CN114591320A - 一种唑吡坦的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种唑吡坦的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- zolpidem
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- dimethylformamide
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- 229960001475 zolpidem Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- ZAFYATHCZYHLPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N zolpidem Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC(C)=CN2C(CC(=O)N(C)C)=C1C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 ZAFYATHCZYHLPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- AMGNHZVUZWILSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(2-chloroethylsulfanyl)ethane Chemical compound ClCCSCCSCCCl AMGNHZVUZWILSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=CC=O)=C1OC FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trichloroethane Chemical compound ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NHQDETIJWKXCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloroperbenzoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 NHQDETIJWKXCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MCSAJNNLRCFZED-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitroethane Chemical compound CC[N+]([O-])=O MCSAJNNLRCFZED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LXKKPXYJHZSJQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[6-methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl]acetaldehyde Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C1=C(CC=O)N2C=C(C)C=CC2=N1 LXKKPXYJHZSJQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical group CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 60
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 12
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 10
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- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M rongalite Chemical compound [Na+].OCS([O-])=O XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XWSCOGPKWVNQSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-bromo-2,3-dichloropyridine Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Br)=CN=C1Cl XWSCOGPKWVNQSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyldiimidazole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N1C=CN=C1 PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001037 p-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentachloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940001584 sodium metabisulfite Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960005111 zolpidem tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- JSPNBERPFLONRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-4-(2-nitroethenyl)benzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C[N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 JSPNBERPFLONRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OLZONQCQODMZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[6-methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl]acetonitrile Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C1=C(CC#N)N2C=C(C)C=CC2=N1 OLZONQCQODMZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YDHIMEXEGOCNHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-pyridin-3-ylacetamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CC1=CC=CN=C1 YDHIMEXEGOCNHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003349 3-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010012335 Dependence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006683 Mannich reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006845 Michael addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007126 N-alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940121985 Non-benzodiazepine hypnotic Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000028017 Psychotic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-M Pyruvate Chemical compound CC(=O)C([O-])=O LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OKJPEAGHQZHRQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triiodomethane Natural products IC(I)I OKJPEAGHQZHRQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010933 acylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002009 allergenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009435 amidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007112 amidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007098 aminolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005915 ammonolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1408157 Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000024 genotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001738 genotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- UTCSSFWDNNEEBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC=CN21 UTCSSFWDNNEEBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 methyl hemiacetal Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010534 nucleophilic substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- MOOYVEVEDVVKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxaldehydic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC(=O)C=O MOOYVEVEDVVKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 208000019116 sleep disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000020685 sleep-wake disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LYPGDCWPTHTUDO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;methanesulfinate Chemical compound [Na+].CS([O-])=O LYPGDCWPTHTUDO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于药物合成技术领域,具体涉及一种唑吡坦的制备方法。本方法以2‑(6‑甲基‑2‑(对甲苯基)咪唑并[1,2‑a]吡啶‑3‑基)乙醛为反应原料,与N,N‑二甲基甲酰胺经催化氧化反应制备唑吡坦。本发明所述制备方法具有操作安全、简单,环境友好,反应步骤短,所制得的唑吡坦收率及纯度均较高的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物合成技术领域,具体涉及一种唑吡坦的制备方法。
背景技术
酒石酸唑吡坦(Zolpidem tartrate),化学名为2-(4-甲基苯基)-N,N,6-三甲基咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-3-乙酰胺酒石酸盐,是一种非苯二氮杂类催眠药,商品名由法国Synthelabo公司原研,1988年在法国上市。临床用于治疗严重的睡眠障碍疾病,如偶发性失眠症和暂时性失眠症;此外,本品对原发性失眠,抑郁症、精神病引起的失眠也有显著的疗效;具有药效快、成瘾性低等特点。其化学结构式如下:
目前关于唑吡坦的合成工艺报道较多,如文献Org.Lett.,2012,14(17):4580-4583以对甲基-β-硝基苯乙烯为起始原料,经Michael加成、酰化、关环以及水解反应后,在五氯化磷作用下与二甲胺缩合得目标产品。但该法起始原料价格昂贵,生产成本较高;使用刺激性较大的吡啶,对健康及环境均不利。
专利GB9915489、GB1076089、EP0050563、US4492695、US4382938、US20070027180A1及文献Arkivoc,2009(ii)315-320、Journal of Labelled Compounds andRadiopharmaceuticals,1986,23,393-400、Journal of Labelled Compounds andRadiopharmaceuticals,2000,43,385-394、Inventi Rapid:Med Chem,2014(2):1-8中以对甲基苯乙酮或其下游中间体为起始原料,先溴代生成2-溴-4'-甲基苯乙酮,再经缩合、Mannich反应、氰基取代以及水解制得2-(6-甲基-2-(对甲基苯基)咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)乙酸,然后与大大过量的二甲胺反应制得唑吡坦。
此工艺路线反应步骤长、操作繁琐;同时在Mannich反应中应用到基因毒性物质甲醛进行反应,N-烷基化步骤中使用剧毒、沸点较低的碘甲烷,季铵盐经剧毒品氰化钠亲核取代制备氰基中间体2-(6-甲基-2-(4-甲基苯基)咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)乙腈;此外,将氰基转化为酰胺时,需在加热条件下,向反应体系中长时间通入干燥的HC1气体,操作繁琐;最后酰胺化时使用CDI(CDI是一种非常昂贵的、有毒的、引起过敏的和吸湿性的化合物),所制得的目标产品易被CDI的分解产物污染,整个工艺难于工业化规模生产。
专利EP1038875T1、EP1038875A2采用(缩)乙醛酸单水合物作为侧链延伸,制备相应酸衍生物后,还原羟基,最后与二甲胺反应制备唑吡坦。但该工艺使用腐蚀性极强且难以处理的化学药品(如甲酸);使用贵金属催化剂,需要在重新加工后进行回收;同时也涉及过滤和真空蒸馏操作,使得该工艺难以实现大规模操作。
专利WO0008021A2、WO0008021A3、US6407240B1采用乙醛酸甲酯或其甲基半缩醛作为侧链延伸,制备相应酯衍生物后,羟基氯代后还原,最后与二甲胺经氨解制得唑吡坦。虽然该方法采用酯的直接氨解方式引入二甲氨基,可以省去CDI、三氯氧磷或五氯化磷的使用,但是此方法使用的侧链延伸试剂不易获得,同时还原羟基用到不易获得的甲烷亚磺酸钠或者致癌性、毒性较强的吊白块(次硫酸氢钠甲醛/甲醛合次硫酸氢钠),同样不适合工业化放大生产。
上述工艺均应用沸点较低(7℃)、易燃的二甲胺进行反应制备唑吡坦,操作不便并且安全性较低。
综上,鉴于目前唑吡坦的制备方法在工艺安全、操作繁琐、收率较低、生产成本较高等方面存在许多不足,因此,研究寻找一条反应条件温和,操作过程简便,产品收率高、纯度高,生产成本低的适合工业化生产唑吡坦的反应路线仍是目前需要解决的问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术中唑吡坦制备工艺存在的问题,本发明提供了一种新的唑吡坦的制备方法。本方法工艺简单、安全,条件温和,环境友好,所制得的目标产品具有较高的纯度和收率。
本发明具体通过如下技术方案实现:
一种唑吡坦的制备方法,以2-(6-甲基-2-(对甲苯基)咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)乙醛即SM-1为反应原料,以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为二甲胺源,经催化氧化反应制得唑吡坦,反应式如下:
一种如式I所示的唑吡坦的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
将2-(6-甲基-2-(对甲苯基)咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)乙醛即SM-1、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、四丁基碘化铵(Bu4NI,TBAI)、氧化剂加入有机溶剂A中,控温至反应结束后,经后处理制得唑吡坦。
优选地,所述氧化剂选自过氧化氢、间氯过氧苯甲酸、过氧化羟基异丙苯(CHP)、过氧化二异丙苯以及过氧化叔丁醇(TBHP)中的一种,优选过氧化二异丙苯。
优选地,所述有机溶剂A选自硝基乙烷、4-甲基-2-戊酮、N-甲基吗啉、1,1,2-三氯乙烷中的一种或其组合,优选4-甲基-2-戊酮。
优选地,所述SM-1与N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、四丁基碘化铵、氧化剂的投料摩尔比为1:8.0~20.0:0.1~0.3:4.0~10.0,优选1:14.0:0.2:6.0。
优选地,所述SM-1与N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的投料摩尔比为1:8.0~20.0,优选1:14.0。
优选地,所述SM-1与四丁基碘化铵的投料摩尔比为1:0.1~0.3,优选1:0.2。
优选地,所述SM-1与氧化剂的投料摩尔比为1:4.0~10.0,优选1:6.0。
优选地,所述的反应温度为85~110℃,优选105~110℃。
在一优选方案中,所述后处理步骤如下:反应液降至室温,倾入还原性溶液A中,分液取有机层,水层以有机溶剂B萃取,合并有机相,干燥,过滤,减压浓缩至干,重结晶,抽滤,干燥,制得唑吡坦;优选地,所述还原性溶液A包括但不限于饱和亚硫酸钠溶液、焦亚硫酸钠溶液以及硫代硫酸钠溶液中的一种,优选饱和亚硫酸钠溶液;优选地,所述有机溶剂B包括但不限于二氯甲烷、氯仿中的一种,优选二氯甲烷;优选地,所述重结晶溶剂为乙酸乙酯。
在另一优选方案中,所述后处理步骤如下:反应液降至室温,倾入还原性溶液A中,减压蒸除有机溶剂,剩余物以有机溶剂B萃取,合并有机相,干燥,过滤,减压浓缩至干,重结晶,抽滤,干燥,制得唑吡坦;优选地,所述还原性溶液A包括但不限于饱和亚硫酸钠溶液、焦亚硫酸钠溶液以及硫代硫酸钠溶液中的一种,优选饱和亚硫酸钠溶液;优选地,所述有机溶剂B包括但不限于二氯甲烷、氯仿中的一种,优选二氯甲烷;优选地,所述重结晶溶剂为乙酸乙酯。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明提供了一种新的唑吡坦的制备方法,以2-(6-甲基-2-(对甲苯基)咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)乙醛为起始物料,以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为二甲胺源制备唑吡坦。相较于现有技术,本发明中以廉价的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺作为二甲胺源,可有效避免沸点较低(7℃)并且易燃的二甲胺试剂的使用;本发明所用催化剂及氧化剂不含有过渡金属,绿色无污染,且便宜易得;同时本发明所述制备方法明显缩短反应步骤,操作更安全简便;通过本发明所述工艺制得的唑吡坦具有较高的纯度及收率,适合工业化生产。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例来进一步说明本发明,应该正确理解的是:本发明的实施例仅仅是用于说明本发明,而不是对本发明的限制,所以,在本发明的方法前提下对本发明的简单改进均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
本发明采用HPLC测定唑吡坦的纯度,色谱条件如下:
色谱柱:YMC Triart-C18柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm)或效能相当的色谱柱;
流动相:流动相A:硫酸钠水溶液(取无水硫酸钠2.84g与三氟乙酸1ml,加水溶解并稀释至1000ml),流动相B:乙腈,梯度洗脱;
柱温:35℃;
检测波长:248nm;
流速:1.0ml/min;
进样量:20μl;
其中,唑吡坦的保留时间为18.7min左右。
洗脱梯度如表1所示:
表1 洗脱梯度表
以下各实施例中,未详细描述的各种过程和方法是本领域中公知的常规方法。
实施例1
室温,将2-(6-甲基-2-(对甲苯基)咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)乙醛(SM-1,26.43g,0.1mol)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(109.64g,1.5mol)、四丁基碘化铵(7.39g,0.02mol)、过氧化二异丙苯(162.22g,0.6mol)加入4-甲基-2-戊酮(110ml)中,控温105~110℃反应,经检测反应完毕后,将反应液倾入饱和亚硫酸钠溶液(500ml)中,分液取有机相,水相二氯甲烷(200ml×2)萃取,合并有机相,干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干,以乙酸乙酯作溶剂进行重结晶,抽滤,滤饼用预冷的乙酸乙酯淋洗,干燥,制得唑吡坦,收率94.2%,纯度为99.5%。
实施例2
室温,将2-(6-甲基-2-(对甲苯基)咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)乙醛(26.40g,0.1mol)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(58.48g,0.8mol)、四丁基碘化铵(7.39g,0.02mol)、过氧化二异丙苯(162.22g,0.6mol)加入4-甲基-2-戊酮(150ml)中,控温105~110℃反应,经检测反应完毕后,将反应液倾入饱和亚硫酸钠溶液(500ml)中,分液取有机相,水相二氯甲烷(200ml×2)萃取,合并有机相,干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干,以乙酸乙酯作溶剂进行重结晶,抽滤,滤饼用预冷的乙酸乙酯淋洗,干燥,制得唑吡坦,收率91.6%,纯度为99.2%。
实施例3
室温,将2-(6-甲基-2-(对甲苯基)咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)乙醛(26.45g,0.1mol)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(146.19g,2.0mol)、四丁基碘化铵(7.39g,0.02mol)、过氧化羟基异丙苯(CHP,91.31g,0.6mol)加入4-甲基-2-戊酮(100ml)中,控温85~90℃反应,经检测反应完毕后,将反应液倾入饱和亚硫酸钠溶液(500ml)中,分液取有机相,水相以氯仿(200ml×2)萃取,合并有机相,干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干,以乙酸乙酯作溶剂进行重结晶,抽滤,滤饼用预冷的乙酸乙酯淋洗,干燥,制得唑吡坦,收率92.9%,纯度为98.7%。
实施例4
室温,将2-(6-甲基-2-(对甲苯基)咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)乙醛(26.41g,0.1mol)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(109.64g,1.5mol)、四丁基碘化铵(3.69g,0.01mol)、间氯过氧苯甲酸(103.54g,0.6mol)加入N-甲基吗啉(110ml)中,控温105~110℃反应,经检测反应完毕后,将反应液倾入饱和焦亚硫酸钠溶液(500ml)中,减压蒸除有机溶剂,剩余物以二氯甲烷(200ml×3)萃取,合并有机相,干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干,以乙酸乙酯作溶剂进行重结晶,抽滤,滤饼用预冷的乙酸乙酯淋洗,干燥,制得唑吡坦,收率92.1%,纯度为99.3%。
实施例5
室温,将2-(6-甲基-2-(对甲苯基)咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)乙醛(26.45g,0.1mol)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(109.64g,1.5mol)、四丁基碘化铵(11.08g,0.03mol)、过氧化叔丁醇(TBHP,54.07g,0.6mol)加入硝基乙烷(110ml)中,控温85~90℃反应,经检测反应完毕后,将反应液倾入饱和硫代硫酸钠溶液(500ml)中,分液取有机相,水相二氯甲烷(200ml×2)萃取,合并有机相,干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干,以乙酸乙酯作溶剂进行重结晶,抽滤,滤饼用预冷的乙酸乙酯淋洗,干燥,制得唑吡坦,收率93.4%,纯度为99.0%。
实施例6
室温,将2-(6-甲基-2-(对甲苯基)咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)乙醛(26.43g,0.1mol)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(109.64g,1.5mol)、四丁基碘化铵(7.39g,0.02mol)、过氧化二异丙苯(108.14g,0.4mol)加入1,1,2-三氯乙烷(110ml)中,控温105~110℃反应,经检测反应完毕后,将反应液倾入饱和亚硫酸钠溶液(350ml)中,分液取有机相,水相以氯仿(150ml×2)萃取,合并有机相,干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干,以乙酸乙酯作溶剂进行重结晶,抽滤,滤饼用预冷的乙酸乙酯淋洗,干燥,制得唑吡坦,收率91.8%,纯度为99.4%。
实施例7
室温,将2-(6-甲基-2-(对甲苯基)咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)乙醛(26.42g,0.1mol)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(109.64g,1.5mol)、四丁基碘化铵(7.39g,0.02mol)、双氧水(ω=30%,113.37g,1.0mol)加入4-甲基-2-戊酮(110ml)中,控温95~100℃反应,经检测反应完毕后,将反应液倾入饱和亚硫酸钠溶液(600ml)中,分液取有机相,水相二氯甲烷(200ml×2)萃取,合并有机相,干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干,以乙酸乙酯作溶剂进行重结晶,抽滤,滤饼用预冷的乙酸乙酯淋洗,干燥,制得唑吡坦,收率93.5%,纯度为99.1%。
实施例8
室温,将2-(6-甲基-2-(对甲苯基)咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)乙醛(26.43g,0.1mol)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(43.85g,0.6mol)、四丁基碘化铵(1.85g,0.005mol)、过氧化二异丙苯(54.07g,0.2mol)加入4-甲基-2-戊酮(110ml)中,控温105~110℃反应,经检测反应完毕后,将反应液倾入饱和亚硫酸钠溶液(350ml)中,分液取有机相,水相以二氯甲烷(150ml×2)萃取,合并有机相,干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干,以乙酸乙酯作溶剂进行重结晶,抽滤,滤饼用预冷的乙酸乙酯淋洗,干燥,制得唑吡坦,收率87.6%,纯度为98.9%。
实施例9
室温,将2-(6-甲基-2-(对甲苯基)咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-3-基)乙醛(26.42g,0.1mol)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(182.73g,2.5mol)、四丁基碘化铵(18.47g,0.05mol)、过氧化二异丙苯(324.44g,1.2mol)加入4-甲基-2-戊酮(220ml)中,控温105~110℃反应,经检测反应完毕后,将反应液倾入饱和亚硫酸钠溶液(600ml)中,分液取有机相,水相以二氯甲烷(200ml×3)萃取,合并有机相,干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至干,以乙酸乙酯作溶剂进行重结晶,抽滤,滤饼用预冷的乙酸乙酯淋洗,干燥,制得唑吡坦,收率89.2%,纯度为98.1%。
Claims (8)
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,具体步骤如下:
将SM-1、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、四丁基碘化铵、氧化剂加入有机溶剂A中,控温至反应结束后,经后处理制得唑吡坦。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述氧化剂选自过氧化氢、间氯过氧苯甲酸、过氧化羟基异丙苯、过氧化二异丙苯以及过氧化叔丁醇中的一种。
4.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述有机溶剂A选自硝基乙烷、4-甲基-2-戊酮,N-甲基吗啉、1,1,2-三氯乙烷中的一种或其组合。
5.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述SM-1与N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的投料摩尔比为1:8.0~20.0。
6.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述SM-1与四丁基碘化铵的投料摩尔比为1:0.1~0.3。
7.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述SM-1与氧化剂的投料摩尔比为1:4.0~10.0。
8.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述反应温度为85~110℃。
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