CN114617090B - Mineral composition for penaeus vannamei boone culture, preparation method and application - Google Patents
Mineral composition for penaeus vannamei boone culture, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN114617090B CN114617090B CN202210159890.5A CN202210159890A CN114617090B CN 114617090 B CN114617090 B CN 114617090B CN 202210159890 A CN202210159890 A CN 202210159890A CN 114617090 B CN114617090 B CN 114617090B
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 241000238553 Litopenaeus vannamei Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000010446 mirabilite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 135
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 75
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 36
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011147 magnesium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004887 ferric hydroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron(3+);oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Fe+3] IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 3
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000530454 Litopenaeus schmitti Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- RSIJVJUOQBWMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfate decahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RSIJVJUOQBWMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001119626 Megokris granulosus Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000587213 Litsea coreana Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003851 biochemical process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000518 lethal Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001665 lethal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RECVMTHOQWMYFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(1+) dihydride Chemical compound [OH2+] RECVMTHOQWMYFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic animal culture, and discloses a mineral composition for penaeus vannamei boone culture, a preparation method and application. The penaeus vannamei boone culture mineral composition is obtained by adding compound mineral salt extracted from solar salt wastewater into mirabilite mineral brine; the salinity regulated by the mineral composition for the standard crude of the penaeus vannamei is 20 per mill, and the salinity regulated by the mineral composition for the penaeus vannamei is 2 to 6 per mill. The preparation method of the litopenaeus vannamei culture mineral composition comprises the following steps: production of compound mineral salt, preparation of mirabilite mineral brine, blending of shrimp larvae standard coarse water and blending of shrimp culture water. According to the invention, the mirabilite mineral brine and the salt-burning wastewater are combined for developing the penaeus vannamei boone cultivation for the first time, which is favorable for the development and utilization of brine resources in saline-alkali lands and also prevents the ecological pollution caused by the random discharge of the salt-burning wastewater to the offshore environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic product culture, in particular to the technical field of aquatic animal culture, and discloses a mineral composition for penaeus vannamei boone culture, a preparation method and application.
Background
Penaeus vannamei Boone (Litopenaeus vannamei). The original south america pacific coast has the advantages of high growth speed, low requirements for bait protein, strong adaptability and the like, and is an excellent economic variety for intensive cultivation. After being introduced into China in 1988, among all the bred shrimps and crabs, the penaeus vannamei boone has developed into the species with the largest breeding area and highest yield in China. The penaeus vannamei boone culture is one of the important means for increasing the yield and creating the income of fishermen, and plays an important role in the aquaculture of China. Although the penaeus vannamei boone has the characteristic of wide salt, the cultivation survival rate of the penaeus vannamei boone is low in fresh water with low main ion content or brine with unbalanced ion proportion. This also limits the main concentration of the penaeus vannamei breeding area in coastal areas. The consumption of the inland province of the penaeus vannamei boone in China mainly comprises freezing or drying products, and the fresh penaeus vannamei boone is supplied to the market, so that the development of the penaeus vannamei boone cultivation in inland regions has a broad prospect. How to effectively utilize the salt ores in the multi-mirabilite ores in the inland area of China, and to allocate water quality suitable for culturing the penaeus vannamei boone, and the problem to be solved is to be solved currently.
Through the component analysis to the brine in the mirabilite mining area in the inland area, the main chemical component of the brine is mirabilite (sodium sulfate) accounting for 70.55 percent of the total salt content, and the other components are as follows: 18.39% of sodium chloride, 10, 54% of magnesium sulfate, 0.46% of calcium sulfate and 0.075% of potassium chloride. In addition, a small amount of ferric oxide is contained. The two brines were significantly different in quality by comparison to chemical composition analysis of coastal underground brines, as shown in table 1.
To perform the crude and cultivation of the white shrimps Miao Biao, the chemical components and the ion content of the mirabilite mineral brine need to be regulated. Through certain physical and chemical treatment, mirabilite mineral brine can be used for standard thickness and cultivation of white shrimp larvae, but the standard thickness of the shrimp larvae is different from the treatment method and requirements of cultivation water.
In the prior art, the custom call of underground brine from salt growers refers to underground salt water with the total salt content of more than 50 per mill. The underground brine refers to the sum of brackish water and salty water with the salt content of more than 5 per mill.
Coastal underground brine: underground brine with sodium chloride as main component has material content similar to that of sea water and salinity higher than that of sea water.
Mirabilite mineral brine: brine containing Natrii sulfas as main ingredient. The material content characteristics are greatly different from coastal underground brine and seawater.
The contents of various substances and ions in the mirabilite mineral brine and the underground brine are shown in tables 1 and 2.
Table 1 main ion content comparison of mirabilite mineral brine and underground brine (salinity=30%o)
Table 2 main compound comparison of mirabilite mineral brine and underground brine (salinity=30%o)
"-" means absent.
The data show that although the mirabilite brine and the coastal underground brine have a substantial difference, the contained substances are also important substances for forming seawater components, and the difference is that: the high-quality coastal underground brine can be directly used for the standard thickening and cultivation of the white shrimp larvae, while the mirabilite mineral brine cannot be treated by a physical and chemical method, so that the standard thickening and cultivation of the white shrimp larvae can be realized.
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention carries out the experiments of culturing the penaeus vannamei boone by mirabilite mineral brine:
a blank shrimp culture control experiment of mirabilite mineral brine with different concentrations is shown in Table 3, (experiment water temperature is 26 ℃ C., and shrimp larvae are 0.8cm in length).
TABLE 3 shrimp larvae killing experiments with brine of different concentrations
Experiments show that the inland mirabilite brine can not be directly used for culturing the penaeus vannamei boone due to the large proportion and component difference of ions in the inland mirabilite brine and the natural seawater.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects existing in the prior art are as follows:
(1) In the prior art, compound mineral salt is not added into mirabilite mineral brine, so that the death rate of cultured penaeus vannamei boone is high, and the penaeus vannamei boone culture can not be effectively carried out in inland mirabilite saline-alkali areas.
(2) In the prior art, the mirabilite brine and the salt-burning wastewater are not combined to develop aquaculture, which is not beneficial to the development and utilization of saline-alkali soil resources and the ecological pollution of the free discharge of the salt-burning wastewater to the offshore environment.
The difficulty of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: the main component of the mirabilite mineral brine is sodium sulfate, the composition and the proportion of ions in seawater are greatly different, the mirabilite mineral brine cannot be directly used for culturing the penaeus vannamei boone, and the penaeus vannamei boone is cultured by adding commercially sold sea crystals or various salts, so that the difficulty of ion blending is high, trace elements are lacked, the culturing survival rate is low, and the cost is high.
The meaning of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: the salt-burning wastewater and the mirabilite mineral brine are combined for culturing the penaeus vannamei boone for the first time, so that the development and utilization of the mirabilite mineral brine in inland saline-alkali lands are realized, the problem that the mirabilite mineral brine cannot be used for culturing the penaeus vannamei boone is solved, a new way is opened up for developing the penaeus vannamei boone culture in the inland mirabilite saline-alkali lands, the influence of arbitrary discharge of the salt-burning wastewater on the ion components of offshore seawater is also solved, and the offshore ecological environment is protected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the related art, the disclosed embodiments of the invention provide a litsea coreana culture mineral composition based on inland mirabilite mineral brine, a preparation method and application thereof.
The technical scheme is as follows: a mineral composition for culturing Penaeus vannamei Boone is prepared by adding compound mineral salt extracted from solar salt wastewater into Natrii sulfas mineral brine; the salinity regulated by the mineral composition for the standard crude of the penaeus vannamei is 20 per mill, and the salinity regulated by the mineral composition for the penaeus vannamei is 2 per mill to 6 per mill.
In one embodiment, shrimp larvae are marked with raw water: regulating the salinity of the purified mirabilite mineral brine to 5 per mill, and then regulating the salinity to 20 per mill by using compound mineral salts;
water for culturing penaeus vannamei boone: diluting Natrii sulfas ore brine to 2-3% 3 Adding compound mineral salt into the water body, and regulating the salinity to 2-6 per mill.
In one embodiment, the composite mineral salt component extracted from the solar salt wastewater consists of 10-16% of sodium chloride, 26-32% of magnesium chloride, 12-18% of magnesium sulfate, 2.78-4.23% of potassium chloride, 0.1-0.2% of calcium sulfate and 25-35% of water according to mass proportion.
In one embodiment, the shrimp larvae are marked with coarse water with the following mineral substances: 11.61g/L to 15.61g/L of sodium chloride, 0.61g/L to 0.82g/L of calcium sulfate, 0.91g/L to 1.22g/L of magnesium sulfate, 1.49g/L to 1.92g/L of magnesium chloride and 0.29g/L to 0.44g/L of potassium chloride;
the main ion content in the 20%o standard crude water body is as follows: 4.62g/L to 6.2g/L of sodium, 0.56g/L to 0.74g/L of magnesium, 0.18g/L to 0.24g/L of calcium, 0.15g/L to 0.40g/L of potassium, 0.70g/L to 1.68g/L of sulfate radical and 1.16g/L to 1.60g/L of chloride ion;
the ions in the culture water body of 2 to 6 per mill comprise 0.030g/L to 0.040g/L of calcium ions, 0.065g/L to 0.098g/L of magnesium ions, 0.008g/L to 0.026g/L of potassium ions and 1.620g/L to 1.654g/L of sulfate radicals.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the litopenaeus vannamei culture mineral composition, which comprises the following steps:
step one, producing composite mineral salt, namely concentrating and continuously evaporating old brine with the concentration of less than 28-29 Baume degrees after salt production, continuously settling impurity particles, precipitating sodium chloride, heating water to evaporate into slices when the concentration reaches 29-30 Baume degrees, grinding into powder, and uniformly mixing;
preparing mirabilite mineral brine, extracting the mirabilite mineral brine in advance, and removing toxic and harmful gases and iron ions in the mirabilite mineral brine by using methods of insolation, aeration and natural oxidation;
preparing shrimp larvae standard coarse water, namely adjusting the salinity of purified mirabilite mineral brine to 5 per mill, and then adding 15g of compound mineral salt into each liter of mirabilite mineral brine to obtain the salinity of the shrimp larvae standard coarse water to 20 per mill;
and fourthly, preparing water for prawn culture, diluting mirabilite mineral brine to 2-3 per mill, adding 0.2kg of compound mineral salt according to 1 cubic meter of water, wherein the salinity range of the water for culture is 2-6 per mill, and the main ions comprise 0.030 g/L-0.040 g/L of calcium ions, 0.065 g/L-0.098 g/L of magnesium ions, 0.008 g/L-0.026 g/L of potassium ions and 1.620 g/L-1.654 g/L of sulfate radicals.
In one embodiment, the step one process for preparing the complex mineral salt comprises: collecting, precipitating, filtering, removing impurities, evaporating and concentrating, tabletting or pulverizing at above 1000deg.C, mixing, assaying, regulating proportion and packaging.
In one embodiment, the preparation of the mirabilite mineral brine specifically comprises the following steps: the water is lifted in 10 to 12 months in the last year, and harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide, methane and ammonia escape or are absorbed and utilized by phytoplankton under the action of insolation and wind power. The ferrous iron is oxidized into ferric iron, and then ferric hydroxide colloid is formed, and the colloid is exposed to the sun for a long time, and is precipitated or utilized by phytoplankton. And then determining the ion content in the mirabilite ore brine by using a titration method.
In one embodiment, the salinity of the mirabilite mineral brine in the third step is adjusted to 5 per mill, and the salt is added with compound mineral salt, sodium chloride and potassium chloride are added to adjust the ion concentration (the ratio of calcium to magnesium in the mineral salt for standard coarse shrimp larvae is 2-3), the standard coarse water salinity of the shrimp larvae is prepared to 20 per mill, and the mixture is stirred uniformly and kept stand for later use.
In one embodiment, in the fourth step, the mirabilite mineral brine is diluted to 2-3 per mill, 0.2kg of compound mineral salt is added according to 1 cubic meter of water, the salinity range of the culture water after adjustment is 2-6 per mill, fresh water or mirabilite mineral brine with lower concentration is gradually added in the later stage, and the salinity range of the stable culture water is controlled to 2-6 per mill.
The invention also aims to provide an application of the mineral composition for culturing the penaeus vannamei boone in culturing the penaeus vannamei boone, wherein the application comprises the preparation of the penaeus vannamei boone standard and the penaeus vannamei boone culture water, the standard thickness of the penaeus vannamei boone is achieved after 7-10 days, the body length of the penaeus vannamei boone is from 0.4-0.5 cm to 1.0-1.2 cm, the salinity is gradually reduced from 20 per mill to 2-3 per mill, and the natural water temperature is 17-18 ℃ for releasing the penaeus vannamei boone; the mirabilite mineral brine is diluted to 2-3 per mill, compound mineral salt is added per cubic meter of water according to 0.2kg, fresh water or mirabilite mineral brine with lower concentration is gradually added along with the upper L of water temperature in the penaeus vannamei boone culture, the salinity of pond water is controlled to be 2-6 per mill, and 30mg/L of calcium chloride is supplemented every 5-7 days in the middle and later stages.
The invention also aims to provide an application of the penaeus vannamei boone culture mineral composition in other aquatic animal culture.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: according to the invention, through experiments, the compound mineral salt is added into the mirabilite mineral brine, so that the method can be used for culturing the penaeus vannamei boone, changes waste into valuable, obtains better economic benefit, combines the mirabilite mineral brine with salt-burning wastewater for carrying out aquaculture for the first time, solves the problem that the inland mirabilite mineral saline-alkali soil brine cannot be used for culturing the penaeus vannamei boone, is beneficial to the development and utilization of saline-alkali mirabilite mineral brine resources, and prevents ecological pollution caused by random discharge of salt-burning wastewater to offshore environment.
Advantages of the present invention compared to the prior art further include:
the mirabilite mineral brine is buried underground, has no exogenous pollution, is natural water, and can be used for standard thickness and cultivation of penaeus vannamei boone seedlings through manually adjusting the salinity and the content of main ions, although the content of the main ions is greatly different from that of natural seawater.
The effect and benefit of the young and cultured penaeus vannamei are not lower than those of natural seawater and coastal underground brine.
The invention has the advantages of convenient source of raw materials for adjusting main ions, adjustment cost of 200-300 yuan per mu of water surface and economic benefit not lower than that of a coastal shrimp pond.
After the conditioned water is cultured by the prawns, the main ions are absorbed and utilized again, so that the harm to the environment is avoided and the pollution is increased.
The popularization and utilization of the technology of the invention make the saline-alkali soil of the exigual benefit the people, and the current cultivation area is developed from the initial 20 mu to 500 mu. The economic benefit reaches more than 400 ten thousand yuan, and compared with the traditional animal husbandry, the penaeus vannamei boone breeding has the advantages of short production period, quick response, less occupied resources, outstanding economic benefit and the like. The cultivation mode not only can solve the problem that no fresh and alive shrimp is supplied to the market in inland areas all the year round; but also can make the best use of local idle saline-alkali soil, brine and abundant human resources.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure of the invention as claimed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a preparation method of a mineral composition for penaeus vannamei boone cultivation provided by an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a process for preparing a complex mineral salt according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of preparation of mirabilite mineral brine provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, which is therefore not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The embodiment of the invention provides a mineral composition for penaeus vannamei boone cultivation, which is obtained by adding compound mineral salt extracted from solar salt wastewater into mirabilite mineral brine; the salinity regulated by the mineral composition for the standard crude of the penaeus vannamei is 20 per mill, and the salinity regulated by the mineral composition for the penaeus vannamei is 2 to 6 per mill.
In a preferred embodiment, shrimp larvae are marked with raw water: regulating the salinity of the purified mirabilite mineral brine to 5 per mill, and then regulating the salinity to 20 per mill by using compound mineral salts;
water for culturing penaeus vannamei boone: diluting Natrii sulfas ore brine to 2-3% 3 Adding compound mineral salt into the water body, and regulating the salinity to 2-6 per mill.
The composite mineral salt components extracted from the solar salt wastewater consist of 10-16% of sodium chloride, 26-32% of magnesium chloride, 12-18% of magnesium sulfate, 2.78-4.23% of potassium chloride, 0.1-0.2% of calcium sulfate and 25-35% of water according to mass proportions.
In a preferred embodiment, the content of each mineral in the penaeus vannamei boone culture mineral composition is as follows: 11.61-15.61 g/L of sodium chloride, 0.61-0.82 g/L of calcium sulfate, 0.91-1.22 g/L of magnesium sulfate, 1.49-1.92 g/L of magnesium chloride and 0.29-0.44 g/L of potassium chloride.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the Penaeus vannamei Boone culture mineral composition provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, producing composite mineral salt, namely concentrating and continuously evaporating old brine with the concentration of less than 28-29 Baume degrees after salt preparation, continuously settling impurity particles, separating out sodium chloride, heating water to evaporate into slices when the Baume degree reaches 29-30 Baume degrees, uniformly mixing and grinding into powder; as shown in fig. 2; the content of sodium sulfate in the tail sprinkler old brine after salt production in the coastal junes in the north is low, which is an important parameter. The old brine with the Baume degree of 28-29 is concentrated and evaporated continuously, the impurity particles are settled continuously, sodium chloride is separated out, when the Baume degree of 29-30 is reached, the iron pan is evaporated manually to be made into slices, and the slices are ground into powder and then mixed uniformly.
The main components of the compound mineral salt are as follows: 10 to 16 percent of sodium chloride, 26 to 32 percent of magnesium chloride, 12 to 18 percent of magnesium sulfate, 2.78 percent of potassium chloride, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of calcium sulfate and 25 to 35 percent of water.
S102, preparing mirabilite mineral brine, extracting the mirabilite mineral brine in advance, and removing toxic and harmful gases and iron ions in the mirabilite mineral brine by using methods of insolation, aeration and natural oxidation;
wherein, the preparation of mirabilite ore brine: the underground mirabilite mineral brine is transformed into water capable of carrying out standard and coarse cultivation of white shrimp larvae by using a physical and chemical method with minimum cost. The application method comprises the following steps: extracting mirabilite mineral brine, aerating, insolating, determining the content of main ions in the mirabilite mineral brine, determining the water ion content standard, adjusting the salinity and the ion concentration, uniformly stirring, and standing for standby, as shown in figure 3.
The longer the extraction and exposure time of mirabilite mineral brine is, the better the extraction and exposure time is, if the mirabilite mineral brine is used for 4-5 months of spring seedling, the water is preferably extracted in 10-12 months of the last year, and under the action of exposure and wind force, harmful gases of hydrogen sulfide, methane and ammonia can escape or be absorbed and utilized by phytoplankton. Ferrous iron is oxidized into ferric iron, then ferric hydroxide colloid is formed, long-time insolation is carried out, the colloid is precipitated or utilized by phytoplankton, and the color of mirabilite ore brine is changed into: colorless, rust-colored, colorless. The mirabilite mineral brine with low content of harmful gas and iron can be directly utilized after being exposed to the sun for a short time. The raw materials for adjusting ion content include sodium chloride, calcium chloride, potassium sulfate, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate. The most practical method is to extract complex mineral salts from solar salt wastewater.
S103, preparing shrimp larvae standard coarse water, namely regulating the salinity of purified mirabilite mineral brine to 5 per mill, and then adding 15g of compound mineral salt into each liter of mirabilite mineral brine to obtain the salinity of the shrimp larvae standard coarse water to 20 per mill; the content range of the mineral composition after adjustment is: 11.61g/L to 15.61g/L of sodium chloride, 0.61g/L to 0.82g/L of calcium sulfate, 0.91g/L to 1.22g/L of magnesium sulfate, 1.49g/L to 1.92g/L of magnesium chloride and 0.29g/L to 0.44g/L of potassium chloride; the main ions are: 4.62 to 6.2g/L of sodium, 0.56g/L to 0.74g/L of magnesium, 0.18g/L to 0.24g/L of calcium, 0.15g/L to 0.40g/L of potassium, 0.70g/L to 1.68g/L of sulfate radical and 1.16g/L to 1.60g/L of chloride ion.
S104, preparing water for culturing the prawns: the mirabilite mineral brine is diluted to 2-3 per mill, 0.2kg of compound mineral salt is added according to 1 cubic meter of water, the salinity range of the culture water after adjustment is 2-6 per mill, and main ions comprise 0.030 g/L-0.040 g/L of calcium ions, 0.065 g/L-0.098 g/L of magnesium ions, 0.008 g/L-0.026 g/L of potassium ions and 1.620 g/L-1.654 g/L of sulfate radicals.
The positive effects of the present invention are further described in connection with experiments.
1. The following is a table 4 showing statistics of survival rate of standard coarse shrimp larvae in recent 4 years.
TABLE 4 survival rate of standard and coarse shrimp larvae in recent 4 years
2. And after the minerals are added, the experiments for killing the shrimp larvae by mirabilite brine are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 shrimp larvae lethal experiments with different concentrations of brine + minerals (0.5 g/L)
The result shows that the optimum salinity of the mirabilite mineral brine for white shrimp culture is 2-6 per mill. The salinity is not too high, which leads to the reduction of the survival rate of the shrimp larvae, and the adjustment of the culture water requires more mineral salts, which leads to the increase of cost.
3. And (3) cultivation application:
preparing water for prawn culture: in order to save the cultivation cost, the mirabilite mineral brine is diluted to 2 to 3 per mill, and the experimental group is according to 0.2 kg/m 3 The water body is added with mineral salt which is different from the mineral salt used when the shrimp larvae are marked, and the main characteristics are that the sodium chloride component is not needed to be added, the content of main ions in the water after the sodium chloride component is added, and the ion component after the shrimp are bred is finished are shown in Table 6. The concentration and the content of main ions in water are regulated, which is the basis of successful shrimp culture, and only shrimp seedlings adapt to water environment and can grow. Mineral salt is added once, fresh water or mirabilite mineral brine with lower concentration is gradually added along with the rising of water temperature in the subsequent cultivation process, but calcium salt is added periodically in the middle and later stages for the purposes of shelling needs and final quality. As can be seen from Table 6, the added minerals are absorbed by the physiological and biochemical processes such as molting and growth of the shrimps during the cultivation process, so that the environmental pollution caused by the addition of mineral salts is avoided.
TABLE 6 mineral content added before and after cultivation
4. Economic benefit analysis: through continuous experiment for 4 years(Table 7), the technique for healthy cultivation of Penaeus vannamei Boone with mirabilite mineral brine is mature, the cultivation yield is improved year by year, and the initial 98.6kg/667m 2 Raised to 248kg/667m 2 (Table 7); economic benefit is also achieved by 3884 yuan/667 m 2 Is increased to 9027 yuan/667 m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Good economic and social benefits are obtained.
TABLE 7 analysis of cultivation benefits of near 4 years
This application is intended to cover any adaptations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims. It is to be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof.
Claims (6)
1. The penaeus vannamei boone culture mineral composition is characterized in that the penaeus vannamei boone culture mineral composition is obtained by adding compound mineral salt extracted from solar salt wastewater into mirabilite mineral brine; the salinity regulated by the mineral composition for the standard crude of the penaeus vannamei is 20 per mill, and the salinity regulated by the mineral composition for the cultivation of the penaeus vannamei is 2 per mill to 6 per mill;
preparing standard and crude water for young penaeus vannamei boone: regulating the salinity of the purified mirabilite mineral brine to 5 per mill, and then regulating the salinity to 20 per mill by using compound mineral salts;
the preparation of water for culturing penaeus vannamei boone comprises the following steps: diluting mirabilite ore brine to 2-3 per mill according to the following steps0.2 kg/m 3 Adding compound mineral salt into the water body, and adjusting the salinity to 2-6 permillage;
the content of each mineral substance in the shrimp larvae standard crude water is as follows: 11.61g/L to 15.61g/L of sodium chloride, 0.61g/L to 0.82g/L of calcium sulfate, 0.91g/L to 1.22g/L of magnesium sulfate, 1.49g/L to 1.92g/L of magnesium chloride and 0.29g/L to 0.44g/L of potassium chloride;
the ion content in the 20 per mill standard crude water body is as follows: sodium ions 4.62 g/L-6.2 g/L, magnesium ions 0.56 g/L-0.74 g/L, calcium ions 0.18 g/L-0.24 g/L, potassium ions 0.15 g/L-0.40 g/L, sulfate ions 0.70 g/L-1.68 g/L, chloride ions 1.16 g/L-1.60 g/L;
the ions in the 2 to 6 per mill of aquaculture water comprise 0.030 to g/L to 0.040 to g/L of calcium ions, 0.065 to g/L to 0.098 to g/L of magnesium ions, 0.008 to g/L to 0.026 to g/L of potassium ions and 1.620 to g/L to 1.654 to g/L of sulfate ions.
2. A method of preparing the penaeus vannamei boone culture mineral composition as set forth in claim 1, wherein the method of preparing the penaeus vannamei boone culture mineral composition comprises:
step one, producing composite mineral salt, namely concentrating and continuously evaporating old brine with the concentration of less than 28-29 Baume degrees after salt preparation, continuously settling impurity particles, precipitating sodium chloride, heating water to evaporate into a sheet shape when the concentration reaches 29-30 Baume degrees, grinding into powder, and uniformly mixing;
preparing mirabilite mineral brine, extracting the mirabilite mineral brine in advance, and removing toxic and harmful gases and iron ions in the mirabilite mineral brine by using methods of insolation, aeration and natural oxidation;
preparing shrimp seed standard coarse water, namely adjusting the salinity of purified mirabilite mineral brine to 5 per mill, adding compound mineral salt, adding sodium chloride and potassium chloride to adjust the ion concentration, preparing the shrimp seed standard coarse water with the salinity of 20 per mill, stirring uniformly, and standing;
preparing water for prawn culture, diluting mirabilite mineral brine to 2-3%, adding 0.2-kg composite mineral salt into 1 cubic meter of water, regulating the salinity range of the water for prawn culture to 2-6%, and the ion contents are as follows: 0.030-g g/L-0.040 g/L of calcium ions, 0.065-g g/L-0.098 g/L of magnesium ions, 0.008-g g/L-0.026 g/L of potassium ions and 1.620-g g/L-1.654 g/L of sulfate ions.
3. The method for preparing the mineral composition for penaeus vannamei boone culture of claim 2, wherein in the step one, the preparation process of the compound mineral salt comprises the following steps: collecting, precipitating, filtering, removing impurities, evaporating and concentrating the tail sprinkled old brine after 28-29 Baume degrees salt preparation, tabletting or powder at the temperature of more than 1000 ℃, uniformly mixing, assaying components, adjusting the proportion and packaging finished products.
4. The method for preparing the penaeus vannamei boone culture mineral composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the second step, the preparation of mirabilite mineral brine specifically comprises the following steps: water is extracted in 10-12 months in the last year, and harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide, methane and ammonia escape or are absorbed and utilized by phytoplankton under the action of insolation and wind power; the ferrous iron is oxidized into ferric iron, and then a ferric hydroxide colloid is formed; under the exposure environment, the colloid is precipitated or utilized by phytoplankton, and then the ion content in the mirabilite mineral brine is determined by a titration method.
5. The application of the mineral composition for culturing the penaeus vannamei boone according to claim 1 to the penaeus vannamei boone culture, which is characterized in that the application comprises the preparation of the standard thickness of the penaeus vannamei boone and the water for culturing the penaeus vannamei boone, the standard thickness of the penaeus vannamei boone is 7-10 days, the length of the penaeus vannamei boone is 0.4-0.5 cm to 1.0-1.2 cm, the salinity is gradually reduced from 20 per mill to 2 to 3 per mill, and the natural water temperature is 17-18 ℃ for releasing the penaeus vannamei boone; the mirabilite mineral brine is diluted to 2-3 per mill, compound mineral salt is added per cubic meter of water according to 0.2-kg, fresh water or mirabilite mineral brine with lower concentration is gradually added along with the rising of water temperature in the penaeus vannamei boone culture, the salinity of pond water is controlled within the range of 2-6 per mill, and 30mg/L of calcium chloride is supplemented every 5-7 days in the middle and later stages.
6. Use of the penaeus vannamei boone culture mineral composition of claim 1 in other aquaculture.
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