CN114622577A - Construction method for constructing ultrahigh-altitude skyhow cliff wall and restoring landform - Google Patents
Construction method for constructing ultrahigh-altitude skyhow cliff wall and restoring landform Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C3/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing ornamental structures
- B44C3/02—Superimposing layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C3/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing ornamental structures
- B44C3/04—Modelling plastic materials, e.g. clay
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
- B44C5/06—Natural ornaments; Imitations thereof
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/205—Securing of slopes or inclines with modular blocks, e.g. pre-fabricated
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/046—Improving by compacting by tamping or vibrating, e.g. with auxiliary watering of the soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a construction method for constructing an ultrahigh cutting cliff wall and restoring and treating landform, which comprises the following steps: performing rock blasting on the side slope structure to slow down the gradient of the side slope structure; reinforcing the slope structure; constructing a plastic stone structure on the upper part of the slope structure and covering soil to configure plants; and constructing a dry hanging natural sandstone block at the lower part of the slope structure, and recovering the raised natural sandstone block from the cutting cliff wall by using the mechanism of the hanging natural sandstone block. The method can give consideration to the construction safety and the garden attractiveness of slope treatment, and can ensure the safety of the slope structure and effectively improve the self-stability of the slope by performing rock blasting on the slope structure to slow down the gradient of the slope structure so as to reinforce the slope structure. In the aspect of ecological restoration, the plastic stone structure is adopted to cover soil and configure plants, the shape change of a mountain can be adapted according to the original ecological state, the requirements of slope landscape greening and ecological restoration are met, the texture of the cliff wall of the high slope can be restored by hanging natural sandstone blocks, the color of the natural cliff wall is restored, and the natural cliff wall is close to nature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of slope protection, in particular to a construction method for constructing an ultrahigh cutting cliff wall and restoring and treating landform.
Background
The mudstone high slope is widely distributed in China, the mudstone can form a weak structural plane in a rock body, the interlayer connection is poor, and the mudstone high slope is easy to be unstable and collapse during the slope construction. At the present stage, the slope is reinforced mainly by using prestressed anchor cables, reinforced anchor rods, surface sprayed concrete and other modes in China, and the green covering is recovered by adopting a three-dimensional net grass planting mode. The method has the advantages of good reinforcement effect on common and stable mudstone, inapplicability to mudstone reinforcement with slumping risk, long construction time, greenness recovery by a three-dimensional net grass planting mode, suitability for ecological recovery of simple side slopes and deficiency for ecological recovery of large-scale landscape parks.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a construction method for constructing an ultrahigh-elevation cutting cliff wall and restoring and treating landform, and solves the problems that the existing slope reinforcement mode has good effect on firmer mudstone reinforcement but is not suitable for mudstone reinforcement with slumping risk and has long construction time and the ecological restoration of a large-scale landscape park is not enough due to the restoration of green covering by a three-dimensional net grass planting mode.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose is as follows:
the invention provides a construction method for constructing an ultrahigh cutting cliff wall and restoring and treating landform, wherein a channel is arranged at the bottom of the cutting, and slope structures are formed on two sides of the cutting, and the construction method comprises the following steps:
performing rock blasting on the side slope structure to reduce the gradient of the side slope structure;
reinforcing the slope structure;
constructing a plastic stone structure on the upper part of the side slope structure and covering soil to configure plants; and
and constructing dry hanging natural sandstone blocks at the lower part of the slope structure, and recovering the cutting cliff wall by using the hanging natural sandstone blocks, thereby completing the construction of the ultrahigh cutting cliff wall and the recovery and treatment of landform.
The method can give consideration to the construction safety and the garden attractiveness of slope treatment, and can ensure the safety of the slope structure and effectively improve the self-stability of the slope by performing rock blasting on the slope structure to slow down the gradient of the slope structure so as to reinforce the slope structure. In the aspect of ecological restoration, the plastic stone structure is adopted to cover soil and configure plants, the shape change of a mountain can be adapted according to the original ecological state, the requirements of slope landscape greening and ecological restoration are met, the texture of the high slope cliff wall can be restored by hanging natural sandstone blocks, the color restoration of the natural cliff wall is realized, and the natural cliff is close to nature.
The invention further improves the construction method for constructing the ultrahigh cutting cliff wall and restoring and treating the landform, wherein the construction method for dry hanging the natural sandstone blocks comprises the following steps:
arranging a first hanging piece corresponding to the joint of two adjacent natural sandstone blocks up and down, and fixedly connecting the first hanging piece to the slope structure;
connecting a second hanging piece on the first hanging piece, wherein the second hanging piece is provided with a lower vertical limiting part corresponding to the lower natural sandstone block and an upper vertical limiting part corresponding to the upper natural sandstone block, and inserting the lower vertical limiting part into a slot on the lower natural sandstone block;
the natural sandstone blocks on the upper portion are arranged on the natural sandstone blocks on the lower portion, the slots in the natural sandstone blocks on the upper portion are sleeved on the corresponding upper vertical limiting portions, and when the natural sandstone blocks on the upper portion are installed, the outer side faces of the natural sandstone blocks on the upper portion are closer to the slope structure relative to the outer side faces of the natural sandstone blocks on the lower portion.
The invention further improves the construction method for constructing the ultrahigh graben cliff wall and restoring and treating the landform, and also comprises the following steps:
selecting a partial area at the lower part of the slope structure;
and constructing a rammed concrete wall at the selected partial area, wherein the constructed rammed concrete wall is positioned between the constructed dry-hanging natural rock blocks.
The invention further improves the construction method for constructing the ultrahigh graben cliff wall and restoring and treating the landform, wherein the step of constructing and ramming the concrete wall comprises the following steps:
supporting a transparent template at the selected partial area;
and pouring mortar layer by layer in the area enclosed by the template and tamping, wherein each layer of mortar is tamped for at least four times, and the lines of the mortar layer are observed through the transparent template in the tamping process, so that the lines of the tamped mortar layer are smooth.
The invention further improves the construction method for constructing the ultrahigh graben cliff wall and restoring and treating the landform, and also comprises the following steps:
a plurality of Beidou satellite positioning monitoring stations are arranged on the slope structure;
the position of the Beidou satellite positioning monitoring station is monitored in real time by using a Beidou satellite to obtain monitoring data;
and analyzing the obtained monitoring data, and giving an early warning when the displacement of the slope structure exceeds a set value.
The invention further improves the construction method for constructing the ultrahigh graben cliff wall and restoring and treating the landform, and also comprises the following steps:
arranging total station monitoring points on the slope structure to monitor the slope structure in real time and obtain slope monitoring data;
and analyzing the obtained side slope monitoring data, and performing early warning when the displacement of the side slope structure exceeds a set value.
The invention further improves the construction method for constructing the ultrahigh cutting cliff wall and restoring and treating the landform, wherein the step of blasting the slope structure by rock mass comprises the following steps:
constructing blast holes on the slope structure according to a layout scheme;
adding a medicament into the blast hole, and tamping the medicament;
and after cracks appear on the side slope structure, spraying hot water into the cracks to support the reagent reaction, thereby completing the blasting.
The invention further improves the construction method for constructing the ultrahigh-height cutting cliff wall and restoring and treating landform, wherein the step of reinforcing the side slope structure comprises the following steps:
arranging soil nails on the upper part of the slope structure for supporting;
constructing an anchor rod at the lower part of the side slope structure for supporting;
and constructing lattice girders on the slope structure to finish the reinforcement treatment of the slope structure.
The invention further improves the construction method for constructing the ultrahigh cutting cliff wall and restoring and treating the landform, wherein the step of constructing the plastic-stone structure comprises the following steps:
installing a main body framework on the side slope structure;
connecting a modeling rod piece on the main body framework according to the shape of a mountain;
at least two layers of steel wire meshes are covered on the main body framework and the modeling rod piece, and a certain gap is reserved between the two layers of steel wire meshes;
spraying mortar to the steel wire mesh to form a plastic stone layer;
and coloring the plastic stone layer so as to finish the construction of the plastic stone structure.
The invention further improves the construction method for constructing the ultrahigh cutting cliff wall and restoring and treating the landform, and the construction method also comprises the following steps before constructing the dry hanging natural sandstone blocks:
and constructing a retaining wall at the lower part of the slope structure, and hanging the natural sandstone blocks on the constructed retaining wall.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the construction method for ultrahigh-elevation cutting cliff wall construction and landform restoration treatment.
FIG. 2 is a top view of a cutting in the construction method for ultrahigh cutting cliff wall construction and landform restoration treatment.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of continuous charging in a blast hole in the construction method for constructing the ultrahigh-altitude cutting cliff wall and restoring and treating the landform.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of soil nails in the construction method for ultrahigh-elevation cutting cliff wall construction and landform restoration treatment.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an anchor rod in the construction method for ultrahigh-elevation cutting cliff wall construction and landform restoration treatment.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a dry-hanging natural sandstone block in the construction method of the ultrahigh cutting cliff wall and the landform restoration treatment.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a dry-hanging natural sandstone block in the construction method of the ultrahigh-altitude skyhawing cliff wall and landform restoration treatment.
FIG. 8 is an effect diagram of dry hanging natural sandstone blocks in the construction method of the ultrahigh cutting cliff wall and landform restoration treatment.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a formwork of a construction rammed concrete wall in the construction method of the ultrahigh-elevation cutting cliff wall construction and landform restoration treatment.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a construction method for ultrahigh-elevation cutting cliff wall construction and landform restoration treatment, which adopts a high and steep slope comprehensive retaining technology, is flexible and changeable, accurately covers high slopes with large special change of terrains and complex geological conditions, reduces earth and stone excavation, reduces energy consumption pollution, reduces dust and noise pollution; the landscape retaining wall is used as a framework, the arbor ground is set as a landscape, the plastic stone landscape is formed, the natural sandstone curtain walls are used as surfaces in a multi-pipe mode, the surfaces are mutually independent and mutually mapped, the landscape effect is obvious, and the manual work and the nature are harmonious. The Beidou satellite high slope landslide prediction early warning is assisted, the creep aging theory is combined, the efficiency, the accuracy and the automation are high, the safety warning effect is obvious, a new construction process thought in the industry is provided, and the building and garden values are very high. The construction method for constructing the ultra-high skbenne cliff wall and restoring the landform is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of the construction method for constructing the ultrahigh graben cliff wall and restoring and treating the landform is shown. The construction method of the ultrahigh-elevation cutting cliff wall construction and landform restoration treatment of the invention is explained below with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the construction method for ultra-high cutting cliff wall construction and landform restoration treatment is used for treating the ultra-high cutting, and as shown in fig. 2, a channel 12 is arranged at the bottom of a cutting 10, slope structures 12 are formed on two sides of the cutting, and the slope structures 12 are vertically arranged on two sides of the channel 12; the construction method comprises the following steps:
executing step S11, performing rock blasting on the side slope structure to slow down the slope of the side slope structure; then, step S12 is executed;
step S12 is executed, and the slope structure is reinforced; then, step S13 is executed;
step S13 is executed, a plastic stone structure is constructed on the upper part of the side slope structure, and soil is covered for configuring plants; then, step S14 is executed;
and S14, constructing and dry-hanging natural sandstone blocks at the lower part of the side slope structure, and recovering the cutting cliff wall by using the mechanism of the hung natural sandstone blocks, thereby completing the construction of the ultrahigh cutting cliff wall construction and the landform recovery treatment.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, before construction, the cutting 10 is subjected to geological analysis, and then a corresponding reinforcement processing scheme is selected according to the result of the geological analysis. The original landform rock stratum joint of the cutting 10 is 90 degrees in the east-west direction, the north side is a stable rock stratum, the south side is displaced due to the influence of dead weight after excavation, and the mountain body tends to slide, so the cutting model is manufactured by using the existing landform in the soil piling mode on the north side, and the south side is used for slope releasing and further structure reinforcing treatment. Preferably, the south side is pitched at 50 °.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of blasting the rock mass against the slope structure comprises:
constructing blast holes on the slope structure according to the layout scheme;
adding a medicament into the blast hole, and tamping the medicament;
after the crack appears on the slope structure, hot water is sprayed into the crack to support the reagent reaction, thereby completing the blasting.
Specifically, the width of the bottom of the cutting pedestrian passageway is 22m, the length of the cutting pedestrian passageway is about 546m, the two sides of the cutting pedestrian passageway are high and steep slopes of nearly 60m, the excavation operation is difficult to develop, blasting excavation needs to be controlled by roads and slopes, and static blasting construction is adopted to protect the stability of mountain bedrock, improve the construction progress, reduce the construction cost and reduce the blasting influence range.
When blast holes are drilled on the side slope structure, 38mm drilling holes are adopted, the drilling depth is 1.5m, holes are vertically drilled along the free surface, foam holes at the edge of the side slope structure are drilled in an inclined mode according to the gradient of the side slope and are arranged in a quincunx mode, the transverse distribution hole distance of the blast holes is 20 cm-30 cm, and the longitudinal distance of the blast holes is 20 cm-30 cm.
Referring to fig. 3, after the blast hole 21 is constructed, the residual water and the residual slag in the blast hole 21 are cleaned by a high-pressure machine, the side of the orifice is clean and has no residue, the chemical is quickly poured into the blast hole 21 after being mixed into a fluid state by adding water, the chemical 212 is ensured to be in a sealing state in the blast hole 21, a poking rod with the diameter smaller than the diameter of the blast hole 21 is adopted for vibrating and tamping, and a continuous charging structure is adopted for ultra-deep blast holes, so that the process can be carried out in multiple sections, and the tamping can be carried out section by section. A non-electric delay primer 213 is buried in the blast hole 21, the non-electric delay primer 213 is provided in the chemical 212, a non-conductive squib 211 is provided on the top of the blast hole 21, and the chemical 212 is sealed by the non-conductive squib 211. Furthermore, after the cracks appear in a delayed mode, a small amount of hot water is sprayed into the cracks to support continuous reaction of the agent, the cracks are enlarged, and therefore blasting is completed.
Blasting of a side slope structure is carried out in a mode of transverse layering, longitudinal sectioning and step tunneling, after each stage of excavation work is finished, the side slope is protected in time, and slope toe pre-reinforcement measures of graded excavation, graded retaining and graded protection are adopted for a soft and loose rock side slope with a higher side slope.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of reinforcing the slope structure includes:
arranging soil nails on the upper part of the slope structure for supporting;
constructing an anchor rod at the lower part of the slope structure for supporting;
and constructing the lattice beam on the slope structure to finish the reinforcement treatment of the slope structure.
As shown in fig. 4, after each layer of slope structure is excavated in place, manually finishing the slope surface to meet the requirement of soil nail construction 22, drilling a hole by using a drilling machine, removing soil slag in the hole after hole forming, placing a steel pipe 221 into the hole with the head part 100-200 mm away from the bottom of the hole, placing the steel pipe 221 with the angle consistent with that of the hole, grouting by using a hole bottom reverse grouting method after placing, grouting into the hole by using a grouting hole 222 formed in the steel pipe 221, timely performing grout filling after grouting to ensure full grouting, arranging a barb structure 223 at the periphery of the steel pipe 221, and after the injected grout is solidified, burying and fixing the soil nail 21 in the slope structure so as to reinforce the slope structure.
As shown in fig. 5, when the anchor rod 23 is constructed, drilling parameters and drilling speed of a drilled hole are selected according to the stratum conditions, residues in the hole are cleaned in time before the rod body 231 is installed, the rod body 231 is gently and slowly pushed when being placed, shaking up and down, left and right is strictly prohibited, and twisting back and forth is performed, so that the rod body 231 is always positioned in the center of the drilled hole after installation is ensured, and the tail end of the rod body 231 is 50cm away from the bottom of the hole. The steel bracket 232 is arranged on the periphery of the rod body 231, the rod body 231 is supported by the steel bracket 232 so that the rod body 231 can be positioned in the middle of a drilled hole, the grouting pipe is placed into the hole while the rod body 231 is lowered, pure cement slurry is injected by the grouting pipe to form a slurry layer 233, the rod body 231 is anchored by the slurry layer 233, the end part of the rod body 231, which is positioned outside the hole, is bent to form an elbow 2311, the steel bar 234 is arranged at the elbow 2311, then the concrete structure 235 is poured, and the elbow 2311 of the rod body is anchored by the concrete structure 235, so that the construction of the anchor rod 23 is completed.
When the lattice girder is constructed, firstly, manually grooving on a slope structure, excavating to a designed depth, embedding a ground girder foundation part into a rock stratum to 1m, cleaning up floating soil generated by drilling on the upper slope surface, excavating slurry, placing reinforcing steel bars in grooves formed by excavation, then erecting a template and pouring concrete, pouring the concrete in stages, wherein the height of each stage is not more than 4m, and timely tensioning prestressed anchor cables after curing for 7 days.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of constructing the plastic-stone structure comprises:
installing a main body framework on the slope structure;
connecting a modeling rod piece on the main framework according to the shape of a mountain;
at least two layers of steel wire meshes are coated on the main body framework and the modeling rod piece, and a certain gap is reserved between the two layers of steel wire meshes;
spraying mortar to the steel wire mesh to form a plastic stone layer;
and coloring the plastic stone layer so as to finish the construction of the plastic stone structure.
Specifically, the main body framework is connected to the frame lattice beam through a chemical anchor bolt, channel steel is selected for the main body framework preferably, and rust prevention treatment is carried out after the channel steel is connected. The modeling rod piece adopts the steel bar, and the steel bar is welded on the main framework to form different mountain models so as to adapt to the change of the shape of the mountain. The U-shaped hook is welded on the inner side of the main body framework, the U-shaped hook is used for binding the steel wire mesh, the steel wire mesh is used for blocking sprayed mortar, the space between two layers of steel wire meshes of the sprayed mortar is dense, the steel bars are wrapped, the permanence of steel bar molding is guaranteed, the thickness of the plastic stone is increased, and the permanence of the plastic stone is guaranteed. The plastic stone is similar to the original ecological condition and landform, and the whole plastic stone leans against the cross beam and is combined with the original mountain into a whole. The mortar can be sprayed for multiple times to ensure the coverage of the steel bars, the steel wire meshes and the main body framework. The mortar can be colored after being solidified, the actual situation of the site is fused, the plastic stone is subjected to antique treatment by using mixed color matching of propylene pigment, coating and the like, and the surface is further refined on the basis of coloring, so that the whole mountain can be more fused with the surrounding environment, and the purpose of combining the whole mountain with the original mountain into a whole is achieved.
In one embodiment of the invention, before constructing the dry-hanging natural sandstone block, the method further comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 6 to 8, a retaining wall 25 is constructed at the lower portion of the slope structure, and a natural sandstone block 24 is hung on the constructed retaining wall 25.
Further, the step of constructing the dry hanging natural sandstone block comprises the following steps:
arranging a first hanging piece 261 corresponding to the joint of two adjacent natural sandstone blocks 24 up and down, and fixedly connecting the first hanging piece 261 to the side slope structure;
a second hanging piece 262 is connected to the first hanging piece 261, a lower vertical limiting part is formed on the second hanging piece 262 corresponding to the natural sandstone block at the lower part, an upper vertical limiting part is formed on the natural sandstone block corresponding to the upper part, and the lower vertical limiting part is inserted into the slot on the natural sandstone block 24 at the lower part;
the natural sandstone block 24 on the upper portion is arranged on the natural sandstone block 24 on the lower portion, the slot on the natural sandstone block 24 on the upper portion is sleeved on the corresponding upper vertical limiting portion, and when the natural sandstone block 24 on the upper portion is installed, the outer side face of the natural sandstone block 24 on the upper portion is closer to the slope structure relative to the outer side face of the natural sandstone block 24 on the lower portion.
Specifically, the outer facade of the cutting is a square meter of approximately 4000 meters, 5400 residual natural sandstone blocks are decorated, the average weight of each natural sandstone block is 1.1T, the heaviest natural sandstone block is 2.24T, the natural sandstone block is implanted into the retaining wall 25 by adopting an anchor bolt 263, the first pendant 261 is fixed on the retaining wall 25 by the anchor bolt 263, the first pendant 261 is an L-shaped piece, the vertical plate is fixedly attached to the retaining wall 25, the transverse plate is fixedly connected with the second pendant 262, the second pendant 262 is a T-shaped piece, the horizontal part of the T-shaped piece is fixedly connected with the transverse plate of the L-shaped piece by a bolt, the upper vertical limiting part and the lower vertical limiting part of the T-shaped piece are in limiting connection with the corresponding natural sandstone blocks 24, and the natural sandstone blocks 24 are hung on the retaining wall 25. The natural sandstone blocks 24 are hoisted layer by adopting truck cranes, the natural sandstone block 24 at the bottommost layer is arranged on the ground, the natural sandstone block at the upper part is arranged on the natural sandstone block at the lower part, and the dry hanging construction problem of the overweight natural sandstone block of the 14m high slope is solved by utilizing the strength of the natural sandstone block and the first hanging piece and the second hanging piece. Through the natural sandstone selection and the whole color matching and the block responding mode, the problems of the natural grabens wall color reduction, close to nature and artistic construction are solved. A caulking layer 264 is provided at a gap between the upper and lower natural sandstone blocks.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises:
selecting a partial area at the lower part of the slope structure;
and constructing a rammed concrete wall at the selected partial area, wherein the constructed rammed concrete wall is positioned between the constructed dry-hanging natural rock blocks.
Further, the step of constructing the rammed concrete wall comprises the following steps:
supporting a transparent template at the selected partial area;
and pouring mortar layer by layer in the area enclosed by the template and tamping, wherein each layer of mortar is tamped at least four times, and the lines of the mortar layer are observed through the transparent template in the tamping process, so that the lines of the tamped mortar layer are smooth.
Utilize the rammed concrete wall as artistic effect show area, rammed concrete wall interlude sets up between natural sandstone piece, has played the decorative effect.
As shown in fig. 9, the formwork 271 of the rammed concrete wall is made of a transparent acrylic formwork, splicing can be performed according to the field length, the whole length of the formwork is lengthened, the number of splicing seams for left and right construction can be reduced, and the whole appearance is smoother and more attractive. Set up stupefied 273 of horizontal back of the body and the stupefied 272 of vertical back of the body in the template 271 outside, stupefied 273 of horizontal back of the body and the stupefied 272 of vertical back of the body also adopt the ya keli board, can effectively control panel elasticity, overall stability and roughness, adopt bolt locking between the stupefied and the template of the back of the body.
When the template is fixed, the scaffold is adopted as a horizontal support, the template is supported by the aid of telescopic legs of the scaffold, square wood is attached to back ridges of the pressure template, and the pressure template is supported by the aid of the telescopic legs. The vertical support of the template is supported by an integral scaffold, the inclined support is built by using a steel pipe and supported on the transverse back ridge of the template, so that the template can not slide downwards, and the iron wire is used for tying the template on the scaffold, fixing the template and ensuring the smoothness of the rammed concrete template.
Because the sectional construction is carried out according to the relation of the horizontal distance and the length of the rammed concrete wall, the formwork in the horizontal direction cannot be erected in place at one time, and needs to be erected for two times or even multiple times. The side surface of the finished rammed concrete wall is a left retaining wall and a right retaining wall, and a formwork in the horizontal direction is supported by scaffold telescopic legs to forcibly prop up the formwork so as to fix the formwork on an external scaffold for rammed concrete construction.
The acrylic templates are connected through matched butt joint screws, corresponding holes are formed in back ridges of the acrylic templates, the back ridges of the acrylic templates are locked through the butt joint screws during splicing, and the flatness of the spliced templates is guaranteed again. The acrylic plates on the two sides are drilled at corresponding positions, and then the acrylic template is fixed on the baffle plates on the two sides by using the dry wall nails so as to prevent the template from being stressed up and down.
Two piece upper and lower templates directly lock with the butt screw, and the template has different numbers, carries out horizontal vertical linking according to the number of difference, prevents that the template concatenation from appearing the error, avoids linking up the seam as far as possible too big.
Ramming a concrete wall:
the tamping sequence is that the periphery is first and then the inside, the periphery is first and then the center, and the tamping is carried out from the outside to the inside in a shape like a Chinese character 'hui', thereby ensuring that the tamping is not leaked continuously.
The tamping adopts a pneumatic tamper tamping head to install steel plates with different specifications of 100mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 10mm and the like, the shape and the size of the steel plates can be adjusted according to the thickness of a wall body, and the tamping head is manufactured on a construction site.
The mortar is optimally paved with the thickness of 200-300 mm in a virtual mode each time, the stubble connecting part is in a streamline shape, then the mortar is tamped layer by a pneumatic tamping machine, and each layer of tamping is controlled to be more than four times. Through transparent template of ya keli, observe the chromatograph lines situation of change at any time, ensure that the lines are smooth.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises:
a plurality of Beidou satellite positioning monitoring stations are arranged on the slope structure;
the method comprises the steps that the position of a Beidou satellite positioning monitoring station is monitored in real time by using a Beidou satellite to obtain monitoring data;
and analyzing the obtained monitoring data, and giving an early warning when the displacement of the slope structure exceeds a set value.
Further, still include:
arranging total station monitoring points on the slope structure to monitor the slope structure in real time and obtain slope monitoring data;
and analyzing the obtained slope monitoring data, and performing early warning when the displacement of the slope structure exceeds a set value.
According to the invention, a Beidou high-precision measurement system is adopted, monitoring data is analyzed through a creep aging theory, accurate criteria are given, and the integration of monitoring, analysis, prediction and prediction is realized.
Preferably, the Beidou satellite positioning monitoring pile is cast by concrete, a receiver positioning base is buried in the center of the pile top, and the position is selected to be a place where the shielding of the satellite is minimum, the high-voltage line is far away, and the magnetic field is small. And 10 Beidou satellite positioning monitoring stations are distributed in total. The monitoring points of the total station are arranged on a construction slope net, obvious marks are drawn, the center positioning is accurate, the requirement of repeated resetting of the prism is met, and the measuring points are in straight line visual communication with the total station of the workstation. And the total number of monitoring points is 73.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
static blasting of the high slope: and (3) performing low-detonation-pressure quasi-static blasting by using a solid expanding agent, charging after drilling a rock wall, injecting water after rock stratum cracks to maintain reaction until slope explosion control is completed, forming a flat cutting surface, and highlighting a virgin surface.
And (3) reinforcing, managing and repairing the mudstone side slope with the complex condition of 60 m: the form of multi-stage support is adopted, and soil nail protection, anchor bolt support and sash beam reinforcement three-stage support systems are combined and applied, so that the self-stability of the side slope is effectively improved.
And (3) high slope ecological restoration construction: and a plastic stone framework is erected on the lattice beam, the plastic stone framework is designed according to the original ecological condition and adapts to the change of the shape of a mountain, and then soil is covered on the plastic stone structure and plants are configured, so that the requirements of slope landscape greening and ecological restoration are met.
And (3) restoring the texture of the cliff of the high slope: the cutting outer facade is decorated by adopting large-area natural sandstone and an artistic rammed earth wall, and the cutting outer facade realizes the color reduction of the cutting natural cliff wall by the modes of integral color matching and block response, is close to the nature and is close to the nature.
Forecasting the high slope: the automatic slope monitoring and early warning system based on the Beidou satellite and the total station realizes data acquisition, processing, transmission, analysis and early warning, and achieves information monitoring and feedback of disasters.
While the present invention has been described in detail and with reference to the embodiments thereof as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein. Therefore, certain details of the embodiments should not be construed as limitations of the invention, except insofar as the following claims are interpreted to cover the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method for constructing an ultrahigh cutting cliff wall and restoring and treating landform is characterized in that the construction method comprises the following steps:
performing rock blasting on the side slope structure to reduce the gradient of the side slope structure;
reinforcing the slope structure;
constructing a plastic stone structure on the upper part of the side slope structure and covering soil to configure plants; and
and constructing dry hanging natural sandstone blocks at the lower part of the slope structure, and recovering the cutting cliff wall by using the hanging natural sandstone blocks, thereby completing the construction of the ultrahigh cutting cliff wall and the recovery and treatment of landform.
2. The ultra-high-height cutting cliff wall construction and landform restoration treatment construction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of constructing the dry hanging natural sandstone blocks comprises the steps of:
arranging a first hanging piece corresponding to the joint of two adjacent natural sandstone blocks up and down, and fixedly connecting the first hanging piece to the slope structure;
connecting a second hanging piece on the first hanging piece, wherein the second hanging piece is provided with a lower vertical limiting part corresponding to the lower natural sandstone block and an upper vertical limiting part corresponding to the upper natural sandstone block, and inserting the lower vertical limiting part into a slot on the lower natural sandstone block;
the natural sandstone blocks on the upper portion are arranged on the natural sandstone blocks on the lower portion, the slots in the natural sandstone blocks on the upper portion are sleeved on the corresponding upper vertical limiting portions, and when the natural sandstone blocks on the upper portion are installed, the outer side faces of the natural sandstone blocks on the upper portion are closer to the slope structure relative to the outer side faces of the natural sandstone blocks on the lower portion.
3. The ultra-high-altitude cutting cliff wall construction and landform restoration treatment construction method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
selecting a partial area at the lower part of the slope structure;
and constructing a rammed concrete wall at the selected partial area, wherein the constructed rammed concrete wall is positioned between the constructed dry-hanging natural rock blocks.
4. The ultra-high-height cutting cliff wall construction and landform restoration treatment construction method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the step of constructing and ramming the concrete wall comprises the steps of:
supporting a transparent template at the selected partial area;
and pouring mortar layer by layer in the area enclosed by the template and tamping, wherein each layer of mortar is tamped for at least four times, and the lines of the mortar layer are observed through the transparent template in the tamping process, so that the lines of the tamped mortar layer are smooth.
5. The ultra-high-altitude cutting cliff wall construction and landform restoration treatment construction method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
a plurality of Beidou satellite positioning monitoring stations are arranged on the slope structure;
the position of the Beidou satellite positioning monitoring station is monitored in real time by using a Beidou satellite to obtain monitoring data;
and analyzing the obtained monitoring data, and giving an early warning when the displacement of the slope structure exceeds a set value.
6. The ultra-high-altitude cutting cliff wall construction and landform restoration treatment construction method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
arranging total station monitoring points on the slope structure to monitor the slope structure in real time and obtain slope monitoring data;
and analyzing the obtained side slope monitoring data, and performing early warning when the displacement of the side slope structure exceeds a set value.
7. The ultra-high-height cutting cliff wall construction and landform restoration treatment construction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of blasting the slope structure with rock mass comprises the steps of:
constructing blast holes on the slope structure according to a layout scheme;
adding a medicament into the blast hole, and tamping the medicament;
and after cracks appear on the side slope structure, spraying hot water into the cracks to support the reagent reaction, thereby completing the blasting.
8. The ultra-high-height cutting cliff wall construction and landform restoration treatment construction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of reinforcing the slope structure comprises the steps of:
arranging soil nails on the upper part of the slope structure for supporting;
constructing an anchor rod at the lower part of the side slope structure for supporting;
and constructing lattice girders on the slope structure to finish the reinforcement treatment of the slope structure.
9. The ultra-high-altitude cutting cliff wall construction and landform restoration treatment construction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of constructing the plastic-stone structure comprises the steps of:
installing a main body framework on the side slope structure;
connecting a modeling rod piece on the main body framework according to the shape of a mountain;
at least two layers of steel wire meshes are covered on the main body framework and the modeling rod piece, and a certain gap is reserved between the two layers of steel wire meshes;
spraying mortar to the steel wire mesh to form a plastic stone layer;
and coloring the plastic stone layer so as to finish the construction of the plastic stone structure.
10. The ultra-high-height cutting cliff wall construction and landform restoration treatment construction method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising, before constructing the dry hanging natural sandstone blocks:
and constructing a retaining wall at the lower part of the slope structure, and hanging the natural sandstone blocks on the constructed retaining wall.
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