proppant sand conveying experimental device. Main fracture pressureThe measuring range of the force meter is 0-500KPa, and the measuring range of the flow meter is 0-10m3H; the range of the first-stage branch slit (branch slit) pressure gauge is 0-200KPa, and the range of the flowmeter is 0-5m3H; the range of the two-stage branch slit (micro-slit) pressure gauge is 0-100KPa, and the range of the flowmeter is 0-3m3/h。
(2) Setting the width of each stage of cracks: the width of the main crack is 10mm, the width of the branch crack is 5mm, and the width of the micro-crack is 2 mm.
(3) And checking the readings of the crack flowmeters at all levels.
(4) Preparing a fracturing fluid: in the embodiment, the formula of the fracturing fluid is 0.2% of SRFP-1 thickening agent, 0.3% of SRCS-1 clay stabilizer, 0.1% of SRCU-1 cleanup additive and 0.12% of SRFC-1 cross-linking agent, and the viscosity is 24-27 mPa & s.
(5) Selecting a propping agent: in this example, 40/70 mesh ceramic proppant is selected, and the density is 1.67 × 103kg/m3。
(6) The experiment was started. Opening the flow meter baffles at the outlets of all three stages of cracks by 100 percent according to the set discharge capacity of 4m3Injecting the sand carrying liquid for 30 s; then opening the baffle plate openings of all branch cracks and micro-crack outlets by 80 percent according to the set discharge capacity of 4m3Injecting sand carrying liquid for 30 s; then opening the baffle plate at the outlets of all the branch cracks and the micro cracks by 60 percent according to the set discharge capacity of 4m3Injecting sand carrying liquid for 30 s; then opening degrees of baffles at outlets of all branch cracks and microcracks are beaten to 40 percent according to set discharge capacity of 4m3Injecting the sand carrying liquid for 30 s; then opening the baffle plate at the outlets of all branch cracks and microcracks by 20 percent according to the set discharge capacity of 4m3Injecting the sand carrying liquid for 30 s; then closing the baffles at the outlets of all the branch cracks and the micro cracks, and setting the discharge capacity to be 4m3And injecting the sand carrying liquid for 30 s/h.
(7) Opening the meter baffles at the outlet and inlet of all the three-stage cracks by 100%, and setting the discharge capacity to be 4m3Injecting the sand carrying liquid for 180 s/h.
(8) And (5) finishing the experiment, washing the complex crack system device by using clear water, and recording experimental data.
The invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the embodiments and implementations of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and are within the scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A method for testing a dynamic migration rule of a complex fracture proppant comprises the following steps:
(1) installing a pressure gauge and a flowmeter at the outlet and the inlet of all the three-stage cracks, wherein the three-stage cracks comprise main cracks, branch cracks and micro cracks;
(2) analyzing the similarity of experimental parameters;
(3) correcting the flow check coefficients of the fracturing fluid under different viscosities and different discharge capacities;
(4) and gradually reducing the liquid inlet speed of each branch crack and microcrack in the test process until the injection is stopped.
2. The test method of claim 1, wherein the maximum pressure and flow through the primary, secondary and micro fractures should be 70-80% of the respective range of the pressure gauge and flow meter, respectively.
3. The test method of claim 1, wherein injection parameter design is performed using kinetic similarity; preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the linear velocity during design and test is 90-110% of the linear velocity during actual construction; and/or
And designing the width of the third-stage cracks to be 3-6 times of the average grain size of the propping agent with different grain sizes.
4. The test method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a gradually decreasing opening degree of a baffle is installed at the outlet of the branch crack and the micro crack to control the liquid inlet speed.
5. The test method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (4), the injection time of the opening degree of the outlet baffle of each branch crack and micro crack is 10-20% of the total injection time according to the total injection time of 100%, and the opening degree of the baffle at the outlet of each branch crack and micro crack is respectively and independently set to be 100-80-60-40-20-0% in sequence.
6. The testing method according to claim 5, wherein step (4) comprises the sub-steps of:
(4-1) opening the opening degree of the flow meter baffles at the outlets of all the three stages of cracks by 100%, and injecting 10-20%, preferably 16.7% of the total injection time of the designed sand-carrying liquid stage;
(4-2) opening the opening of the baffles at the outlets of all the branch cracks and the micro cracks by 80 percent, and injecting 10-20 percent, preferably 16.7 percent of the designed total injection time of the sand-carrying fluid stage;
(4-3) opening the baffle plate openings at the outlets of all the branch cracks and the micro cracks by 60 percent, and injecting the branch cracks and the micro cracks according to 10-20 percent, preferably 16.7 percent of the total injection time of the designed sand-carrying liquid stage;
(4-4) opening the baffle plate openings at the outlets of all the branch cracks and the micro cracks by 40 percent, and injecting the branch cracks and the micro cracks according to 10-20 percent, preferably 16.7 percent of the total injection time of the designed sand-carrying liquid stage;
(4-5) opening the baffle plate openings at the outlets of all the branch cracks and the micro cracks by 20 percent, and injecting the branch cracks and the micro cracks according to 10-20 percent, preferably 16.7 percent of the total injection time of the designed sand-carrying liquid stage;
(4-6) closing the baffles at the outlets of all the branch cracks and the micro cracks, and injecting the sand-carrying fluid according to 10-20%, preferably 16.7% of the total injection time of the designed sand-carrying fluid stage;
wherein the total injection time from the step (4-1) to the step (4-6) is 100%.
7. The test method according to claim 6, wherein in steps (4-1) - (4-6), a pressure gauge is installed in place corresponding to the flow meter; and recording the corresponding pressure and flow at the inlet and the outlet of all the three-stage fractures, and shooting the dynamic migration and sedimentation processes of the proppant in the fractures with different scales so as to carry out real-time and post-process analysis.
8. The testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that step (4') is carried out before step (4):
(4') preparing fracturing fluids with different viscosities, and selecting different types and particle sizes of proppants.
9. The test method according to claim 1, wherein the following test is performed before or after step (4): and (4) keeping the opening degree of the baffle at the outlet of the third-stage crack to be 100%, injecting according to the design requirement, and comparing the result with the corresponding result in the step (4).
10. The test method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein steps (5) to (6) are performed after step (4):
(5) after the experiment is finished, flushing the complex crack system device with clear water;
(6) and recording the original data of the whole experiment, analyzing the experiment and comparing the analysis results, and recording the results into a computer for storage.
11. The use of the method for testing the dynamic migration law of the complex fracture proppant as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 10 in fracture design.
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