CN114608440B - Bearing outer surface flatness detection equipment and detection method - Google Patents
Bearing outer surface flatness detection equipment and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114608440B CN114608440B CN202210231577.8A CN202210231577A CN114608440B CN 114608440 B CN114608440 B CN 114608440B CN 202210231577 A CN202210231577 A CN 202210231577A CN 114608440 B CN114608440 B CN 114608440B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
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- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/34—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
- G01B7/345—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces for measuring evenness
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- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for detecting the flatness of the outer surface of a bearing, wherein the detecting device comprises a control device, a detecting device and a rotating device; wherein the control device is respectively connected with the detection device and the rotation device; the detection device is arranged adjacent to the rotating device; the detection device comprises a sliding part, a length detection part and a fixed plate, wherein the sliding part and the length detection part are arranged on the fixed plate; the sliding part is in sliding connection with the fixed plate, and the length detection part can detect the sliding length of the sliding part; through setting up detection device and including sliding part and length detection part and fixed plate, wherein sliding part and fixed plate sliding connection, on the other hand, detection device still sets up with rotating device is adjacent for detection device can paste tightly with the bearing on the rotating device, makes the unsmooth change of the surface of bearing can change the relative movement of sliding part and fixed plate in the detection device into, and then realizes the accurate detection to bearing surface roughness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of bearing detection, in particular to a device and a method for detecting the outer surface of a bearing.
Background
The bearing is an important part in modern mechanical equipment, and has the main functions of supporting a mechanical rotating body, reducing friction coefficient in the motion process and ensuring the rotation precision. Wherein during use of the bearing, the life and rated dynamic load of the bearing need to be considered, and both are affected by the manufacturing precision of the bearing.
The existing bearing processing technology has low level, low numerical control rate of turning and grinding, low automation level of grinding, low process capability index of production links such as quenching, cooling, lubrication and the like, poor consistency, and large dispersion of the size, precision and the like of the produced bearing. The improvement of the production link of the bearing requires the matching of the production method and production equipment, and the difficulty is high, so that the quality detection of the produced bearing is necessary on the premise of not changing the production link of the bearing, and the used bearing can be ensured to be higher than the minimum standard.
The quality detection of the bearing comprises the detection of the smoothness of the inner ring and the outer ring, the detection of rated load and the like. The detection method for the smoothness of the outer ring of the bearing mostly adopts manual sampling detection, has low efficiency and low precision, and is difficult to ensure the quality of all the bearings, so that detection equipment and detection method for automatically detecting the smoothness of the outer surface of the bearing are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a device and a method for detecting the flatness of the outer surface of a bearing.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A bearing outer surface flatness detection device comprises a control device, a detection device and a rotation device; wherein the control device is respectively connected with the detection device and the rotation device; the detection device is arranged adjacent to the rotating device and is used for detecting the flatness of the outer surface of a bearing arranged on the rotating device; the detection device comprises a sliding part, a length detection part and a fixed plate, wherein the sliding part and the length detection part are arranged on the fixed plate; the sliding portion is slidably connected to the fixed plate, and the length detecting portion is capable of detecting a sliding length of the sliding portion.
Further, the sliding part of the detection device comprises a sliding table, a sliding rail and a detection probe, wherein the sliding table is arranged on the sliding rail in a sliding manner, and the detection probe is fixedly arranged on the sliding table.
Further, the detection probe is in a rod shape, wherein the top end of the detection probe is provided with an arc surface.
Further, the top of the detection probe is provided with a ball.
Further, the length detection part of the detection device adopts a magnetic grating ruler, a grating ruler or a ball grating ruler.
Further, the detection device adopts a magnetic grating ruler; the magnetic grating ruler comprises a magnetic head and a magnetic strip, wherein the magnetic strip is arranged on a sliding table of the sliding part, the length direction of the magnetic strip is consistent with the length direction of the sliding rail, and the magnetic head is arranged on the fixed table; the magnetic head is disposed adjacent to the magnetic stripe.
Further, the rotating device comprises a motor and a chuck, the chuck is arranged at the output end of the motor, and the chuck rotates along with the rotation of the motor.
Further, the chuck is a three-jaw chuck.
Further, the control device comprises a main control board; the main control board is provided with a display screen, a main control chip, control keys, an on-board power supply circuit and a plurality of optocouplers; the main control chip is respectively connected with the control key, the on-board power supply circuit and the display screen, and is also respectively connected with the length detection part, the rotating device and the external equipment through an optocoupler; the external equipment comprises a computer, a PLC control board and an alarm device.
The detection method for the flatness of the outer surface of the bearing is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: the bearing to be detected is fixedly arranged on a chuck of the rotating device;
Step 2: the position of the motor is adjusted by the control device, so that the bearing is contacted with the detection head of the detection device in the opposite direction;
Step 3: controlling the motor to continuously move upwards for a set distance;
Step 4: controlling a motor to rotate, driving a bearing to rotate along with the motor, and enabling a magnetic head to read magnetic stripe readings for the first time, wherein the readings are used as reference values;
Step 5: the magnetic head sets displacement or time at intervals, reads the reading of the magnetic stripe and transmits the reading to the control device for recording; wherein the set displacement represents a reading variation value of a magnetic stripe read by the magnetic head;
step 6: obtaining the maximum difference value of the current data according to the reading of the magnetic stripe, and judging whether the maximum difference value exceeds a set value; if the set value is exceeded, the bearing is considered to be unqualified, and the step is ended; otherwise, entering the next step;
step 7: calculating the standard deviation of the reading of the magnetic stripe;
step 8: comparing the standard deviation obtained by calculation with a set value; if the set value is exceeded, the surface of the bearing is considered to be uneven, and the step is ended; otherwise, the bearing surface is considered to be flat, and the step is finished.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The detection device comprises a sliding part, a length detection part and a fixed plate, wherein the sliding part is in sliding connection with the fixed plate, and on the other hand, the detection device is also arranged adjacent to the rotating device, so that the detection device can be tightly attached to a bearing on the rotating device, the concave-convex change of the outer surface of the bearing can be converted into the relative movement between the sliding part in the detection device and the fixed plate, and the accuracy detection of the flatness of the surface of the bearing is further realized;
The top of the detection probe is set to be a cambered surface or a ball structure, so that the detection probe can be always in point contact with the outer surface of the bearing, and the accuracy of detecting the numerical value of the flatness of the outer surface is ensured;
Through the flatness detection method, automatic detection of bearing flatness is achieved, convenience and rapidness are achieved, tedious manual detection is effectively avoided, and efficiency and accuracy are guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a second perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic connection diagram of a control device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
The attached drawings are used for identifying and describing: the slide part 11, the slide table 22, the slide rail 33, the detection probe 44, the length detection part 55, the magnetic head 66, the magnetic stripe 77, the fixing plate 88, the rotating device 99, the motor 1010, the collet 1111, the bearing 1212.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic concept of the present invention by way of illustration, and only the components related to the present invention are shown in the drawings and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
Embodiment one:
As shown in fig. 1-3, a device for detecting the flatness of the outer surface of a bearing comprises a control device, a detection device and a rotation device 9; wherein the control device is respectively connected with the detection device and the rotation device 9; the detection device is arranged adjacent to the rotating device 9 and is used for detecting the flatness of the outer surface of the bearing 12 arranged on the rotating device 9; the detection device comprises a sliding part 1, a length detection part 5 and a fixed plate 8, wherein the sliding part 1 and the length detection part 5 are arranged on the fixed plate 8; the sliding portion 1 is slidably connected to the fixed plate 8, and the length detecting portion 5 is capable of detecting the sliding length of the sliding portion 1.
The sliding part 1 of the detection device comprises a sliding table 2, a sliding rail 3 and a detection probe 4, wherein the sliding table 2 is arranged on the sliding rail 3 in a sliding manner, and the detection probe 4 is fixedly arranged on the sliding table 2. In this example, the whole sliding table 2 is L-shaped, a longer side of the sliding table 2 is connected with a sliding block, the sliding block is arranged on the sliding rail 3, a shorter side is close to the rotating device 9, and a detection probe 4 is arranged on the shorter side. The detection probe 4 is in a rod shape, wherein the top end of the detection probe 4 is provided with an arc surface, so that when a protrusion or a depression appears on the surface to be detected, the arc surface structure can be in point contact with the surface to be detected, and better fit with the surface to be detected. In this example, the top of the detecting probe 4 is provided with balls, and the balls roll on the surface to be detected of the bearing 12 by utilizing the spherical structure of the balls, so that the abrasion of the detecting probe 4 in the detecting process is reduced.
The length detecting section 5 of the detecting device may employ a magnetic grating ruler, a ball grating ruler, or the like, in this example, a magnetic grating ruler. The magnetic grating ruler comprises a magnetic head 6 and a magnetic strip 7, wherein the magnetic strip 7 is arranged on the sliding table 2 of the sliding part 1, the length direction of the magnetic strip 7 is consistent with the length direction of the sliding rail 3, and in the embodiment, the magnetic strip 7 is arranged on one longer side of the L structure of the sliding table 2. The magnetic head 6 is arranged on the fixed table; in this example, be provided with the riser on the fixed station, the one end that the riser kept away from the fixed station is provided with magnetic head 6, and magnetic head 6 is close to magnetic stripe 7 setting, guarantees that magnetic head 6 can follow magnetic stripe 7 and read accurate length information.
It should be noted that, in this example, the track on the detection device is in the vertical direction, and the side provided with the detection probe 4 is downward, so that the sliding table 2 on the sliding rail 3 can be acted by gravity, there is a downward trend, and the outer ring of the bearing 12 to be detected can be tightly attached when the detection probe 4 detects. In some other embodiments, elastic means may be provided between the sliding table 2 and the fixing plate 8, so that the sliding table 2 is subjected to the force applied by the fixing plate 8 towards the side of the detection probe 4, so as to ensure that the detection probe 4 can be closely attached to the bearing 12, and the sliding rail 3 is in a horizontal state when the detection device is horizontally placed due to the action of the elastic means
The rotation means 9 comprise a motor 10 and a collet 11, wherein the collet 11 is arranged at the output of the motor 10, in this case the collet 11 being rotatable with the rotation of the motor 10. The clamping head 11 is used for fixing a bearing 12 to be detected, the clamping head 11 is a three-jaw clamping head 11, and the three-jaw clamping head 11 is opened to prop against the inner side surface of the inner ring or the outer ring of the bearing 12, so that the bearing 12 is fixed. The motor 10 in this example employs a stepper motor 10 to better control the angle and speed of rotation, etc. In order to better ensure that the bearing 12 is in contact with the detection probe 4 of the detection device part, the rotation device 9 is arranged on an external device which can be adjusted up and down, left and right, such as a screw structure, a mechanical arm structure and the like. The center line of the clamping head 11 coincides with the center line of the rotating shaft of the motor 10, so that accurate detection can be ensured when the clamping head 11 rotates.
As shown in fig. 4, the control device includes a main control board, wherein the main control board is provided with a display screen, a main control chip, a control key, an on-board power supply circuit and a plurality of optocouplers, the main control chip is respectively connected with the control key, the on-board power supply circuit and the display screen, the main control chip is also respectively connected with the length detection part 5, the rotating device 9 and an external device through the optocouplers, and the external device includes a computer, a PLC control board, an alarm device and the like. In the embodiment, a main control chip is connected with a magnetic grid ruler through a 24V-to-3.3V high-speed isolation optocoupler, wherein the 3.3V end of the optocoupler is connected with the main control chip; the main control chip is also connected with the motor 10 through a 3.3V-to-5V optical coupler, wherein the 3.3V end is connected with the main control chip; the main control chip is also connected with external equipment through two 3.3V-to-24V optical couplers, wherein the 3.3V end is connected with the main control chip, and the two optical couplers are respectively connected with an input interface and an output interface of the external equipment. The control keys include a start/stop key, a set/confirm key, an up key, a down key, a left key, and a right key. The start/stop key is used for controlling the rotation of the motor 10; the set/confirm button is used for controlling the rotation speed of the motor 10; the up, down, left and right keys are used to control the position of the motor 10 and to modify parameter settings, including the rotational speed of the motor 10, etc., which in this example are implemented by controlling external devices that set the motor 10.
In the implementation process, the bearing 12 to be detected is firstly arranged on the chuck 11 of the rotating device 9, the motor 10 is moved by controlling external equipment, the detecting device of the detecting device is contacted with the outer surface of the bearing 12, and the flatness change of the outer surface of the bearing 12 is reflected by the relative position relation of the magnetic head 6 and the magnetic strip 7 along with the rotation of the motor 10, so that the flatness of the outer surface of the bearing 12 is automatically detected.
A method for detecting the flatness of the outer surface of a bearing comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the bearing 12 to be detected is fixedly arranged on a chuck 11 of the rotating device 9;
step2: the position of the motor 10 is adjusted by the control device, so that the bearing 12 is contacted with the detection head of the detection device;
step 3: controlling the motor 10 to continue to move upwards for a set distance; only 20mm up in this example;
step 4: controlling a motor 10 to rotate to drive a bearing 12 to rotate along with the rotation, and enabling a magnetic head 6 to read the reading of a magnetic strip 7 for the first time and take the reading as a reference value;
Step 5: the magnetic head 6 sets displacement or set time at intervals, reads the reading of the magnetic stripe 7 and transmits the reading to the control device for recording; wherein the set displacement represents a reading variation value of the magnetic stripe 7 read by the magnetic head 6;
step 6: obtaining the maximum difference value of the current data according to the reading of the magnetic stripe 7, and judging whether the maximum difference value exceeds a set value; if the set value is exceeded, the bearing 12 is considered to be unqualified, and the step is ended; otherwise, entering the next step;
Step 7: calculating the standard deviation of the reading of the magnetic stripe 7;
Step 8: comparing the standard deviation obtained by calculation with a set value; if the set value is exceeded, the surface of the bearing 12 is considered to be uneven, and the step is ended; otherwise, the surface of the bearing 12 is considered to be flat, and the process is ended.
In the step 3, after the detection probe 4 contacts with the bearing 12, the motor 10 is continuously controlled to move upwards, so that the detection probe 4 can be ensured to be pressed on the outer surface of the bearing 12.
In the step 5, if the magnetic head 6 performs reading at a set time interval, the read reading and the time or rotation angle corresponding to the read reading are recorded, in this case, the time interval between the read reading time and the time interval when the reference value is read. If the magnetic head 6 is set at intervals to perform reading, the magnetic head 6 will perform reading every 1um displacement of the magnetic stripe 7, and it is to be noted that after each reading, the latest reading is updated to a reference value, and in the subsequent rotation process, if the height is 1um or less, the reading is performed, and the reference value is updated; at each reading, the time or angle of rotation of the reading is also recorded.
The above description is only one specific example of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes in form and details may be made without departing from the principles and construction of the invention, but these modifications and changes based on the inventive concept are still within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. The detection method is characterized in that the detection method is based on a detection device, and the detection device comprises a control device, a detection device and a rotation device; wherein the control device is respectively connected with the detection device and the rotation device; the detection device is arranged adjacent to the rotating device and is used for detecting the flatness of the outer surface of a bearing arranged on the rotating device; the detection device comprises a sliding part, a length detection part and a fixed plate, wherein the sliding part and the length detection part are arranged on the fixed plate; the sliding part is in sliding connection with the fixed plate, the length detection part can detect the sliding length of the sliding part, the sliding part of the detection device comprises a sliding table, a sliding rail and a detection probe, the sliding table is arranged on the sliding rail in a sliding manner, the detection probe is fixedly arranged on the sliding table, the detection probe is in a rod shape, the top end of the detection probe is provided with an arc surface, the top of the detection probe is provided with a ball, the rotation device comprises a motor and a chuck, the chuck is arranged at the output end of the motor, the chuck rotates along with the rotation of the motor, the chuck is a three-jaw chuck, the rotation device is arranged on an external device which can be adjusted up and down and left and right, a track on the detection device is in a vertical direction, one side provided with the detection probe faces downwards, the detection probe is clung to a bearing outer ring to be detected during detection, an elastic device is arranged between the sliding table and the fixed plate, so that the detection probe can be clung to the bearing by the force applied by the fixed plate towards one side of the detection probe, and the detection device is in a horizontal state due to the action of the elastic device, and the detection device is in a horizontal state; the magnetic grating ruler comprises a magnetic head and a magnetic strip, wherein the magnetic strip is arranged on a sliding table of the sliding part, the length direction of the magnetic strip is consistent with the length direction of the sliding rail, and the magnetic head is arranged on the fixed plate; the magnetic head is arranged close to the magnetic stripe, and the detection method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the bearing to be detected is fixedly arranged on a chuck of the rotating device;
step 2: the position of the motor is adjusted by the control device, so that the bearing is contacted with a detection probe of the detection device;
Step 3: controlling the motor to continuously move upwards for a set distance;
Step 4: controlling a motor to rotate, driving a bearing to rotate along with the motor, and enabling a magnetic head to read magnetic stripe readings for the first time, wherein the readings are used as reference values;
Step 5: the magnetic head sets displacement or time at intervals, reads the reading of the magnetic stripe and transmits the reading to the control device for recording; wherein the set displacement represents a reading variation value of a magnetic stripe read by the magnetic head;
In the step 5, if the magnetic head is set with a set time, the read reading and the time or the rotation angle corresponding to the read reading are recorded, and the read reading is performed by the magnetic head when the magnetic head is set with a set distance, the magnetic stripe is shifted by 1um, the read reading is performed by the magnetic head, after each read reading, the latest read reading is updated to the reference value, and in the subsequent rotation process, if the height is higher than or lower than the reference value by 1um, the read reading is performed, and the reference value is updated; the time or the rotation angle of reading is recorded when each reading is performed;
step 6: obtaining the maximum difference value of the current data according to the reading of the magnetic stripe, and judging whether the maximum difference value exceeds a set value; if the set value is exceeded, the bearing is considered to be unqualified, and the step is ended; otherwise, entering the next step;
step 7: calculating the standard deviation of the reading of the magnetic stripe;
step 8: comparing the standard deviation obtained by calculation with a set value; if the set value is exceeded, the surface of the bearing is considered to be uneven, and the step is ended; otherwise, the bearing surface is considered to be flat, and the step is finished.
2. The method for detecting the flatness of the outer surface of a bearing according to claim 1, wherein the length detecting part of the detecting device is a magnetic grating ruler, a grating ruler or a ball grating ruler.
3. The method for detecting the flatness of the outer surface of a bearing according to claim 1, wherein the control device comprises a main control board; the main control board is provided with a display screen, a main control chip, control keys, an on-board power supply circuit and a plurality of optocouplers; the main control chip is respectively connected with the control key, the on-board power supply circuit and the display screen, and is also respectively connected with the length detection part, the rotating device and the external equipment through the optocoupler, wherein the external equipment comprises a computer, a PLC control panel and an alarm device.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210231577.8A CN114608440B (en) | 2022-03-10 | 2022-03-10 | Bearing outer surface flatness detection equipment and detection method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210231577.8A CN114608440B (en) | 2022-03-10 | 2022-03-10 | Bearing outer surface flatness detection equipment and detection method |
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| CN114608440A CN114608440A (en) | 2022-06-10 |
| CN114608440B true CN114608440B (en) | 2024-07-05 |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN210426509U (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2020-04-28 | 上海和伍物联网系统有限公司 | Geometric parameter detection device |
| CN210981090U (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-07-10 | 中山荣拓智能装备有限公司 | Gem height and flatness measuring device |
| CN113124748A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-07-16 | 泰州市龙洋木业有限公司 | Automatic measuring device for depth of furniture row hole and flatness of plate |
| CN212692849U (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-03-12 | 福州市长乐区东风轴承有限公司 | Bearing surface roughness detection device |
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