CN114622577B - Super-high cutting cliff wall construction and relief restoration treatment construction method - Google Patents
Super-high cutting cliff wall construction and relief restoration treatment construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114622577B CN114622577B CN202111553565.9A CN202111553565A CN114622577B CN 114622577 B CN114622577 B CN 114622577B CN 202111553565 A CN202111553565 A CN 202111553565A CN 114622577 B CN114622577 B CN 114622577B
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C3/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing ornamental structures
- B44C3/02—Superimposing layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C3/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing ornamental structures
- B44C3/04—Modelling plastic materials, e.g. clay
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
- B44C5/06—Natural ornaments; Imitations thereof
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/205—Securing of slopes or inclines with modular blocks, e.g. pre-fabricated
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/046—Improving by compacting by tamping or vibrating, e.g. with auxiliary watering of the soil
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Abstract
The invention relates to a construction method for constructing an ultra-high cutting cliff and recovering and treating landforms, which comprises the following steps: performing rock mass blasting on the slope structure to slow down the gradient of the slope structure; reinforcing the slope structure; constructing a plastic stone structure on the upper part of the side slope structure and covering soil to prepare plants; and (3) constructing dry-hanging natural sandstone blocks at the lower part of the side slope structure, and recovering the mechanism of the hung natural sandstone blocks on the moat cliffs. The invention can give consideration to construction safety and garden attractiveness of side slope treatment, and can ensure the safety of the side slope structure by performing rock mass blasting on the side slope structure to slow down the gradient of the side slope structure and further strengthen the side slope structure, thereby effectively improving the self-stability of the side slope. In the aspect of ecological restoration, the plastic stone structure is adopted to cover soil to configure plants, so that the shape change of a mountain can be adapted according to the original ecological state, the requirements of slope landscape greening and ecological restoration are met, the high slope cliff texture can be restored by hanging natural sandstone blocks, the color restoration of the natural cliff is realized, and the natural cliff is close to nature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of side slope protection, in particular to a construction method for constructing an ultra-high cutting cliff and recovering and treating landforms.
Background
The mudstone high slope has wide distribution in China, the mudstone can form a weak structural surface in the rock mass, the interlayer connection is poor, and the mudstone high slope is easy to be unstable and collapse during slope construction. At present, the method mainly uses prestress anchor cables, steel bar anchor rods, surface shotcrete and other modes to strengthen the side slope, and adopts a three-dimensional net grass planting mode to recover the green. The method is better for common firmer mudstone reinforcement, is not suitable for the mudstone reinforcement with the risk of slumping, has longer construction time, is suitable for the ecological restoration of a simple side slope due to the restoration of a three-dimensional net grass planting mode, and has a defect in the ecological restoration of a large-scale landscape park.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a construction method for super-high cut cliff wall construction and relief restoration treatment, and solves the problems that the existing slope reinforcement mode has good effect on relatively stable mudstone reinforcement, is not suitable for the mudstone reinforcement with slump risk and has long construction time, and the ecological restoration of a large-scale landscape park is insufficient due to the recovery of green covering by a three-dimensional net grass planting mode.
The technical scheme for achieving the purpose is as follows:
the invention provides a construction method for constructing an ultra-high cutting cliff and recovering and treating landforms, wherein a channel is arranged at the bottom of the cutting, and side slope structures are formed on two sides of the cutting, and the construction method comprises the following steps:
performing rock mass blasting on the slope structure to slow down the gradient of the slope structure;
reinforcing the slope structure;
constructing a plastic-stone structure on the upper part of the side slope structure and covering soil to prepare plants; and
and (3) constructing dry-hanging natural sandstone blocks at the lower part of the side slope structure, and recovering the cutting cliff by utilizing the mechanism of the hung natural sandstone blocks, thereby completing the construction of the ultra-high cutting cliff and the recovery and treatment of the landform.
The invention can give consideration to construction safety and garden attractiveness of side slope treatment, and can ensure the safety of the side slope structure by performing rock mass blasting on the side slope structure to slow down the gradient of the side slope structure and further strengthen the side slope structure, thereby effectively improving the self-stability of the side slope. In the aspect of ecological restoration, the plant is configured by adopting the earth covered with the plastic stone structure, the shape change of the mountain can be adapted according to the original ecological state, the requirements of slope landscape greening and ecological restoration are realized, the hanging of the natural sandstone blocks can restore the texture of the cliff wall of the high slope, the color restoration of the natural cliff wall is realized, and the natural cliff wall is close to nature.
The invention relates to a construction method for constructing an ultra-high cutting cliff and performing relief restoration treatment, which is further improved in that the construction method comprises the following steps of:
a first hanging piece is arranged at the joint of two adjacent natural sandstone blocks correspondingly, and the first hanging piece is fixedly connected to the slope structure;
a second hanging piece is connected to the first hanging piece, a lower vertical limiting part is formed on the second hanging piece corresponding to the lower natural sandstone block, an upper vertical limiting part is formed on the corresponding upper natural sandstone block, and the lower vertical limiting part is inserted into a slot on the lower natural sandstone block;
the upper natural sandstone block is arranged on the lower natural sandstone block, and the slot on the upper natural sandstone block is sleeved on the corresponding upper vertical limiting part, so that the outer side surface of the upper natural sandstone block is closer to the slope structure relative to the outer side surface of the lower natural sandstone block when the upper natural sandstone block is installed.
The invention relates to a construction method for constructing an ultra-high cutting cliff and treating relief restoration, which is further improved in that the construction method further comprises the following steps:
selecting a partial area at the lower part of the slope structure;
and constructing the rammed concrete wall at the selected partial area, wherein the constructed rammed concrete wall is positioned between the constructed dry-hanging natural rock blocks.
The invention relates to a construction method for constructing an ultra-high cutting cliff wall and treating relief, which is further improved in that the construction method for ramming a concrete wall comprises the following steps:
a transparent template is supported at the selected partial area;
and pouring mortar in layers in the area surrounded by the templates and tamping, wherein each layer of mortar is tamped at least four times, and the line change of the mortar layer is observed through the transparent templates in the tamping process, so that the smooth line of the tamped mortar layer is ensured.
The invention relates to a construction method for constructing an ultra-high cutting cliff and treating relief restoration, which is further improved in that the construction method further comprises the following steps:
a plurality of Beidou satellite positioning monitoring stations are arranged on the slope structure;
the positions of the Beidou satellite positioning monitoring stations are monitored in real time by using Beidou satellites to obtain monitoring data;
and analyzing the obtained monitoring data, and performing early warning when the displacement of the slope structure exceeds a set value.
The invention relates to a construction method for constructing an ultra-high cutting cliff and treating relief restoration, which is further improved in that the construction method further comprises the following steps:
arranging total station monitoring points on the slope structure so as to monitor the slope structure in real time and obtain slope monitoring data;
analyzing the obtained slope monitoring data, and performing early warning when the displacement of the slope structure exceeds a set value.
The invention relates to a construction method for constructing an ultra-high cutting cliff and performing relief restoration treatment, which is further improved in that the step of performing rock mass blasting on a side slope structure comprises the following steps:
constructing blast holes on the side slope structure according to a layout scheme;
adding a medicament into the blast hole, and tamping the medicament;
and after the side slope structure is cracked, spraying hot water into the cracks to support the chemical reaction, so as to finish blasting.
The invention relates to a construction method for constructing an ultra-high cutting cliff and performing relief restoration treatment, which is further improved in that the step of reinforcing the slope structure comprises the following steps:
soil nails are arranged on the upper part of the slope structure for supporting;
constructing an anchor rod at the lower part of the side slope structure for supporting;
and constructing a frame beam on the side slope structure to finish reinforcement treatment of the side slope structure.
The invention relates to a construction method for constructing an ultra-high cutting cliff and performing relief restoration treatment, which is further improved in that the construction method comprises the following steps of:
installing a main body framework on the slope structure;
the main body framework is connected with a modeling rod piece according to the mountain shape;
at least two layers of steel wire meshes are covered on the main body framework and the modeling rod piece, and a certain gap is reserved between the two layers of steel wire meshes;
spraying mortar on the wire mesh to form a plastic layer;
and coloring the plastic stone layer so as to finish the construction of the plastic stone structure.
The invention relates to a construction method for constructing an ultra-high cutting cliff and performing relief restoration treatment, which is further improved in that the construction method comprises the following steps before dry hanging natural sandstone blocks:
and constructing a retaining wall at the lower part of the side slope structure, and hanging natural sandstone blocks on the constructed retaining wall.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the construction method for restoring and treating the relief of the ultra-high cutting cliff wall.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of a cutting in the method for constructing an ultra-high cutting cliff and for restoring and treating relief features according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of continuous charge in a blast hole in the ultra-high cutting cliff construction and relief restoration treatment construction method of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of soil nails in the construction method for constructing ultra-high cutting cliff wall and restoring and treating landform according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an anchor rod in the construction method for constructing an ultra-high cutting cliff and recovering and treating landforms.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a dry-hung natural sandstone block in the ultra-high cutting cliff construction and relief restoration management method of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a dry-hung natural sandstone block in the ultra-high cutting cliff construction and relief restoration management method of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is an effect diagram of dry hanging natural sandstone blocks in the ultra-high cutting cliff construction and relief restoration treatment construction method of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a formwork structure of a construction rammed concrete wall in the ultra-high cutting cliff wall construction and relief restoration treatment construction method of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a construction method for ultra-high cutting cliff wall construction and relief restoration treatment, which adopts a comprehensive supporting technology of high and steep slopes, is flexible and changeable, and can accurately cover high slopes with large special change of terrains and complicated geological conditions, reduce earth and stone excavation, reduce energy consumption pollution, reduce dust and noise pollution; the landscape retaining wall is used as a skeleton, the arbor ground is combined with a landscape, the plastic stone landscape and the natural sandstone curtain wall are arranged as a table under multiple pipes, the landscape retaining wall and the natural sandstone curtain wall are mutually independent and mutually reflect, the landscaping effect is obvious, and the artificial and natural harmony is realized. The method is assisted with the prediction and early warning of the high slope landslide of the Beidou satellite, combines the creep aging theory, has high efficiency, accuracy and automation, has obvious safety warning effect, provides a new construction process thought in the industry, and has very high building and garden values. The ultra-high cutting cliff construction and relief restoration treatment construction method of the invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of the ultra-high cutting cliff construction and relief restoration treatment construction method of the invention is shown. The following describes a construction method for constructing an ultra-high cutting cliff and recovering and treating landforms according to the present invention with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the ultra-high cutting cliff construction and relief restoration treatment construction method of the present invention is used for treating ultra-high cutting, and as shown in fig. 2, a channel 12 is arranged at the bottom of the cutting 10, side slope structures 12 are formed at both sides, and the side slope structures 12 are vertically arranged at both sides of the channel 12; the construction method of the invention comprises the following steps:
executing step S11, performing rock mass blasting on the side slope structure to slow down the gradient of the side slope structure; step S12 is then performed;
executing step S12, and reinforcing the side slope structure; step S13 is then executed;
step S13, constructing a plastic-stone structure on the upper part of the slope structure and covering soil to configure plants; step S14 is then performed;
and S14, constructing dry-hanging natural sandstone blocks at the lower part of the side slope structure, and restoring the cutting cliff by utilizing the mechanism of the hung natural sandstone blocks, thereby completing the construction of the ultra-high cutting cliff and the relief restoration treatment.
In one embodiment of the present invention, geological analysis is performed on the cutting 10 prior to construction, and then a corresponding reinforcement treatment scheme is selected according to the result of the geological analysis. The original landform rock layer joint production of the cutting 10 is 90 degrees from east to west, the north side is a stable rock layer, the south side is displaced due to the influence of dead weight after excavation, and the mountain body tends to slide down, so that the north side utilizes the existing topography to manufacture the cutting model in a soil piling mode, and the south side is inclined, so that the structure is reinforced. Preferably, the south side is inclined at 50 °.
In one embodiment of the invention, the step of blasting the side slope structure comprises:
constructing blast holes on the side slope structure according to the layout scheme;
adding a medicament into the blast hole, and tamping the medicament;
after the side slope structure is cracked, hot water is sprayed into the cracks to support the chemical reaction, so that the blasting is completed.
Specifically, the bottom of the cutting pedestrian passageway is 22m wide and about 546m long, high slopes with two sides of nearly 60m are used, partial slope protection is high and steep, excavation operation is difficult to develop, road and slope stone control blasting excavation is needed, and static blasting construction is adopted for protecting the stability of mountain bedrock, improving the construction progress, reducing the construction cost and reducing the blasting influence range.
When the blast holes are drilled on the side slope structure, drilling holes with the depth of 38mm are adopted, drilling holes are vertically drilled along the free surface, holes at the edge of the side slope structure are obliquely drilled according to the gradient of the side slope, the quincuncial arrangement is adopted, the blast holes are transversely distributed at the hole distance of 20cm to 30cm, and the longitudinal distance of 20cm to 30cm.
After the blast hole 21 is constructed, the residual water and the residue in the blast hole 21 are purged by a high-pressure machine, the situation that residues beside an orifice are clean is ensured, the medicament is added with water and mixed into a fluid state, then the fluid state is poured into the blast hole 21 rapidly, the medicament 212 is ensured to be in a sealing state in the blast hole 21, a poking rod smaller than the diameter of the blast hole 21 is adopted for vibrating compaction, and the continuous charging structure is adopted for ultra-deep blast holes, so that the poking can be carried out in multiple sections and sections. A non-electric delay detonator 213 is embedded in the blasthole 21, the non-electric delay detonator 213 is provided in the chemical 212, a non-conductive squib 211 is provided on the top of the blasthole 21, and the chemical 212 is sealed by the non-conductive squib 211. Further, after the delayed occurrence of the crack, a small amount of hot water is sprayed into the crack to support the continuous reaction of the medicament, and the crack is enlarged, so that the blasting is completed.
The blasting of the side slope structure is carried out in a mode of transverse layering, longitudinal segmentation and stepped tunneling, after each stage of excavation work is completed, the side slope is timely protected, the side slope is relatively weak and loose, and the pre-reinforcement measures of the slope feet of the graded excavation, graded supporting and grading protection are adopted.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of reinforcing the side slope structure includes:
soil nails are arranged on the upper part of the side slope structure for supporting;
constructing an anchor rod at the lower part of the side slope structure for supporting;
and constructing a frame grid beam on the side slope structure to finish the reinforcement treatment of the side slope structure.
As shown in fig. 4, after each layer of slope structure is excavated in place, the slope is manually trimmed to meet the 22-worker requirement of soil nail application, a drilling machine is adopted to drill holes, soil residues in the clean holes are removed after the holes are formed, a steel pipe 221 is placed in the holes, the head is 100-200 mm away from the bottom of the holes, the placing angle of the steel pipe 221 is consistent with the angle of the holes, a reverse grouting method of the bottom of the holes is adopted to perform grouting after the placement, grouting holes 222 arranged on the steel pipe 221 are utilized to perform grouting in the holes, grouting is performed in time after grouting, grouting is ensured to be full, barb structures 223 are arranged on the periphery of the steel pipe 221, and after the injected slurry is solidified, the soil nails 21 are buried and fixed in the slope structure, so that the slope structure is reinforced.
As shown in fig. 5, when the anchor rod 23 is constructed, drilling parameters and drilling speed of drilling are selected according to stratum conditions, residues in holes are cleaned in time before the rod body 231 is installed, the rod body 231 is slowly pushed, shake up and down and left and right is strictly forbidden, the rod body 231 is twisted back and forth, the rod body 231 is ensured to be always positioned in the center of drilling after being installed, and the tail end of the rod body 231 is 50cm away from the bottom of the hole. The outer periphery at the body of rod 231 is equipped with steel support 232, utilize steel support 232 to support the body of rod 231 so that the body of rod 231 can be located the middle part of drilling, put into the hole together with the slip casting pipe when putting down the body of rod 231, utilize the slip casting pipe to pour into pure cement paste and form mud layer 233, this mud layer 233 anchor body of rod 231, the tip that lies in the drill way outside of body of rod 231 is buckled and is formed elbow 2311, set up reinforcing bar 234 in elbow 2311 department, later pour concrete structure 235, utilize the elbow 2311 of the body of rod of concrete structure 235 anchor, thereby the construction of stock 23 has been accomplished.
When constructing the frame grid roof beam, carry out artifical fluting on domatic structure earlier, excavate to the design degree of depth, should imbed stratum to the ground beam foundation portion and reach 1m, will because the upper portion domatic drilling the float soil clean up that produces, dig out mud, place the reinforcing bar in the inslot that excavates and form, later prop up the template and pour the concrete, the concrete adopts hierarchical pouring, every level is higher than 4m, after the maintenance reaches 7 days, in time carries out the tensioning of prestressed anchorage cable.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of constructing a masonry structure comprises:
installing a main body framework on the slope structure;
the main body framework is connected with a modeling rod piece according to the mountain shape;
at least two layers of steel wire meshes are covered on the main body framework and the modeling rod piece, and a certain gap is reserved between the two layers of steel wire meshes;
spraying mortar on the wire net to form a plastic layer;
and coloring the plastic stone layer so as to finish the construction of the plastic stone structure.
Specifically, the main body framework is connected to the grid beam through a chemical anchor bolt, and the main body framework is preferably channel steel, and rust prevention is carried out after the channel steel is connected. The molding rod piece adopts the reinforcing steel bars, welds the reinforcing steel bars on the main body framework and forms different mountain molding so as to adapt to the change of the mountain shape. The U-shaped hooks are welded on the inner side of the main framework, the U-shaped hooks are used for binding the steel wire meshes, the steel wire meshes are used for blocking sprayed mortar, the sprayed mortar compacts the space between two layers of steel wire meshes and wraps the steel bars, the permanence of the steel bar modeling is guaranteed, the thickness of the plastic stone is increased, and the permanence of the plastic stone is guaranteed. The plastic stone is similar to the original ecological condition and the topography, and the whole plastic stone leans on the cross beam and is combined with the original mountain. The mortar may be sprayed several times to ensure coverage of the steel bars, the steel mesh and the main body skeleton. After the mortar is solidified, the mortar can be colored, the actual situation of the site is fused, the plastic stone is subjected to old treatment by mixing colors such as propylene pigment and paint, and the surface is further refined on the basis of coloring, so that the whole mountain is more fused with the surrounding environment, and the mountain is integrated with the original mountain.
In one embodiment of the invention, before the construction of the dry-hanging natural sandstone block, the method further comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 6 to 8, a retaining wall 25 is constructed at the lower portion of the slope structure, and a natural sandstone block 24 is hung on the constructed retaining wall 25.
Further, the step of constructing the dry-hanging natural sandstone block comprises the following steps:
a first hanging piece 261 is arranged at the joint of two adjacent natural sandstone blocks 24 correspondingly, and the first hanging piece 261 is fixedly connected to a side slope structure;
the first hanging piece 261 is connected with a second hanging piece 262, a lower vertical limiting part is formed on the second hanging piece 262 corresponding to the lower natural sandstone block, an upper vertical limiting part is formed on the corresponding upper natural sandstone block, and the lower vertical limiting part is inserted into a slot on the lower natural sandstone block 24;
the upper natural sandstone block 24 is placed on the lower natural sandstone block 24, and the slots on the upper natural sandstone block 24 are sleeved on the corresponding upper vertical limiting parts, so that the outer side surface of the upper natural sandstone block 24 is arranged closer to the slope structure than the outer side surface of the lower natural sandstone block 24 when the upper natural sandstone block 24 is installed.
Specifically, the external vertical surface of the cutting is decorated by adopting approximately 4000 square meters and 5400 pieces of natural sandstone blocks, each natural sandstone block is 1.1T on average, the heaviest natural sandstone block is 2.24T, the anchor bolt 263 is implanted into the retaining wall 25, the anchor bolt 263 is used for fixing the first hanging piece 261 on the retaining wall 25, the first hanging piece 261 is an L-shaped piece, the vertical plate is attached and fixed on the retaining wall 25, the transverse plate is fixedly connected with the second hanging piece 262, the second hanging piece 262 is a T-shaped piece, the horizontal part of the T-shaped piece is fixedly connected with the transverse plate of the L-shaped piece through bolts, and the upper vertical limiting part and the lower vertical limiting part of the T-shaped piece are in limiting connection with the corresponding natural sandstone block 24, so that the natural sandstone block 24 is hung on the retaining wall 25. The natural sandstone blocks 24 are hoisted layer by adopting an automobile crane, the natural sandstone block 24 at the bottommost layer is placed on the ground, the natural sandstone block at the upper part is placed on the natural sandstone block at the lower part, and the dry hanging construction problem of the overweight natural sandstone block at the 14m high slope is solved by utilizing the strength of the natural sandstone block and the first hanging member and the second hanging member. The natural sandstone is selected and the whole colors are matched, and the block-corresponding mode solves the problems of natural cliff color restoration, natural approach and artistic construction of the natural cliff. A caulking layer 264 is provided at a gap between the upper and lower natural sandstone blocks.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises:
selecting a partial area at the lower part of the slope structure;
and constructing the rammed concrete wall at the selected partial area, wherein the constructed rammed concrete wall is positioned between the constructed dry-hanging natural rock blocks.
Further, the step of constructing the rammed concrete wall comprises the following steps:
a transparent template is supported at the selected partial area;
and pouring mortar in layers in the area surrounded by the templates and tamping, wherein each layer of mortar is tamped at least four times, and the line change of the mortar layer is observed through the transparent templates in the tamping process, so that the smooth line of the tamped mortar layer is ensured.
The rammed concrete wall is used as an artistic effect display area and is arranged between the natural sandstone blocks in an interpenetration way, so that the decoration effect is achieved.
As shown in fig. 9, the formwork 271 of the rammed concrete wall adopts a transparent acrylic formwork, and can be spliced according to the field length, and the overall lengthening of the formwork can reduce the number of splicing seams for left and right construction, so that the overall appearance is smoother and more attractive. The outer side of the template 271 is provided with the transverse back edge 273 and the vertical back edge 272, the transverse back edge 273 and the vertical back edge 272 also adopt acrylic plates, the elasticity, the overall stability and the flatness of the template can be effectively controlled, and bolts are used for locking between the back edges and between the templates.
When the template is fixed, the scaffold is used as a horizontal support, the template is supported by the telescopic legs of the scaffold, the square timber is used for being close to the back edge of the pressure template, and the telescopic legs are used for supporting. The vertical support of the template supports the whole scaffold, a diagonal brace is built by using a steel pipe and is supported on a transverse back edge of the template, the template is ensured not to slide downwards, then the template is tied on the scaffold by using an iron wire, the template is fixed, and the flatness of the rammed concrete template is ensured.
Because of the relationship of the horizontal distance length of the rammed concrete wall, the sectional construction is carried out, so that the template in the horizontal direction cannot be supported in place once and needs to be supported twice or even for many times. The side of the completed rammed concrete wall is used as a left retaining wall and a right retaining wall, and a scaffold telescopic leg is used for supporting the template in the horizontal direction to forcedly support the template so as to fix the template on an external scaffold for rammed concrete construction.
The acrylic templates are connected by adopting matched butt-joint screws, corresponding holes are formed in the back edges of the acrylic templates, the butt-joint screws are used for locking during splicing, and the flatness of template splicing is guaranteed again. And drilling holes on the acrylic plates at the two sides at corresponding positions, and fixing the acrylic templates on the baffle plates at the two sides by using dry wall nails so as to prevent the templates from being stressed up and down.
The upper and lower templates are directly locked by the butt-joint screws, the templates are provided with different numbers, and are transversely and vertically connected according to the different numbers, so that errors in splicing the templates are prevented, and the overlarge joint is avoided as much as possible.
Ramming concrete walls:
the tamping sequence is that the periphery is firstly arranged, then the inside is arranged, the periphery is firstly arranged, then the center is arranged, and the tamping is carried out from outside to inside in a shape like a Chinese character 'hui', so that continuous non-leakage tamping is ensured.
The tamping adopts a pneumatic tamper to mount steel plates with different specifications of 100mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 10mm, the shape and the size of the steel plates can be adjusted according to the thickness of the wall, and the tamper is manufactured on the construction site.
The thickness of each virtual paving of mortar is preferably 200-300 mm, the stubble connecting part is streamline, and then the mortar is compacted in layers by a pneumatic compactor, and each layer of compaction is controlled to be more than four times. And the color layer line change condition is observed at any time through the acrylic transparent template, so that smooth line is ensured.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises:
a plurality of Beidou satellite positioning monitoring stations are arranged on the slope structure;
the position of a Beidou satellite positioning monitoring station is monitored in real time by using a Beidou satellite to obtain monitoring data;
and analyzing the obtained monitoring data, and early warning when the displacement of the slope structure exceeds a set value.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
arranging total station monitoring points on the slope structure so as to monitor the slope structure in real time and obtain slope monitoring data;
analyzing the obtained slope monitoring data, and performing early warning when the displacement of the slope structure exceeds a set value.
According to the invention, a Beidou high-precision measurement system is adopted, monitoring data is analyzed through a creep aging theory, an accurate criterion is given, and the integration of monitoring, analysis, prediction and forecast is realized.
Preferably, the Beidou satellite positioning monitoring pile is poured by concrete, the receiver positioning base is buried in the center of the pile top, and the position is selected at the place where satellite shielding is minimum, high-voltage lines are far away and the magnetic field is small. And 10 Beidou satellite positioning monitoring stations are distributed in total. The monitoring points of the total station are arranged on a construction slope net, obvious marks are drawn, the center positioning is accurate, the requirement of repeated resetting of the prism is met, and the measuring points are in line sight with the total station of the workstation. And 73 monitoring points are distributed in total.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
high slope static blasting: and (3) carrying out low-explosion-pressure quasi-static blasting by adopting a solid expanding agent, charging after rock wall drilling, and injecting water to maintain reaction after rock stratum fracture until side slope explosion control is completed, so as to form a flat cutting surface and highlight an original geological fresh surface.
And (3) reinforcing, treating and repairing the mudstone slope under the complex condition of 60 m: the multi-stage support mode is adopted, and the soil nail protection, the anchor bolt support and the sash beam are combined to strengthen the three-stage support system, so that the self-stability of the side slope is effectively improved.
Ecological restoration construction of a high slope: the plastic Dan Gujia is supported on the frame grid beams, the plastic-stone skeleton is designed according to the original ecological condition, the plastic-stone skeleton adapts to the change of the mountain shape, and then the plastic-stone structure is covered with soil and is provided with plants, so that the requirements of slope landscape greening and ecological restoration are met.
High slope cliff texture recovery: the natural cliff wall color reduction is realized by adopting large-area natural sandstone and artistic rammed earth wall for decoration and adopting a mode of integral color matching and block correspondence, and the cliff wall color reduction is close to nature and is close to nature.
Prediction and forecast of high slope: the slope automatic monitoring and early warning system based on the Beidou satellite and the total station realizes data acquisition, processing, transmission, analysis and early warning, and achieves informatization monitoring feedback of disasters.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments of the drawings, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications to the invention based on the above description. Accordingly, certain details of the illustrated embodiments are not to be taken as limiting the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The construction method for constructing the ultra-high cutting cliff wall and recovering and treating the landform is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
performing rock mass blasting on the slope structure to slow down the gradient of the slope structure;
reinforcing the slope structure;
constructing a plastic-stone structure on the upper part of the side slope structure and covering soil to prepare plants; and
dry-hanging natural sandstone blocks are constructed at the lower part of the side slope structure, and the mechanism of the hung natural sandstone blocks on the cutting cliff wall is utilized to restore, so that the construction of the ultra-high cutting cliff wall and the restoration treatment of the landform are completed;
the construction method of the dry-hanging natural sandstone block comprises the following steps:
a first hanging piece is arranged at the joint of two adjacent natural sandstone blocks correspondingly, and the first hanging piece is fixedly connected to the slope structure;
a second hanging piece is connected to the first hanging piece, a lower vertical limiting part is formed on the second hanging piece corresponding to the lower natural sandstone block, an upper vertical limiting part is formed on the corresponding upper natural sandstone block, and the lower vertical limiting part is inserted into a slot on the lower natural sandstone block;
placing the upper natural sandstone block on the lower natural sandstone block, and sleeving the slot on the upper natural sandstone block on the corresponding upper vertical limit part, wherein the outer side surface of the upper natural sandstone block is arranged closer to the slope structure relative to the outer side surface of the lower natural sandstone block when the upper natural sandstone block is installed;
further comprises:
selecting a partial area at the lower part of the slope structure;
constructing a rammed concrete wall at the selected partial area, wherein the constructed rammed concrete wall is positioned between the constructed dry-hanging natural sandstone blocks;
the construction method of the rammed concrete wall comprises the following steps:
a transparent template is supported at the selected partial area;
and pouring mortar in layers in the area surrounded by the templates and tamping, wherein each layer of mortar is tamped at least four times, and the line change of the mortar layer is observed through the transparent templates in the tamping process, so that the smooth line of the tamped mortar layer is ensured.
2. The ultra-high cutting cliff construction and relief restoration management method of claim 1, further comprising:
a plurality of Beidou satellite positioning monitoring stations are arranged on the slope structure;
the positions of the Beidou satellite positioning monitoring stations are monitored in real time by using Beidou satellites to obtain monitoring data;
and analyzing the obtained monitoring data, and performing early warning when the displacement of the slope structure exceeds a set value.
3. The ultra-high cutting cliff construction and relief restoration management method of claim 1, further comprising:
arranging total station monitoring points on the slope structure so as to monitor the slope structure in real time and obtain slope monitoring data;
analyzing the obtained slope monitoring data, and performing early warning when the displacement of the slope structure exceeds a set value.
4. The ultra-high cutting cliff construction and relief restoration management method according to claim 1, wherein the step of blasting the side slope structure comprises:
constructing blast holes on the side slope structure according to a layout scheme;
adding a medicament into the blast hole, and tamping the medicament;
and after the side slope structure is cracked, spraying hot water into the cracks to support the chemical reaction, so as to finish blasting.
5. The ultra-high cutting cliff construction and relief restoration management method according to claim 1, wherein the step of reinforcing the slope structure comprises:
soil nails are arranged on the upper part of the slope structure for supporting;
constructing an anchor rod at the lower part of the side slope structure for supporting;
and constructing a frame beam on the side slope structure to finish reinforcement treatment of the side slope structure.
6. The ultra-high cutting cliff construction and relief restoration management construction method according to claim 1, wherein the step of constructing the plastic-stone structure comprises:
installing a main body framework on the slope structure;
the main body framework is connected with a modeling rod piece according to the mountain shape;
at least two layers of steel wire meshes are covered on the main body framework and the modeling rod piece, and a certain gap is reserved between the two layers of steel wire meshes;
spraying mortar on the wire mesh to form a plastic layer;
and coloring the plastic stone layer so as to finish the construction of the plastic stone structure.
7. The ultra-high cutting cliff building and relief restoration management construction method of claim 1, further comprising, prior to constructing the dry-hung natural sandstone block:
and constructing a retaining wall at the lower part of the side slope structure, and hanging natural sandstone blocks on the constructed retaining wall.
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